TY - JOUR A1 - Zhao, Sikong T1 - Review on the Development of Marxist Philosophy Discipline in Shanghai in 2014 [上海学术报告(2014)上海市社会科学界联合会专题资料汇编] JF - Shanghai Academic Report [上海市社会科学界联合会(2014) (Shanghai Federation of Social Science Circles Special Material, Conference year 12/2015). N2 - 一、回归经典由俞吾金教授、吴晓明教授和杨耕教授主编的>当代哲学经典<系列丛书于2014年由北京师范大学出版社出版。其中,《当代哲学经典·马克思主义哲学卷》分册由杨耕教授、吴晓明教授和仰海峰教授主编,分为上下两册,主要选编了当代国外马克思主义主要流派的经典文本。上册选编了卢卡奇、柯尔施、葛兰西、霍克海默、阿多诺、沃尔佩、萨特、科西克、施米特、弗洛姆、沙夫、汤普逊、马尔库塞和阿尔都塞的重。 N2 - I. Return to the Classics. The series of >Classics of Contemporary Philosophy<, edited by Professors Yu Wujin, Wu Xiaoming and Yang Keng, was published by Beijing Normal University Press in 2014. Among them, >Contemporary Philosophy Classics – Marxist Philosophy Volume<, edited by Prof. Yang Keng, Prof. Wu Xiaoming and Prof. Yang Haifeng, is divided into two volumes, which mainly selects the classical texts of the main schools of contemporary Marxism abroad. The first volume contains a selection of important works by Lukács, Korsch, Gramsci, Horkheimer, Adorno, Wolpe, Sartre, Kosik, Schmitt, Fromm, Schaff, Thompson, Marcuse and Althusser. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Qiuxian T1 - 從弗洛姆《愛的藝術The Art of Loving》析論《三國演義》的親情書寫 – 以蜀漢後主為中心 [From Fromm's >The Art of Loving<, an Analysis of the Affectionate Writing of >The Romance of the Three Kingdoms<, with the Latter Lord of Shu Han as the Center] JF - 問學 [Asking about Learning (Kaohsiung City: National Kaohsiung Normal University Chinese Literature)], Vol. 19 (2015), pp. 113-129. N2 - 弗洛姆(Erich Fromm)愛的理論中認為,愛包括一些元素:照顧、責任、尊重及瞭解,其中母親與小孩的關係最密切,她代表著溫暖和安全的狀態,兒童從胚胎起便與母親相互依戀著,縱使日後脫離母體向世界探索,也是相當緊密的。值得注意的是,父親之愛與母愛最大的差別在於,母親是無條件的,而父愛是有條件的。《三國演義》對於劉禪親情的書寫,從三十四回出生到四十一回趙子龍單騎救主、四十二回摔阿斗、六十一回截江奪阿斗、甚至到後來八十五回的託孤事件、及後主登基之後劉禪與諸葛亮的關係等,在在都是於親情的軌跡上書寫。是故,本文欲從現代西方心裡學家弗洛姆(Erich Fromm)《愛的藝術 The Art of Loving》中對於親情剖析的觀點析論《三國演義》中劉禪為中心的敘述,期以重新理解作者在情節段落中的安排和更貼近真實人心的心理狀態,重要的是期盼能梳理出後主人格缺陷部分始是造成蜀國敗亡的真正原因,再從弗洛姆的父親之愛、母親之愛再推而影響人類成年後的父性良知和母性良知,以釐清日後造就出後主如此懦弱無能的主因,竟和童年的親情脈絡有著密不可分的關係。 N2 - According to Erich Fromm's theory of love, love consists of a number of elements: care, responsibility, respect and understanding, of which the mother has the closest relationship with the child, representing a state of warmth and security. It is important to note that the greatest difference between father's love and mother's love is that mother's love is unconditional, while father's love is conditional. In the >Romance of the Three Kingdoms<, Liu Chan's love for his father is written from his birth in the 34th chapter to his rescue by Zhao Zilong in the 41st chapter, the fall of Ah Dou in the 42nd chapter, the seizure of Ah Dou from the river in the 61st chapter, and even the trusting of the orphan in the 85th chapter, and the relationship between Liu Chan and Zhuge Liang after the latter's accession to the throne, all of which are written on the trajectory of love. Therefore, this paper would like to analyze the narrative of Liu Zen in Romance of the Three Kingdoms from the viewpoint of the modern Western psychologist Erich Fromm's >The Art of Loving<, in order to understand anew the author's arrangement of the love passages and the psychological state of the real human heart, and, importantly, to sort out the flawed part of the later lord's personality as the real cause of the defeat of Shu. It is important to clarify that the main reason for the defeat of the Later Master was the inseparable relationship between his childhood affection and the weakness of the Later Master. [DeepLcom/Translator, free version, 11/2022] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Huang, Zhicheng T1 - A Brief Discussion of Du Fu's Humanity, Personality, and Poetry [浅谈论杜甫的人性、人格与诗歌创作] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Young Writers [青年文学家], No. 8 (2015), pp. 79, 110. N2 - 杜甫对于人性的关注——寻找乱世中的生命精神。弗洛姆认为,爱的特征表现为关怀、知识、尊重和责任,如果一个人具有创造性的爱的能力,那么自身也是他所关爱的对象。如果他仅仅爱别人,为别人奉献一切,那他根本没有爱的能力。的确,杜甫在爱国、爱民、爱君、爱社稷的背后,是对于自我个体的密切关注。他从自我出发,以亲身所感、亲眼所看来体会这个社会,在对自我生命生活关注和珍惜的基础上,来观照整个大唐社会和社稷民生。 N2 - Du Fu's concern for humanity – the spirit of searching for life in a troubled world. According to Fromm, love is characterized by care, knowledge, respect and responsibility, and if a person has the ability to love creatively, then he himself is also the object of his care. If he only loves others and gives everything for them, he has no capacity to love at all. Indeed, behind Du Fu's love for his country, his people, his ruler, and his community, he is intimately concerned with the individual self. He starts from himself and experiences the society with his own feelings and eyes, and looks at the whole Tang society and the livelihood of the people on the basis of his concern and cherishing of his own life. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fang, Zheng T1 - From Pursuit to Escape – Thinking of Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< [从追求到逃避——读弗洛姆《逃避自由》有感] JF - Business Story [商业故事], No. 13 (2015), p. 129. N2 - 那么自由是什么?为什么我们在不断追寻它?弗洛姆的《逃避自由》从一个独特的视角,向我们揭示了一个个体从渴望自由、追求自由,到害怕自由直至逃避自由的一个过程,深入剖析了自由的实质意义。本文将在阅读该书的基础上,对本书进行详细梳理,力求还原本书基本内容及其背后的思想,尽可能的阐明弗洛姆关于自由的观点及思想。 N2 - So what is freedom? Why are we in constant pursuit of it? From a unique perspective, Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< reveals the process of an individual's desire for freedom, pursuit of freedom, fear of freedom and escape from freedom, and deeply analyzes the essence of freedom. In this paper, on the basis of reading the book, we will try to restore the basic content of the book and the ideas behind it, and clarify Fromm's views and thoughts on freedom as much as possible. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translation, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhong, Fangna T1 - The Theoretical Analysis of Chinese Netizens Social Character in the Context of the >Common Scene Prison< [>共景监狱<场域中网民>社会性格<辨析] JF - Journal of the Postgraduate of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law [中南财经政法大学研究生学报], No. 2 (2015), pp. 108-114. N2 - 法国哲学家米歇尔•福柯认为,>全景监狱<是信息社会的社会控制机器,社会管理者通过信息不对称的方式来实现低成本、高效率的社会治理。然而,随着传播技术的日新月异和媒介形态的层出不穷,信息资源分配方式的不断变革催生了以>围观<结构为主要特征的新型社会结构——>共景监狱<,它是众人对个体展开的集体>凝视和控制<。在互联网时代,网民是>共景监狱<场域中规范化监视的主体,他们在数量增长、信息消费、议程设置三大层面展现了自身>凝视与控制<社会的力量。本文基于>共景监狱<的场域特征,结合弗洛姆>社会性格<的相关理论,发现网民的>话语实践<在网络匿名机制的作用下既得到了极大释放,又增加了非理性的因素。因此在>话语实践<过程中,网民往往呈现出非理性狂欢、情绪燃点低、自我意识弱等社会性格的基本特征。 N2 - French philosopher Michel Foucault believes that >panoramic prison< is the social control machine of the information society, and social managers realize low-cost and high-efficiency social governance through information asymmetry. However, with the rapid development of communication technology and the emergence of media forms, the constant change of the way information resources are distributed has spawned a new social structure with the >onlookers< structure as the main feature - >Common Prison<, which is developed by everyone. Collective >gaze and control.< In the Internet age, netizens are the main body of standardized surveillance in the >Common Prison< field. They show their power of >gaze and control< in the three levels of quantity growth, information consumption and agenda setting. Based on the field characteristics of >Common Prison< and the related theories of Fromm's >social character<, this paper finds that the >discourse practice< of netizens has been greatly released under the role of network anonymity mechanism, and it has increased irrationality. factor. Therefore, in the process of >discourse practice<, netizens tend to present the basic characteristics of social character such as irrational carnival, low emotional ignition, and weak self-awareness. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wu, Dandan T1 - Research of Iris Murdoch’s Novel >The Black Prince< from the Perspective of Psychoanalysis [精神分析学视野下的默多克小说《黑王子》研究], Master thesis, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 艾丽丝•默多克(Iris Murdoch,1919-1999)是当代英国著名的小说家、哲学家。她的作品具有极强的故事性以及深刻的道德哲学思想。在她的二十六部小说中,创作于20世纪70年代的《黑王子》是较为重要的一部,其独特的叙事结构和深邃隐晦的哲理得到了学者的广泛探讨。本文在借鉴前人研究成果的基础上,运用精神分析理论分析作品中人物间的施虐与受虐特征及其心理根源,以及人物之间施虐与受虐关系的转换,探讨默多克本人的道德哲学思想。本论文共分为五部分:第一章绪论部分叙述了国内外对默多克创作及其《黑王子》这部小说的研究现状,梳理了施虐与受虐理论在心理学上的发展脉络,陈述了与本文相关的埃利希•弗洛姆、西蒙•弗洛伊德、阿尔弗雷德•阿德勒的理论观点,最后对小说人物关系作了简要概括。第二章从施虐者入手,分析小说两个主要人物阿诺尔德与其好友布拉德利的施虐表现和根源,指出阿诺尔德是行为的施虐者,其在施虐心理和支配欲望的作用下对妻子长期施以家庭暴力,而布拉德利则是言语的施虐者,因逃避和自卑心理冷漠对待他人。第三章从受虐者角度出发,通过分析蕾切尔、普丽西娜和弗朗西斯三个人的不同的受虐表现和根源,指出前两者因内在的软弱性以及缺乏自我独立意识,导致她们在面对残酷的施虐时,一个默默忍受,一个走向了毁灭,而身为同性恋的弗朗西斯成为了受虐倒错者,企图在受虐的享受中寻找自我的存在感和安全感。第四章讨论小说中人物的施虐与受虐角色的转换,布拉德利因对朱莉安的自私的爱而沦为了受虐者,蕾切尔因不堪忍受丈夫的暴力和背叛而杀死了丈夫阿诺尔德,从原先的受虐者转变成了施虐者。最后一章结语部分总结上文,指出默多克笔下人与人,尤其是两性之间的相处困境,通过对小说结局的分析得出结论,真诚的爱才是走出人际交往困境的重要途径。 N2 - Iris Murdoch (1919–1999) is a well-known contemporary English woman writer and philosopher, whose writing has strong narrative and profound moral philosophy meanings. >The Black Prince< written in the 1970s is very important among her twenty-six novels. It has been widely discussed by a lot of scholars on its unique narrative structure and deep philosophic spirit. This thesis will analyze the sadism and masochism relationship, its transformation and reason between different characters with psychoanalytic theory on the basis of previous researches, hoping to explore the moral philosophy of Iris Murdoch. This thesis consists of five parts. The first part summarizes previous researches of Iris Murdoch and >The Black Prince<, combs the development process of sadism and masochism theory in psychology, states the theory of Erich Fromm, Simon Freud, Alfred Adler related to my research, and at last briefly summarizes relationship between characters of the novel. The second part concentrates on the sadists. Through the analysis of Arnold and Bradley’s sadistic manifestation and reason, I think that Arnold is a sadist of behavior, his sadistic psychology causes family violence to his wife, and Bradley is a verbal sadist, he treats others indifferently because of his avoidance and inferiority.– The third part explains the masochists who are Rachel, Priscilla and Francis. As women, Rachel and Priscilla’s inherent weakness and the lack of consciousness of independence cause their suffering and Priscilla’s death when facing cruel torture. As a homosexual, Francis becomes masochism inversion and he tries to find the existence and security feelings from the enjoyment of masochism.– The fourth part focuses on the characters’ identity transformation in this novel. Bradley becomes a masochist because of his selfish love to Julian, and Rachel becomes a sadist under the unbearable violence and betray at the end of the novel.– The last part summarizes the above analysis, points out the communication dilemma between people, and make a conclusion that sincere love is an important way out of interpersonal distress. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ni, Nan T1 - Estrangement, Division, Distortion, Madness – On Mrs. Carmody’s Social Character in >The Mist< from Fromm’s Alienation Theory [疏离•分裂•扭曲•疯癫——以弗洛姆异化理论看《迷雾惊魂》中卡莫迪太太社会性格的异化] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Social Science of Harbin Normal University [哈尔滨师范大学社会科学学报], No. 4 (2015), pp. 130-133. N2 - 《迷雾惊魂》是被誉为>现代恐怖小说大师<的斯蒂芬•金最受人欢迎的中篇小说之一。文章从弗洛姆异化理论的社会性格角度出发,分析卡莫迪太太的社会性格与环境爆发矛盾的心理动因,对其从疏离一步步走向分裂、扭曲乃至疯癫的异化表现以及发展予以阐释和解读,以此来关注当代人的异化生存境遇和心理状况。 N2 - >The Mist< is one of Stephen King’s most popular horror novellas, who is called a >Great Master of Modern Horror Fiction<. Based on Fromm’s alienation theory, the paper aims to analyze the mental causes for the conflicts between Mrs. Carmody’s social character and the circumstances. It records her forms of alienation from estrangement, division, distortion to madness, so as to provide some revelation for the alienated living circumstances and spiritual state of modern people. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lai, Xiaojia T1 - Analysis of Fromm's Thought on Sound Society – About Fromm's >The Sane Society< [探析弗洛姆健全社会思想—读弗洛姆《健全的社会》] JF - New Exploration of Ideological and Political Education Theory [思想政治理论教育新探索], No. 00 (2015), pp. 72-80. N2 - 第二次世界大战后,在科学技术的推动下生产迅猛发展,西方社会进入一个经济相对快速、平稳发展的时期。然而在发达的西方社会,优越的物质生活并不能使人感到幸福,人们的心理、精神领域以及社会的许多方面都遭遇着危机。弗洛姆对资本主义的这些新变化有独到的见解,并提出构建一个健全的社会的思想。 N2 - [After the Second World War, the rapid development of production under the impetus of science and technology, the Western society entered a period of relatively rapid and stable economic development. However, in developed Western society, superior material life does not make people feel happy, and people's psychological, spiritual and social aspects are experiencing crisis. Fromm has unique insights into these new changes in capitalism and proposes the idea of building a sound society.] [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jiang, Li T1 - Alienation in William Somerset Maugham’s Short Stories [威廉•萨默塞特•毛姆短篇小说中的异化], Master thesis, English Language and Literature Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 本文主要运用了埃里希•弗洛姆对马克思劳动异化的阐述和发展形成的异化理论,分析了毛姆短篇小说中三种异化形态,为其短篇小说的研究提供了一个较为新颖的角度。本文从三个方面重点分析毛姆的十个短篇小说文本:《雨》和《教堂堂守》体现了宗教的伪善和对人性的压迫,说明人类创造的上帝反而成为主宰人的力量,使的人与上帝的关系产生了异化;人际关系的异化表现在三个方面,其中《午餐》表现了对异化的绅士风度的盲目推崇让人与人之间的交往变得肤浅而虚伪,《马金托什》体现了殖民制度下的共生关系充满矛盾冲突,而毛姆多个关于爱情和婚姻的短篇,例如《红毛》、《被毁掉的人》、《策略婚姻》、《灵机一动》和《上校夫人》等则反映出当代西方社会爱情和婚姻的功利性;《蒙德拉哥勋爵》和《池》体现了人与自身的异化与外在环境的关系,表明无论是在资本主义蓬勃发展的西方还是在处于殖民统治下的原始东方,种族歧视以及金钱和权力至上的观念无孔不入,人被种种欲望所驱使,泯灭了其自然天性,对自由的追寻、对精神家园的向往最终化为泡影,只能以死亡来逃避完全异化的命运。本文最后得出结论,毛姆对异化的深刻体验在其短篇小说中有着充分体现,冷峻客观的笔调之下是对人类生存困境的深切关注,他对恶人的同情更是体现了他对人性的歌颂和对异化社会的叛逆。 N2 - This thesis mainly applies Erich Fromm’s ideas of alienation, which formed by his elaboration and development of Marx’s alienation of labor, to analyze three forms of alienation, including man’s alienation from God, alienation of interpersonal relationship and man’s self-alienation, in Maugham’s short stories, which offers a comparatively new perspective for the study of those stories. This thesis focuses on ten of Maugham’s short stories in three aspects: >Rain< and >The Verger< reflected the hypocrisy of religion and its oppression over humanity, that is, the God created by man became a power dominating man in turn, resulting in man’s alienation from God; alienation of interpersonal relationship was manifested in three aspects, among which >The Luncheon< reflected the blind advocating of alienated gentlemanliness led to shallow and hypocritical interpersonal communication, >Mackintosh< reflected symbiotic relationship under colonial administration was full of conflict, and Maugham’s plenty of stories about love and marriage, such as >Red<, >Flotsam and Jetsam<, >A Marriage of Convenience<, >The Creative Impulse<, and >The Colonel’s Lady<, reflected the utilitarian of love and marriage in contemporary western society; >Lord Mountdrago< and >The Pool< reflected the relationship between man’s alienation from himself and external environment, indicating whether in the western society of flourishing capitalism or in the primitive east under colonial rule, racial discrimination and money and power worship were all-pervasive, thus, man, driven by all sorts of desires, lost his nature, and his pursuit of freedom ended in failure and the wish for a spiritual home were disillusioned, therefore only by death could he get rid of alienation. This thesis concludes that Maugham’s profound sense of alienation has a sufficient manifestation in his short stories. Under the guise of unfeeling and objective tone there is his deep concern for man’s existential predicament and his sympathy with the evil further reveals his eulogy of humanity and rebellion against the alienated society. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hu, Miaomiao T1 - Fromm's Moral Education Thought and Its Enlightenment to China's Moral Education [弗洛姆道德教育思想及其对我国道德教育的启示] N2 - 弗洛姆思想体系形成于资本主义社会动荡时期,对异化社会的批判和健全社会的重建,构成了其理论体系的破和立,而其具有现代生命力的道德教育观,也给我国正处于转型时期的社会思想道德教育带来了些许的启示。 N2 - Fromm's ideology is formed in the turbulent period of capitalist society. The criticism of the alienated society and the reconstruction of a sound society constitute the breaking and standing of its theoretical system, and its moral education concept with modern vitality is also It has brought some enlightenment to the social ideological and moral education in China during the transition period. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hao, Sun T1 - On Catherine’s Self-alienation in >Wuthering Heights< [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - The 2015 International Conference on Arts, Design and Contemporary Education (ICADCE 2015), April 22, 2015, Moscow, Russia, in 2015 International Conference on Arts, Design and Contemporary Education (ICADCE 2015) Part A. N2 - The thesis attempts to sort out and analyze Catherine’s self-alienation process based on Marx’s and Fromm’s self-alienation theory, and reveal the essence of life. Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Xin T1 - A Call for Sane Personality – The Psychoanalysis of Virginia Woolf's >Years< [对健全人格的呼唤 - 弗吉尼亚•伍尔夫《岁月》的社会心理学解读], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 弗吉尼亚•伍尔夫是20世纪英国最杰出的现代主义作家之一。作为1937年美国畅销书,《岁月》是她集中反映英国社会生活的一部小说。它颠覆作家以往意识流小说的创作手法,将>事实<与>想象<相结合,以家庭成员对话和人物内心独白折射社会现实,是作家创作的新尝试,然而评论家对此却褒贬不一本论文将运用人本主义精神分析学家埃里希•弗洛姆的社会心理学揭露《岁月》中西方资本主义社会经济制度下人格异化现象以及消极的社会性格,从而挖掘作家伍尔夫对现代人人格发展的担忧,及她对健全人格的呼唤。《岁月》的章节由十一个不同年份组成。据此,作者分析了小说中英国从十九世纪八十年代到二十世纪三十年代的社会背景和社会变化,同时结合弗洛姆对十九、二十世纪资本主义社会的比较型诊断,说明资本主义社会在物质文明进步的同时所产生的精神倒退,揭露以市场为中心的社会经济体制阻碍人格发展的事实与进程。伍尔夫的对比手法则反映出由此产生的人、自然和社会关系不和谐现象。在此基础上,作者运用弗洛姆的>异化<概念剖析人物自我感缺失及人与同胞疏离的异化现象,从而揭露小说中无助与压抑、冷漠与伪善的消极社会性格。重塑健全人格至关重要。主人公通过培养自我感和创造性逐渐实现反异化的自我救赎,通过爱与交流缓解人与人之间的疏离。而小说中人物对大自然的热爱,自然成为人类心灵的庇护,则有力证明了人类亲近自然促进健全人格的发展。所以,作家伍尔夫在《岁月》中呼唤健全的人格。因为在现代社会市场主导一切的经济体制下,异化现象已相当普遍。异化对健全社会和健全人格都有损害与阻碍作用。重塑健全人格对现代人已迫在眉睫。 N2 - Virginia Woolf is one of the most distinguished British modernist writers in the twentieth century. >The Years<, as the 1937 bestseller in the United States, is her novel that focuses on the British social life. Its writing techniques differ from her previous stream-of-consciousness novels. Woolf combined >facts< and >vision<, mirroring the social reality through dialogues and interior monologues of the Pargiter family members. It is an innovation of Woolf’s creation, but critics have not yet reached an agreement on it. Based on the humanistic psychoanalyst Erich Fromm’s socio-psychology, the thesis is an exposure of the phenomenon of alienated personality and negative social characters under Western capitalist social and economic system. It explores Woolf’s concern with the personality development of modern people and her call for sane personality. The Years cover eleven different years. Accordingly, the author of the present study analyzes social backgrounds and changes of Britain from 1880s to 1930s with Fromm’s comparative diagnosis of the nineteenth and twentieth century. It suggests the spiritual retrogression of capitalist society despite the material civilization and uncovers how social and economic system of market-orientation hindered the personality development. Woolf’s technique of contrast is to expose the disharmonious relationship between human, nature and society caused by capitalist system. Fromm’s concept of >alienation< is used to analyze the alienation phenomenon including protagonists’ lack of a sense of self and estrangement between people. Negative social characters, such as powerlessness and repression, indifference and insincerity are exposed. The restoration of sane humanity is of vital importance. Protagonists realize self-salvation against alienation through cultivation of a sense of self and productiveness, and they relieve estrangement between them by love and communication. Their love for nature and nature as a shelter for human soul suggested that intimacy between human and nature is able to promote the development of the sane personality. Therefore, Woolf’s call for sane personality in The Years can be recognized. Since alienation is widespread in modern society under the economic system of market-orientation, it is impairment and hindrance to a sane society, as well as a sane personality. It is vital and urgent to restore a sane personality for modern people.] [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Yuanyuan T1 - Western Marxist Class Theory and Its Contemporary Value [西方马克思主义阶级理论及其当代价值], Doctoral dissertation, Foreign Marxism Research, Central Party School, Communist Party of China 2015. N2 - 阶级问题是贯穿于西方马克思主义思潮中的重要命题。西方马克思主义阶级理论,不是马克思主义理论的绝对对立物,而是从马克思主义框架中>延异<出来的。西方马克思主义阶级理论,就是对不同历史条件下,资本主义国家阶级阶层状况的总体的分析与判断。在理论上,西方马克思主义阶级理论立足于西方社会阶级阶层状况,反思了阶级变化对整个社会的影响;在实践上,西方马克思主义阶级理论,提出了针对阶级问题的构想与策略;在内容上,西方马克思主义阶级理论,研究了工人阶级及其阶级意识、阶级结构与阶级关系的变化、阶级的生存状况等问题。马克思主义理论、西方哲学文化传统和西方社会分层理论,是西方马克思主义阶级理论的主要思想来源。资本主义社会的历史状况,是西方马克思主义阶级理论的现实基础。西方马克思主义阶级理论,在不同的历史发展阶段呈现出不同的理论形态。在阶级理论的形成期,即20世纪20年代至50年代初,西方马克思主义者研究的主题是工人阶级的阶级意识。早期西方马克思主义者卢卡奇等人认为,西欧无产阶级革命失败的原因在于,无产阶级没有形成自己的阶级意识,在于资本主义对其社会成员的意识形态控制。他们对阶级意识的革命动力作用寄予了深厚的期望,认为阶级意识决定无产阶级革命的历史命运。早期的法兰克福学派,将总结西欧无产阶级革命失败的教训、批判法西斯主义作为主要任务。霍克海默、阿多诺和弗洛姆认为,工人阶级及其组织正在被资本主义制度所包围,工人阶级逐渐丧失了革命和批判意识。因此,唤醒无产阶级的革命热情和批判意识,就成为他们的首要任务。在阶级理论的发展期,即20世纪50年代至70年代初,西方马克思主义者重点关注资本主义阶级结构的变化,并积极探寻变革社会的新的阶级主体。这一时期的法兰克福学派的代表马尔库塞认为,传统的工人阶级无法抵制资本主义强大的力量,已经被融合进资本主义制度中,社会中只有少数的人没有被融合。结构主义者普兰查斯,将资本主义社会中新产生的阶级称为>新小资产阶级<,认为他们在社会结构中处于中间位置。马勒和高兹,将社会中产生的新阶级称为>新工人阶级<,认为他们是变革社会的新兴力量。进入20世纪70年代以来,西方马克思主义者对阶级问题的研究,随着时代条件的转换而调整了关注的主题。由于社会分层更加精细化和多元化,他们重点研究构成阶级的个体。分析学派的马克思主义者从微观的视角研究阶级。这一时期的法兰克福学派,主张通过主体间的交往缓和阶级冲突。生态学马克思主义者通过关切工人阶级的生存境遇,试图探寻一条阶级解放的文明之路。后马克思主义的代表们,试图通过建构多元的、激进的民主来实现政治认同。西方马克思主义阶级理论具有重要的理论价值和现实价值。从理论上来说,西方马克思主义阶级理论,无论是对马克思主义阶级理论,还是对西方马克思主义的发展,或者是对中国阶级阶层研究,都有重要的价值。首先,它证明了马克思主义阶级理论的当代适用性、拓展了马克思主义阶级理论的研究视角、揭示了马克思主义的人本价值意蕴。其次,它为人们从整体上认识西方马克思主义提供了视角、彰显了西方马克思主义的生机与活力、推动了西方马克思主义的传播与发展。再次,它为中国阶级阶层研究提供了思想资源。从实践上说,西方马克思主义阶级理论,为宏观把握世界社会主义运动的发展历程、为客观认识资本主义社会的阶级阶层状况、为正确处理中国社会阶级阶层关系提供了启示 N2 - The question of class is an important topic that runs through Western Marxism thought. The class theory of Western Marxism is not the absolute antithesis of Marxist theory, but an >extension< of it from the Marxist framework. The Western Marxist class theory is the overall analysis and judgment of the class situation in the capitalist countries under different historical conditions. In theory, the western Marxist class theory is based on the class situation in western society, reflecting on the impact of class changes on the whole society; in practice, the western Marxist class theory, put forward the concept and strategy for class problems; in content, the western Marxist class theory, the study of the working class and its class consciousness, class structure and the changes in class relations, the survival of the class and other issues. Marxist theory, Western philosophical and cultural traditions and Western social stratification theory are the main sources of the class theory of Western Marxism. The historical situation of capitalist society is the realistic basis of the class theory of Western Marxism. The class theory of Western Marxism presents different theoretical forms at different stages of historical development. In the formative period of class theory, that is, from the 1920s to the early 1950s, Western Marxists studied the class consciousness of the working class. The early Western Marxists, such as Lukács’s, believed that the failure of the proletarian revolution in Western Europe was due to the failure of the proletariat to form its own class consciousness and to the ideological control of capitalism over the members of its society. They placed deep expectations on the role of class consciousness as the driving force of the revolution, and believed that class consciousness would determine the historical fate of the proletarian revolution. The early Frankfurt School made it its main task to sum up the lessons of the failed proletarian revolutions in Western Europe and to criticize fascism. Horkheimer, Adorno and Fromm believed that the working class and its organizations were being surrounded by the capitalist system, and that the working class was gradually losing its revolutionary and critical consciousness. Therefore, awakening the revolutionary enthusiasm and critical consciousness of the proletariat became their primary task. During the period of development of class theory, i.e. from the 1950s to the early 1970s, the Western Marxists focused on the changes of the capitalist class structure and actively searched for a new class subject to change society. Marcuse, a representative of the Frankfurt School during this period, argued that the traditional working class was unable to resist the powerful forces of capitalism and had been integrated into the capitalist system, leaving only a small minority of society unintegrated. The structuralist Poulantzas, who called the new classes in capitalist society the >new petty bourgeoisie<, believed that they were in the middle of the social structure. Mallet and Gortz, referring to the new classes that emerged in society as the >new working class<, saw them as the emerging force for social change. Since the 1970s, the study of class issues by Western Marxists has adjusted its focus to the changing conditions of the times. As social stratification has become more refined and pluralistic, they have focused on the individuals who constitute class. The Marxists of the Analytical School studied class from a microscopic perspective. The Frankfurt School of this period argued for a lessening of class conflict through inter-subjective interaction. The ecological Marxists tried to find a civilizational path to class emancipation through concern for the living conditions of the working class. The representatives of post-Marxism tried to achieve political identity by constructing a pluralistic and radical democracy. The Western Marxist theory of class has important theoretical and practical values. From a theoretical point of view, the Western Marxist class theory is of great value, whether for the Marxist class theory, the development of Western Marxism, or the study of Chinese class strata. Firstly, it proves the contemporary applicability of Marxist class theory, expands the research perspective of Marxist class theory, and reveals the humanistic value implication of Marxism. Secondly, it provides a perspective for people to understand Western Marxism as a whole, highlights the vitality and vigor of Western Marxism, and promotes the spread and development of Western Marxism. Thirdly, it has provided intellectual resources for the study of the Chinese class. In practice, Western Marxist class theory has provided inspiration for macroscopically grasping the course of development of the world socialist movement, for objectively understanding the class situation in capitalist society, and for correctly handling class relations in Chinese society. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhou, Chongyang T1 - Predicament and Salvation in Paul Auster’s >The Brooklyn Follies< [保罗•奥斯特《布鲁克林荒唐事》中的困境与救赎], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 保罗•奥斯特(1947-)被誉为美国当代最杰出的作家之一。到目前为止,他出版了十九部小说,五部传记,四部电影剧本和一部评论集。这些作品为他赢得了很多奖项,如2006年的阿斯图里亚斯王子文学奖。奥斯特的众多作品体现了他对现代人生存状态和精神状态的深刻关怀,《布鲁克林的荒唐事》(2005)就是其中具代表性的一部。在这部小说中,奥斯特带着充满希望的积极态度,生动地描绘出一些疲惫不堪的纽约人如何在和谐的布鲁克林社区中走出他们的精神困境。近年来,奥斯特的很多小说被译成中文,他在中国读者中的影响也日益扩大,但是他的作品尚未引起我国文学评论界的足够重视。到目前为止,有关奥斯特作品的学术论文还为数不多。而且,学者们的注意力大多集中在奥斯特的部分作品,如《纽约三部曲》(1987),对其他的作品,如《布鲁克林的荒唐事》则关注度不够。通过分析小说中人物的精神困境及救赎,本论文旨在填补对这部小说研究的空缺,同时推动国内的奥斯特研究。论文主要关注小说中的三个人物,分别是退休、离婚的内森,他消极的侄子汤姆及他叛逆的侄女奥罗拉。小说中这三个人物经历了相似的人生历程。面对精神困境,他们都采取了逃避机制,却加深了他们的困境。最终他们通过一些积极的行动获得了重生。借助创伤理论、弗洛姆的人本主义思想以及积极心理学的一些概念,论文试图分析三个人物的精神困境,他们的逃避机制以及他们最终的精神救赎。除引言和结论外,论文共由三章组成。引言部分除对作者奥斯特的生平和文学生涯做简单的介绍之外,也简要地介绍小说的主要故事情节,然后详细介绍这部小说的国内外研究现状,论文的理论框架,以及借助创伤理论、弗洛姆的人本主义思想和积极心理学研究这部小说的意义。第一章详细分析三个人物的精神困境。他们在家庭中和社会上都经历了一些创伤性事件。内森在他不幸的婚姻中挣扎,经历了妹妹的去世,同时,作为一名保险销售员,他深受客户创伤经验的影响。汤姆经历的创伤事件包括父母的离婚,母亲的去世,求职的失败以及他所经历的暴力犯罪。奥罗拉的创伤来自父母的离婚和一段在色情电影拍摄片场被轮奸的可怕经历。除了这些创伤经历,他们还承受着异化的影响。在以对金钱的无休止追求为特征的不健全社会中,他们被转变为>物<或者商品。因此,他们与自我异化,也与其他人异化。在创伤经历和异化的人际关系影响下,三个人物经常感到无助、孤独和不安。第二章主要探索人物的逃避机制和他们选择逃避的原因。内森和汤姆选择>机械趋同<的逃避机制以获得心理安慰和安全感。他们没有积极地去追求自己最初的梦想,也没有主动与其他人建立好的人际关系,相反,他们选择与外界的期望保持一致,过着机器人式的生活。内森埋葬了自己的文学梦想,成为一名销售员,过着一种例行公事的生活。汤姆没有动力去追求他做教师的原计划,转而接受哈里的建议,做了他的助理。因为他们都失去了个性,随着时间推移,他们的困境被恶化。奥罗拉选择>受虐冲动<的逃避机制。为了得到大卫的爱,她屈服于他。但是,因为牺牲了自己的独立性,她逐渐被困入新的束缚中。这三个人物选择逃避的倾向受一些外部原因的影响,同时也受他们自身>非生产性性格<的影响。第三章分析人物的救赎。小说结尾,在和谐的布鲁克林社区,这三个人物都通过他们的积极行动逐渐摆脱了精神困境。这些积极行动主要包括成熟的爱和>创造性活动<。通过对爱的能力的培养,他们学会肯定自己的潜力,还逐渐与他人建立起良好关系。除了成熟的爱,他们最终的精神救赎还得益于创造性活动。在弗洛姆看来,创造性活动最基本的要求是要积极主动。通过人际关系领域中的积极参与以及他们自身非异化的劳动,他们最终得以过上有意义的生活,获得满足感和真正的快乐。基于以上分析和讨论,结论部分指出,三个人物的重生是对很多经历着精神危机的现代人的一个鼓励,体现了奥斯特对现代人精神状态的深切关怀以及他对人们未来充满希望的态度。结合创伤理论、弗洛姆的人本主义思想以及积极心理学,论文试图为奥斯特研究提供新视角,增添新内容,同时也有一些现实意义,即提醒陷在精神困境中的人们,开启新生活的唯一方式是通过积极的行动而不是诉诸逃避机制。 N2 - Paul Auster (1947-) is now acclaimed as one of the most celebrated contemporary writers in America. Up till now, he has published nineteen novels, five memoirs, four screen plays as well as a collection of critical essays, which bring him numerous awards such as the 2006 Prince of Asturias Award for Literature. In many of his works, Auster expresses his deep concern for the living status and the spiritual state of modern people. Among these works, >The Brooklyn Follies< (2005) is a typical representative. With a hopeful attitude, Auster, in this novel, offers a vivid vision of how some debilitated New Yorkers get out of their spiritual predicaments in the harmonious Brooklyn community. Although recent years witness Auster’s reputation on the rise in China and many of his novels have been translated into Chinese, there is not much academic concern accompanying his popularity. Up till now, only a few academic researches based on Auster and his works have been published. Moreover, scholars mainly focus on some of his works such as the New York Trilogy (1987), while few of them pay attention to The Brooklyn Follies. By analyzing the spiritual predicaments and the final salvation of the characters, this thesis aims to fill in the gap and promote the popularity and studies of Auster’s works at home. This thesis mainly focuses on three characters: the retired, divorced old man Nathan, Nathan’s depressed nephew Tom and his rebellious niece Aurora. The three characters experience similar life journeys. In face of their spiritual predicaments, they resort to escape mechanisms which only worsen their predicaments. Finally, through some positive actions, they gain rebirth. With the help of trauma theory, Fromm’s humanistic thoughts and positive psychology, this thesis attempts to analyze the spiritual predicaments of the three characters, their escape mechanisms and their final salvation. Besides the Introduction and Conclusion, this thesis is divided into three chapters. The Introduction presents a sketch of Auster’s life experiences, his literary career as well as the main storyline of the novel. Then in detail a literature review of this novel at home and abroad is presented. In addition, the theoretical framework and the significance of interpreting the novel from the perspective of trauma theory, Fromm’s humanistic thoughts and positive psychology are also elaborated in this part. Chapter One provides a detailed analysis of the spiritual dilemmas of the three characters. They experience some traumatic events at home and in society. Nathan struggles in his unfortunate marriage, endures the loss of his sister, and as an insurance man, he is a victim of the traumatic experiences of his clients. Tom is traumatized by the divorce of his parents, the death of his mother, the failure of finding a satisfactory job as well as a violent crime he experiences. Aurora’s trauma results from the divorce of her parents and an awful experience of being gang-raped on the set of a pornographic film. Apart from these traumatic experiences, the three also endure alienation. In the insane modern society characterized by the endless pursuit of money, they are transformed into things or commodities, and thus they are alienated from themselves and from others. Due to the influence of the traumatic events and the alienated relationships, the three often experience helplessness, loneliness and insecurity. Chapter Two explores the escape mechanisms of the three characters and probes into the causes of their choices. In order to gain some comfort and the sense of security, Tom and Nathan choose the escape mechanism of >automaton conformity<. Instead of positively pursuing their own original dreams and actively establishing good relationships with others, they conform to the expectations of the outside world and live like automatons. Nathan buries his literary dream and lives a routine life as a salesman. Tom has no motivation to pursue his original plan of being a teacher, but chooses to accept Harry’s suggestion to be his assistant. Because they lose their individuality, their dilemmas are worsened with time going by. Aurora chooses the escape mechanism of >masochistic strivings<. She submits herself to David in order to gain protection and love. However, because she sacrifices her independence, gradually she is caught in new bondage. Their tendencies to escape are affected by some external factors as well as their >nonproductive character<. The third chapter analyzes the final salvation of the three characters. At the end of the story, in the harmonious community of Brooklyn, the three characters gradually get rid of their spiritual dilemmas through their positive actions: mature love and >productive activities<. With the cultivation of their capacity to love, they learn to affirm their own potentialities and also gradually establish good relationships with others. Apart from mature love, their final salvation also benefits from their productive activities, the fundamental requirement of which, according to Fromm, is to be active. Through active participation in the realms of human relations and their non-alienated labor, the three finally have opportunities to live meaningful lives and gain satisfaction and genuine happiness. Based on the above discussion and analysis, the conclusion points out that the rebirth of the three characters serves as an encouragement to many modern men who have been undergoing spiritual crisis. It embodies Auster’s profound solicitude for the spiritual state of modern man and his hopeful attitude towards the future of modern people. The interpretation of the novel with the help of trauma theory, Fromm’s humanistic thoughts and positive psychology attempts to contribute a new angle and some new contents to the researches on Auster’s works, and it also possesses certain practical meanings, which is to remind those who are trapped in their spiritual dilemmas that the only way to start a new life is to take positive actions instead of resorting to escape mechanisms.] [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Xin T1 - A Call for Sane Personality – The Psychoanalysis of Virginia Woolf's >Years< [对健全人格的呼唤 - 弗吉尼亚•伍尔夫《岁月》的社会心理学解读], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 弗吉尼亚•伍尔夫是20世纪英国最杰出的现代主义作家之一。作为1937年美国畅销书,《岁月》是她集中反映英国社会生活的一部小说。它颠覆作家以往意识流小说的创作手法,将>事实<与>想象<相结合,以家庭成员对话和人物内心独白折射社会现实,是作家创作的新尝试,然而评论家对此却褒贬不一本论文将运用人本主义精神分析学家埃里希•弗洛姆的社会心理学揭露《岁月》中西方资本主义社会经济制度下人格异化现象以及消极的社会性格,从而挖掘作家伍尔夫对现代人人格发展的担忧,及她对健全人格的呼唤。《岁月》的章节由十一个不同年份组成。据此,作者分析了小说中英国从十九世纪八十年代到二十世纪三十年代的社会背景和社会变化,同时结合弗洛姆对十九、二十世纪资本主义社会的比较型诊断,说明资本主义社会在物质文明进步的同时所产生的精神倒退,揭露以市场为中心的社会经济体制阻碍人格发展的事实与进程。伍尔夫的对比手法则反映出由此产生的人、自然和社会关系不和谐现象。在此基础上,作者运用弗洛姆的>异化<概念剖析人物自我感缺失及人与同胞疏离的异化现象,从而揭露小说中无助与压抑、冷漠与伪善的消极社会性格。重塑健全人格至关重要。主人公通过培养自我感和创造性逐渐实现反异化的自我救赎,通过爱与交流缓解人与人之间的疏离。而小说中人物对大自然的热爱,自然成为人类心灵的庇护,则有力证明了人类亲近自然促进健全人格的发展。所以,作家伍尔夫在《岁月》中呼唤健全的人格。因为在现代社会市场主导一切的经济体制下,异化现象已相当普遍。异化对健全社会和健全人格都有损害与阻碍作用。重塑健全人格对现代人已迫在眉睫。 N2 - Virginia Woolf is one of the most distinguished British modernist writers in the twentieth century. >The Years<, as the 1937 bestseller in the United States, is her novel that focuses on the British social life. Its writing techniques differ from her previous stream-of-consciousness novels. Woolf combined >facts< and >vision<, mirroring the social reality through dialogues and interior monologues of the Pargiter family members. It is an innovation of Woolf’s creation, but critics have not yet reached an agreement on it. Based on the humanistic psychoanalyst Erich Fromm’s socio-psychology, the thesis is an exposure of the phenomenon of alienated personality and negative social characters under Western capitalist social and economic system. It explores Woolf’s concern with the personality development of modern people and her call for sane personality. The Years cover eleven different years. Accordingly, the author of the present study analyzes social backgrounds and changes of Britain from 1880s to 1930s with Fromm’s comparative diagnosis of the nineteenth and twentieth century. It suggests the spiritual retrogression of capitalist society despite the material civilization and uncovers how social and economic system of market-orientation hindered the personality development. Woolf’s technique of contrast is to expose the disharmonious relationship between human, nature and society caused by capitalist system. Fromm’s concept of >alienation< is used to analyze the alienation phenomenon including protagonists’ lack of a sense of self and estrangement between people. Negative social characters, such as powerlessness and repression, indifference and insincerity are exposed. The restoration of sane humanity is of vital importance. Protagonists realize self-salvation against alienation through cultivation of a sense of self and productiveness, and they relieve estrangement between them by love and communication. Their love for nature and nature as a shelter for human soul suggested that intimacy between human and nature is able to promote the development of the sane personality. Therefore, Woolf’s call for sane personality in The Years can be recognized. Since alienation is widespread in modern society under the economic system of market-orientation, it is impairment and hindrance to a sane society, as well as a sane personality. It is vital and urgent to restore a sane personality for modern people.] [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Lu T1 - Research on the Madman Image in Jin Yong’s Novel [论金庸小说中的疯癫形象 ], Master thesis, Chinese Modern and Contemporary Literature, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 当代著名武侠小说家金庸,在1955年到1972年创作了15部武侠小说,他的每一部武侠小说在华人世界中都深受欢迎,其作品之所以如此受读者喜爱,很大程度上在于作品中塑造的众多栩栩如生,脍炙人口,令人印象深刻的人物形象。在金庸小说中不仅有潇洒俊逸的英雄形象和为非作歹的坏人形象,还有众多个性鲜明、诙谐幽默、内涵丰富的疯癫形象,这些疯癫形象在金庸小说中占有独特的地位,他们的文学史价值丝毫不逊于金庸小说中英雄和坏人形象的价值。本文以金庸在小说中塑造的疯癫形象为研究对象,结合疯癫人物的生存环境及过往经历,运用弗洛伊德、弗洛姆、阿德勒等人的心理学理论,以及相关社会学理论分析人物疯癫的原因,从而对金庸武侠小说进行深入探讨,在给予金庸武侠小说恰当评价的基础上,分析出金庸笔下疯癫形象的文学史地位和独特的文学史价值,进而挖掘出金庸在创作这些人物形象时复杂的内心世界。本论文包括绪论、正文、结语三部分。绪论部分简要介绍了本文的研究缘起和金庸小说疯癫形象的研究现状。正文分为三章:第一章,介绍了>疯癫<一词的传统意义和它在各个学科中的学理意义,进而总结出本文所说的>疯癫<一词的意义。通过对古往今来在文学史上出现的有代表意义的疯癫形象进行追溯和分析,去探究金庸小说疯癫形象对此前疯癫形象的继承与发展,总结出金庸小说疯癫形象和俗文学及雅文学中疯癫形象的不同之处,在此基础上阐述本文选择金庸小说疯癫形象作为研究对象的原因。第二章,根据人物疯癫成因把金庸小说中的疯癫形象分为因爱情失意而疯癫、因沉迷复仇而疯癫、因痴迷权名利而疯癫以及无法探究原因的疯癫四类,通过对这四类疯癫形象疯癫的原因进行分析,看到了金庸笔下疯癫人物的可怜可恨之处,看到了疯癫人物的身不由己,看到了疯癫人物隐秘的内心世界,从而展示了通俗小说家金庸对人性深处的深入探究和对人物内心的深刻挖掘。第三章,借各方学者对金庸小说的评价准确定位金庸小说在文学史上的地位,通过对金庸小说中的疯癫形象与其他人物形象进行比较,总结出疯癫形象在金庸小说中的独特地位。最后在对金庸小说疯癫形象进行全面总结的基础上指出疯癫形象在审美、认识、娱乐方面的文学史价值。结语部分总结全文,重申疯癫形象在金庸小说中的独特性和重要性,指出金庸小说在文学史中的地位和价值。 N2 - Contemporary famous martial-arts novelist Jin Yong wrote fifteen novels about swordsmen from 1955 to 1972, his every martial arts novel is very familiar with Chinese, his work is so popular with readers largely due to many lifelike image and impressive figures. In Jin Yong’s novel there is not only elegance and handsome heroic image and evil and bad image, but also madman image with distinct personality, witty humor and rich connotation, the madman image occupies unique place in Jin Yong’s novels, its value is no worse than the value of the image of heroes and villains. This paper takes the madman image in Jin Yong’s novel as research object, combines with the madman’s living environment and life experience, use Freud’s, Fromm’s and Adler’s psychological theory, and the club is related to theory, the author analyzes the reasons why people become mad to explore Jin Yong’s martial arts novels. Based on proper evaluation to Jin Yong’s martial arts novels, the author analyzes the position and value of the madman image and unearthed Jin Yong’s complicated inner world in the process of creation. This thesis includes introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction part briefly introduces the research origin and current research status of madman image. The text is divided into three chapters: in the first chapter, the paper introduces traditional meaning of madness and its theoretical significance in various disciplines, and summarizes the meaning of >madness< Through analyzing and tracing the representative madman image in literature history, the author is to explore succession and development of the previous madman image, sum up the differences between madman image in Jin Yong’s novel and that in literature and elegant literature, and then expound the reason why to choose madman image from Jin Yong’s novels as the research object.– The second chapter, according to the mad reasons, madman image is divided into four kinds, mad for frustrated love, for revenge, for ambition and fame, for unknown cause. Through analyzing the reasons of four kinds of madness, the madman’s pity and disgust and their helplessness can be seen in the paper, and then Jin Yong’s talent of exploring human nature further and taping one’s inner world is shown.– The third chapter, through the scholars pinpoint to the evaluation of Jin Yong’s novels in the history of literature status, the madman image in Jin Yong’s novels is comprised to other characters, it sums up the unique position of the madman image in Jin Yong’s novel. Finally it points out the madman image’s the aesthetic value, cognitive value and entertainment value in literature history on the basis of the comprehensive summary of the madman image.– In conclusion part, the author reiterates uniqueness and importance of the madman image in Jin Yong’s novels and points out the status and value of Jin Yong’s novels in the history of literature. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yan, Xiaoming T1 - A Study on Alienation in >White Noise< by Don DeLillo [唐•德里罗《白噪音》中的异化研究], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - DeLillo)被认为是20世纪美国当代最杰出的小说家之一,总是被冠以>后现代派小说家<的头衔。自此书发表以来,虽然许多文学评论家都对这本书钟爱有加,但是从异化理论出发的研究为数不多。本文根据西方马克思异化理论以及当代马尔库塞和弗洛姆的异化理论,分别从消费,科技,环境,精神,家庭关系五个方面找出《白噪音》中的异化现象,分析由异化引发的后现代人们在日常生活,人类社会和自然环境中所面临的种种危机,并根据弗洛姆的理论提出了解决异化所带来问题的方案,即回归情感并树立理性的观念来消除异化,以期对当代个人、社会、自然的发展有借鉴意义。本文包括引言和结论共分六部分。第一章引言,分为三部分介绍,第一部分简要介绍了作家德里罗生平,主要作品及相关成就。第二部分为国内外对《白噪音》的相关论述研究及选作这篇论文的理论研究意义。第三部分为这篇论文的结构框架。第二章异化理论,共分为三部分,第一部分介绍异化,第二部分介绍了马克思异化理论的起源与发展,第三部分介绍继马克思之后当代异化理论的发展以及马尔库塞和弗洛姆的理论,从而为本论文的分析研究奠定了理论基础。第三章分别介绍了《白噪音》中几种不同的异化现象,分别是消费异化,科技异化,精神异化,关系异化,自然异化。第四章探讨了小说中异化所映出来的严重后果,主要分为对个人产生的危机,对社会和环境产生的危机两个大方面,具体体现在信任危机,身份危机,对死亡的恐惧,大众媒体的泛滥,环境的污染,表演性暴力,以及人们使用科技时的犹豫。第五章讨论如何走出异化的方案:第一,通过回归人心中的爱,去拯救个人,帮助个体摆脱个人危机;第二,通过建立正确的个人和社会价值导向,让人们有正确的观念特别是理性消费观,理性的环境观念,理性的生产观念,参与到全社会共同应对异化危机的活动中来。第六章结论总结本研究的主要观点。本文根据异化理论,让人们认识到异化现象的普遍存在和异化所带来的一切问题和危机,给出人们走出异化的方法和建议,促进人、社会、自然的可持续发展。 N2 - Don DeLillo (1936-) is considered as one of the most prominent novelists in the twentieth century of America and has always been dubbed as the >postmodern novelist< title. >White Noise< was published in 1985, which is known as the most representative work of American postmodern literature, and wins the National Book Award in the USA. Since the publication of White Noise, a number of scholars and experts began to interpret this novel from different perspectives, but few analyze it from the alienation view. Based on the alienation theories of Marx, Marcuse and Fromm, five alienation phenomena can be found in White Noise, which show that the alienation is common in our life, society and in nature. The alienation phenomena is so common that they push us to analyze the consequences and crises that haunt post-modern and contemporary people, and our society, which includes several aspects, including the trust crisis, the identity crisis, the fear of death, the spread of the mass media,the environment pollution, the violence for performance purpose, and the hesitance for technology. Last but not the least, we propose the solution. Two ways to solve the alienation crises that are discussed in the thesis, establishing the correct value and getting back to love-with the hope that those two solutions could be helpful for the healthy development of humans, society and nature. This thesis consists of 6 chapters. Chapter One is introduction which is divided into 3 parts: first, it introduces Don DeLillo and White Noise; second, it is about the Literature Review on White Noise and the significance of studies; third, the organization of the thesis.– Chapter Two is the theoretical foundations including 3 parts: first is the introduction to alienation; second part is Marx’s alienation theory; the third part is the introduction to modern alienation theories.– Chapter Three is the alienation phenomena in White Noise including consumption alienation, technology alienation, the mental alienation, and the nature alienation.– Chapter Four is the consequences of alienation inducing: first, the crises of humans which consist of the relation crisis, the trust crisis, the identity crisis; second, the social and natural crises which consist of the side effects of mass media, the environment pollution, the violence for performance purpose and the hesitance for technology.– Chapter Five is about the solutions to alienation including: first, returning back to love which includes friends’ love, parental love, affectionate love and self love; second, establishing a rational guidance to value which is made up of developing a rational lifestyle by consumption and leading green and ecological ways of living and producing.– Chapter Six is the conclusion which summarizes the main points of the thesis. Based on the alienation theories, we analyze the alienation phenomena and consequences of alienation, and propose solutions to make a little contribution to the healthy development of humans, society and nature.] [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xu, Mei T1 - >True-self< in Return under the >None-self< Circumstances – A Study on the Subject of Misery in Coleen McCullough's Novels [>非我<境遇下的>真我<返归 – 考琳•麦卡洛小说中的苦难主题研究], Doctoral dissertation, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, Hubei, China 2013 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 考琳•麦卡洛(Colleen McCullough,1937.6-2015.1)曾被誉为>澳大利亚活着的国宝<,是澳大利亚当代最具影响力的作家之一。从其对个人创伤性成长经历的感悟及其作品表达的共同主题来看,考琳•麦卡洛是一位悲苦意识浓重的作家。灰暗的童年、窘迫的经济状况、作为女性被边缘化的处境、澳大利亚的民族苦难、二次世界大战和冷战的阴影等,都让考琳•麦卡洛在小说创作过程中无法忽视对苦难的关注。她作品中的人物普遍面临各种困境,备受>非我<之痛。由于考琳•麦卡洛对苦难的书写整合了个体家庭创伤、社会文化创伤和民族创伤,因此,其作品中的苦难具有一定的代表性,对考琳•麦卡洛小说中的苦难主题进行研究,具有较高的思想价值和较强的现实意义。论文采用文本细读和理论阐释相结合的方法,使用创伤理论、艾里希•弗洛姆关于爱和自我寻求的理论、拉康的镜像论、福柯关于凝视的论述、悲剧净化说等,对考琳•麦卡洛小说中的苦难主题进行多角度、全方位的研究,发掘考琳•麦卡洛的小说对苦难书写所具有的社会学价值和艺术审美价值。论文分为绪论、正文、结语三个模块。绪论部分主要对考琳•麦卡洛其人、其作和对其作品的研究现状进行了概述,阐明了论文的选题依据、研究方法、研究内容和主要创新点等。正文部分由第2至第7章组成,按照>经历苦难<、>呈现苦难<、>追问苦难<、>直面苦难<、>超越苦难<、>审视苦难<的顺序,采用层层递进的方式,分析了考琳•麦卡洛的创伤性体验与苦难书写的关系及其苦难意识的特点,剖析了考琳•麦卡洛小说中的>非我<境遇及>非我<之痛,探讨了考琳•麦卡洛对苦难根源进行的追问及其价值,探析了考琳•麦卡洛对苦难中的拯救问题的思考及现实意义,审视了考琳•麦卡洛作品中呈现出的>真我返归<理想及其中蕴含的人文情怀,挖掘了考琳•麦卡洛小说关于苦难书写的审美价值。结语部分对论文整体写作情况进行总结,阐明了论文写作的创新点和意义所在,指出了论文写作存在的不足和有待提升的空间。 N2 - Colleen McCullough (1937.6-2015.1), praised as >the living national treasure of Australia<, is one of the most influential writers in contemporary Australia. Colleen McCullough is a writer with misery consciousness, which can be seen from her individual apperception on growing up with traumatic experience and the common theme in her novels. All these such as gloomy childhood, distress of economy, marginalized position as a woman, national suffering of Australia, the shadow of two world wars and the cold war make it impossible for Colleen McCullough to ignore the sufferings in the process of her novel creation. The characters in her novels generally face various difficulties, and bear the pain of >none-self<. Colleen McCullough takes an integration of the individual family trauma, social culture trauma and national trauma in her suffering writing, therefore the suffering of her novels has certain representativeness. Study on the suffering theme of her novels has high ideological value and strong practical significance. Adopting the method of combination of text close reading and theoretical explanation, and adopting the theory of trauma, Erich Fromm’s theory about love and self seeking, Lacan’s theory of mirror phase, Foucault’s discussion about gaze, and the doctrine of tragedy purification, the thesis has studied the suffering theme of Colleen McCullough’s novels with a full range of research on multi angles. Sociology value and aesthetic value of art about the suffering writing in Colleen McCullough’s novels has been explored. The thesis is divided into three modules of introduction, body and conclusion. The introduction mainly summarizes Colleen McCullough herself, her novels and the research status of her novels, and illuminates selected topic basis of the paper, research methods, research contents and main innovation points, etc. The body part is composed of chapter 2 to 7 in the order of >undergoing suffering<, >presenting suffering<, >questioning suffering<, >facing suffering<, >surmounting suffering<, >surveying suffering<. With the method of progressive transformation, the relationship between Colleen McCullough’s traumatic experience and suffering writing and the characteristics of the suffering consciousness has been analyzed, and >none-self< situation and >none-self< pain of Colleen McCullough’s novels has been dissected, and >non-self<, and Colleen McCullough’s mining of suffering root and her uniqueness has been discussed, and Colleen McCullough’s thinking about the questions of suffering saving and its practical significance has been explored, and ideality of >true-self in return< presenting in Colleen McCullough’s novels and its humanistic feelings has been surveyed, and the aesthetic value of suffering writing in Colleen McCullough’s novels has been excavated. The conclusion summarizes the overall situation of the thesis, illustrates the innovation points and significance, and points out the deficiencies in thesis writing and the space for improvement.] [Author's translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Caiyan T1 - The Way to A Sane Society – An Interpretation of Chopin's Humanistic Concern [走向健全的社会 - 肖邦的人文关怀阐释], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 凯特•肖邦是美国文学史上最受争议的作家之一。由于她的代表作《觉醒》(1899)和小说《过错》(1890),人们认为肖邦是女性主义作家,而她的短篇小说又使她成为极具>地方色彩<的作家。肖邦的短篇小说大多收集在《牛轭胡的人们》(1894)和《在阿卡迪的一夜》(1897)这两本小说集里。这些故事大多以路易斯安那州的纳基托什教区为背景,重现了卡津人和克里奥尔人的生活方式,并从多方面描写了十九世纪的美国社会。本文从女性主义视角分析了肖邦小说对传统社会伦理的颠覆及其对女性境遇的思考,并用弗洛姆的>健全社会<理论探讨了肖邦构建和谐社会的构想。肖邦在她的小说中对十九世纪人的生存境遇进行了多方面的思考。她认为,在当时社会存在着许多问题,比如性别歧视、种族歧视、抚养子女问题、养老问题等等,这些社会问题在一定程度上造成了人的>异化<。凯特肖邦将这些>异化<问题的原因主要归结为爱的缺失以及不良文化的影响。因此,她的救济之方便是通过倡导爱来消除异化,通过>创造性倾向<以构建和谐社会。本文试图用女性主义和弗洛姆的>健全社会<理论从以上方面分析凯特肖邦的作品,以期提供解读肖邦作品的一个新视角。肖邦对十九世纪女性的境遇给与了很多关注。本论文通过分析一些女性角色,如《觉醒》中的艾德娜和阿黛尔展示社会对女性的异化;在《德西雷的婴孩》中作者阐释了黑人和白人的异化,并指出他们都是种族歧视的受害者。在《过错》和《萨宾人》中肖邦也展示了不同信仰者之间出现的异化现象。同时,肖邦还分析了导致异化的原因,即:经济的发展、传统文化的影响和爱的缺失。在揭露这些异化的同时,肖邦的作品还对和谐社会的构建进行了思考。在《觉醒》、《牛轭湖的那边》和《阿西比阿德的归来》中传达出肖邦通过爱来消除异化的思想。在《爱森内斯》、《如梦初醒》、《爱在布迪厄》和《遗产》中,肖邦表达了通过创造一种新的人际关系以达到夫妻和谐、父母与子女和谐以及种族和谐的希望。文章最后得出结论:肖邦的作品不仅表达了她对人的异化问题较为深入的思考,而且也表达了她对于构建健全社会的愿望和探索。 N2 - Kate Chopin, one of the most controversial writers in American literature, was regarded as a feminist writer because of her masterpiece >The Awakening< (1899) and her novel >At Fault< (1890). Her short stories also made her become an important writer of local color fiction and most of her short stories were collected in >Bayou Folk< (1894) and >A Night in Acadie< (1897). Setting in the Natchitoches parish of Louisiana, Chopin reproduces the lifestyles of Cajuns and Creoles. There are many wonderful stories in her collections, which depict the American society in the nineteenth century from many aspects. From the feminist perspective, the thesis analyzes Chopin’s subversion to the traditional society and her concern for women’s living conditions. Fromm’s theory provides the basic standpoint for the exploration of Chopin’s constructive expectations to a harmonious society. In her works, Chopin believes that there are many problems in the society, such as gender bias, racial discrimination, children-rearing and the pension issue, which cause people’s alienation. Chopin thinks that the alienation between people is caused by the development of economics, the influence of traditional culture and the absence of love. Therefore, Chopin advocates to eliminate alienation through love and to create a harmonious relationship through productive orientation. Under the guidance of feminism and Fromm’s thoughts in The Sane Society, this paper analyzes Chopin’s works from the aspects mentioned above and gives the readers a new perspective to understand them. Chopin cares much about the women’s condition in the 19th century. The thesis analyzes the characters of Edna and Adele in her novel The Awakening to show woman’s alienation in her times. In >Desiree’s Baby< Chopin illustrates that both of the black and the white are alienated and they are the victims of racial discrimination. Chopin also expresses the alienation among different religious believers in At Fault and her short stories >In Sabine<. In Chopin’s opinion, the reasons why people are alienated are the influence of economic development, conventional culture and the absence of love. Chopin’s works also illustrate her desire for a harmonious society. In The Awakening, >Beyond the Bayou< and >The Return of Alcibiade<, she hopes to eliminate alienation through love. Besides, through creating a new relationship between husband and wife in >Athenaise<, getting a harmonious relationship in >A Rude Awakening< and >Dead Men’s Shoes< and creating a harmonious relationship between different religious believers in >Love on the Bon-Dieu<, Chopin advocates to eliminate alienation through productive orientation. This paper concludes that Chopin’s works not only show her comprehensively thought to the alienation but also express her exploration to construct a harmonious society. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Quin, Boyao T1 - The Status and Role of Feuerbach Philosophy in Marx’s Thought Forming Process [费尔巴哈哲学在马克思思想形成过程中的地位与作用], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2015. N2 - 在德国古典理性哲学一统天下的时期,费尔巴哈率先举起了感性的大旗,费尔巴哈的哲学思想对当时的整个德国理论界都产生了极其重大的影响,马克思身处这样的时代背景之下,不可避免地会受到费尔巴哈哲学思想的影响。也正是在这一点上,学界达成了一种共识,在研究早期马克思新世界观的形成发展时无论如何也避不开费尔巴哈。今天我们若想深入地研究分析马克思哲学的革命性变革和当代意义,费尔巴哈就再一次成为我们研究关注的焦点。本文以费尔巴哈与马克思的关系为切入点,跟随思想史的进程考察费尔巴哈在马克思思想形成过程中的具体影响,并分析造成这种影响的原因,中肯地评估费尔巴哈哲学的历史贡献,澄清学术界关于马克思与费尔巴哈关系的误解,并在此基础上揭示费尔巴哈哲学的根本限度,深入全面的剖析马克思对费尔巴哈的内在超越,从而彰显马克思哲学革命的当代意义。这一主题思想通过以下几部分内容得以开展:第一章,介绍分析学术界关于费尔巴哈与马克思思想关系的几种观点。主要包括费尔巴哈阶段论、无关论及中间环节论。深入分析费尔巴哈阶段论的两种模式:一是以费尔巴哈为唯物主义立场导向来阐释马克思哲学,将马克思新世界观哲学基础追溯到费尔巴哈哲学,即一般唯物主义。二是以费尔巴哈人本主义为立场导向来阐释马克思哲学。但是依据人本主义化的程度和范围不同,在这里又存在两种倾向:一是以弗洛姆等人为代表将马克思哲学全部人本主义化,二是以阿尔都塞为代表将青年马克思哲学人本主义化,或者说把马克思哲学部分人本主义化。与费尔巴哈阶段论相反,费尔巴哈无关论认为在马克思新世界观创立时期,费尔巴哈对马克思的影响作用微乎其微,甚至可以忽略。中间环节论者认为在马克思新世界观的形成和发展过程中,费尔巴哈的唯物主义思想或人本主义思想起到了中间环节的作用。通过解析目前学术界研究现状,文章揭示了以上几种观点的理论实质,说明了重新解读费尔巴哈哲学、马克思哲学以及二者之间关系的必要性。第二章,本文分别以青年马克思和费尔巴哈两人的思想发展脉络为线索,以此分析费尔巴哈对青年马克思产生影响的可能性,进而揭示费尔巴哈哲学在马克思哲学视域中真正出场的必然性。并从费尔巴哈哲学特定的术语范畴和方法论范畴两个层面,深入分析费尔巴哈哲学对马克思新世界观形成时期的影响。尽管费尔巴哈在批判抽象思辨理性的斗争中作出了巨大贡献,他的>现实的人<这一哲学立场对马克思产生了巨大影响,但是在马克思新世界观形成发展过程中并不存在一个纯粹的费尔巴哈阶段。因为二者对这一哲学基点的把握有着本初不同的理解。第三章,本文从二者关于>感性对象性原则<的不同思维反思方式出发,研究分析二者最初的理论差别。随着>直观<与>活动<这种本源性的差别不断深化,马克思对黑格尔辩证法的批判作出了重新估量,并对费尔巴哈宗教异化问题进行了升华。从二人最初的理论差别及其扩展,到马克思思想实现对费尔巴哈理论限度的实质性突破,从最初的怀疑不满到全面的批判与清算,直至成熟形态的新世界观的形成,马克思对费尔巴哈的批判经历了一个复杂渐进的发展过程。通过对费尔巴哈哲学的全面批判清算,在原则性高度上对实践纲领的明确提出,马克思实现了对一切旧哲学的超越。结论,深入剖析费尔巴哈从批判抽象思辨开始却最终复归于形而上学的原因,揭示马克思哲学思想的革命性超越与恒久性价值。费尔巴哈由于其哲学根本性限度致使他最终还是未能摆脱抽象理性命运的束缚,而马克思哲学之所以被称之为革命性变革就在于他消除了自我意识的内在性,瓦解了由自我意识发展建立起来的>我思<这一基本建制,从而在存在论根基处摧毁了全部形而上学。 N2 - In the classical German philosophy unified rational period, Feuerbach first raised the banner of sensibility, Feuerbach’s philosophy has a great effect on the whole theorists in Germany, Marx was under the cultural background of the provisions of this era, will inevitably be affected by the influence of Feuerbach’s philosophy. Based on the relationship between Feuerbach and Marx as the breakthrough point, follow the history of thought of Feuerbach formed the specific impact of the process in the course of Marx thought, and analyzes the causes of the influence of the historical contribution of Feuerbach philosophy, to clarify the academic assessment, in Marx and Feuerbach’s misunderstanding between, and on this basis to reveal the fundamental limits the philosophy of Feuerbach, Marx, Feuerbach thoroughly on the Inherent Transcendence, which highlight the contemporary significance of Marx’s philosophical revolution. This theme has been carried out by the following parts: The first chapter, introduction of several academic point of view on the analysis of the relationship between Feuerbach and Marx. Mainly include the independent and the intermediate links, Feuerbach stage theory. Analysis of two kinds of mode of Feuerbach stage theory: one is the Feuerbach materialism oriented to explain the philosophy of Marx, the new world outlook philosophy foundation dates back to Feuerbach’s philosophy, namely the general materialism. The one to Feuerbach’s humanism oriented to explain Marx’s philosophy standpoint. But according to the degree and range of humanism, here there are two tendencies: first is represented by Fromm and others to Marx the whole philosophy of humanism, the two is represented by Althusser, the young Marx ’Philosophical Humanism, or that Marx’s philosophy of humanism. Contrary to Feuerbach’s stage theory, Feuerbach theory in Marx’s new world view creation period, very little of Feuerbach’s influence on Marx, even could be neglected. The intermediate links of the formation and development process of Marx in the new world outlook, Feuerbach’s materialism and humanism plays an intermediate role. Through the analysis of the current research status, this paper reveals the essence of the theory above point of view, the understanding of the objective needs of the relationship between Feuerbach philosophy, Marx philosophy as well as the second. The second chapter, this paper respectively from different angle of view of young Marx and Feuerbach two people, through the analysis of the influence of Feuerbach on the possibility of the young Marx, in order to reveal the inevitability of Feuerbach’s philosophy in the perspective of the real appearance of the philosophy of Marx. And on the second levels of category from the terminology and methods of Feuerbach philosophy in particular, in-depth analysis of the impact of Feuerbach philosophy on Marx’s new world view of the formation period. Although Feuerbach made a great contribution to the criticism of abstract speculative reason in the struggle, his real man this philosophical position has great influence on Marx, a pure Feuerbach stage does not exist but in Marx’s new world view in the process of ideological formation and development. Because of the different understanding of the original two of the philosophical basis of the master. The third chapter, from the reflection on the principles of perceptual objects of different thinking, research and analysis of two different initial theories. With the >intuitive< and >play< the origin of the difference of deepening, Marx criticized the dialectic of Hegel made to measure, and the Feuerbach religious alienation of sublimation and development. From the initial two theoretical differences and expand, to achieve substantial breakthroughs of Marx thought Feuerbach theory limit, from the initial suspicion of discontent to criticism and liquidation of comprehensive, until the mature form of the new view of the world, Marx’s critique of Feuerbach has experienced a complex evolutionary development process. Through a comprehensive critique of Feuerbach’s philosophy of liquidation, in the principle of practice platform height made it clear that Marx transcends all the old philosophy. Conclusion, in-depth analysis of Feuerbach but eventually returned to the metaphysical reason from the criticism of abstract thinking, the revolutionary and the permanent value of Marx’s philosophical thought. Because of the limit of Feuerbach philosophy which bound him eventually failed to get rid of the fate of the abstract and rational, and the philosophy of Marx is known as the revolutionary change lies in the fact that he eliminates the inherent sense of self, the collapse of the self consciousness development established the >I think< which is one of the basic system, resulting in the ontological foundation destroy all metaphysics.] [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER -