TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Lei T1 - Fromm’s >Love< Theory [弗洛姆>爱<的理论述评] JF - Journal of Social Science of Hunan Medical University [湖南医科大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 6 (2009), pp. 1-3. N2 - 异化和爱是弗洛姆人本主义思想的三个基本问题,而爱的理论则是弗洛姆人本主义思想的重要内容和归宿。弗洛姆把>爱<看成是消除和克服人的异化,医治资本主义社会病态的>灵丹妙药<。考察和分析弗洛姆关于爱的根源、爱的本质、爱的要素和爱的能力等思想,我们不难发现:一方面,弗洛姆>爱<的理论中包含着合理的成分,其中有可资借鉴的价值;另一方面,这一理论又是不切实际的,具有抽象性和阶级局限性。 N2 - Human nature, alienation, and love is the ideology of Fromm three basic questions, and the theory of love is the important content of the ideology of Fromm and destination. Fromm >love< as eliminate and overcome the alienation of the people, to heal the sick capitalist society >panacea<. Thinking of the investigation and analysis of the root causes of Fromm about love, the nature of love, and the ability of the elements of love and love, we can easily find: on the one hand, reasonable ingredients Fromm, >love< theory, which can learn value; On the other hand, this theory is unrealistic, abstract and class limitations. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Lei T1 - Human Nature – Alienation – Love. On Fromm's Ideology three Basis Questions [人性•异化•爱 - 论弗洛姆人本主义思想的三个基本问题], Master thesis, Foreign Philosophy, Party School of the CPC Central Committee, China 2003, 34 pp. N2 - Among the contemporary western thinkers, Erich Fromm, called humanitarian social philosopher, was well known for his humanitarianism. One of the bright features of his humanitarian theory is that he tried to colligate Freudianism and Marxism, which differ greatly from each other. Also, he joined psycho¬analysis of depth psychology and social animadvert, on the basis of which established an integrate humanitarian theoretical system. With this system, Fromm disclosed the contradiction and crisis of capitalism, criticized the abuse of modern capitalist society, namely, he took humanitarianism as an effective means to solve the social problems in modern capitalist society. Fromm’s humanitarian theory has a far-ranging and profound influence in western society as well as across the world. In recent years, study on Fromm’s humanitarian theory has been conducted in China’s academic field, and some research fruits have been harvested. However, some shortcomings still remain on the study of Fromm’s humanitarian thoughts. These shortcomings mainly lie in that systematic study lacks on the key questions of his humanitarianism and on the internal relations between these questions. Therefore, as far as these facts are concerned, this article, on the basis of original works by Fromm, mainly reviews and discusses three questions on Fromm’s humanitarian theory, which are Fromm’s theory on human nature, his theory on dissimilation and his >love< theory. According to this article’s opinion, his human nature theory is the base and starting point of his humanitarianism, his dissimilation theory is the deepness and outspread of his human nature theory, which is the score of his humanitarianism, and his love theory is the crest and end-result of his humanitarianism. This article consists of three parts.– The first part mainly reviews Fromm’s human nature theory. According to this article, Fromm’s angle to probe into human nature is particular, that is to say, he reviewed human nature on the basis of study of human >existential dichotomy<, holding that human nature lies in his connatural existential contradictions. Then, this article in detail reviews and analyzes Fromm’s opinions on human >existential dichotomy<, opinions on the making and kind of human needs and opinions on human >social character< and its functions. This article also evaluates these opinions by indicating their reasonable factors and narrating their differences from Marxism.– The second part mostly sees about Fromm’s dissimilation theory. This article first reviews and shows how Fromm >explained< and distorted Marx’s theory on dissimilation. Then, contrary to some false opinions on Fromm’s dissimilation theory, this article holds that although Fromm distorted Marx’s dissimilation theory, compared with other Freudian Marxists, Fromm had more valuable opinions. This mainly lies in that on the basis of his human nature theory, he deeply disclosed and criticized dissimilation phenomena in capitalist society. Meanwhile, this article indicates Fromm’s limitations in analyzing and criticizing capitalist dissimilation.– The third part mainly reviews and discusses Fromm’s love theory. Against the academic tendency to ignore Fromm’s love theory, this article holds that his love theory is the score and end-result of his humanitarianism. He looks on >love< as an effective medicine to dispel human dissimilation and to cure capitalist morbidity. Thus, to master Fromm’s humanitarian ethics, one must study his love theory. According to this opinion, this article separately reviews and analyses some questions raised by Fromm on the origin, essence and factors of love, and the relations between self-love and love for others, between self-love and selfishness. On one hand, this article affirms the reasonable factors in Fromm’s love theory, analyses its value of reference. On the other hand, this article indicates Fromm’s theory’s negative meanings and its abstractness. N2 - 在当代西方思想家当中,埃里希•弗洛姆(Erich Fromm, 1900—1980)是以人本主义而著称的,被称为>人本主义社会哲学家<。弗洛姆人本主义理论的一个鲜明特色,就是他力图把弗洛伊德主义和马克思主义这两种截然不同的学说>结合<起来,并把精神分析学的心理分析和人道主义的社会批判揉和在一起,创立了一个完整的人本主义理论体系。弗洛姆正是用这种人本主义理论,去揭露现代资本主义社会的矛盾和危机,批判现代资本主义社会的弊病,即把人道主义作为解决现代资本主义社会问题的有效手段。弗洛姆的人本主义理论不仅在西方,而且在整个世界都有广泛而深刻的影响。近年来,我国学术界开始对弗洛姆的人本主义理论展开了研究,并取得了一些成果。但是,在对弗洛姆人本主义思想的研究方面,还存在着一些不足之处,这主要表现在对他的人本主义所涉及的主要问题,特别是它们之间的内在联系,还缺乏系统的研究。有鉴于此,本文在阅读弗洛姆的原著的基础上,着重考察和探讨弗洛姆人本主义理论的三个主要问题,即人性论、异化理论和>爱<的理论。本文认为,人性论是弗洛姆人本主义思想的基础和出发点;异化理论是他的人性论的进一步深化和展开,是他的人本主义思想的主要内容;而>爱<的理论则是他的人本主义思想的顶峰和归宿,也是他的人本主义伦理学的核心。本文分为三个部分:第一部分,着重考察弗洛姆的人性论。本文认为,弗洛姆探讨人的本性的角度是独特的,即从人的>生存两岐<的境遇出发去考察人的本性,把人的本质看作是存在于人的生存所固有的矛盾之中。接着,本文详细地考察和分析了弗洛姆关于人的>生存两岐<,关于人的需要的产生和种类,关于人的>社会性格<及其作用等观点;并对他的这些观点作了恰当的评价,既指出了其中所包含的合理因素,也说明了它与马克思主义的区别。第二部分,着重考察弗洛姆的异化理论。本文首先考察和说明了弗洛姆是如何>解释<和歪曲马克思的异化理论的。接着,针对学术界在弗洛姆的异化问题上的一些偏颇观点,本文指出,弗洛姆尽管对马克思的异化理论作了歪曲的解释,但与其他弗洛伊德式的马克思主义者相比,弗洛姆的观点具有更多值得借鉴的地方。这主要表现在,他从人性论出发,深刻地揭露和批判了资本主义社会的异化现象。同时,本文也指出了弗洛姆对资本主义社会中异化现象的分析和批判的根本缺陷。第三部分,主要考察和论述弗洛姆的>爱<的理论。针对学术界忽视弗洛姆>爱<的理论的倾向,本文认为,>爱<的理论是弗洛姆人本主义的重要内容和归宿。他把>爱<看成是消除和克服人的异化,医治资本主义社会病态的>灵丹妙药<。因此,要把握弗洛姆的人道主义伦理学,就必须研究他的>爱<的理论。基于这种认识,在这个基础上,本文分别详细考察和分析了弗洛姆关于爱的根源、爱的本质和要素,自爱和爱他、自爱和自私的关系等问题。与此同时,本文一方面肯定了弗洛姆>爱<的理论中所包含的合理的成分,分析了其中可以借鉴的价值;另一方面,又指出了这一理论的消极意义和抽象性。 Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Lei T1 - Study on the Loneliness in Shinichi Hoshi’s Previous Work [论星新一前期作品中的孤独主题], Master thesis, Japanese Language and Literature, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2013. [application of Fromm's theories to art] N2 - 星新一是日本近现代著名科幻小说家。他最为突出的成就就是在日本文坛开创了微型科幻小说这一文学领域。从他的众多作品中可以很明显地看出其对战后日本高度资本主义社会的批判意识。本论文采用社会心理学家弗洛姆的孤独理论,对星新一风格尖锐的前期作品集『世界SF全集28星新一作品100』中的孤独主题进行了分析,并结合作品的社会背景和作者的个人经历,探究了其前期作品中孤独主题产生的根源。本论主要从人与自我,人与社会,人与自然三个方面对星新一前期作品中的孤独主题进行了分析。指出了作品中人们对金钱、名声等的热衷追求,无止境的消费欲望,对社会的消极顺应,幻想以及虐待等行为倾向都是对自由的消极逃避。而各种消极逃避行为均源于人们无法忍受的孤独感。但是这种消极逃避不仅削弱人的自我意识,加深孤独感,而且使人与人的关系变得疏远、不信任,进而导致了一般社会联系的消失。最后这种消极逃避导致人与自然的关系的疏离,人们陷入整体的生存危机感当中。对孤独主题产生根源主要从作品的社会背景以及星新一独特的经历两个方面进行了分析。首先通过对作品社会背景的分析,了解到战后日本社会物质生产与精神创造失调,人们陷入一种空虚与孤独感当中这一现实。因此判明了星新一前期作品中的孤独主题实际上是当时社会人们精神状态的真实反映。其次通过对星新一受家庭影响形成的内向的性格,日本二战战败后目标的迷失,父亲去世后接手星制药公司这一时期的苦恼以及进入文坛后世人对其作品的不理解等坎坷经历的分析,探明了星新一前期作品中的孤独主题也是其内心孤独情感的真实写照。通过对星新一前期作品中孤独主题的深入研究与分析,有助于我们更好的了解星新一的孤独感和他的作品,以及更好的理解日本人和日本社会的各种现象。 N2 - Xing Xinyi is a famous science fiction writer in Modern Japan. His most prominent achievement was pioneered in Japan in the field of literature literary miniature science fiction. You can clearly see their critical awareness of postwar Japan highly capitalist society from his many works. This paper uses the theory of social psychologist Erich Fromm lonely, sharp style of Xing Xinyi pre Portfolio >World SF 28 Xing Xinyi Complete Works 100< on the theme of loneliness were analyzed and combined work and social background the author's personal experience, to explore the roots of his early works, the theme of loneliness generated. - The theory is mainly from people with self, man and society, man and nature Xing Xinyi preliminary work on three aspects of the theme of loneliness were analyzed. It pointed out the works of money, fame, etc. keen pursuit of the endless desire for consumption, the negative response to the social, fantasy and abusive behavior, such as the negative tendency is to escape to freedom. And all sorts of negative be-havior to escape from the loneliness of people are unbearable. But this negative escape only weakened people's self-awareness, deepen loneliness, but also the relationships between people become alienated, mistrust, which led to the disappearance of general social contact. Finally, this leads to alienation escape negative relationship between man and nature, people caught in them a sense of overall survival crisis. The main theme of the root causes of loneliness from social background work and Xing Xinyi unique experience both aspects of the analysis. First, through the analysis of the social background of the work, learned postwar Japanese society to create material production and spiritual disorders, among a people into the reality of emptiness and loneliness. - Thus became clear early works Xing Xinyi loneliness theme is actually a true reflection of society at that time people's mental states. Followed by families affected by Xing Xingyi formed introverted personality, lost after the defeat of Japan in World War II targets, taking over after the death of his father Star distress pharmaceutical companies during this period and into the literary works of the world does not understand their frustrations experienced etc. analysis proved the Xing Xingyi early works also true portrayal of loneliness theme of their inner feelings of loneliness. Early work by Xing Xinyi lonely topics in depth research and analysis, to help us better understand Xing Xinyi loneliness and his works, as well as a better understanding of the Japanese and the Japanese Society of various phenomena. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2013 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Lei A1 - Liu, Chuanguang A1 - Luo, Wei T1 - The Ecological Implications of Fromm’s Humanistic Ethical Thinking [弗洛姆人道主义伦理思想的生态意蕴] JF - Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology (Social Sciences Edition) [重庆科技学院学报(社会科学版)], No. 6 (2010), pp. 39-41. N2 - 21世纪以来,环境恶化、能源危机、生态破坏加剧,人类面临着前所未有的生存和发展难题。为此,学界形成了>人类中心主义<和>非人类中心主义<之争,并倾向于对>人类中心主义<作了深刻批判。追根溯源,人类中心主义其实与人道主义有着很深渊源,甚至被指生态危机产生的人性根基就是人道主义,是以人的目的要求的秩序取代了本然的自然秩序。无论>人道主义<还是>自然主义<,它们本身并没有根本的对立,从某种角度说,人道主义自身就蕴藏着很强的生态意蕴。 N2 - 21st century, environmental degradation, energy crisis, exacerbated by ecological destruction, mankind is faced with unprecedented survival and development challenges. To this end, scholars formed the contention of the >anthropocentrism< and >non-human centered< and tend to >anthropocentrism< made a profound criticism. Traced anthropocentrism in fact has a deep origin and humanitarian. the foundation of humanity even accused of the ecological crisis is humanitarian, is the purpose of the requirements of the order will replace the Inherent natural order regardless of the >humanitarian< or >naturalism< of their own and there is no fundamental opposition, said that in some ways, the humanitarian itself bears a strong ecological implication. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2010 ER -