TY - BOOK A1 - Schönefeld, Marcel T1 - Gefühls(leben). Wie sollte ich sein oder wer bin ich wirklich. Typecript, Berlin 2014, 151 pp. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schöbet, Stefan T1 - Jürgen Kuczynski: ›Die Erziehung des J.K. zum Kommunisten und Wissenschaftler‹ JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 151-164. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwan, Gesine T1 - Taugt Erich Fromm heute für die politische Praxis? Erich Fromm Lecture 2013 JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 18 / 2014, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 85-90. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d18/2014v Y1 - 2014 VL - d18/2014v ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schröter, Michael T1 - Vor der Schwelle zum Lehrinstitut, oder: Zwischen lokaler Selbstbehauptung und zentralistischer Unterordnung. Karl Landauer und das alte Frankfurter Psychoanalytische Institut JF - Psyche, Vol. 68 (2014), pp. 122–161. N2 - Nach 1918 setzte sich in der deutschen Psychoanalyse ein nationalzentralistisches Organisationsprinzip durch – gegen die Option, eine zweite süddeutsche Vereinigung neben der Berliner Gruppe (ab 1926 DPG) zu schaffen. Berlin erlangte in der Freud-Schule die Zuständigkeit für ganz Deutschland. Andere Gruppen wurden der DPG als »Arbeitsgemeinschaften« zugeordnet; lokale Kandidaten mussten einen Aufnahmevortrag in Berlin halten. Die damit gestiftete Spannung trat vor allem gegenüber der Frankfurter/Südwestdeutschen Arbeitsgemeinschaft hervor, die 1926 maßgeblich von Karl Landauer gegründet wurde. Sie war mit zuletzt 4–5 fertigen Analytikern die größte Gruppe in Deutschland außerhalb Berlins. Landauer, in Wien geschult und ab 1925 Mitglied in Berlin, führte einige Lehranalysen durch, im Rahmen der Berliner Vorschriften. Aber kein Frankfurter Kandidat schaffte die Aufnahme in die DPG ohne Nachausbildung in Berlin; Erich Fromm fiel zweimal mit Probevorträgen durch. S.H. Fuchs, 1928–1930 in Wien ausgebildet, wehrte sich gegen dieses Aufnahmeverfahren. Als Landauer 1929, bedrängt von Heinrich Meng, das Frankfurter Institut schuf, betonten beide, dass sie keine Ausbildung beabsichtigten. Das war nur die kurzfristige Wahrheit. Die Ambivalenz eines Instituts, das seine Ambitionen zunächst verdunkelte, ist für die Frankfurter Psychoanalyse ebenso kennzeichnend wie ihre Nähe zur akademischen Welt, insbesondere zur Soziologie (M. Horkheimer, N. Elias). – Die vorliegende Arbeit verwertet erstmals zahlreiche Stücke aus der Korrespondenz zwischen Landauer und Max Eitingon. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Frauke T1 - Religionskritik und Religionsverständnis bei Erich Fromm, Prüfungsarbeit, Univer¬sität Oldenburg, Oldenburg 1983, 118 pp. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schmid, Daniela T1 - Freud oder Fromm? Die Perestroika ist nah! JF - Aufbruch, ed. by GPZ Ueberlingen, Überlingen 2014 (Sommerausgabe), pp. 26-29. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schlaudt, Oliver T1 - Margarete Turnowsky-Pinner: ›Eine Studienfreundschaft mit Ernst Toller‹ JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 359-376. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Scheidle, Ilona T1 - ›Eine Folge der gegen Frauen errichteten Schranken‹ Marie Baum (1874 – 1964) JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 27-44. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaeffer, Katharina T1 - Überlegungen zum Konsum in >Konsum und Schmerz< von John Berger sowie >Haben oder Sein< von Erich Fromm, Studienarbeit, Fachbereich Kunst – Allgemeines, Kunsttheorie, Alanus Hochschule für Kunst und Gesellschaft in Alfter, Grin Verlag 2014, 39 pp. N2 - Die Thematik des Konsums ist eine, die mich persönlich interessiert und immer wieder beschäftigt. Im Zuge des Seminars >Kunst und Gesellschaft, Ästhetik und Ethik bei John Berger< befassten wir uns ebenfalls mit Konsum, was mich dazu verleitete, diese Hausarbeit zu verfassen. Dabei werden neben John Berger verschiedene Autoren sowie deren Auseinandersetzung mit und Sichtweise auf den Konsum untersucht. Es handelt sich bei ihnen um die Werbe-Experten Kroeber-Riel und Franz-Rudolf Esch sowie den Literat Erich Fromm.Kurzbiografie sowie enge Textarbeit dienen dazu, einen möglichst guten und authentischen Einblick in Denk- und Schreibweise der Autoren zu vermitteln. So soll der Konsum aus verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten – persönlich, sozial-ethisch und ökonomisch – betrachtet werden. Nach einer Definition des Begriffes Konsum widmet sich der Essay diversen Fragestellungen rund um das Thema Konsum, die jeweils mittels Textauszügen erarbeitet und letztendlich beantwortet werden. Zunächst soll die Frage, wie der Konsum, wie wir ihn heute kennen, eigentlich entstanden ist. John Berger über die Zusammenhänge zwischen Konsum und Schmerz in seinem gleichnamigen Artikel Auskunft. Wie der Hyper-Konsum entsteht beziehungsweise mit welchen Strategien und Techniken die Werbung beim Verbraucher ein Pseudo-Konsum-Bedürfnis schafft kann anhand des Werkes >Strategie und Technik der Werbung< von Esch und Kroeber-Riel nachvollzogen werden. Wolf Lotter stellt in seinem brand-eins-Magazin die Frage nach dem richtigen Maß. Und Fromm >resümiert ... Gedankengänge früherer Werke< ... in seinem Buch >Haben oder Sein<. All diese Schriftstücke dienen als Grundlage für den Essay und sollen in einem umfassenden Fazit reflektiert und resümiert werden. [Exlibris.ch] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sayre, Robert T1 - Review Löwy, M.: La cage d’acier: Max Weber et le marxisme wébérien JF - Critical Research on Religion, Vol. 2 (No. 2, August 2014), pp. 218-221. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauka, Anne A1 - Sauka, Ainārs A1 - Funk, Rainer T1 - Erich Fromm und die Frage der Freiheit in Lettland. Anne und Ainārs Saukas im Interview mit Rainer Funk T2 - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 18 / 2014, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 6-8. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d18/2014a Y1 - 2014 VL - d18/2014a ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sauka, Anne T1 - Sein oder Haben? Leibsein und das inszenierte Leben JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 18 / 2014, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 63-66. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d18/2014q Y1 - 2014 VL - d18/2014q ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sauka, Anne T1 - >Būt< un >piederēt< miesiskās patības ētikas kontekstā JF - I. Suvajevs (Ed.), Begsana no brivibas? Erihs Fromms un Latjija, Riga (University of Latvia, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology) 2014, pp. 93-107. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sauka, Ainārs T1 - Cilvēka atsvešināti sociālā un dionīsiskā būšana JF - I. Suvajevs (Ed.), Begsana no brivibas? Erihs Fromms un Latjija, Riga (University of Latvia, Institute of Philosophy and Sociology) 2014, pp. 109-118. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Saltman, Kenneth J. T1 - The Austerity School: Grit, Character, and the Privatization of Public Education JF - Symploke, Vol. 22 (No. 1-2, 2014), pp. 41-57. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sakurai, Takamichi T1 - Contemporary Fascist Chauvinism in Terms of Erich Fromm’s Theory of Alienation. A Theoretical Suggestion for an Analysis of Contemporary Society (in Japanese) JF - Journal Jōkyō, Vol. 5 (No. 6, 2017), pp. 115-126. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sakurai, Takamichi T1 - Political Theory and Narcissism. Towards the Self. Reflection•of Knowledge and Politics through Focusing on the Psychoanalyltic Perspectives of Erich Fromm and Shözö Fujita. Dissertation Political Theory, University of Heidelberg, 2014, 292 pp. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rubin, Jeffrey B. T1 - Each Individual is a Surprise: A Conversation with Marianne Horney Eckardt JF - American Journal of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 74, No. 2 (2014), pp. 115-122. [Online ISSN 1573-6741] [doi.org/10.1057/ajp.2014.3] N2 - >Each Individual is a Surprise< is a brief account of a dialogue between Marianne Horney Eckardt and myself about the state of psychoanalysis and the psychoanalytic process, the danger of idolatry, the damaging impact of psychoanalytic schools when they create a standardized and pathologizing approach to people, the value of curiosity and humility and retaining one’s clinical creativity. The role of Rank, Horney, Sullivan, and Fromm in Dr. Eckardt’s long life and rich work is touched upon. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rosenberg Javors, Irene T1 - Revisiting >Beyond the Chains of Illusion: My Encounter with Marx and Freud<. Reflections on Fromm's Theory and Practice within the Psychotherapeutic Encounter JF - S. J. Miri, R. Lake, T. M. Kress (Eds.), Reclaiming the Sane Society. Essays on Erich Fromm's Thought, Rotterdam - Boston - Taipei (Sense Publishers) 2014, pp. 215-219. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Risthania, Olivia Fergie T1 - The Unrequited Love as Reflected in William Blake's >Love Secret< [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Lantern – Journal on English Language, Culture and Literature (Diponegoro University), Vol. 3, No. 4 (February 2014). N2 - The purpose of this final academic paper is to describe the love story which tells sadness in William Blake’s >Love's Secret<. The writer adopts Erich Fromm’s theory of unrequited love from >The Art of Loving<. This final academic paper concerns intrinsic and extrinsic side of the poem. In the intrinsic side, the writer discusses about the existing diction and figurative language such as denotation and connotation and imagery to understand the true meaning of the poem. The extrinsic side, the writer discusses about unrequited love. The writer used library research, note-taking and internet browsing for collecting the data. The result is that love does not only bring happiness but also deep sadness for the speaker of the poem as unrequited love which is reflected in >Love's Secret<. So, it succeeds in bringing the readers to feel what the speaker feels. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Reinhardt, Stephan T1 - Carl Zuckmayer: ›Offen für alles Ungenormte und Kühne‹ – ›Krieg ist kein Schicksal‹, sondern ›Verblödung‹ und ›Verdummung‹ JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 403-415. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Rebiger, Bill T1 - Auch eine Berliner Kindheit um Neunzehnhundert. Zur Biographie von Gershom Scholem bis 1915 JF - G. Necker, E. Morlok, M. Morgenstern, 2014: Gershom Sholem in Deutschland. Zwischen Seelenverwandtschaft und Sprachlosigkeit, Tübingen (Mohr Siebeck) 2014, pp. 019-036. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ratner Rosenhagen, Jennifer T1 - Review Friedman, L. J.: The Lives of Erich Fromm: Love's Prophet JF - The Journal of American History, Vol. 101, No. 2 (Sep 2014), pp. 643-644. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Quan, Yan T1 - Human Alienation and Its Way Out [人的异化及其出路], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, CPC Zhejiang Provincial Party School, China 2014. N2 - 当今时代科学技术迅猛发展,人类在自身的发展过程中取得了巨大的物质财富,同时也在某种程度上陷入了生存的困境,面临着异化的危机。马克思早在一百多年前就提出了异化概念,至今异化问题仍然是学术研究的一个热门领域。很多学者,特别是西方马克思主义对当今的社会特别是发达的资本主义社会当中存在的异化现象进行了比较深入和系统的研究。他们从各个领域分别对异化的具体表现进行了细致入微的分析,将异化给人类带来的负面影响刻画得入木三分。同时,包括马克思及其他学者在内,他们也尝试着提出了自己对于解决异化问题的思路。比如卢卡奇、列斐伏尔提出来以总体性来消除异化的观点,他们认为要扬弃异化首先必须从哲学上恢复对总体性的认识,只有揭示物化意识并且培养起无产阶级的阶级意识,才能使无产者成为社会现实的改造者。马尔库塞以及生态学马克思主义者从技术的角度探讨了消除异化的可能,他们主张发展能将科技与艺术结合起来的新技术以及发展小规模的技术,以此来试图逃避异化的命运。弗洛姆等人则探讨了通过革命来消除异化的可能。国内的学者受西方学者的影响较大,他们也提出了自己关于异化出路的一些思考。作者通过自己的阅读与思考,尝试从文化的层面来探讨异化的出路问题。文章共分为四个部分。第一章是导论部分,主要说明了文章的选题意义以及国内外对该问题的研究现状。第二章重点阐释了异化概念的内涵及异化的具体表现,主要是从资本、交往、劳动、文化以及消费等几个领域来分析其具体表现的。第三章分析了异化产生的根源,先通过分析将几种异化类型归结为资本异化和技术异化两种,紧接着从精神层面分析指出人们的贪念与好逸恶劳、投机取巧是这两种异化产生的心理基础,这可以从文化层面入手为减少异化做出努力。第四章接着前一章进一步分析了异化的出路。这一部分首先给出了前人的研究成果,然后通过分析给出了自己的答案,主张通过复兴中国传统文化中的优秀成分为人类有效地避免异化提供精神上的帮助。 N2 - Now with the rapid development of science and technology, human made great achievements in its development process of the material possessions, at the same time also fell into the dilemma of survival, facing a deep sense of alienation. Alienation is still a hot area of academic research today. Marx put forward the concept of alienation as early as one hundred years ago, but the alienation phenomenon that Marx said still exists in today’s society. Many scholars, especially the western Marxism have a deep and systematic study of alienation phenomenon in modern society especially in the developed capitalist society. They have carefully analyzed the manifestation of alienation from various fields. At the same time, including Marx and others, they put forward train of thought to solve the problem of alienation. Lukács and Lefebvre put forward the opinion of eliminating the alienation overall. They insist that we should recover the understanding of overall to abandon the alienation. Only by revealing materialized consciousness and cultivating class consciousness of the proletariat, can proletarians be shapers of social reality. Marcuse and Ecology Marxism discussed the way to eliminating alienation from the perspective of technology. They advised that develop small-scale technology or new technology that could combine technology with art, trying to avoid the fate of alienation. Fromm thought that revolution could eliminate alienation. Scholars in China are deeply influenced by the western scholars, putting forward their thoughts about the way of alienation. After reading and thinking individually, the author study the way out of alienation from the perspective of culture, putting forward the idea of eliminating alienation by renaissance of Chinese traditional culture. This passage consists of four parts. The first chapter is introduction which mainly illustrates selected topic significance of the article and the domestic and foreign research status quo of the problem.– The second chapter analyses the connotation of the concept of alienation and the alienation of the manifestation, analyzing its performance mainly from several areas such as capital, exchanges, labor, culture and consumption.– The third chapter analyzed the root causes of alienation. They could come down to capital alienation and technology alienation, followed by the root causes of them.– The fourth chapter further analyzes the way out of alienation after previous chapter. This part firstly presents the predecessors’ research results, and then gives his answer through the analysis. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Qi, Liuzhu T1 - On the Aesthetic Actualization of Fromm’s Ideas about Freedom [论弗洛姆自由思想的审美性实现], Master thesis, Aesthetics, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China 2014 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 弗洛姆在20世纪生活了80年,时代的风云变幻在他心里留下了深刻的痕迹。犹太——基督教传统、弗洛伊德和马克思的思想对其思想的形成影响巨大。心理因素对自由的影响是弗洛姆考虑的主要问题。人类自由所遭受的最严重威胁,不在外部,而在人的内心之中。只有当人的内在的心理状况能确保人们的个性时,摆脱外在的权威才能持久地巩固。积极自由的实现有赖于人的整体性人格的实现,有赖于积极地表现人的情感的和理智的潜能的实现。实现自我的创造性是自发性活动的重要表现,实现与人交往的>爱<则是自发性的主要成分。人的情感情绪贯穿了审美活动的全过程。与一般意志相比,审美意志有着更大的自由度。它可以依据主体的目的、动机和理想等自由地选择审美客体、自由地运用想象和联想,从而对客体自由地判断和评价,创造审美意象。原创性是审美活动得以发展,艺术生命得以延续的根本原因。审美活动对原创性的需求是必然的,它的出现也是必然的。即便是在>发达资本主义时代<,艺术家仍然保持着难得的清醒,保留着自觉性和主体意识。主体的审美直觉,是整个审美活动的开端,是各种后继审美心理内容和审美形式的基础。它同时又沉淀、渗透于这些后继的心理内容和形式之中。从对审美直觉的分析可以看出,在审美交往的初级阶段,主体对客体已有从被动向主动发展的趋势。通过想象,人们可以对眼前的形象进行改造和创造,形成审美的联系。但审美主体对事物的改造并不是任意的。牢固的审美关系须建立在对审美对象的尊重之上。艺术家通过想象与对象融为一体,从而达到与物的交流。审美主体对客体从认识到接受是一个充满变化的过程。审美既是这一过程的结果,也是这一过程的目的。当这一目的实现之后,主体并不满足,而是继续发掘对象,深化审美的联系。自发性活动是解决自由问题的唯一办法,但现代社会却使人丧失了批判的能力,无法认识到真实的现实和真实的自己。人不能自发的实现自己,不能通过真实的自我而与周遭世界建立正常的联系,因而不但造成了人与世界的疏远和破坏,也造成了对自己身份认同的深切怀疑和恐惧。在审美的过程中,人们不但能够实现真正的自由,而且背弃自由的人也可以重新感受到真正的自由。审美追求是人对自我创造能力的全面实现和以爱连结万物的追求。它的动态的满足即为人的自发性的不断实现。因此,弗洛姆的自由思想便通过审美的方式得以实现。 N2 - Fromm lived in the20th century for 80years, during which the events and changes of the era had profound influence on his heart. The Jewish-Christian tradition, Freud and Marx’s thought had had a huge impact on the formation of his thought. The influence of psychological factors on freedom is the main problem that Fromm considered. The most serious threat to man’s freedom is not from the outside world, but man’s inner world. Man’s freedom consolidates abidingly only when his inner psy-chological status can ensure his personality and get rid of the influence of authority. The realization of positive freedom relies on the realization of the wholeness of the personality and that of man’s potential in expressing his feelings and intellect positively. The self-realization of creativity is an important performance of spontaneous activity, while the actualization of love in human relationship is the main composition of spontaneity. - The whole process of the aesthetic activities is run through with human feelings and emotions. Compared with common will, there is more freedom in aesthetic will, which can choose aesthetic objects and imagine and associate freely, basing on the aim, motivation and ideality of the subject, thereby freely judge and evaluate the objects and create imago. Originality is the fundamental reason for the development of aesthetic activity and the continuity of art. Originality is the inevitable demand for Aesthetic activity, and its emergence is also inevitable. Even in the >era of capitalism<, artists still remain lucid, keeping his consciousness and subject consciousness. - The subject’s aesthetic intuition is the beginning of the whole aesthetic activity and the foundation of all sorts of subsequent aesthetic mental content and aesthetic form. It also reflects in all sorts of subsequent aesthetic mental content and aesthetic form. From the analysis of aesthetic intuition, we can see the tendency that, in the early stages of aesthetic communication, the subject’s perception of the objects is becoming from passive to active. By imagination, people can modify and recreate the image within sight, thereby develop an aesthetic relationship. However, the aesthetic subject’s transformation of objects is not arbitrary. A strong aesthetic relationship must be based on the respect for the aesthetic objects. Artists become integrated with the objects through imagination, so as to communicate with them. The process of the aesthetic subject’s relationship with the objects, from understanding to acceptance, is full of changes. Aesthetic is both the result of this process and its goal. When this goal is realized, the subject is not satisfied, but continues to explore objects, deepen the aesthetic relationship. - Spontaneous activity is the only way to solve the problem of freedom, but modern society makes people lose the ability to criticize and unable to recognize the true reality and their real selves. Because people cannot actualize themselves spontaneous, nor can they establish the normal contact with the world around them with their true selves, the relationship between human beings and the world is estranged and even destructed, which makes people doubt and fear their self-identities. In the process of aesthetic, people can not only realize the real freedom, but also help people who have abandoned freedom to feel real freedom again. The pursuit of aesthetic is the overall implementation of self creation ability and the pursuit of connecting all things on earth with love. Its dynamic content is the continuous actualization. As a result, Fromm’s ideas about freedom are realized by means of aesthetic. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Prager, Jeffrey T1 - Melancholia and the Racial Order: A Psychosocial Analysis of America’s Enduring Racism JF - L. Chancer and J. Andrews (Eds.), The Unhappy Divorce of Sociology and Psychoanalysis. Diverse Perspectives on the Psychosocial (Studies in the Psychosocial, ed. by Peter Redman), New York (Palgrave Macmillan) 2014, pp. 284-316. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Poster, Mark F. T1 - Thoughts on war, trauma, and the need for diplomacy JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 1, 2014), pp. 55-63. N2 - War is a uniquely human scourge with complex biological, psychological, social, and political determinants. In this paper, repetition-compulsions both in making war and in the diagnosis and treatment of war trauma are documented. The diagnosis and treatment of war trauma are reviewed from the Napoleonic wars until the present, and parallel tracks in the development of military history, neurology, and psychoanalysis are traced. A personal history of the author and a clinical case history are included to demonstrate the effect of war on both family members and soldiers. Prevention of war through political negotiation is emphasized. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Popovych, O. V. T1 - Соціогенезис психічних розладів та механізми компенсації в суспільстві [Sociogenesis of mental disorders and compensation mechanisms in society] JF - Грані [Granì], Vol. 110, No. 106 (2014), pp. 6-11. [Print ISSN 2077-1800] Грані [Granì], Vol. 110, No. 106 (2014), pp. 6-11. [Print ISSN 2077-1800] [grani.org.ua/index.php/journal/article/view/531/547] N2 - Положення про те, що порушення психічного здоров’я є наслідком процесу ускладненої соціалізації індивіда, досі є головною ідеєю психоаналізу. Дія феноменау компенсації осмислюється засновником психоаналізу З. Фрейдом у несвідомих механізмах психіки, у сновидіннях, у людських жартах і дотепах та ін. У цілому, весь простір культури просякнутий механізмами компенсації для адаптації й соціаліза ції особистості, що стає можливим за умов виявлення потенцій її креативності.Згідно з теорією К.-Г. Юнга, тяжкий психічний стан, «позасвідоме» та «компенсація» мають точку перетину, ніби приходять до спільного порога, за яким вступають у «хід» творчі здібності, складаючи джерело розвитку креативності. Механізми процесу компенсації фрагментарно збігаються з феноменом «Самості». Разом з тим, бінарні архетипи в структурі колективного несвідомого людської психіки також знаходяться у компенсаторній взаємодії. Поняття >компенсація – надкомпенсація< широко вживаються й А. Адлером у різних аспектах і позначають засіб подолання неповноцінності, засіб здобуття коректної моральної свободи. На основі комплексу неповноцінності розвивається компенсаторний комплекс переваги. Обидва комплекси мають щось спільне: будучи надмірно розвинені або врівноважуючи один одного, вони сприяють виключенню з корисного життя і невротизації. Але будучи наповнені соціальним змістом і проявляючись адекватно ситуації, вони виступають як сигнальні орієнтири. Згідно з концепцією К. Хорні, саме міжособистісну комунікацію можна визначити як механізм компенсації неврозів. В той же час Е. Фромм наповнює феномен компенсації соціальним змістом. Він описав три важливих компенсаторних синдроми: прагнення до панування, прагнення до підпорядкування, втеча в працю. Надбання психоаналізу не втратило своєї значущості і сьогодні, бо всі ці компенсаторні механізми діють і в сучасному суспільстві. N2 - The statement that mental health disorders are the result of the process of complicated socialization of the individual is still the main idea of psychoanalysis. Effects of the compensation phenomenon are considered by the founder of psychoanalysis S. Freud in the unconscious mechanisms of the psyche, in dreams, in people’s jokes and others. In general, the entire space of culture is permeated with compensation mechanisms for adaptation and socialization of a person, which becomes possible under the conditions of detection of the potentials of person’s creativity. According to the theory of K. G. Jung, a grave mental state, the unconscious and compensation have the point of intersection; they seem to come to the same threshold over which creative abilities come into force, forming the source of the development of creativity. The mechanisms of compensation process fragmentarily coincide with the phenomenon of Self. At the same time, binary archetypes in the structure of the collective unconscious of the human psyche are also in compensatory interactions. The terms >compensation overcompensation< are also widely used by A. Adler in different aspects and represent a means of overcoming the inferiority, a means of obtaining the correct moral freedom. On the basis of an inferiority complex, a compensatory superiority complex is developing. Both complexes have something in common: being developed excessively or balancing each other, they contribute to the exclusion from useful life and neurotization. But being filled with social content and manifesting adequately, they act as basic cues. According to the concept of K. Horney, it is interpersonal communication that can be defined as a mechanism of compensation of neurosis. At the same time, Erich Fromm fills compensation phenomenon with social content. He described three important compensatory syndromes: a desire for power, a desire for submission, and escape into work. The achievements of psychoanalysis have not lost their significance nowadays, as all these compensatory mechanisms operate in today’s society. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Polak, Marek T1 - Relações de poder na favela carioca: um breve esforço analítico [Les rapports de pouvoir dans le bidonville carioca: bref effort analytique] [Power relations in the Carioca slum: an brief analytical sketch] [Las relaciones de poder en la favela carioca: un breve resumen analítico] JF - Espaço e Economia. Revista brasileira de geografia econômica, Vol. 3, No. 5 (2014), pp. 1-29. [Online ISSN: 2317-7837] [doi.org/10.4000/espacoeconomia.1141] N2 - A favela no Rio de Janeiro constitui um fenômeno que, no espaço das últimas décadas, evoluiu, criando vários mecanismos sociais ausentes em outras partes da cidade. O artigo foca a análise das relações de poder na favela a partir dos trabalhos de Hannah Arendt e Erich Fromm, apontando na direção de soluções sistêmicas típicas de sistemas >totalistas<, o que traz consigo várias consequências para a formação humana do indivíduo. N2 - Le bidonville carioca constitue un phénomène qu’a augmenté dans les dernières décennies, en créant plusiers mécanismes sociaux qui n’existent pas dans les autres espaces de la ville. L’article souligne l’analyse des rapports de pouvoir dans le bidonville carioca à partir des travaux de Hannah Arendt et Erich Fromm, en indiquant des solutions systémiques propres aux systèmes >totalistes<, ce qui apporte plusiers effets sur la formation humaine de l’individu. N2 - The slum of Rio de Janeiro is a phenomenon which, during the time of decades of evolution, has created several social mechanisms absent in other parts of the city. The article is focused on analyzing the relations of power in the slum, from the theoretical concepts of Hannah Arendt and Erich Fromm. It shows the evolution of the relations of power in the slum into direction of systematic solutions characteristic for >totalistic< systems, which brings with itself various consequences for human individual development. N2 - La favela del Rio de Janeiro constituyó un fenómeno, cual en espacio de las décadas del desarrollo ha creado varios mecanismos sociales ausentes en las otras partes de la cuidad. El artículo concentra-se en una reseña de las relaciones del poder en la favela, desde los conceptos teoréticos de Hannah Arendt y Erich Fromm. El artículo apunta a la evolución de las relaciones del poder en la favela en la dirección de las soluciones sistemáticas particulares para las sistemas >totalistas<, lo que lleva consigo varias consecuencias para desarrollo individual del sujeto. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peterson, Charles A. T1 - The trial period and the creation of analytic patients JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 4, 2014), pp. 209-219. N2 - Just as there are many roads to Rome, the trial period may be considered one of many opening moves in psychotherapy or psychoanalysis. The responsive – and responsible – therapist must be many things to many patients, some of whom know nothing about the psychotherapeutic/analytic process. Freud advocated the trial period to help him take a >sounding< when he knew little about the patient and when the patient knew little about psychoanalysis. R.I.P.? This brief communication laments the apparent demise of this promising procedure and makes an effort at resurrection by describing the hitherto unmapped latent structure of the trial period. Even if there are fewer patients in psychoanalysis today, there may be a number of reasons to recommend a trial period, no matter what we name this period of optimistic uncertainty at the beginning of every treatment. Even if >consultation< is the term de jour, the psychoanalytic psychotherapist cannot escape certain role responsibilities at the beginning of every treatment, which has been made clear in the ethical principles of the American Psychoanalytic Association. What we will learn about the trial period should serve our understanding of what must also occur in the beginning of every psychotherapy or psychoanalysis. Conceptually, I propose that a trial analysis (1) will serve as a discriminative stimulus, signaling, to the patient, the unique nature of the analytic conversation; (2) will permit an in vivo assessment of the patient's suitability for psychoanalysis, and, more importantly, the fit between analyst and patient; (3) will provide anticipatory socialization for the unfamiliar and difficult roles of patient and therapist within the analytic process; (4) will offer true informed consent about the task facing therapist and patient; and (5) will facilitate an opportunity for therapeutic assessment, all of which will help the naive patient acquire the skills and lived experience to become an analytic patient. The trial period is the perfect host for all that must happen – and what we can do– to help naive patients become analytic patients. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peter-Erwin, Jansen T1 - Die Weltrevolution steht um die Ecke – Leo Löwenthal in Heidelberg JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 189-202. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peinthal, Angela T1 - Ernst Blass in Heidelberg und die ›Argonauten‹ JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 59-70. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Peglau, Andreas T1 - Anregungen zu einer Psychoanalyse des europäischen >Rechtsrucks<. Paper to be published online, Berlin 2014. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pavón-Cuéllar, David T1 - The Freudo-Marxist Tradition and the Critique of Psychotherapeutic Ideology JF - Psychotherapy and Politics International, Vol. 12, No.3 (2014), pp. 208-219. [Online ISSN 1556-9195] [doi.org/10.1002/ppi.1336] N2 - The ideology of psychotherapy is questioned through critical concepts taken from the Freudo-Marxist tradition. The paper first analyses in detail six determinant ideological processes detected in psychotherapy that three pioneers of Freudo-Marxism criticised in the 1920s: dualistic scission and metaphysical immobilisation (Luria); idealist generalisation and mechanistic determination (Bernfeld); and repressive adaptation and historical decontextualisation (Reich). Following this, it briefly reviews seven paired analogous processes that were denounced by continuators of the Freudo-Marxist tradition: valorative moralisation and the psychologisation of the social (Fenichel); instinctual–rational deprivation and the mechanisation of the subject (Adorno); alienating performance and surplus repression (Marcuse); manipulation and dehumanising alienation (Fromm); abstraction and mythologising (Bleger); authoritarianism and suggestion (Caruso); and depoliticisation and rationalisation (Langer). The argument will show how Freudo-Marxist questionings of these operations – many now forgotten – are still current and can be inspiring and enriching for a modern critique of psychotherapy. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Parker, Val T1 - An Exploration of the Concept of the Social Unconscious and its Application to Clinical Understanding JF - Group Analysis, Vol. 47 (No. 1, March 2014), pp. 30-41. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pangritz, Andreas T1 - Gesetz und Evangelium. Antijudaistische Vorurteile und Projektionen in der (evangelischen) Theologie JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 18 / 2014, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 119-124. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d18/2014z1 Y1 - 2014 VL - d18/2014z1 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Pacquing, Ian Raymond B. T1 - The Philosophical Anthropology of Erich Fromm: The Conscious and the Unconscious in Man JF - Kritike, Vol. 8, pp. 77-97. N2 - The philosophical anthropology of Erich Fromm rests on his analysis of the existential dichotomy, which breaks man’s humanity. When man disobeys God in paradise, he begins to become human. He begins to be free. For Fromm, disobedience is a prerequisite towards freedom. However, there is in him a yearning to go back to paradise to enjoy the >roots of his own nature.< He wants to be secured and taken care by a loving God. This allegory was taken and interpreted by Fromm that man is separated from his own nature. In paradise, he is an animal. He does not possess any reason or freedom as a human being. Physiologically, he does what other creatures do. However, saying >no< to God’s commandment allowed him to become human. He has reason and freedom. He is forced to take the responsibility to build his own humanity. Now, he is torn between two existential nature i.e., his animal nature and human nature. There is no way for him to return to his paradisiacal roots. He has to move on and build his true human nature. For Fromm, this can be done through reason, faith, and love. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Okulicz-Kozaryn, Adam T1 - >Freedom From< and >Freedom To< Across Countries JF - Social Indicators Research, Vol. 118, No. 3 (Sept. 2014), pp. 1009-1029. N2 - It has been over 70 years since Erich Fromm wrote >Escape from Freedom<. He defined two type of freedom: FREEDOM FROM (negative) and FREEDOM TO (positive). Fromm's masterpiece, however, does not measure the two types of freedom, and this is not surprising – there were no freedom data at the time. Now, there are plenty of data, and Fromm's concepts of freedom can be operationalized across countries. The two types of freedom, positive and negative, correlate at below 0.5, and such low correlation is surprising – I discuss outliers and point out that freedom is an end in itself, as recognized, for instance, by Amartya Sen. Furthermore, while we acknowledge the importance of FREEDOM FROM, we forget that FREEDOM FROM is not fully realized without FREEDOM TO: it's great to be free; but it's even better to feel free as well. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Nollendorfs, Valters T1 - >Zwischen dem Absatz und der Erde<: Die bedrängte Freiheit in Lettland 1940-1991 JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 18 / 2014, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 26-30. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d18/2014g Y1 - 2014 VL - d18/2014g ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Neumann, Volker T1 - Gustav Radbruch und der Heidelberger Geist JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 277-292. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Necker, Gerold T1 - Gershom Scholems ambivalente Beziehung zu Deutschland JF - G. Necker, E. Morlok, M. Morgenstern, 2014: Gershom Sholem in Deutschland. Zwischen Seelenverwandtschaft und Sprachlosigkeit, Tübingen (Mohr Siebeck) 2014, pp. 003-016. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Necker, Gerold T1 - >Wie Licht und Nacht< - zur Bedeutung von Friedrich Hölderlin bei Gershom JF - G. Necker, E. Morlok, M. Morgenstern, 2014: Gershom Sholem in Deutschland. Zwischen Seelenverwandtschaft und Sprachlosigkeit, Tübingen (Mohr Siebeck) 2014, pp. 097-112. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mühlhausen, Walter T1 - Der Kampf des Herrn Vielgeschrey um die Republik – Carlo Mierendorffs frühe Warnungen vor dem Nationalsozialismus JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 261-276. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mészáros, Judit T1 - Ferenczi's >wise baby< phenomenon and resilience JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 1, 2014), pp. 3-10 N2 - How did psychoanalysis find its way from >traumatic progression< or >precocious maturity,< as described by Ferenczi at the beginning of the 1930s with its background in the >wise baby< phenomenon, to research on resilience? The paper focuses on psychoanalytic approaches to resilience. What was the contribution of ego psychology, object relations and attachment theories, self-psychology, and group experiences to understanding resilience? Results concerning resilience are based on longitudinal studies of early hospitalized or traumatized but >resilient children,< child survivors of genocides, wars, and communal violence, populations of children and adult refugees. The paper shows the different approaches to resilience, from factoral components to views of structures and processes, including the new ideas that place resilience and depletion as phenomena at the two ends of the same continuity of structural dimensions: psychobiological and object relational. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mustakova-Possardt, Elena A1 - Woodall, John T1 - Toward Social Health for a Global Community JF - Mustakova-Possardt, E., Lyubansky, M., Basseches, M., Oxenberg, J. (Eds.): Toward a Socially Responsible Psychology for a Global Era. International and Cultural Psychology, New York, NY (Springer) 2014, pp. 91-119. [Online ISBN 978-1-4614-7391-6] [doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7391-6_5] N2 - In this chapter, we take a systemic approach to developing a psychological understanding of processes of social health in a global socio-historical, political, and economic context. We examine levels of social health and associated psychological skills on each level. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Movahedi, Siamak T1 - The Narcissism of Minor Differences: The Status Anxiety and Disciplinary Intolerance between Sociology and Psychoanalysis JF - L. Chancer and J. Andrews (Eds.), The Unhappy Divorce of Sociology and Psychoanalysis. Diverse Perspectives on the Psychosocial (Studies in the Psychosocial, ed. by Peter Redman), New York (Palgrave Macmillan) 2014, pp. 140-158. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Morlok, Elke A1 - Musall, Frederek T1 - Die Geschichte seiner Freundschaft – Gershom Scholem – und die Benjamin-Rezeption in der Bonner Republik JF - G. Necker, E. Morlok, M. Morgenstern, 2014: Gershom Sholem in Deutschland. Zwischen Seelenverwandtschaft und Sprachlosigkeit, Tübingen (Mohr Siebeck) 2014, pp. 115-143. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Morgenstern, Matthias T1 - >Eine bleibende Arbeitsgemeinschaft zwischen mir und Jerusalem<. Die Korrespondenz zwischen Otto Michel und Gershom Scholem JF - G. Necker, E. Morlok, M. Morgenstern, 2014: Gershom Sholem in Deutschland. Zwischen Seelenverwandtschaft und Sprachlosigkeit, Tübingen (Mohr Siebeck) 2014, pp. 167-200. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Moer, Wim van T1 - Atheïstische religiositeit: Een pragmatische analyse in de geest van William James, Erich Fromm en Leo Apostel, Amsterdam (University Press) The Netherlands 2012, 254 pp.. N2 - Atheïsme en religiositeit lijken elkaars absolute tegenpolen. Filosoof Wim Van Moer stelt deze intuïtieve, ook onder atheïsten wijdverspreide overtuiging ter discussie. Deze analyse onthult dat de religieuze ervaring niet verbonden hoeft te zijn met een geloof in een bovennatuurlijke entiteit of realiteit. Geïnspireerd door Leo Apostel en in de voetsporen van William James en Erich Fromm, betoogt de auteur dat deze tegenstrijdigheid, zelfs binnen een radicaal atheïstisch vertoog, niet automatisch geldig is. Van Moer staaft deze stelling met een meeslepende fenomenologische analyse van de religieuze ervaring, die uitmondt in een theoretisch model waarmee hij religieuze ervaringen binnen een atheïstische context kan onderzoeken. [Taken from Publisher’s Website: http://nl.aup.nl/books/9789089644626-atheistische-religiositeit.html] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Miri, Sayed Javad T1 - Humanism and Sociological Imagination in a Frommesque Style JF - S. J. Miri, R. Lake, T. M. Kress (Eds.), Reclaiming the Sane Society. Essays on Erich Fromm's Thought, Rotterdam - Boston - Taipei (Sense Publishers) 2014, pp. 31-36. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Minchev, Plamen T1 - Bulgaria – A social psychological portrait JF - Fromm Forum (English Edition – ISSN 1437-1189), 18 / 2014, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 16-20. T3 - Fromm Forum (English edition / englische Ausgabe) - e18/2014b Y1 - 2014 VL - e18/2014b ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Min, Du T1 - Philosophical Reflections on Cultural Support of the >China Dream< from Fromm’s >Spiritual Alienation< [精神回归:关于>中国梦<之文化支撑的哲学思考——弗洛姆>精神异化<思想的启示] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Tangdu Journal [唐都学刊], No. 6 (2014), pp. 28-33. N2 - 中国梦是建立在文化自觉基础之上的,是既有超越性又有现实性的当代中国人的奋斗目标。中国步入现代的征程中,已经痛感到精神失落而带来的负价值。因此,在>中国梦>的现实构建中,一个最重要的基本问题乃是>如何让失落的精神回归<。著名社会精神分析哲学家弗洛姆的社会病理学诊断也许可以给当代中国的社会发展给予重要启示:关注人的精神性生存,抛却重占有的生存方式,是实现中国梦的精神动力;弘扬人性化文化,冷静对待消费文化,是实现中国梦的精神支撑;培育个体健康心理,防化社会病态人格,是实现中国梦的精神主题;关注社会信仰体系,发挥信仰的积极作用,是实现中国梦的精神归宿 N2 - The >Chinese Dream<, established on cultural consciousness, is goal of Chinese people contemporarily. In the process of modernization, China has suffered negative value for the spirit lost. Therefore, one of the most important questions is how to get the lost spirit return in constructing of Chinese Dream. Social Psychoanalysis diagnosis by famous social pathology philosopher Erich Fromm might be important revelation to Chinese contemporary social development. It is building up social belief systems by focusing on the human spirit but material possession as spiritual power, promoting humane but consumer culture as spiritual support, and foster individual health psychology then prevent sociopathic personality disorder as spiritual themes, to realize the Chinese Dream. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Milivojević, Tatjana A1 - Dragović, Katarina T1 - The Media Image of >Effortles Life< JF - In Medias Res, Vol. 3, No. 4 (2014), pp. 590- 609. [Online ISSN 1848-6304] [hrcak.srce.hr/file/184751] N2 - The ways of transferring knowledge and values have drastically changed, and the “others directed” people, the market and/or receptive orientation people, as Fromm would call them, turn to others in order to confirm their self-value. Others, however, are often only intermediaries in promoting what the mass media have defined as “currently desirable” attitude, behaviour or set of qualities. A radical example is a problem of being torn apart between the illusion that life should be easy and the (repressed) feeling that it is not, as quoted by Riesman, which results in unfounded belief in the possibilities of effortless life and rapid success, among other things. The mutual influences of the media and the social character of the public and individuals are emphasized in the paper. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Miao, Weiping T1 - The Hope of Revolution – an Exploration of Fromm’s Theory on Liberation [革命的希望—弗洛姆的解放理论探析], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2014. N2 - 埃里希•弗洛姆(Erich•Fromm,又译作艾里希•弗洛姆、埃里克•弗洛姆或艾瑞克•弗洛姆)作为法兰克福学派的主战将之一,其思想不仅在学派内部独具一格,即使在整个二十世纪的西方马克思主义阵营中也独具匠心,他毕生关注>孤立无援的现代人<,并未止步于对现代社会的批判而是穷究病态个人和病态社会的根由,更致力于健全社会和健全人格的重建,因其人道化社会主义的解放理论充满理想化和浪漫主义色彩而获得>人类梦想家<的称誉。弗洛姆以一个心理学家的敏锐捕捉到现代人物质丰富精神痛苦的现状,以一个社会学家和哲学家的研究精神对之追根究源揭示出现代工业社会对人的匿名操纵致使现代人处于异化状态,人格畸变,在此基础上以人性为标尺讨伐现代社会,将自身终生的心理分析师实践所得成果结合于自己理解的人本主义的马克思主义,推出其解放理论——包括社会改革和个人性格革命两方面。弗洛姆的解放理论虽然因在哲学基础上就背离了马克思主义,在解放路径上也摒弃了马克思主义的暴力革命只在资本主义内部进行改良而注定无法达到预期目的,但是他对人类命运的关怀、对人类前途的积极探索值得我们学习,其理论中的合理成分、改革中的一些原则和具体方法即使初衷在于改进资本主义也并非便与社会主义水火不容,甚至对我们建设社会主义具有参考价值。本文拟从四个部分进行论述:第一部分为弗洛姆生平掠影,从弗洛姆所处的大时代出发勾勒出他的个人经历和思想发展历程;第二部分为弗洛姆解放理论产生的语境,以时间域和场域为背景从弗洛姆的思想源头阐述其解放理论的形成与发展;第三部分为弗洛姆解放理论的具体内容;第四部分为对弗洛姆解放理论的评价。 N2 - Erich Fromm is a prominent member of Frankfurt School, his thought is not only unique within the school, but also shows originality in the whole camp of western Marxist camp in the 20th century. He paid attention to the >isolated modern people< through his life, and he dedicated to the critique of modern society and seek the reasons of sick individuals and society, moreover, he devoted himself to rebuild sane society and cure individuals, he’s famous as a >human dreamer< because of his ideal and romantic humanistic socialistic liberation theory. As a psychologist, Fromm captured modern people’s painful situation: material wealth, mental suffering; as a sociologist and philosopher, Fromm searched in the reasons and revealed the industrial society’s anonymous manipulations on persons that leads to alienation and the distortion of personality, on this basis, Fromm critiqued the modern capitalistic society, taking human nature as yardstick, at the same time, he put his achievements of lifelong psychological analyst practices into the theory of humanistic Marxism – by his own under-standing, put forward his liberation theory, which including two parts – social reform and revolution of personal character. Although Fromm’s theory of liberation is deviated from Marxism because its basis of philosophy, and his liberation path also dismissed Marxist violent revolution, only improving in the interior of capital society, doomed to fail to achieve its expectations, his concern for human destiny, the active exploration of the future of the mankind, the reasonable compounds of his theory, the principle and specific method also worth to study, even if his purpose is to improve the capitalism but it’s not against the socialism, perhaps, have a reference value to the construction of socialism. - This paper separated into four parts: the first part is the chief introduction of Fromm, in the time ground, trying to outline his personal experience and the thought development; the second part is the environment of Fromm’s liberation theory, stating its formation and development in its background of time and field; The third part is the specific content of the liberation theory; the fourth part is the evaluation of Fromm’s theory of liberation. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Meyer, Gerd T1 - Mut und Zivilcourage. Grundlagen und gesellschaftliche Praxis, Opladen (Verlag Barbara Budrich) 2014, 275 pp. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Metraux, Alexandre T1 - Emil Lederer, ein Heidelberger Anti-Mandarin JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 165-170. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Metraux, Alexandre T1 - Sergej Tschachotin, der Agitator mit biologischem Fingerspitzengefühl JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 353-358. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Menzel, Niels T1 - Entfremdung im Kapitalismus. Zu den modernen Gefahren für das psychische Wohl des Individuums bei Erich Fromm, Studienarbeit, Fachbereich Philosophie – Philosophie des 20. Jahrhunderts, Grin Verlag 2014,14 pp. N2 - Erich Fromm, ein unterschätzter Klassiker, steht in der Reihe jener kritischer Geister, die in den vermeintlichen Errungenschaften des Kapitalismus ein Problempotential erkannten, das sich negativ auf die Gesellschaft und auf das Individuum auswirkt. Es wäre müßig, in einer von marktwirtschaftlichen Grundannahmen zutiefst überzeugten Gesellschaft den Versuch einer Bekehrung wagen zu wollen, indem man die Grundannahmen eines linken Denkers zu verteidigen sucht; diese Arbeit soll sich daher der Veranschaulichung und Hinterfragung der frühen, unter dem Eindruck freudomarxistischer Gedanken gefassten Thesen Erich Fromms widmen. Jene Thesen sind von Fromm in vielen populären Bestsellern besprochen worden, so dass es nur allzu leicht fiel, ihn zu einem zwar populären, aber wenig gehaltvollen Philosophen zu erklären. Der Erfolg eines Philosophen macht seine Thesen nicht falscher, auch wenn er durch jenen Erfolg Teil einer Gesellschaft wird, an deren Bekehrung seiner Philosophie eigentlich gelegen ist. Im Falle Fromms lag sein Erfolg nahe: Es ging ihm in der Tradition des jüdischen Humanismus um das psychische Wohl der Menschen, das er in einer wirtschaftlich und politisch unlauteren Mitteln unterworfenen Welt gefährdet sah. Daher ist es auch der Mensch, der im Mittelpunkt dieser Arbeit steht: Welche Gefahren wirken laut Fromm auf das Individuum der Moderne ein und welche Wechselwirkungen von Gesellschaft und Individuum macht er aus? Und warum ist der Kapitalismus eine Gefahr, die sich kaum überwinden lässt? Spätestens mit der Trennung vom Institut für Sozialforschung widmete sich Erich Fromm der Ausarbeitung und Vertiefung seiner Untersuchungen der frühen Jahre. Die sich daraus ergebende Vielfalt und Bandbreite kann in dieser Arbeit nicht besprochen werden; wesentliche Aspekte des Frommschen Werks müssen daher hintanstehen, wenn die vermittels Analytischer Sozialpsychologie herausgearbeitete Kapitalismuskritik dargestellt werden soll. [Hugendubel.de] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mendes, Eliana Rodrigues Pereira T1 - Igor Caruso's presence in Brazil JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Abingdon (Routledge - Taylor and Francis) Vol. 23 (No. 2, 2014), pp. 101-103. N2 - The author traces the profile of psychoanalyst Igor Caruso, one of the founders of the International Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies, an alternative institution to the dogmatic International Psychoanalytic Association. She comments on his first visit to Brazil in 1956, and his longer stay in 1968/69 in Belo Horizonte, where he helped to consolidate the then newborn Círculo Psicanalítico de Minas Gerais, as well as taking part in the foundation of Círculo Brasileiro de Psicanálise. Caruso was also important in the creation of other circles of psychoanalysis in Latin America. The article presents his psychoanalytic ideas, especially about personalization and the permanent dialectic influence of socialization, still emphasizing his human qualities. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Melnikova, A. A. T1 - Политика глобализации и глубинные основания культур [Globalization Policy and Profound Cultural Grounds] JF - Политика и Общество [Politics and Society], No. 11 (2013), pp. 1340-1345. [ISSN: 2454-0684] N2 - Цель статьи: изучить один из аспектов процесса глобализации – распространение английского языка – в контексте теории лингвистической относительности, указывающей на взаимосвязь языка с ментальностью носителей данного языка. При анализе автор рассматривает отнесенность английского языка к >иметь<-языкам, а русского – к >быть<-языкам и конкретные формы выражения этого в языке в качестве глубинных культурных установок, связывая данные факты воедино, с одной стороны, с концепцией Фромма о направленности человека на обладание или бытие, с другой стороны – с процессом глобализации и установками, стоящими за формами проявления этого процесса и обуславливающими результаты (прежде всего, цивилизационные кризисы), которые мы наблюдаем в настоящий момент. В заключении автор предлагает в качестве первого антикризисного шага акти визировать филологическую составляющую образовательного процесса, в том числе – на уровне высшей школы. N2 - The purpose of this article is to study one of the aspects of globalization process, i.e. distribution of the English language, from the point of view of the theory of linguistic relativity pointing out the relation between the language and mentality of the speaker. The author analyses the relation of the English language to the >to have< group of languages and relation of the Russian language to the >to be< group of languages as well as particular forms of expression of these relations in the language as profound cultural attitudes. This can be explained, on one hand, from the point of view of Fromm’s concept about orientation of human either at acquiring or existence, and from the point of view of globalization and stereotypes and attitudes behind the globalization process that determine the results (civilization crises first of all), on the other hand. In conclusion the author recommends to promote philology in education including the system of higher education as the very first anti-crisis measure. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Meir, Jonatan T1 - >Die letzten Kabbalisten in Deutschland<: Gershom Scholem und die Familie Wechsler JF - G. Necker, E. Morlok, M. Morgenstern, 2014: Gershom Sholem in Deutschland. Zwischen Seelenverwandtschaft und Sprachlosigkeit, Tübingen (Mohr Siebeck) 2014, pp. 243-258. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mehring, Reinhard T1 - Max Weber (1864-1920) JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 391-402. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mehren, Günther T1 - Lieder – Symbole – Rituale. Wie ein Volk seine Identität schützt und bewahrt. Versuch einer Hommage an Lettland JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 18 / 2014, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 36-40 T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d18/2014i Y1 - 2014 VL - d18/2014i ER - TY - JOUR A1 - McLaughlin, Neil T1 - The Sociology, Biography, and Politics of Alienation JF - The Humanistic Psychologist, Vol. 42 (2014), pp. 292–297. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - McLaughlin, Neil T1 - Escapes from Freedom: Political Extremism, Conspiracy Theories, and the Sociology of Emotions JF - L. Chancer and J. Andrews (Eds.), The Unhappy Divorce of Sociology and Psychoanalysis. Diverse Perspectives on the Psychosocial (Studies in the Psychosocial, ed. by Peter Redman), New York (Palgrave Macmillan) 2014, pp. 161-189. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Marsden, George M. T1 - The Twilight of the American Enlightenment. The 1950s and the Crisis of Liberal Belief, New York (Basic Books) 2014, 264 pp. N2 - In The Twilight of the American Enlightenment, Bancroft Prize-winning historian George Marsden examines the faltering attempts by the country’s brightest minds to establish a new national identity and purpose for postwar America, and explains how their ef Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mao, Lingjun T1 - Study on Current Situation of Teacher-student Relationship in >China-Canada Joint Class< and the Strategies to Solve Relevant Problem Based on the Study of Humanistic Psychology [>中加班<师生关系现状及其对策的研究 – 基于人本主义心理学的研究], Master thesis, Education Management, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China 2014. N2 - 人本主义心理学是行为主义学派和精神分析学派以外,心理学史上的第三思潮。人本主义心理学理论强调以人为本,充分肯定人的尊严和价值,积极倡导人的潜能的实现。近几年来,人本主义心理学受到了教育理论界的广泛关注,它倡导教育部门应当积极的在教育实践中大量运用人本主义心理学理论指导具体工作。中外办学是当前教育交流国际化趋势下的一种的办学形式,中外合作办学班级学生在家庭教育教养环境、入学后的学习目的、学习内容等方面与普遍全日制班级有所不同,因此,这部分学生在学生期望、态度、行为习惯、甚至个性等方面都有一定的特殊性。本研究旨在探讨在实践中运用>真诚一致<、>无条件的积极关注<、>同理心”等这些人本主义心理学思想,实现中外办学班师生关系的良性发展。全文将分为六个部分:第一部分将阐述研究的理论、研究问题与研究意义;第二部分将回顾国内外师生关系的相关研究;第三部分将分析阐述人本主义的内涵、理论渊源、产生的理论基础及社会根源,并详细阐述马斯洛、罗杰斯和弗洛姆,这三位极具代表的人本主义心理学家对教育过程中教师和学生的基本认识和观点,最后分析人本主义心理学思想对当前教育的启示。第四部分主要是阐述我校中外办学班学生的特点,并对我校中外办学班学生师生关系现状进行分析,包括问卷的调查过程和调查结果;第五部分将通过对问卷的结果归纳,得出我校中外办学班师生关系存在的问题并分析造成问题的原因是什么;最后一部分将根据人本主义的心理学基本理论提出解决问题的建议。本文仅是从人本主义心理学的角度对教师如何与学生建立良好的师生关系进行了初步的探讨,还有待进一步的发展和完善。 N2 - Humanistic Psychology is the third thought psychology which outside of behaviorism and psychoanalysis school history. Humanistic Psychology theory is an emphasis on people-oriented, full recognition of human dignity and worth, and an active promotion of the realization of human potential. In recent years, humanistic psychology has been widely concerned by educational theorists, it actively advocates for the education sector in educational practice extensive using the human humanistic psychology theory to guide specific tasks. Foreign school is a new of school under the current trend of international educational exchanges from full-time students in Foreign cooperative educational students in widely differ family education, class upbringing environment, after school learning objectives and learning content so these students have certain particularity in expectations, attitudes, habits, and even personality. - This paper aims to use >good faith agreement<, >unconditional positive attention<, >empathy< to put the humanistic psychology into practice and to achieve the positive development of teacher-student relationship in the foreign cooperative school. The text will be divided into six parts: The first part of this paper will explain the theoretical background and the significance of the issues raised.– The second part is the analysis of human connotation of the doctrine.– The third part is the analysis of theory origin, the theoretical basis, the resulting social roots, and the elaboration of Maslow Rogers and Fromm with their basic understandings and perspectives of the teachers and students in the educational process in their great humanistic psychology theory The final analysis is the revelation of personal humanistic psychological thoughts on the current education.– The fourth part mainly explains the characteristics of the foreign cooperation program in my school and analyzes the relationship between teachers and students in the foreign cooperation school, including the investigation process and findings of the questionnaire; the fifth part is the summary of the questioned results. - In order to make a conclusion of the reasons for the problems of teacher-student relationship; the last part is the suggestion and solution of problem according to the basic theory of humanistic psychology. This article is only a preliminary discussion of how to establish a good relationship between teachers and student from the perspective of humanistic psychology which is to be further developed and improved. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Manzo, Gustavo T1 - Los orígenes de la Psicología Social Analítica de Erich Fromm en la temprana Escuela de Frankfurt [The Origins of the Analytic Social Psychology of Erich Fromm in the Early School of Frankfurt] JF - Perspectivas en Psicología: Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines, Vol. 11, No. 1 (2014), pp. 25-33. [ISSN 1668-7175] [redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=483547665004] N2 - El presente artículo tiene como objetivo revisar, desde una perspectiva crítica, los orígenes sociales, históricos y teóricos que posibilitaron la emergencia de la Psicología Social Analítica desarrollada por el psicólogo Erich Fromm en la década de 1930 del pasado siglo. En este sentido, se incorporan las variables contextuales que configuraron un marco para el desarrollo de una psicología social que intentó aunar el pensamiento marxista con la teoría psicoanalítica. El análisis de sus primeras obras >Obreros y empleados en vísperas del Tercer Reich< (1929) y >El dogma de Cristo< (1930) resultan de importancia central para comprender su propuesta teórica dentro de la Escuela de Frankfurt en medio del ascenso del nazismo en Alemania. N2 - The object of the present article is to review, from a critical perspective, the social, historical and theoretical origins that allowed the emergency of the Analytic Social Psychology developed by Erich Fromm in the 30s of the past century. According to that, contextual variables are incorporated, as they worked as a frame for the development of social psychology that attempted to unite the Marxist thinking with Psychoanalytic theory. The analysis of his early works >Workers and Employees on the Eve of the Third Reich< (1929) and >The Dogma of Christ< (1930) are of utmost importance to understand his theoretical proposal within the Frankfurt School amid the rise of Nazism in Germany. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Manning, Philip T1 - The Ethnographic Spiral: Reflections on the Intersection of Life History and Ideal-Typical Analysis JF - L. Chancer and J. Andrews (Eds.), The Unhappy Divorce of Sociology and Psychoanalysis. Diverse Perspectives on the Psychosocial (Studies in the Psychosocial, ed. by Peter Redman), New York (Palgrave Macmillan) 2014, pp. 220-233. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Malinowska, Alina T1 - For Nature with Love: >Fuck for Forest< – An >Unromantic< Perspective [Przyrodzie, z miłością: >Fuck For Forest< – oblicze nieromantyczne] [Pro Natur mit Liebe: >Fuck For Forest< – keine romantische Perspektive] N2 - Celem artykułu jest analiza problemów związanych z działalnością na rzecz ochrony środowiska w świetle metod ochrony przyrody związanych z afektywnym podejściem do zagadnień natury. Artykuł omawia zjawisko >Fuck For Forest<, związane z działalnością międzynarodowej organizacji ekologicznej, pozyskującej środki na wspieranie przedsięwzięć pro-ekologicznych za pomocą pornografii. Działalność grupy ujawnia złożoność przedsięwzięć ekologicznych, obnażając problemy związane z wolontariatem, różnicami kulturowymi, kulturową tożsamością oraz kulturowo uwarunkowanym pojęciem natury. Wskazuje na liczne dylematy związane z biofilią, jakie ujawniają się we współczesnych formach ochrony środowiska. N2 - Der Zweck dieser Arbeit liegt darin, die mit dem Naturschutz verbundenen Probleme im Lichte der affektiven Einstellung zu Naturschutzmethoden zu erforschen. Die Verfasserin bespricht das Phänomen >Fuck For Forest< und die Tätigkeit der internationalen Gruppe von Umweltaktivisten, die aus Einnahmen ihrer gleichnamigen Webseite mit pornografischen Amateuraufnahmen Umweltschutzprojekte finanziert. Diese Tätigkeit offenbart die ganze Komplexität der Umweltschutzmaßnahmen und legt die mit dem Freiwilligendienst, Kulturunterschieden, Kulturidentität und kulturbedingter Auffassung der Natur verbundenen Probleme offen. Zum Vorschein kommen zahlreiche Dilemmata der Biophilie (Liebe zu Lebendigen), die sich in gegenwärtigen Umweltschutzformen erkennen lassen. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Maccoby, Michael T1 - Building on Erich Fromm's scientific contributions JF - Fromm Forum (English Edition – ISSN 1437-1189), 18 / 2014, Tuebingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 7-15. T3 - Fromm Forum (English edition / englische Ausgabe) - e18/2014a Y1 - 2014 VL - e18/2014a ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ma, Yingjie T1 - Genius of >Lost< – Try to Mirror the Theory and the >Art of Love<. Film Analysis >She Lonely Than Fireworks< [天才的>失落<——试以镜像理论和>爱的艺术<分析电影《她比烟花寂寞》] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Youth Literator [青年文学家], No. 6 (2014), pp. 78-79. N2 - 英国电影《她比烟花寂寞》以英国天才大提琴家杰奎琳•杜普雷的生平为故事蓝本,以独特的叙事结构、深入的人性挖掘讲述了杰奎琳和希拉里两姐妹的复杂人生。从一直以姐姐为镜像的天才大提琴演奏家杰奎琳身上,我们可以看到天才内心的缺失,分析她在他者中寻求自我构建的内在心理机制和对爱的渴求。本片很好地印证了人孤独的本质正是缘于爱的缺乏这一弗洛姆阐述的深刻主题。 N2 - British film, >She Lonely than Fireworks< , British genius cellist Jacqueline du Pre's life is the story of a blueprint, a unique narrative structure, digging deep humanity about Jacqueline and Hilary two sisters of complex life. From sister has been mirrored genius cellist Jacqueline body, we can see the lack of inner genius, analysis she sought psychological mechanism inherent desire for self-built and who love him. The film is well confirms the lonely nature of love is precisely due to this lack of Fromm describes the profound themes. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - M., Specter T1 - Partial Recall. Can neuroscience help us rewrite our most traumatic memories? 10 pp. Y1 - 2014 N1 - Ex libris Marco Bacciagaluppi ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Lukoschik, Bernd T1 - Rohstoff Natur. Zu den Vorurteilen der Physik, Ökonomie und Ethik, Hirschaid (Selbstverlag) 2014, 263 pp. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lue, Yue T1 - Alienation and Restoration in >Herzog< [弗洛姆视角下赫索格的异化与回归], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 2014 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 索尔•贝娄(1915-2005)是二战后美国杰出小说家、诺贝尔文学奖获得者。在其长达六十年的创作生涯中作品无数,尤以描写犹太知识分子的异化而闻名,并致力于阐释自我本质与生存现实之间的矛盾。其代表作《赫索格》因展现了西方当代知识分子的处境与命运而得到广泛关注。国内外学者多用存在主义、女性主义、原型批评等相关理论对小说进行分析,鲜有从弗洛姆的角度来解读赫索格的精神异化与心灵回归。本文试图运用弗洛姆异化理论对赫索格异化与回归的主题进行探讨。本文共分为六章。第一章简要介绍了贝娄的生平、作品及《赫索格》的故事梗概,并指出本论文的意义。第二章为文献综述,阐述了《赫索格》国内外研究现状。国外评论家从小说主题、艺术手法、作品特色等多方面对其展开研究;而国内评论者则多用存在主义、女性主义的理论对小说进行主题分析。第三章是本文理论框架。首先对异化哲学概念的发展历程作了简要回顾,继而着重阐释了弗洛姆人性异化理论及其用真爱来实现心灵回归的途径。第四、五章为本论文主体。第四章运用弗洛姆人性异化理论对主人公的精神异化进行了分析,赫索格的异化集中体现在他与社会、与他人、与自我、与大自然的关系方面。进而得出赫索格异化的原因。美国社会环境及赫索格的犹太背景是导致其异化必不可少的外因,同时赫索格又受自身学术研究的影响,致使他深深地陷入异化状态。第五章根据弗洛姆爱的艺术理论,从赫索格的自省、亲朋间的真爱和大自然的抚慰这三个方面探讨主人公心灵回归的途径。基于上述分析,第六章得出结论。贝娄通过这部小说展示了现代文明所引发的精神危机和现代人的生存困境,并试图为赫索格寻求一条既不逃避现实又独立于时弊之外的理想道路。因此,生活在困境中的现代人,应在真爱的基础上重塑健全人格,以独立完整的个体融入现实世界,追求有意义的生活,实现自身的人生价值。 N2 - Saul Bellow (1915-2005) is the outstanding American novelist after WWII and the Nobel Prize winner. He has countless works in his writing career as long as sixty years and is famous for the description of Jewish intellectuals’ alienation. Bellow applies himself to interpret the contradiction between human nature and living reality. His representative work >Herzog< gets a wide public concern which shows the predicament and destiny of western modern intellectuals. Most critics have a thematic analysis from the perspectives of existentialism, feminism, archetypal criticism; rare of them from the perspective of Fromm’s theory. Thus, this thesis tries to use Fromm’s alienation theory to probe the novel’s theme by analyzing Herzog’s alienation and restoration. - This thesis is divided into six chapters. The first chapter briefly introduces Saul Bellow’s life experi-ences, his works and the plot of Herzog, as well as the significance of this thesis.– The second chapter presents the foreign and domestic literature reviews on Saul Bellow and Herzog. Critics abroad have wide researches on novel’s thematic analysis, writing techniques, work characteristics and so on. While in domestic researches, existentialism and feminism are the common uses in thematic analysis.– The third chapter is the theoretical foundation of this thesis. It firstly takes a general review of the development of alienation, and then introduces Fromm’s alienation theory of human nature and his true love theory for restoration.– The fourth chapter and the fifth chapter are the main body of this thesis. The fourth chapter makes a thorough analysis of protagonist’s alienation which embodies on his relations with society, with others, with nature and with himself, and further reaches the causes of Herzog’s alienation. The American society and his Jewish background are the inevitable external causes. At the same time, Herzog is also burdened by his academic study.– According to Fromm’s theory of love, the fifth chapter discusses the protagonist’s restoration from three aspects of self-examination, true love and nature.– The sixth chapter is the conclusion. By this novel, Bellow shows the spiritual crisis in modern culture and the survival dilemma of modern people, and he tries to find a way neither escaping from reality nor staying with the ills of the day for Herzog. Thus, people who live in dilemma like Herzog should integrate into the realistic world by love with independent sane personality, and pursue meaningful life. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lu, Yang T1 - An Inquiry into Fromm’s Human Nature Thought and Value of Times [弗洛姆人性思想及其时代价值探析], Master thesis, Foreign Marxism Research, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2014. N2 - 埃里希•弗洛姆是20世纪美籍德裔的哲学家、精神分析学家和社会学家,法兰克福学派重要成员,弗洛伊德马克思主义的重要代表人物,被誉为>20世纪的心灵透视者<>本世纪最有影响的思想家之一<。论文主体共分四章:第一章,着重阐述弗洛姆人性思想的生成语境。首先,弗洛姆的人性思想发端于人道主义与反人道主义的论争;其次,其人性思想回应了马克思主义是科学主义还是人道主义的论战,为马克思主义做了人道主义的辩护;最后,其人性思想超越了相对主义和绝对主义的人性观。第二章,从三个层面分析弗洛姆人性思想的主要内容。首先,探究弗洛姆人性思想的理论源流,其理论并不是简单综合弗洛伊德和马克思的思想,而是以马克思的历史唯物主义为基础扬弃弗洛伊德的精神分析学说;同时,犹太教信仰和东方禅宗的价值诉求也渗透进他的人性思想中。其次,重点论述弗洛姆人性思想的主要内容,其人性思想以人的生存处境作为逻辑起点,分析生与死、生命有限和潜能无限、个体化与孤独感这三对矛盾,人们在不断寻求解决这些矛盾的过程中产生了人的种种需要。最后,论述社会性格和社会无意识在社会发展中的作用。第三章,致力于揭示现代工业社会人的异化,分析几种典型的异化性格,探索实现人的解放、人的自由和人的全面发展。第四章,论述弗洛姆人性思想的时代价值。尽管弗洛姆的人性思想与建设和谐社会之间的差异是显要的,但两者都以人的发展和完善作为重大关切,因此可以比较、借鉴。首先,弗洛姆人性思想的目标与和谐社会构建的目标相一致;其次,就实现目标的路径而言,二者也不谋而合。因此,弗洛姆的人性思想作为一个基本成熟的理论,其包含若干的真知灼见对于我国和谐社会的构建具有重要的借鉴意义。 N2 - Erich Fromm is a famous German-American humanism philosopher, psychoanalyst and sociologist, and an important representative member of the Frankfurt School in the 20th century. He is known as >mind clairvoyant of the20th century<,>one of the most influential thinkers of the century<. This article is divided into three chapters: The first chapter elaborates the generation context of Fromm’s human nature thought. First of all, his humanity thought originates under the background of humanitarian and anti-humanitarian argument; Secondly, his humanity thought responds the debate of which Marxism is scientific socialism or humanitarian; Last, Fromm’s human nature thought is beyond relativism and absolutism of human nature.– The second chapter aims at analyzing the main content of Fromm’s human nature thought from the following three aspects. The first explores the theoretical origin of Fromm’s human nature thought. His human nature thought is not a simple comprehensive Freud and Marx’s thought, but is based on Marx’s historical materialism sublation of Freud’s psychoanalysis; simultaneously, the Judaism and the value pursuit of Oriental Zen penetrate into his human nature thought. The second emphasizes on the main content of Fromm’s human nature thought. People’s survival situation is the logical beginning, and analyzes three pairs of contradictions that the birth and death, limited life and unlimited potential, individualization and loneliness. People constantly seek ways to solve these contradictions, result in the need of the people. Finally, special emphasis is the role of social character and social unconscious in the process of development of society.– The third chapter is devoted to reveal the people’s alienation in contemporary industrial society. We analyze several typical personality of alienation, explore how to realize human liberation, human freedom and human general development.– The fourth chapter discusses the era value of Fromm’s human nature thought. Although Fromm’s human nature thought is different from building a harmonious society, both regard the development and perfection of people as a major concern. So they can compare and use for reference. Firstly, the goal of Fromm’s human nature thought coincide with the goal of building a harmonious society; Secondly, both have the same path of realization. Therefore, Fromm’s human nature thought is a basic mature theory that contains a number of insights and has important implications for our socialism harmonious society constructing. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Low, Remy Yi Siang T1 - Between Bethan and Me: A dialogue on the uncertain promise of education, precarious employment and what it means to be productive JF - Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies, Vol. 12, (No. 2, 2014), pp. 112-142. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Yang T1 - Fromm’s Thought of Moral Education and Its Contemporary Value [弗洛姆的道德教育思想及其当代价值], Master thesis, Comparative Pedagogy, Qufu Normal University, Qufu and Rizhao, Shandong, China 2014. N2 - 艾里希•弗洛姆是20世纪美国颇富影响的精神心理分析学家和杰出的人本主义哲学家,其宏富的思想体系中蕴含着深刻的道德观与道德教育见解。他以>异化<思想为理论武器,深刻而辩证地分析、批判了资本主义社会的种种道德病态现象。以此为基础,弗洛姆合理阐论了犹太教的道德观、马克思主义的人道观、弗洛伊德精神分析理论等思想体系的道德内核,提出了具有鲜明人本主义特色的人道主义伦理观、道德观,意在使西方社会从>异化<状态走向>健全社会<。本文旨在通过对弗洛姆伦理道德观的梳理,较为系统地阐述弗洛姆人道主义道德观的核心主张、精神实质及其之于道德教育建设的理论启示与实践价值。本论文除引论外,主要包括四部分。引论部分主要介绍了国内外学者对弗洛姆伦理道德观的研究现状以及本文选题的缘由与研究方法。第一部分考察了弗洛姆伦理道德思想形成的历史背景与理论来源,主要阐述了弗洛姆独特的个人成长经历及其人道主义伦理观的历史境遇,重点分析了犹太教、马克思主义人道观、弗洛伊德精神分析理论、巴赫芬母系氏族社会和禅宗佛学等多元思想对弗洛姆伦理道德观的影响。第二部分从人性论视角入手,较为系统地梳理了弗洛姆道德思想的理论要旨,阐述了其伦理观的理论内核——良心,自爱与幸福。第三部分重点探讨了弗洛姆道德教育思想的核心观点,主要包括:培养具有生产性人格的道德教育目标观;注重体验性知识的道德教育内容观;注重言传身教、榜样示范的道德教育方法论;注重平等互爱、和谐交流的师生观等。第四部分主要从培养目标、师生关系、校园文化和家庭教育等方面论述了弗洛姆道德教育思想对我国道德教育理论与实践的启示。 N2 - Erich Fromm is distinctive effect American spirit psychoanalyst and outstanding humanism philosophers in the20th century, whose systematic ideology in various ways contains profound ideas in values and moral education. He deeply and critically analyzed and criticized various moral morbid phenomena in capitalist capitalism society based on the theory of >alienation<. On this basis, Fromm reasonably explained morality and ethics of Judaism, humanism of Marxist, Freud’s psychoanalytic theory and other key elements of other ideologies, putting forward the ethics and morality with distinct characteristics in humanitarian, aiming to transfer western society from the state of >alienation< to the >sane society< In the dissertation, with comprehensive learning of Fromm’s ethics morals, I will logically expound on key proposition of Fromm’s humanism morality, spiritual essence and implication and practical values revelation to the development of moral education theory. The dissertation was divided into four sections. Introduction part includes the information of recent researches on Fromm’s ethics done by domestic and foreign scholars, reason of topic selection and methodology. Description of historical background and theoretical sources for the formation of Fromm’s ethics will be in the introduction which not only mainly focuses on the narration of Fromm’s unique growth experience and humanitarian ethics history situation, but also on the analysis of the influence of Judaism, humanism of Marxist, Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, Bachofen’s matriarchal society and Zen Buddhism, and so on, on Fromm’s ethics. – In the second part, from the perception of humanism, will systematic explanation of key principles of Fromm’s philosophy and description of key elements of ethics theory that are conscience, self-love and happiness.– In the third part, discussion on key ideas of Fromm’s moral education, including purpose of moral education to cultivate the person of productive personality; attention to the experiential knowledge in moral education; moral and educational methodology of self-engagement and model demonstration; mutual respect and effective communication between teachers and students, will be focused.– Finally, I will argue the implication of Fromm’s moral education thought, on theory and practice of Chinese moral education from the perspective of education aims, relationship between teachers and students and campus culture and family education. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Wenjing T1 - Educational Alienation of Love and Redemption [教育爱的异化与救赎], Master thesis, Principles of Pedagogy Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China 2014. N2 - 教育是爱的事业。作为学生,其内心深处都期待感受到教师对自己的爱,都渴望获得教师园丁一般的呵护。但学生对此常常感到困惑与失望,困惑为何感受不到教师的爱,失望教师不仅不理解自己,还将意志强加于自己。如此,教育爱对于学生来讲,成为了稀世罕见的珍宝一般,可望而不可即。但是,无论教育爱面对着误会或者困境,教育永远都离不开它。当前,教育爱面对着前所未有的异化困境,若要解决其异化困境,不仅要从外部因素分析,更应带从本质的层面进行解析。本文探讨了教育爱的异化的问题,从探讨教育爱的本质着手,辨析什么不是教育爱,什么是虚假的教育爱,从而清楚的分辨出教育活动当中各种借着爱的理由而出现的非理性行为。主要观点是:教育爱是教师追求自身完整的渴望;是人的固有属性善的直接体现;是源自于内心对他人同情的感情流露;是推己及人对待他人的尊重。教育爱对于受教育者身心的健康发展起到不可替代的促进作用,同时,对于教育者自身的追求和成长也会产生潜在的推动力。只是,在当前工具理性,社会冷漠以及生活根基变化的多方面因素的影响下,教育爱出现了向错误方向发展的倾向,包括教育爱的变质,偏倚,冷漠化以及平庸。只有认识并且深刻理解教育爱的本质,才能使教育爱拜托异化的困境,走向永恒。全文分为四部分,由探讨教育爱出现异化为初,以教育爱的救赎为止。具体是:第一部分提出了教育爱日益显现出了各种异化的问题,该问题会导致较为严重的后果。第二部分从分别从教育者本身,社会以及生活的层面,分析了教育爱出现异化问题的原因所在,主要包括工具理性的诱导,教育考评制度的单一,社会冷漠化以及生活根基改变的影响。第三部分从爱的理论方面着手,通过对柏拉图爱欲说,弗洛姆爱的哲学思想以及罗洛梅的爱欲思想进行阐 述,探索其中所蕴含的爱的启发与哲理。通过对爱的探索,找到教育爱的本质,即完整,同情,善良以及尊重。第四部分从主观和客观两方面,提出了对教育爱救赎 的方法建议 N2 - Education is the cause of love. Every student desires for the love from their teachers, just like the care of the gardeners. But students often feel confused that they could not feel the love from teachers and disappointed for the teacher’s misunderstanding, also give the law to student. Therefore, educational love becomes kind of a rare treasure to students, which is unavailable. However, no matter educational love faces difficulties or misunderstanding, education need to be with it forever. Currently, the educational love is facing unprecedented difficulties and alienation. To resolve this problem, we should not only analyze the external factors, but also to resolve it in essentially level. - This thesis discusses the alienation problem of educational love, starting from exploring the essence of educational love to distinguish the inveracious educational love. So the non rational behavior in the education activities could be recognized which stands by the reason of love. The main point is that educational love is the educator’s desire to pursue the full themselves, the direct embodiment of goodness which is the inherent property of human, the inner emotional outpouring of the sympathy for others and the interactional respect to others. Educational love plays a quite important role in promoting the development of educatee both for the physical and mental health. Meanwhile, educational love could provide the strength to the educator for their own potential and growth. But, under the influence of the current instrumental rationality, social apathy and changed life basis, educational love tends to step into a wrong direction, including deterioration, bias, indifference and mediocrity. Only to master the knowledge and understanding the essence of educational love deeply, could the educational love get out of the plight and go into eternity. The whole thesis consists of five chapters: starting from the alienation of educational love and ending with the redemption of educational love.– The first chapter presents the alienation problems of educational love, which are increasingly leading to some serious consequences.– The second chapter analyzes the reasons for the alienation problem of educational love from the aspects of educator, society and life foundation. The reasons include the induction of instrumental rationality, single evaluation system of education, social apathy and the impact of changes in life foundation.– The third chapter proceeds from the theoretical aspects of love, expounding the Eros of Plato, love philosophical thought of Fromm and Rollo’s theory of eroticism to explore the inner enlightenment and thought of love. Then discovering the essence of educational love which are completion, compassion, good and respect.– The fourth chapter put forward some advices and recommended method to redeem the educational love. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Qingshen T1 - Marx's Theory of Alienation and Difference to Fromm [马克思与弗洛姆异化论的差异] JF - Journal of Changzhou Institute of Technology (Social Science Edition), [常州工学院学报(社科版)], No.5 (2014), pp. 103-105. N2 - 异化作为一种贯穿人类发展始终的社会历史现象,不会因人类生产力水平的提升,物质生活资料的不断满足,就会被克服消除。现代社会许多问题的产生,矛盾的激化也是源于此。准确理解马克思和弗洛姆异化论的相异处,对于我们从主客观两个方面入手分析与解决现代社会发展中的深层矛盾,促进人与社会的全面进步,实现>中国梦>具有重要意义。 N2 - Alienation as a human development has always been a social phenomenon throughout history, not because of the level of productivity to enhance the human, material life continues to meet, it will be overcome eliminated. Produce many problems of modern society, the intensification of contradictions also stems from this. Accurate understanding of Marx's theory of alienation and Fromm deviations, we start to analyze and solve the development of modern society deep conflicts, and promote all-round progress of man and society, and >China Dream> from both subjective and objective significance. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Min T1 - 20th Century American Modern Fiction and >Alienation< [20世纪美国现代小说中的>异化人<] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Mangzhong Literature [芒种], No. 21 (2014), pp. 155-156. N2 - 20世纪,对人性异化的描写成为美国文学中的重要主题。本文运用弗洛姆的异化理论,从美国著名作家安德森、福克纳和塞林格代表作品中的人物分析入手,探索20世纪美国现代文学中不同类型的>异化人<,并总结其异化的根本原因,探索解决之道 N2 - 20th century depiction of alienation of human nature to become an important theme in American literature. In this paper, Fromm's theory of alienation from the famous American writer Anderson, Faulkner and Salinger character analysis of representative works start exploring modern American literature in the 20th century, different types of >alienation of man<, and summarizes its alienation the fundamental reason to explore solutions. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Jiangyin T1 - The Correlation between Fromm’s Ideology Theory and the Group Ideology [弗洛姆的意识形态理论与群体意识形态关联性], Master thesis, Foreign Marxism Research, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China 2014. N2 - 埃里希•弗洛姆(Erich Fromm,1900-1980)是20世纪法兰克福学派著名代表人物之一,他涉猎的学术范围相当广泛,包括哲学、社会学、心理学、精神病学等领域。本文涉及到的弗洛姆的意识形态理论,是他将马克思的人本主义学说和弗洛伊德的精神分析学说结合起来,站在社会学和心理学的角度,对现代人的生存现状、心理机制、社会异化现象进行剖析的理论,旨在对资本主义社会进行批判,并为现代人寻找一条出路。出于人道主义的关怀,他主张构建一个健全的社会,使人得到自由全面的发展。在他的意识形态理论中,他将社会性格、社会无意识作为经济基础与意识形态的中介环节,丰富了意识形态的内涵。将弗洛姆的意识形态理论与群体意识形态相关联,具有一定的理论价值与实践意义。本文主要从二者之间发生关联的可能性上入手,逐步挖掘弗洛姆意识形态理论与群体意识形态之间的关联性。本文主体包括七个部分的内容。第一部分是导论部分,简单介绍了本课题的选题缘由、研究方法、研究思路以及研究现状。并且对本文两个重要概念>意识形态<、>群体意识形态<作了界定。第二部分介绍弗洛姆意识形态理论提出的背景,分别从弗洛姆所处的时代背景,以及对他理论形成具有重要启发意义的理论背景来进行阐述。第三部分主要介绍弗洛姆意识形态理论所包含的内容。首先介绍其理论构成,主要包括社会性格理论、社会无意识理论、健全社会理论。接着分析了弗洛姆意识形态理论与群体意识形态发生关联的可能性。第四部分讨论社会性格理论与群体意识形态的关联。首先对>社会性格<的概念及形成过程作了解释,接着探讨了社会性格与群体意识形态的相互影响。第五部分讨论社会无意识理论与群体意识形态的关联。相对应的,也是首先介绍>社会无意识<内涵及其产生原因,接着分析了二者的相互作用力。第六部分探析健全社会理论与群体意识形态的关联。首先对不健全的社会——资本主义社会进行了简单描述,接着对身处不健全的社会的人进行了分析,指出资本主义社会中的人是异化的人。接着根据弗洛姆的思想,分析了经济、政治、文化三方面的变革对群体意识形态产生的影响。第七部分探究弗洛姆意识形态理论与群体意识形态关联性研究的理论意义。指出弗洛姆意识形态理论并非都是合理的,它也存在局限性,以启示我们应该采取批判吸收的态度对待弗洛姆思想,以期对我们的现代化建设提供参考意义。 N2 - Erich Fromm (1900 – 1980) is one of the most famous figures of Frankfurt School in the20th century. His academic scope covers philosophy, sociology, psychology, and psychiatry, etc. Stunning spot in his academy is to combine Freud’s psychoanalysis with Marx’s theory of humanism. Fromm’s ideology theory is such a kind of critical theory that he stood at the angle of sociology and psychology, as focuses on the survival situation of the modern men, psychological mechanism, and alienation phenomena in the capitalist society. Based on the critical attitude toward capitalism, Fromm tries to blaze the trail for modern people. He finally composes a >perfect society< out of humanitarianism, in which everyone can get free and all-out development. In his theory, social characters and social unconsciousness are the mediation between economic base and ideology, which enrich the content of ideology. It’s important to study Fromm’s ideology theory in modern society. Connecting his ideology theory with the group ideology is of both theoretical and practical significance for the construction of socialist ideology. For this paper, it explores the possibility of the correlation between Fromm’s ideology theory and the group ideology as a start. Then this paper discusses the correlation between them as follows. - The first part is the introduction, in which I introduce reason, research methods, research ideas as well as the study status at home and abroad, and then define ideology, group ideology.– The second part deals with the background of Fromm’s ideology theory. It has two contents: social background of his time and theoretical background, which are instructive for him.– The third part is to describe the main content of Fromm’s ideology theory. First of all, I introduce the formation of his theory, including social character theory, social unconsciousness theory and the sane society theory. Then, I explore the possibility of the correlation between Fromm’s Ideology Theory and The Group Ideology.– The fourth part discusses the relationship between social character theory and the group ideology. Firstly, I explain the concept of >social character<, and introduce its formation process. Then I study in the interaction between social character and the group ideology.– The fifth part discusses the correlation between social unconsciousness theory and the group ideology. Similarly, this paper introduces the basic definition of >social unconsciousness< first of all, and explains its cause at the same time. Then the acting force between social unconsciousness and the group ideology is analyzed.– The sixth part discusses the correlation between the sane society theory and the group ideology. First of all, this paper describes an unsound society – the capitalist society and what the people are like in this society, pointing out that the individuals in the capitalist society are alienated. The following part analyzes the influence on the ideology posed by the change of economy, politics, and culture. – The seventh part explores the theoretical significance of choosing this subject. In this part, I point out that not all the thought of Fromm are reasonable, and his thoughts have some limitations, too. We should absorb the essence of Fromm’s ideology theory in a critical way to perfect the modernization drive of China. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Jia T1 - Nietzsche's >Superman< and Fromm's >New Man< Contrast [尼采的>超人<与弗洛姆的>新人<对比] JF - Journal of Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University [山东农业工程学院学报], No. 6 (2014), pp. 110-111, 115. N2 - >超人<论是尼采权力意志思想的集中体现,代表了一种精神贵族的立场。而弗洛姆的>新人<论是重生存的生存方式的生命体现,代表了克服物化、独立自由的精神。本文从人的性格结构和心理机制层面出发,分析尼采的>超人<与弗洛姆的>新人<之间的异同点。 N2 - >Superman< on Nietzsche's will to power is a concentrated expression of thought, represented a spirit of noble stance. The Fromm's >new< theory is important for survival of life embodied way of life, represents the overcoming materialize the spirit of independence and freedom. From the character of the structure and level of human psychological mechanisms, analyzes the similarities and differences between Nietzsche's new man< between. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Haihui A1 - Zhang, Lin T1 - Alienation Consumption and Its Humanitarian Redemption: Consumer Alienation Theory Fromm’s [异化的消费及其人道主义救赎:弗洛姆消费异化理论探析] JF - Theoretic Observation [理论观察], No. 8 (2014), pp. 51-53. N2 - 弗洛姆在马克思劳动异化思想的基础上提出了消费异化的理论。他认为在资本主义消费异化的社会环境中,人变成了贪婪的消费机器、人们在异化的消费过程中感受和体验到的只是虚假的自由和虚幻的幸福。这种病态的消费方式已经给人类的生存和发展带来不可避免的危机,要扬弃这种异化,就必须要养成人道主义的消费行为。面对弗洛姆的消费异化理论,我们既不能全盘吸收也不能全部否定,必须要坚持历史唯物主义的观点,既要看到其应有的历史意义和现实价值,又要看到其存在的历史局限和理论不足。 N2 - Fromm on the basis of Marx's thought on the alienation of labor put forward the theory of consumer alienation. He believes in the capitalist consumer alienation of social environment, people become greedy consumer machines, people in the process of alienation of the consumer to feel and experience only a false illusion of freedom and happiness. This consumption morbid crisis has brought the inevitable human survival and development, we must abandon this alienation, it is necessary to develop humanitarian consumer behavior. Faced with Fromm's theory of alienation consumption, we can neither absorb nor all the negative overall, we must adhere to the historical materialist view, we must see its proper historical significance and practical value, but also see its existence limitations and lack of historical theory. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Boshi A1 - Sui, Lishuang T1 - Development and Enlightenment of the Theory of Alienation – Comparative Dimension of Theories of Alienation of Marx, Lukács and Fromm [异化理论的发展及启示——马克思、卢卡奇、弗洛姆异化理论的对比研究][application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of the Staff and Worker’s University [职大学报], No. 5 (2014), pp. 34-38. N2 - 异化是一个有着悠久历史的理论范畴,自马克思提出劳动异化理论后,对后世产生了深远的影响。卢卡奇继承了马克思的思想,提出了物化理论,批判资本主义异化现象;弗洛姆则将马克思主义和弗洛伊德心理分析结合,从文化工业影响的角度描述异化现象。马克思、卢卡奇和弗洛姆的异化理论都关注社会中人的生存问题,但侧重点不同。通过对三位学者异化理论的梳理探讨,能够对我国当前人的生存样态分析提供参考,为我国精神文明建设提供一个基点。 N2 - Alienation is a theoretical category of long history. Marx put forward the theory of labor alienation and exerted a profound influence on later ages. Lukács inherited Marx’s thinking, put forward the theory of materialization and criticized the capitalist alienation phenomenon; Fromm combined with Marxism and Freud’s psychology and described the alienation phenomenon from the view of the effects of cultural industry. Marx, Lukács and Fromm’s alienation theories are concerned with the problems of survival of the people in a society, but the focuses are different. Through discussing and combing of the three scholars’ theories of alienation to comb, good reference to the state of our country’s current analysis of people and a basis for the construction of spiritual civilization in our country can be provided. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lippmann, Paul T1 - Review Friedman, L. J.: The Lives of Erich Fromm: Love's Prophet: Erich Fromm: The Opera JF - Contemporary Psychoanalysis, Vol. 50 (No. 3, September 2014), pp. 472-477. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lin, Junfeng T1 - A Comparative Study of the Thought of Marx and Fromm [马克思与弗洛姆人本思想比较研究] JF - Journal of Guangdong University of Education [ 广东第二师范学院学报], No. 6 (2014), p. 40-44. N2 - 马克思和弗洛姆始终信奉社会主义,把人看作人,追寻人与社会的和谐。他们视角一致,极为冷静和理智地看待人和社会,不愧为诊断人类疾病、指点人类命运的思想大师。相比较而言,马克思着眼于国家、社会的宏观架构,弗洛姆着眼于微观环境的改善;马克思强调国家行为,弗洛姆强调个人、群体的心理、行为可改变社会环境。马克思的人本理论为社会主义的实现铺设了经济、政治、文化的框架和基础,而弗洛姆的人本理论则是各个方面的细化和深化。他们的人本理论合在一起,显示出社会主义思想具有内在的连贯性和整体性,具有真正的活力和吸引力,而不是枯燥无味的教条,并且使社会主义者不再感到气馁,从而可以切切实实地做一些有益的事情。 N2 - Marx and Fromm always believed in socialism, people as people search for harmony between man and society. Consistent with their perspective, very calm and rational view of man and society, deserves to diagnose human diseases, pointing ideological masters of human destiny. In comparison, Marx focused on the state, society's macro framework, Fromm aimed at improving the microenvironment; Marx stressed state actors, Fromm emphasis on individual, group psychology, behavior can change the social environment. Marx's socialism for the realization of this theoretical framework and laying the foundation for economic, political, cultural, and Fromm various aspects of this theory is the refinement and deepening. Their people together in this theory, showing that socialist ideology inherent consistency and integrity, with a real dynamic and attractive, but not boring dogma, and the socialists no longer feel discouraged, which can cut effectively in the field to do some useful things. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liang, Ying T1 - An Interpretation of Zhang Ailing’s Mode of Artistic Thinking From an Individualistic Perspective [>个体性<视角下的张爱玲艺术思维方式解读] JF - Journal of Shaanxi Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition) [陕西师范大学学报 (哲学社会科学版), ], No. 6 (2014), pp. 67-72 N2 - 张爱玲的文本中充满了独特的识见。这种异于众数的一己之见与她对文学真实性的自觉追求有关,但更主要地缘于她独特的艺术思维方式。这种异于常态的艺术思维方式,既是对思想自由的坚守,也是张爱玲具有弗罗姆所说的>个体性<的重要体现。纵观古今,即使在当下,也只有极少数的作家能够达到<个体性>的水平<。正因此,从>个体性<的视角解读张爱玲的艺术思维方式,仍然具有积极的现实意义。 N2 - Zhang Ailing packed her text with original sights. Her individual sights had more to do with her distinctive mode of artistic thinking than with his self-conscious pursuit of literary truthfulness. This distinctive mode of artistic thinking of hers shows not only her persistence in free mind but a significant expression of individuality as Fromm commented, which is found seldom among current writers, let alone those in the past. Just for this reason, it is still of active realistic significance to interpret Zhang Ailing mode of artistic thinking from an individualistic perspective. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liang, Yi T1 - An Analysis of Fromm’s >Healthy Personality< [弗洛姆健全人格思想探析], Master thesis, Ideological and Political Education, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China 2014. N2 - 本论文主要研究当代美国著名哲学家、心理学家和社会学家埃里希•弗洛姆(Erich Fromm,1900-1980)关于人格的研究理论。人格理论是弗洛姆人学理论研究的重要一部分。>爱<是实现弗洛姆人学理论理想的重要途径,亦可以称之为他的理论重要支柱,他在著作《爱的艺术》中对>爱的理论<作了详尽地论述。本论文主要是在弗洛姆>爱<的理论语境下,以弗洛姆心理学和社会学相融合这一独特视角,对散见于弗洛姆不同著作中关于人格理论和思想进行挖掘、提炼并梳理,相对系统地对弗洛姆健全人格理论确定内涵和外延,以期从对>爱<这一理论地思考探索出通向健全人格之路。本论文在弗洛姆人道主义伦理思想的背景下展开弗洛姆健全人格理论三个组成部分即弗洛姆健全人格思想的成因背景、健全人格理论认识及塑造历程、健全人格的意义和价值为核心的系统研究。弗洛姆人格理论是在综合弗洛伊德学说与马克思学说基础上取得的重要成果之一,对现今人现实生活富足与精神世界虚无的矛盾状态下找寻伦理学向度的出路,在>爱<的理论这一捷径中,从爱自己到爱他人最终投向爱社会,彰显并肯定了弗洛姆健全人格理论对促进人地发展进步和幸福为宗旨的人道主义精神的价值坚守。我们可以清晰地明了健全人格与个人和社会的紧密联系,发现可资个人借鉴的精华和独特之处。虽然弗洛姆健全人格理论是基于资本主义社会背景中产生,但其独特的理论视角和理论个性对我国构建社会主义和谐社会有一定的启发意义 N2 - This thesis mainly studies the contemporary famous philosopher, psychologists and sociologists, Erich Fromm (Erich Fromm, 1900-1980) research on the personality theory. The personality theory is an important part of Fromm’s theory of human research. >Love< is the important way to realize Fromm’s theory of human ideal, also can call it important pillar, in his book >the art of love< to >the theory of love< as described in detail. This thesis mainly is in the context of Fromm’s theory of >love<, to Fromm the integration of psychology and sociology this unique angle of view, for referring to Fromm different writings about personality theory and thought of mining, refining and combing, relative system determine the connotation and denotation of Fromm’s healthy personality theory, in order to >love< from the theory of thinking to explore the path to a healthy personality. - This thesis under the background of Fromm’s humanistic ethics on Fromm’s sound personality theory three components of the Fromm the cause of formation of healthy personality thought background, knowledge and shape healthy personality theory, the meaning and value of healthy personality as the core of system research. Fromm’s theory of personality is based on the comprehensive theory of Freud and Marx’s theory of one of the important achievement, for nowadays people real life wealth and the spiritual world nothing contradictory condition look for outlet ethics angle, in the theory of >love< this shortcut, from love yourself to love others to love society, eventually reveal and affirmed the Fromm’s sound personality theory to promote the development and progress and happiness for the purpose of the value of the humanitarian spirit. We can clearly understand the healthy personality and personal and social ties, and found that the goodness of the personal reference and uniqueness. Although Fromm’s sound personality theory is based on the background of capitalist society, but its unique theory angle of view and the theory of personality of our country in building a harmonious socialist society has certain enlightening significance. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Zhi T1 - On Fromm's >Negative Freedom< and >Positive Freedom<—Reflections on Fromm's >Ecape from Freedom< [试论弗洛姆的>消极自由>和<积极自由<——读弗洛姆《逃避自由》有感] JF - Journal of Hebei Youth Administrative Cadres College [ 河北青年管理干部学院学报], No. 4 (2014), p. 97-99. N2 - 自由在不同的学科和不同的流派都有着不同的定义和侧重点,在弗洛姆的自由学说中,更多的是侧重于心理学的层面。弗洛姆从心理学的层面认为人之所以要逃避自由,不是真的要逃避自由,而是要逃避所谓的消极自由,摆脱消极自由所带来的自身孤独无力感,摆脱现实资本主义社会机制所带来的对人的能力和潜质的限制,以求达到自我能力的全面发挥,获得积极自由,获得最终的人生自我实现,但是在从消极自由跨越到积极自由的路径上,弗洛姆依然过多地依赖于心理学的解决办法,从而使该路径太过理想化,而无法触及对资本主义社会的现实弊端的批判。 N2 - In Fromm's doctrine of freedom, the focus is more on the psychological aspect. In Fromm's theory of freedom, the focus is more on the psychological level. From the psychological level, Fromm believes that the reason why people want to escape from freedom is not really to escape from freedom, but to escape from the so-called negative freedom, to escape from the loneliness and powerlessness brought about by negative freedom, to escape from the limitations on human abilities and potentials brought about by the real capitalist social mechanism, in order to achieve the full development of their abilities, to obtain positive freedom, and to obtain the ultimate self-realization in life. Fromm still relies too much on psychological solutions on the path from negative freedom to positive freedom, thus making the path too idealistic and unable to touch on the critique of the realities of capitalist society. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Yue T1 - Psychological Analysis on the Absence of Love in Toni Morrison’s Novel >Love< [对托尼•莫里森小说《爱》中爱的缺失的心理分析], in: Youth Literator [青年文学家], No. 5 (2014), p. 54. [application of Fromm's theories to art] N2 - 托尼•莫里森是第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国黑人女作家,在美国和世界文坛上起着重要的作用。在2003年出版的第八部小说《爱》中,她继续关注在父权制、性别歧视和种族歧视下生活的黑人女性。小说随以爱为主题,讲述的却是爱的缺失,描述了黑人女性悲惨的命运和生存状况。本文分析了小说中黑人女性生活中种种爱的缺失:母爱的缺失,姐妹情谊的缺失,婚姻中爱的缺失。并以心理学家弗洛姆的心理理论为依据,阐释了这些缺失的爱产生的根源。 N2 - Toni Morrison was the first African American to win the Nobel Prize for literature writer, plays an important role in the United States and world literature. In the eighth novel, published in 2003 >Love<, she continued attention in the patriarchy, gender and racial discrimination of black women living. Fiction with the theme of love, but it is about the lack of love, describing the tragic fate of black women and survival. This paper analyzes the novel kinds of black women living in the absence of love: the lack of maternal love, lack of sisterhood, the lack of love in marriage. Love the root causes and psychological theories based psychologist Erich Fromm, illustrates these missing. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Yin T1 - Analysis of Feminism in >The Yellow Wallpaper< [浅析《黄色墙纸》中的女性主义] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Bengbu College [蚌埠学院学报], No. 4 (2014), pp. 64-67. N2 - 通过对吉尔曼《黄色墙纸》中的女主人公形象的解读,认为将其归为>疯癫<类型仍是父权制社会意识形态话语的体现。她的>疯狂<行为其实是一种找寻自我、追求自由的方式。吉尔曼通过刻画该女性形象,藉以反抗男权社会对女性甚至女性创作的压抑,打破了传统性别、身份的二元对立。 N2 - A reading of the female protagonist in Charlotte Perkins Gilman's >The Yellow Wallpaper< suggests that her classification as a type of >madness< is still a reflection of the ideological discourse of the patriarchal society. Her 'crazy' behavior is in fact a way of finding oneself and pursuing freedom. By portraying this female figure, Gilman rebels against the repression of women and even female creativity in a patriarchal society, breaking the traditional binary of gender and identity. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Xianyue A1 - Gao, Zhuangwei T1 - The Discourse of Fromm’s Human Interpretation for the Labor Theory of Marx [试述弗洛姆对马克思劳动理论的人学解读] JF - Journal of The Party School of Shengli Oilfield [胜利油田党校学报], No. 4 (2014), pp. 36-39. N2 - 作为西方马克思主义的重要代表人物之一,弗洛姆从人学这一独特视角解读了马克思的劳动观。在《马克思关于人的概念》一书中,他从三个层面剖析了马克思的劳动理论。首先劳动是人的自我表现,其次劳动使人自己得到了发展,变成为人自身,最后劳动作为达到目的的手段和目的本身,也是一种享受。我们认为,在后现代语境下,弗洛姆的这种人学式解读为更好地理解马克思主义提供了崭新的视域,但是站在历史唯物主义立场,其仍然具有局限性。 N2 - As an important representative of Western Marxism, Fromm expounds Marx’s labor theory from the unique perspective of human interpretation. In the book of >Marx’s concept of human<, he analyzes it from three sides. Firstly, labor is human’s self-expression. Then labor will develop human and make human into itself. Finally, as a means to an end and an end itself, labor is also a pleasure. Though his humanistic discourse does help to better understand Marxism in the postmodern context and provide a new realm, yet this analysis has some limitations in the position of historical materialism. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Xiale T1 - Study on Fromm’s Freedom [弗洛姆自由观的探讨], Master thesis, Literature and Art, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China 2014. N2 - 埃里希•弗洛姆作为20世纪西方著名的哲学家、心理学家和伦理学家,也是法兰克福文化批评学派的重要代表,著名的弗洛伊德主义的马克思主义者。自由问题自古便常谈而常新,时代发展到资本主义发达阶段,弗洛姆以其独特的理论建树和视角展开了对时代自由困境和出路的探讨。本文的主旨是对弗洛姆丰富的自由思想进行梳理,在此基础上将弗洛姆的自由思想放在更大的范围内进行比较和评判,并结合国内外的研究成果给予弗洛姆自由观客观理性的评价,将其自由观纳入其思想的至高处。在当代西方思想界对自由的研究中,弗洛姆的自由思想可谓深刻、全面和深入,但是许多相关论文和论著对弗洛姆的自由思想认识却不够深入和客观。弗洛姆自由思想内含许多内容,不可谓不深刻不系统。关注个体自由的人道主义情怀,关注社会实践的唯物实践观、关注个体人格和心理健全的精神分析观,以及颇具东方色彩的爱的哲学理念,这些都使得弗洛姆的自由思想具有不可替代的价值和意义。因而弗洛姆的自由思想在面对各种质疑和比较时,便往往越加显得深刻和全面。尤其最近几年对弗洛姆的研究再度兴起,也证明了弗洛姆思想的前瞻性和深刻性。本文主要分为以下几个部分:第一部分是对弗洛姆自由思想的理论背景和时代背景进行介绍,结合弗洛姆的个人经历,探寻其自由思想的来源。第二部分是对弗洛姆的自由观进行重点阐释和介绍,按照逻辑顺序对其自由观进行整体的感知和把握。自由的现状、困境、认识以及实现等都包含在弗洛姆的自由观里。并看到弗洛姆自由观的特色便是借助精神分析学对个体人格和心理进行剖析,探求逃避自由背后的深层原因。第三部分是在整体把握弗洛姆自由思想的基础上,结合国内国外的相关研究,展开一个横向或纵向的比较和分析,深入认识弗洛姆自由观的合理性和深刻性,并在一定程度上回击相关论述对弗洛姆自由思想的>管中窥豹<式质疑和误解。最后一部分便是对弗洛姆的自由观的意义和地位给于理性评价和认识,看到弗洛姆自由思想的时代发展和独创性。 N2 - Erich Fromm was a famous western philosopher, psychologist, and ethicist in the20th century. He is an important representative of cultural criticism of Frankfurt school and the famous Freudian Marxism. Freedom is an old as well as popular research subject. As the time developed to the advanced stage of capitalism, with the unique theoretical accomplishment and perspectives, Fromm launched the discussion on the plight of freedom and the way to be freedom. The theme of this article is to comb the rich thoughts of Fromm about freedom, then to compare and judge Fromm’s thoughts of freedom in a large scope, so we can give an objective and rational evaluation on the theory of Fromm’s freedom combining with the domestic and foreign research results, which makes us believe that the theory of freedom is in the center of Fromm’s theory. - In the contemporary study of freedom in the western ideological circle, the theory of Fromm’s Freedom is profound, comprehensive and in-depth. However, many related papers and works on the theory of Fromm’s freedom is not in-depth and objective enough. Fromm’s freedom thought is very comproud and systematic, containing many contents, such as the humanitarian feelings of paying attention to individual freedom, the practice materialism of paying attention to social practice, the psychoanalytic view of paying attention to individual personality and psychological health, and the philosophy of love with some oriental color. All of these ideas make Fromm’s freedom thought irreplaceable and significant. Thus Fromm’s theory of freedom is usually more profound and comprehensive when facing all sorts of questions and comparison. Especially in recent years the study of Fromm’s ideas rises again, which also proves the prospective and the depth of Fromm’s thought. - This paper is mainly divided into the following several parts: The first part is an introduction of the theoretical and era background about the theory of Fromm’s Freedom. Meanwhile, combing Fromm’s personal experience, we can search for the source of his freedom thoughts.– The second part is to focus on the interpretation and introduction of Fromm’s freedom view, to perceive and grasp the theory of Fromm’s Freedom overall according to the logical order. The theory of Fromm’s Freedom contains the present situation, difficulties, understanding and implementation about Freedom. And understanding the characteristics of Fromm’s freedom is considerating the individual personality and psychology with the help of psychoanalysis, and to explore the deep reasons behind the escape from freedom.– The third part is making a horizontal or vertical comparison and analysis after an overall grasping of the theory of Fromm’s Freedom, to recognize the rationality and the depth of Fromm’s freedom theory on the basis of related research at home and abroad, and to fight back on the question and misunderstanding of Fromm’s freedom thought to some degree.– The last part is to give the significance and status of Fromm’s idea a rational evaluation and cognition, realizing the historical development and creativity of the theory of Fromm’s Freedom. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Shujuan T1 - >Lady Chatterley's Lover< Sexual Description from Fromm’s New Psychoanalytic Text Topic [从弗洛姆的新精神分析文论谈《查泰莱夫人的情人》的性描写] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Youth Literator [青年文学家], No. 17 (2014), pp. 82-83. N2 - 弗洛姆的新精神文论对文学作品的思维与创作过程做了极富启发性的诠释。而本文将运用弗洛姆该理论,分别从创作原因、艺术象征、语言表达三方面分析劳伦斯的经典之作《查泰莱夫人的情人》中的性描写,以突出其的价值所在。 N2 - Fromm’s new spirit of literary theory and creative process of thinking to do the interpretation of literary works very enlightening. The paper will use the theory Fromm’s, respectively, from creative reason, artistic symbolism, language analysis of three aspects of Lawrence's classic >Lady Chatterley's Lover< sexual description in order to highlight its value lies. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Qiuyu T1 - A Brief Analysis of the Transcendence of Love in >Love Medicine< [简析《爱药》中爱的超越] JF - Journal of Lanzhou Institute of Education [兰州教育学院学报], No. 7 (2014), pp. 35-36. N2 - 在代表作《爱药》中,厄德里克向我们真实再现了印第安族群的生活现状和文化传统,更重要的是她在小说中对爱的主题的渲染和描述。本文试图通过埃里希·弗洛姆关于爱的理论分析小说中最震撼人心的感情线索,并试图证明,真正的爱具有无穷的力量,可以超越血缘,超越时空,超越生死,超越一切。 N2 - In her masterpiece >Love Medicine<, Erdrich gives us a realistic picture of the life and cultural traditions of the Indian community, but more importantly, she describes the theme of love in her novel. This paper attempts to analyze the most powerful emotional threads in the novel through Erich Fromm's theory of love, and tries to prove that true love has infinite power, transcending blood, time and space, life and death, and everything. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Fang T1 - Feminine Charm – >Little Women< Personality Structure Analysis [女性的魅力—《小妇人》人格结构分析之我见] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Reading Abstracts [读书文摘], No. 14 (2014), p. 8. N2 - 美国十九世纪后半期女作家露易莎•梅•奥尔科特以其长篇小说《小妇人》而闻名于世。这部在形式上是家庭日志、在内容上讲述马奇家四姐妹成长的小说,以19世纪中叶美国内战时期的新英格兰小镇为背景,生动地体现出美国社会的变迁和文化传承,给读者留下了极为深刻的印象。本文运用了人本主义心理学家弗洛姆的人格机构理论来看待《小妇人》,通过仔细分析作品中主人公的人格结构,对人格完善、个性独立和自我约束等一系列有关女孩的成长问题作了一些初步的探讨。 N2 - Half of the nineteenth century American woman writer Louisa Mae Alcott her novel >Little Women< and famous. This is the family in the form of logs, about four sisters growing Marchi family novel in content to the 19th century in a small town in New England during the Civil War in America in the background, vividly reflect the changes in American society and cultural heritage, to readers left a very deep impression. In this paper, the agency theory humanistic psychologist Erich Fromm's personality to look at, >Little Women<, works by carefully analyzing the hero's personality structure, perfect personality, independent personality and self-discipline and a series of related girls grow gave a preliminary discussion. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Donglin T1 - Significance of the God – A Simple Comparison of the two Religious Perspectives [神的意义——两种宗教观之简单比较] JF - Journal of Qinghai Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition) 青海师范大学学报 (哲学社会科学版), No. 2 (2014), pp. 58-61. N2 - Erich Fromm 在《心理分析与宗教》中提出>极权宗教<与>人文宗教<两个概念,给宗教研究者提供了一种新的视角。无论是人文宗教还是极权宗教,其能否被世人接受,往往是以其实际的功效,而非以哲学的证明为标准。从这个角度看,神未必不是人的一个工具。 N2 - In >Psychoanalysis and Religion<, Erich Fromm proposed two conceptions, >Authoritarian Religion< and >Humanistic Religion< which provide religious researchers a new perspective. In fact the standard of a successful religion lies in its actual function, but not in the evidence of philosophy. From this point of view, the God can be regarded as a tool of man. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Leyva, Rodolfo T1 - On the Psychology and Libertarian Socialism of Erich Fromm: Towards an Empirically Based Psychological Retrofit JF - S. J. Miri, R. Lake, T. M. Kress (Eds.), Reclaiming the Sane Society. Essays on Erich Fromm's Thought, Rotterdam - Boston - Taipei (Sense Publishers) 2014, pp. 3-15. Y1 - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lewis, Jill T1 - Käthe Leichter: ›Max Weber als Lehrer und Politiker‹ JF - Markus Bitterolf, Oliver Schlaudt und Stefan Schöbel (Eds.): Intellektuelle in Heidelberg 1910-1933. Ein Lesebuch, Heidelberg (Edition Schöbel), 2014, pp. 171-188. Y1 - 2014 ER -