TY - GEN A1 - Schröder, Förg T1 - Besinnung in flexiblen Zeiten. Leibliche Perspektiven auf postmoderne Arbeit, Wiesbaden (Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften) 2009, 278 pp. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schuez, Gottfried T1 - Abschied von verbindlichen Werten? Albert Schweitzers Beitrag zur Erziehung in einer pluralistisch-interkulturellen Gesellschaft JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 13 / 2009, Tübingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 71-78. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d13/2009j Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schultz, H. T1 - >Haben oder Sein<. Erinnerungen an Erich Fromm JF - Kulturclub.ch. Magazin des DRS 2, Basel (03. 12. 2009), pp. 2-3. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schwartzman, Gertrude T1 - Meeting Venus: A film about passion, and the outsider JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 18 (No. 3, 2009), pp. 189-193. N2 - This paper discusses the conflict between lustful desire leading to an extramarital affair and loyalty to one's partner. Drawing a parallel between the hero of Wagner's opera and the conductor-hero of the film Meeting Venus, the consequences of being an >outsider< are being considered. Whereas Tannhäuser's conflict is resolved in that he finds salvation from the Virgin Mary, Szanto is abandoned by the woman he loved and by his wife. He remains an outsider and alone. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sekine, Hiroaki T1 - エーリッヒ・フロム「自己実現」論の再構成 : 「持つこと」と「在ること」の連関に注目して [The Reconstruction of Erich Fromm's >Self-realization< Theory: Focusing on the Organic Relation between >To Have< and >To Be<] JF - [教育学研究 [The Japanese Journal of Educational Research], Vol. 76, No. 3 (2009), pp. 334-346. [doi.org/10.11555/kyoiku.76.3_334] N2 - 本稿の目的は、エーリッヒ・フロムの「自己実現」論を再構成し、その人間形成論的な可能性を提示することである。フロムはしばしば社会および人間を二つの位相に分けたうえで、片方を持ち上げてもう片方を非難するという論法を採用したが、従来それらは素朴な勧善懲悪的図式として理解される傾向にあった。だがその遺稿から明らかになったフロムによる初期マルクスへの直接的な参照は、そうしたフロムの方法論が決して単純な善悪二元論にはおさまらないことを示唆している。マルクスの言う私有財産の「止揚」プロセスとフロムの想定したこつの様式観が交わりあう過程とをそれぞれのテクストにより突き合わせていくことで、フロムの「自己実現」論は、発達の脱中心化を志向する近年の教育人間学的なモメントを理論レベルにおいて批判的に彫琢しうる、他とのつながりに開かれながらも「自己」へと再帰的に準拠する人間形成論として、新たに定位される。 N2 - The purpose of this paper is to reconstruct >Self-realization< theory of Erich Fromm (1900-1980) and to show the pedagogical potentiality through focusing on the dynamism of his methodized dichotomy. Erich Fromm used dichotomies repeatedly to analyze the composition of society and person. In fact, there were several instances such as >the nonproductive orientation< or >the productive orientation<, >necrophilia< or >biophilia<, and >to have< or >to be<. These ideas are usually thought to be simple dualism. In other words, these ideas are seen to have a naive character that one side of a problem is to be praised and the other side of the problem is to be criticized. So, many studies have pointed out critically that these ideas of Fromm tend to fall into excessive simplification and that he is a naive moralist. In pedagogy, the dichotomies of Fromm are always taken statically in the same way. Because those studies, most of which are developed as >Self-realization< theory, often set up a utopian goal unquestioningly, they have been unable to escape from the above-mentioned criticisms. However, can we find the depth which is beyond simple dualism in Fromm's way of presenting the dichotomy? We should not overlook the fact that Fromm has continued to criticize human reason as one of the members of the Frankfurt Institute for Social Research, and he did take it into account that persons and societies are full of contradictions. When we see Fromm says that one side of man is good and the other is bad, is it rather natural that we should assume some overlap behind his simple dualism? Assuming that his dichotomy has organic relation within, our understanding about his >self-realization< theory will be reformed to be more sound. On that concern, we take one of Fromm's dualistic ideas, >to have< and >to be,< and attempt to analyze the inner relation. For, this dualistic idea is thought to be the most representative and abstract one of Fromm's dualistic ideas. Actually, there are many examples to support this hypothesis on the ideas, >to have< and knowledge< seem to have some room to interpret his dualistic ideas and have organic relation with each other. Fromm refers to the possibility of the >productive< knowledge (= >being knowledge<) without overlooking the importance of the >non-productive< knowledge (= >having knowledge<). He thinks the latter knowledge can be changed to the former knowledge. Then, how does >the mode of having< develop to be >the mode of beingalienationto have< with the structure of private possession which Marx investigated. Throughout our examination to check the crossing between two forms with the process of >Aufhebung< of private property on their texts, Fromm's >self-realization< theory is redefined as the theory of the unique character-building driven by the unity with other people, which can critically reinforce pedagogical thoughts of decentralization at the conceptual level. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shapiro, Edward R. T1 - A View From Riggs: Treatment Resistance and Patient Authority – XII. Examined Living: A Psychodynamic Treatment System JF - The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 37 (2009), pp. 683-698. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shchelokova, Yu. V. T1 - Anthropological Content of Culture in Erich Fromm's Interpretation JF - Психология и Психотехника [Psychology and Psychotechnics], No. 12 (2009). [ISSN 2454-0722] N2 - In this article culture is viewed in the light of philosophical anthropology. The author analyzed how the term ‘culture’ changed through ages. The author also touched upon the anthropological aspect of culture. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Sheng, Guorong T1 - Toward a Humanized Technology: Erich Fromm's Utopia of Technology [技术人性化:埃里希·弗洛姆的技术社会理想——兼评弗洛姆的技术人性化思想] JF - Lanzhou Academic Journal [兰州学刊] No. 9 (2009), pp. 27-31. N2 - The thought of humanized technology which put forward by Erich Fromm is the theory origin and thought base of humanized technology which discussed by Chinese philosophy of technology today. The thought of humanized technology which put forward by Erich Fromm is part of his thoughts of humanized, and is the means of realization the humanized society. Fromm exerts his thoughts of humanized to scan the varieties phenomenon of inhumanity in the contemporary west capitalism and attributes them to the inhumanity of technology, thereby conceives a society of humanized technology. However, it is partial which put the inhumanity of society to the inhumanity technology and so called inhumanity of technology. N2 - 埃里希.弗洛姆的技术人性化思想成了技术哲学界探讨的一个问题,人们期望通过技术的人性化来化解当前人类面临的由技术应用所导致的各种问题。弗洛姆的技术人性化思想是其人性化思想的一部分,并且是作为实现其所设想的人性化社会的手段而出现的。弗洛姆运用其人性化思想来审视当代西方资本主义工业社会的种种不人性的现象并将之归因于技术的不人性,从而设想了一种技术人性化的社会。然而,将社会的不人性完全归之于技术以及所谓的技术的不人性等思想却是有失偏颇的。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shu, Yang T1 - Dilemma of Freedom – Interpretation of Fromm's Freedom Philosophy [自由的困境——解读弗洛姆的自由哲学] JF - Journal of Chongqing Radio Television University [重庆广播电视大学学报], No. 3 (2009), pp. 37-39. N2 - Fromm, psychoanalysis, sociology-based, build their own unique view of freedom. He believes that in modern capitalist society, people in a dilemma: both aspire to the pursuit of freedom, but also unbearable thus arising from the spirit alone, turn to trying to escape from freedom, however, escape the way to freedom is not a modern man out of the woods, positive freedom is avoid alone the best way to spontaneous love and the creation of this positive the only effective way to freedom. N2 - 弗洛姆以精神分析社会学为基础,构建了自己独特的自由观。他认为,在现代资本主义社会中,人处于两难困境之中:既向往、追求自由,又难以忍受由此而产生的精神孤独,转而想方设法地逃避自由。但是,逃避自由不是现代人摆脱困境的出路,实现积极的自由才是避免孤独的最佳方式,而自发性的爱与创造是获得这种积极自由的唯一有效途径。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Silva García, Jorge T1 - Sein Weg zu Klarheit und Menschlichkeit JF - R. Funk (Ed.), Erich Fromm als Therapeut. Frühere Schüler erinnern sich an seine Praxis der Psychoanalyse, Gießen (Psychosozial-Verlag) 2009. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Silva García, Jorge T1 - His Way to Clarity and Humaneness JF - R. Funk (Ed.), The Clinical Erich Fromm. Personal Accounts and Papers on Therapeutic Technique, Amsterdam and New York (Rodopi Publisher), 2009, pp. 145-152. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sjödin, Christer T1 - Editorial: The exclusion of psychoanalysis and psychodynamic psychotherapy from the publicly financed medical health sector in Sweden T2 - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 18 (No. 2, 2009), pp. 131-134. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Soellner, A. T1 - >Emigrantenblicke< 1950-1965. Die westdeutsche Demokratie im Urteil von Franz L. Neumann und Otto Kirchheimer JF - M. Boll und R. Gross (Ed.), Die Frankfurter Schule und Frankfurt. Eine Rückkehr nach Deutschland, Frankfurt (Wallstein) 2009, pp. 278-287. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Song, Dexiao T1 - The Diagnostic of Alienation of Human Being and Its Prescription – Study on Fromm's Alienation Theory [人之异化的病理特征及药方——弗洛姆之异化理论探析] JF - Innovation [创新], No. 3 (2009), pp. 16-19. N2 - In Fromm's eyes the human the beings' productive the potential embodies its essence, but alienation is on a kind of negation to be to such potential. The cause of alienation contains two aspects such as human nature factor and society factor. As a matter of fact, for a man, alienation causes the spiritual inanity and dry-rot. According to Fromm, we can cure such a ailment as alienation in the ways of system and spirit with a prescription, which are humanistic socialism, love and collectivism-art. In fact, Fromm's theory about alienation were profound and particular, and he subjectively wanted to develop Marx's alienation theory, but actually he failed because there was some humanitarian ideology in his alienation theory. N2 - 在弗洛姆看来,人的生产性潜能发挥出人的本质,异化是对人的生产性潜能的否定。异化具有深刻的人性根源和社会根源,它导致了人的精神生活的空虚和人性的枯竭。弗洛姆认为,可以从制度和精神等方面对异化之症进行救治,他开出了人道主义的社会主义以及>爱<和>集体艺术<的诊治药方。弗洛姆的异化理论内容深刻,别具特色,试图继承和发展马克思的异化理论,但带有明显的人本主义色彩。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Souza Machorro, M. A1 - Cruz Moreno, L. T1 - Psicopatología y complicaciones del tatuaje y la perforación corporal JF - Instituto Mexicano de Psicoanálisi (Ed.), Fromm, humanismo y psicoanálisi, México Vol. 2 (2009), pp. 47-51. N2 - El tatuaje/perforación corporal históricamente muestra diversas motivaciones socioculturales, religiosas, tribales y sexuales. Los adolescentes (población mayormente afectada) exhiben desempleo y pobre participación religiosa, relacionable con tendencia a actividades exploratorias y patrones conductuales de impulsividad/ excitabilidad en >busca de sensaciones nuevas e intensas<, Las distintas complicaciones médicas (locales/sistémicas) que acompañan tal psicopatología (compulsiva, trastornos ansioso-depresivos, de personalidad -limítrofe-, paralíticos sexualessadomasoquismo-, o psicosis) descubren la >necesidad< paradójica de provocación/ aceptación: erotismo/dolor que tipifican una salud mental alterada. Estudios internacionales muestran que los portadores de conductas sexuales desviadas y actividades ilegales se asocian con consumo de psicotrópicos (pandillerismo, juego patológico, delincuencia); trastornos alimentarios, conductas de riesgo a la salud y proclividad suicida que requieren tratamiento apropiado y apoyo en programas educativos contra la autoagresión. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Spero, Moshe Halevi T1 - When the Light Shed by God is Dimmer than the Light Shed Upon God: Countertransference Illumination of Latent Religious Object Representations of a Jewish Patient in Psychoanalysis JF - The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 37 (2009), pp. 189-218. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Spero, Moshe Halevi A1 - Cohen, Mariam T1 - Introduction to a Symposium: The God Representation in the Psychoanalytic Relationship: When is Three a Crowd? JF - The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 37 (2009), pp. 001-020. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Spero, Moshe Halevi A1 - Cohen, Mariam T1 - Discussion of a Symposium: The God Representation in the Psychoanalytic Relationship: When is Three a Crowd? JF - The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 37 (2009), pp. 219-240. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stemmler, Bettina T1 - Biophilie – eine unwiderlegbare Hypothese? Seminararbeit am Psychologischen Institut der Universität Zürich, 2009, 31 pp. N2 - Die Existenz der positiven Wirkmechanismen von Heimtieren auf Menschen scheint plausibel, ebenso die Existenz von biophiler Emotionen und Verhaltensweisen, auch wenn die Biophilie-Hypothese weder bewiesen noch widerlegt werden kann. Besonderes Augenmerk sollte den Konsequenzen dieser Phänomene gewidmet werden. Wie können Heimtiere zu therapeutischen Zwecken genutzt werden, ohne dass sie dabei Schaden nehmen? Wie kann man Menschen dazu motivieren, Heim- und Nutztiere artgerecht zu halten? Wie kann man nachhaltige Einstellungen und Verhaltensweisen gegenüber der Umwelt fördern? Diese anwendungsorientierten und zum Teil essentiellen Fragen, bei denen Biophilie ein nützliches Instrument sein kann, sind relevanter als die Frage nach genetischer Determinierung. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stensson, Jan T1 - Inner freedom and independence: An interview with André Haynal JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 18 (No. 2, 2009), pp. 117-123. N2 - This interview, performed by e-mail from December 2007 to September 2008, covers the psychoanalytic itinerary of André Haynal. His emigration from Hungary to Switzerland gave him occasion to think about alienation and its significance for identity. Gustav Bally, among others, introduced André Haynal in the Swiss Psychoanalytic Society after a very special interview. Other encounters with prominent and interesting personalities such as Jean Piaget and Michael Balint are also evoked. Furthermore, Haynal?s involvement in the publishing of the Freud–Ferenczi Correspondence and in the renaissance of Ferenczi's influence in contemporary psychoanalysis is also discussed. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stephens, Piers H. G. T1 - Plumwood, Property, Selfhood and Sustainability JF - Ethics & the Environment, Vol. 14, No. 2 (2009), pp. 57-73. [Print ISSN 1085-6633] [doi.org/10.2979/ete.2009.14.2.57] N2 - In her final book, >Environmental Culture< as well as elsewhere, Val Plumwood advances the view that sustainability should properly be seen as emergent from an ecofeminist partnership ethic of nourishment and support between humans and nonhuman nature, and that such an ethic must replace the characteristic institutional structures and dominant conceptions of rationality found in capitalist modernity. In making this case, Plumwood impressively charts the impact and significance of the expansionist, exclusionary models of the disembodied but appropriative self found in Cartesian and Lockean thought along with the impact of private property doctrines derived from this source. However, whilst making reference to eco-socialist alternatives at the broader political level, Plumwood offers no systematic account of property that might dovetail with her wider philosophical concerns. In this paper I attempt to generate the start of such an account, drawing on Plumwood’s own canon and bringing it into relationship with (1) relections on ideas of belonging and culture drawn from a range of thinkers including Erazim Kohák, Erich Fromm, and William James, and (2) the contemporary debate over the relationship between green political thought and the liberal democratic tradition. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Stratigos, Katharine A. T1 - Not Your Grandparents' Psychoanalysis JF - The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 37 (2009), pp. 241-253. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Su, Yan T1 - [Looking Back on the Lost Spiritual Homeland: Myth – A Study of Literary Translation [回望失落的精神家园:神话—原型视阈中的文学翻译研究], Doctoral dissertation, English Language and Literature, Nankai University, Tianjin, China 2009 [application of Fromm’s theories to art]. T2 - This study is on an interdisciplinary theoretical construction with specific application to translations of the metaphorical literary works modeled on the mythical archetypes It is also a response to some translation theorists' call for a return to transl N2 - This study is on an interdisciplinary theoretical construction with specific application to translations of the metaphorical literary works modeled on the mythical archetypes It is also a response to some translation theorists' call for a return to translation studies proper, which reflects their increasing worries about the skepticism resulting from the >deconstructive paradigm< and about the tendency to replace translation studies with political concerns in the >cultural turn<. It contends that there should be a return to both literariness as well as language in literary translation. Since anything in existence often exhibits its nature in its origin, such a return entails going all the way back to the ultimate origin of language and literature-myth. By introducing myth-archetype theory into literary translation studies, the author attempts to find a way out of the impasse of deconstructive paradigm by returning to the origin, universality and wholeness of literature. The dissertation stresses universality behind differences and order behind fragmentation, hoping to help translators and translation researchers restore their holy worship for the origination of both language and literature. Quite different from traditional translation studies which overstress rationality, it highlights the unconscious elements involved in literary translation by attending to the poetic effects of translations and the translators' somatic experience. It is especially applicable to translation criticism of metaphorical literary works modeled on mythical archetypes. The whole dissertation consists of five parts. The first part makes a brief review of relevant studies on myths and archetypes. The second part provides justifications for the introduction of myth-archetype theory into literary translation studies. The third part includes three chapters altogether and conducts a tentative investigation into three basic theoretical problems of literary translation studies in the perspective myth-archetype theory. The fourth part intends to construct a translation criticism method on the basis of Northrop Frye's >stand-back< method of myth-archetype criticism. The fifth part applies this method in translation criticism practice. The first chapter makes a brief review of relevant studies on myths and archetypes in different ages and disciplines to clear the ground for subsequent theoretical construction. It shows that >myth< and cultural turn< in translation studies. On the whole, this chapter borrows a lot from Northrop Frye's ideas. From Chapter Three to Chapter Five, in the perspective of myth-archetype theory, the author re-examines three basic theoretical issues of literary translation, namely, the translatability of literary works, the nature of literary translation and the translator's psychic structure. Translatability accounts for how literary translation comes into existence, the nature of literary translation defines the way how literary translation exists in one sense, and the translator's psychic structure explains why literary translation exists. On the basis of the stability of archetypes and Frye's descriptions of their various forms, this dissertation studies translatability of literary works by dividing the abstract archetype into four concrete literary elements, i.e. the theme, narrative structure, image and language of literary works. It maintains that primary concern myths explain the commensurability of themes in literature, and the structuralistic studies on the morphology of folk tales and narrative grammar provide evidence for the translatability of deep narrative structure of literary works. In addition, the archetypal image system underlying the metaphorical literary works enables literary works from different cultures to return to the same origin and those within the same cultural system but in different ages to be organized into a unity with its own specific tradition.– Since translating involves first of all linguistic transference, Chapter Three highlights linguistic translatability and proposes three types of linguistic archetypes, namely, Walter Benjamin's >pure language<, Erich Fromm's >symbolic language< and David Leaning's >mythical language<. They demonstrate linguistic translatability from fields of religion, psychology and anthropology respectively.– Incorporating the general nature of translating as linguistic transference and the nature of literature as poetic metaphor, Chapter Four tentatively defines literary translation as an art of creating poetic metaphors, i.e. a metaphor-understanding and metaphor-making activity. Chapter Five makes a comparison between literary translation and poetic metaphor from six aspects: etymological studies, innovative creation, co-existence of similarities and differences, partial transference, somatic presence and existential experience. This comparison exhibits the creative, polysemous, experiential and existential nature of literary translation, which is of metaphorical nature and keeps traces of primitive mythical thinking. The irrational elements in myths always give expression to mankind's unconscious emotions and desires, and archetypes represent collective unconsciousness in human mind. Therefore, the introduction of myth-archetype theory requires an inevitable concern on the subjects' unconsciousness involved in literary translation. The dissertation analyzes the translator's psychic structure from three aspects, i.e. collective unconsciousness, social unconsciousness and individual unconsciousness. It holds that as literary works modeled on myth-archetypes reveal mankind's collective unconsciousness, their translations may function as a psychic therapy. Since myths have always been interwoven with cultural and political motivations, literary translation consequently turns out to be a kind of symbolic activity to repress the nation's ideology, determine their social memory and invent a myth of the state. On the basis of Erich Fromm's ideas on social unconsciousness and the theory of identification in psychology, this dissertation re-explains the translation strategies of domestication and foreignization. It argues that domestication results from a nation's collective narcissism and false identification after its escape from freedom, while foreignization releases the repressed unconscious elements in the receiving culture. To be more specific, foreignization heals the metamorphasized language with the foreignized one. It also indicates the translator's metaphorical state of experience with his total empathy for the source text and the author. In the light of the theory of individual unconsciousness, this dissertation extends the meaning of translation and identifies the similarities between literary translation and psychotherapy. In other words, a translator of literary works is both an analyst and an analysand. Translation criticism, in one sense, is a mediator between translation theory and practice; therefore, after theoretical exploration, Chapter Six establishes a translation criticism method according to Frye's >stand-back< method in literary criticism with stresses on the awareness of levels, genres and intertextuality. Level-awareness means criticism upon a translation on four different levels, that is, linguistic signs, multi-level meanings, text structure and archetypal models. Genre-awareness plays a fundamental role in literary translation studies. It provides translators with writing norms and offers translation critics >horizon of expectation<, thus becoming the starting point of translation reception and criticism. Furthermore, the differences, hybridization and defining elements of genres make a considerable difference to translation criticism. The existent translation criticism generally focuses on comparison and contrast between a source text and its translations. With the entrance of archetypes, however, an intertextual perspective is added. Translation chains, literary traditions and cultural context function as leading intertextual elements in translation criticism. To prove the feasibility of the >stand-back< method of translation criticism stated in Chapter Six, Chapter Seven evaluates translations of two literary works, one is TS Eliot's poem The Wasteland and the other is a classical Chinese novel Journey to the West. These translations are criticized with awareness of levels, genres and intertextuality. As a tentative exploration into literary translation studies in the perspective of myth-archetype theory, this dissertation, in its statement and argumentation, preserves both the structuralists 'stress on universality and the deconstructivists' critical and intertextual awareness while avoiding the weak points of their theories. Therefore, it can converge with the present trend of >cultural turn< in translation studies, and avoid the deviation from translation proper caused by the cultural paradigm. Meanwhile, it finds an approach to returning to literariness itself, discovers the unconscious mind hidden behind translating, highlights the level-awareness in literary translation criticism and shows the continuity of ancient traditions to their contemporary development. Hopefully, it will shed new light on the understanding of literary translation as a whole. N2 - 目前,译界在对>文化转向<和>解构范式<的反思之后,提出了回归本体、回归语言的呼吁,对于文学翻译研究而言,还要回归文学性。在这种回归的过程中,本研究将视角投向了语言和文学的本源——神话,试图将神话-原型理论引入文学翻译研究,通过回归本源、结构、共性和整体,在解构主义范式走入困境之后,为译学研究提供的一种新的建构策略。本研究是一项多学科的理论建构,有助于恢复译界对语言和文学的神性起源的崇拜,认识到差异中的共性和分裂中的秩序;通过关注文学翻译中的诗意性和身体感受,在目前过分张扬理性的译学传统和语境下,凸显文学翻译中的无意识成分,尤其对具有神话-原型特质的隐喻性文学作品的翻译批评具有一定的启示意义。本文主要遵循学源追溯—合理性论证—基本理论问题研究—翻译批评方法建构—典型译作评析的研究思路,形成由远及近、由理论向实践转化和落实的研究路径。神话和原型因其内在的紧密联系常常被相提并论,神话是原型的语言载体,原型是神话故事中稳定性成分的凝结,许多对原型的认识本身就是神话研究的成果。由于是将译界一直较少关注的神话.原型理论嫁接到文学翻译研究的初步探索,文章第一章对神话和原型的研究史做了一番简要的回顾与梳理,为后续的翻译理论研究提供必要的知识储备和理论铺垫。除了回顾已有学术成果的要点之外,本章也初步总结了翻译界目前与神话-原型理论相关的一些隐性研究,作为后文理论建构的基础和参照。在理清相关学源之后,第二章从哲学、语言、文学和文化四个方面为将神话-原型理论引入文学翻译研究提供了合理性论证。本章首先肯定了卡西尔通过引入神话思维重新确立了人文学科及其认识论基础的学术贡献;其次,阐述了弗莱关于语言的起源和演化与神话有着割舍不断的牵连的思想;再次,重申了弗莱的观点,即文学是置换变形的神话,文学创作是原型的置换变形;最后,强调神话是一种文化模式,认为这使得神话-原型理论的引入与当前译学研究的文化大潮相契合。在论证了引入神话-原型理论的合理性之后,文章的第三、四、五章探讨了文学翻译研究中的三个基本理论问题,包括文学翻译的可译性、文学翻译的本质及译者的精神结构。关于这些问题已有不少研究成果,本文以神话-原型理论为新的观照视阈和理论依据重新阐释这些问题,其中可译性试图回答文学翻译以何存在的问题,本质研究回答文学翻译如何存在的问题,而译者的精神结构回答文学翻译因何存在的问题。这一部分也是本研究力争在文学翻译理论研究中有所突破的地方。第三章在论述文学作品的可译性时,依据原型的稳定性特征,在弗莱对原型具体形态描述的基础上,将原型具体化为主题、结构、意象和语言四个文学作品要素。研究认为,1)初级关怀神话为文学作品的主题提供了可译性;2)结构主义关于民间故事叙事形态及其叙事语法的研究为文学作品深层叙事结构的可译性提供了依据;3)隐喻性文学作品最深层的原型意象体系使不同文化语境下的作品回归共同的本源,并使同一文化语境下的作品之间跨越时空而组合为一个依据一定传统前后延续的整体;4)本章还以本雅明的>纯语言<、弗洛姆的>象征语言<和利明的>神话语言<作为文学语言的理论原型,对文学语言的可译性展开了论证。就翻译的本质而言,第四章遵循从起源考察事物本质的思路,基于文学是神话或隐喻思维的产物以及翻译语言转换的普遍本质,尝试将文学翻译的本质界定为一种创造诗性隐喻的艺术。本章具体从词源考证、更新创造、求同存异、部分提取、身体在场和生存体验六个方面对文学翻译和诗性隐喻做了类比研究,突出了文学翻译的创造性、多义性、体验性和生存本体论意义。这些都是隐喻本质属性的表现,也保留了原始隐喻(神话)思维的痕迹。在引入神话-原型视阈之后,第五章从集体无意识、社会无意识和个人无意识三个层面论述了译者的精神结构。研究认为,具备神话-原型特质的文学作品指向人类的集体无意识深处,这些作品的翻译因此成为一个民族重要的精神诊疗手段。由于神话内在的文化和政治功用,文学翻译成为压制社会成员的意识形态、塑造社会记忆和书写国家神话的符号行为。本章借鉴弗洛姆的社会无意识理论以及心理学中的认同理论,重新阐释了归化和异化的策略选择,认为归化翻译体现了一个民族集体的精神自恋,是一种逃避自由的虚假认同,而异化翻译释放了原本在译入语文化中被压制的无意识成分,以>异化的语言<来对抗语言的异化,是译者对原本充满爱欲的拥抱,达到了主客体同一的隐喻式体验状态。将个人无意识理论引入之后,本章拓宽了翻译的概念内涵,并发现了文学翻译与精神诊疗之间的相似性。翻译批评从某种意义上说是翻译理论向实践转化的中介,在探讨了基本理论问题之后,第六章将弗莱提出的文学的>后视<批评法引入文学翻译批评研究,获得了文学翻译批评中的层次意识、文类意识和互文意识。层次的意识就是从语言符号、多层意义、文本结构和原型模式四个层面展开对译作的评价,强调把前后相继的水平换喻式文本结构解读为向纵深挺进的垂直隐喻式结构。文类意识在文学翻译批评中具有基础地位,不仅为译者提供了书面表达的规范,也为翻译批评者提供了>期待视域<,是其接受和批评译作的起点,并且文类的差异、混杂和界定要素对于文学翻译批评具有重要意义。已有的翻译批评都立足于文本的空间维度,引入原型因素后增加了时间维度,产生了翻译批评的互文视角,其中,译本链、文学传统和文化语境在文学翻译批评的互文意识中发挥主导作用。第七章按照第六章建构起来的文学翻译批评的>后视<法,选取两部具有神话-原型特质的隐喻性文学作品的译本予以评价,包括艾略特的诗歌《荒原》的多个中译本和吴承恩的小说《西游记》的余国藩英文全译本。评价过程有意识地贯穿了层次意识、文类意识和互文意识,试图通过对具体译作的评析,证明本文提出的翻译批评体系具有一定的实践转化能力。总之,本研究是将神话-原型理论引入文学翻译研究的初步探索,在吸取结构主义强调共性与解构主义的批判精神和互文意识等合理性成分的同时也有意识地避免了其中的一些弊端,因此本研究既能与当前译学研究的>文化转向<大潮合流,又能纠正文化范式对文学翻译本体的偏离,使文学翻译研究向着文学性回归。与此同时,本研究展现了当代文化与古老文化传统之间的承继关系,凸显了翻译过程中的无意识层面,强调了文学翻译批评的层次意识。作为一次跨学科理论建构的尝试,本研究期待能有助于译界对文学翻译的新认识。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sun, Jingqin T1 - An Inquiry into Fromm’s Humanology Theory [弗洛姆人学思想探析], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China 2009. N2 - Nowadays, with the development of science and technology in the global area, human’s conflicts with nature, society and human itself are becoming so more serious that these problems are threatening human’s survival and development. Thus, humanology gradually draws a universal attention among scholars around the world. Among the researches on human issues in the modern western world, Frankfurt school has a very important status. Fromm, as one of its main representatives, is a well-known western psychologist and a scholar with profound humanology theory. This paper aims to make a clearer summary of Fromm’s humanology theory from a philosophical perspective. It consists of three parts.– The first part is a brief introduction of Fromm. Firstly, the historical background and theoretical origin of his ideology are introduced. Secondly, the current status of related researches both at home and abroad are made comments, and innovation are indicated. It attributed to discussion of his humanology theory.– The second part constructs Fromm’s humanlogy theory from three levels with a core concept of humanity. Firstly, introducing the contradiction of human nature as the logical start, Fromm interprets human nature through an analysis of human’s living condition, demand and freedom. Secondly, Fromm makes an analysis of the concept of alienation in psychological aspect. He reveals the unconscious alienation of human and the manifestation of alienation in modern society, which actually is human nature alienation. Thirdly, In order to eliminate the alienation of human nature and achieve a healthy society, Fromm proposed to the psychological revolution, which cultivate human with healthy personality and right living style through >morality renovate<. At the same time, society needs economical, political and cultural revolution. Only if mental revolution is combined with social revolution, the freedom and all-round development of human can be achieved.– The third part makes a comment on Fromm’s theory based on Marxist philosophy. His concern on humans in the real society acquires actuality and feasibility for his theory, which, therefore, makes certain contribution to the study of human itself and has great referential significance and instructive function to the construction of the harmonious society. However, the limitation lies in the Utopian atmosphere of his theory as it finds solutions for social problems only in psychological perspective. N2 - 当今,世界范围内,随着科技的不断发展,人与自然、人与社会、人与自身的矛盾日益尖锐,这些问题对人的生存与发展构成威胁,因此,人学逐渐引起国内外学者的广泛关注。弗洛姆作为法兰克福学派的主要代表人物之一,是一位在西方享有盛誉的心理学家,也是一位具有丰富人学思想的学者,论文对弗洛姆的人学思想进行全面系统的梳理,共由三部分组成。第一部分绪论,主要对弗洛姆做一个简要的介绍。首先,介绍了弗洛姆的主要著作,人学思想产生的社会背景、理论渊源;其次,阐释了弗洛姆人学思想的研究现状,并指出本文的创新点,为下章论述他的人学思想做好铺垫。第二部分以人性为核心概念,从三个层次梳理弗洛姆人学思想。首先,以人性的矛盾性为逻辑起点,通过人性与人的生存境遇、人性与人的生存需要、人性与人的自由之间的关系来诠释人性;其次,从心理学角度来解析异化概念,阐释了异化在人的无意识层面表现及异化在现代西方社会的各种表现,揭示了资本主义异化的实质是人性异化;最后,为了消除人性的异化,实现健全的社会,弗洛姆提出以心理革命为主的社会变革方案,即在>道德更新<的基础上,同时对社会要进行经济、政治、文化等方面的变革,将心理革命和社会变革结合起来,实现人的全面发展。第三部分用马克思主义基本原理对弗洛姆人学思想评析。弗洛姆关注现实生活中人的生存状况,因此,他的思想具有不少的现实性和可行性,但是他所探讨问题的解决途径都是个体的心理感受,因此解决方案具有乌托邦色彩。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tang, Xiaoyu T1 - On the Social Character and Its Traits During the Period of Social Transformation [试论我国社会转型期的社会性格及其特点], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China 2009. N2 - In the 1940s, Erich Fromm, put forward a conception of >social character< for the first time and the theory was used to explain the phenomenon that the psychological characteristics and behaviors of certain. With social groups changed with the social environment, which started the prelude of the theoretical study of the social character. China is undergoing a period of social transformation, which not only including the transformation of economy, politics, culture, but also including the changed of people's behavior, psycho¬logical characteristics and values. It has a great significance for the modernized transition of China's socialist society and the overall healthy development of human on studying the social character and its traits during the period of social transformation. The main content of the thesis are as follows: – In the first part, purpose and significance of the thesis has been described mainly. The history of this issue has been sorted out and an overview of the research situation at home and abroad has been done. New research ideas and methods have been given according to the current situation and problems in the social character study at home.– In the second part, general analysis of social character has been done. Firstly through discriminating the difference among social character, individual character, national character and regional cultural character, the concept of social character is defined and compared. Then the basic element and functions of social characters are further sorted out.– In the third part, efforts have been done to analyze the traits of social character in the period of social transformation. Both the positive and negative characters have been discussed and the reason also has been analyzed.– In the fourth part, thoughts to improve social character are suggested, which contains aspects of the improvement of market economy system, the perfection of the democratic legality, the building of culture atmosphere and the more attention on family education. N2 - 20世纪40年代,埃利希•弗洛姆率先提出了>社会性格<这个概念,并用社会性格理论来解释一定社会群体的心理特征和行为方式随社会环境的变化而变化的现象,这拉开了社会性格理论研究的序幕。我国正处于社会转型时期,社会转型不仅包括经济、政治、文化的转型,还包括人们的行为方式、心理特征、价值观念等各方面的变革。研究我国社会转型期的社会性格及其特点对于我国社会的现代化转型以及人类自身的全面健康发展有着重要的意义。文章的主要内容如下:第一部分,主要阐述了本文选题的目的及意义,并通过对国内外有关社会性格的概念、理论及相关研究的梳理,说明目前我国社会性格研究已取得的成就及存在的问题,进而提出自己的研究思路及方法。第二部分,对社会性格进行一般分析。首先对社会性格的概念进行界定和辨析,这里主要通过社会性格和个体性格、社会性格与国民性格和区域文化性格的辨析入手来界说社会性格。然后进一步理清社会性格的构成要素及基本特征和功能作用。第三部分,尝试对我国社会转型期的社会性格的特点进行分析,主要从社会性格的积极特点和消极特点两方面进行阐释并分析其成因。第四部分,提出完善社会性格的几点思考,主要从市场经济体制的完善,民主法律制度的健全,良好文化氛围的营造,家庭教育环境的重视几方面进行阐述。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tao, Xue T1 - Fromm's Humanitarian Ethical Core of the Idea – The Productive Personality, [弗洛姆人道主义伦理思想的核心——生产性人格] Master thesis, Ethics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China, 2009. N2 - Fromm (Erich Fromm, 1900, March 23 – 1980, March 18,) is a German-American Jews who is famous all of the world. He is well-known in the West of the twentieth century as a psychologist, ethicist. At the same time, he is the representative of Frankfurt School. His humanitarian Ethics is based on the integration of the Freud and Marx. Productive character is what the core of his humanitarian ethics. The main purpose of this thesis is to do research on the production character and to analysis the theoretical meaning.– First of all, this thesis introduce the background of his humanitarian Ethics, especially the influence of Freud and Marx, and the research at home and abroad.– And then, this thesis analysis Fromm’s personality theory, including the formation and the types of personality. In turn leads to the view that-production character-people should have in >the sane society<. However, in modern society, there often exists a Phenomenon that lack of moral. It makes people creates pathological personality. It also stands the opposite side of the social’s development and impede the progress of society.– Finally, this thesis summarizes the result of modern psychopathic personality. Meanwhile, it finger out the way of creating the production character. Integrated, we can know that Fromm’s theory of human ethics has specified the way of direction and development. And it is very helpful to guide the practice of human development. It also has an indelible effect to contemporary China which is in the period of social transformation. N2 - 弗洛姆(ErichFromm,1900年3月23日-1980年3月18日)是一位国际知名的美籍德国犹太人,二十世纪西方著名的心理学家、伦理学家,是法兰克福学派的代表人物。他结合弗洛伊德学说和马克思主义,构建了人道主义伦理思想。生产性人格是弗洛姆人道主义伦理思想的核心。本篇论文的主旨是研究弗洛姆提出的生产性人格,分析其现实意义。首先介绍了弗洛姆伦理思想的形成——主要是弗洛伊德和马克思对他的影响,国内外研究现状;然后分析了弗洛姆的人格理论,其中包括人格的形成以及人格的种类,继而从中引出弗洛姆认为的>健全的社会<中人们应该具有的健全的人格——生产性人格。然而在现代社会,往往存在着道德缺失的现象,使个人形成了各种病态人格,这种病态人格是与社会发展相矛盾的,阻碍社会的进步,本文概括了造成现代人病态人格的原因并且提出塑造健全人格——生产性人格的方法。综上我们可以看出弗洛姆的伦理学理论为人类指明了前进的道路和发展的方向,有助于指导人类发展实践,对于处于社会转型时期的当代中国来说也有着不可磨灭的作用。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tauber, Edward S. T1 - Words are Ways JF - R. Funk (Ed.), The Clinical Erich Fromm. Personal Accounts and Papers on Therapeutic Technique, Amsterdam and New York (Rodopi Publisher), 2009, pp. 131-134. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tauber, Edward S. T1 - Worte, die Wege sind JF - R. Funk (Ed.), Erich Fromm als Therapeut. Frühere Schüler erinnern sich an seine Praxis der Psychoanalyse, Gießen (Psychosozial-Verlag) 2009. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Thomson, A. T1 - Erich Fromm – Explorer of the Human Condition, New York and London (Palgrave Macmillan) 2009, 175 p. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Thomä, Helmut T1 - Transference and the psychoanalytic encounter JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 18 (No. 4, 2009), pp. 237-249. N2 - John Klauber's introduction of the concept of >encounter< signifies a milestone on the way towards an intersubjective understanding of the psychoanalytic method. The concept of encounter is comprehensive and refers to all aspects of the >here-and-now,< including transference from the >then-and-there.< Klauber's contribution points out that the psychoanalytic situation is primarily a therapeutic one. The solution to the transference depends on new experience, and therefore he emphasizes the role of spontaneity. Klauber describes unintended traumatizing aspects, one of the antidotes for which is spontaneity. What is real and actual in the transference should be admitted – at least as >plausible.< Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Triebel, Axel T1 - From psychoanalytic narrative to empirical single case research JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 18 (No. 2, 2009), pp. 128-129. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ubilla, Enrique T1 - El concepto de salud mental en la obra de Erich Fromm JF - Revista Chilena de Neuro-Psiquiatría, Santiago de Chile 47 (No. 3, 2009), pp. 153-162. N2 - La obra de Erich Fromm se destaca por una visión holística del Hombre. Una preocupación permanente en su obra fue superar el dualismo clásico individuo vs sociedad y desarrollar una visión integradora fundamentada en la relación dialéctica de ambos. El resultado de esto fue su teoría caracterológica con su concepto de carácter social por un lado; y por otro lado su concepto de salud mental. En su labor clínica enfocó su atención a los fundamentos primarios que determinan la salud mental del Hombre y la consiguiente patología cuando estos son entrabados en su desarrollo. Su visión bio-psico-social conduce por lo tanto a un concepto de salud mental integrativo que excede las definiciones médicas tradicionales de su época. Lo fundamental de la visión de Fromm es su comprensión de la situación particular del Hombre en el mundo que él llamó conditio humana. N2 - Erich Fromm's work is unique due to his holistic visión of man. His main interest was to overeóme the traditional dualism between individual vs. society and to develop a fundamental concept that integrates the dialectical relationship of both. As a result, this was his characterological concept o/social character on the one side, and the concept o/mental health on the other side. In his clinical work hefocused his interests identifying the foundations which determines man's mental health and the ensuing pathology when man is unable to develop it. His bio-psycho-social visión of man, therefore, led to an integrative concept of mental health which exceeded traditional medical definitions of his time. Fromm's fundamental view is his comprehension of the particular human situation in the world, what he callea human condition. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Uexkuell, Jakob von T1 - Globale Herausforderungen und Antworten JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 13 / 2009, Tübingen (Selbstverlag), p. 111. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d13/2009o Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ungaro, A. T1 - Carattere sociale – aggiornamenti del concetto da Fromm a Funk, Tesi di Laurea in Filosofia delle scienze socialy. Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze 2009, 79 p. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vasilev, Vasil T1 - Duhyt na syvremenostta prez pogleda na Erih From (The spirit of modernity through the eyes of Erich Fromm) JF - Electronic journal-LiterNet, 26.02.2009, № 2 (111) https://liternet.bg/publish23/v_vasilev/duhyt.htm Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vermote, Rudi T1 - Experiencing the shadow of the future JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 18 (No. 2, 2009), pp. 100-103. N2 - This text was written for a panel with the ambitious title >With Bion to the future.< Can we tell something about the future? Can we apply this to the future of psychoanalysis? And are some of Bion's concepts of any help to such questions? Bion, following Freud, tells us that the caesura between present and future is not so great. The shadow of the future is present. So how can we read this shadow with Bion as a companion? We may see the future as consisting of many probable evolutions – like an infinite number of virtual lines, growth curves or probability lines only one of which is becoming real. Which lines will develop; which seeds will grow? And is our mind equipped to have an idea of this? Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Viana, N. T1 - Erich Fromm e a Renovação da Psicanálise JF - Revista Espaço Livre. Vol. 4 (No. 08, Jul-Dez 2009), pp. 31-39. – Internet: http://espacolivre.sementeira.net Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Volkan, Vamik D. T1 - Large-group identity, international relations and psychoanalysis JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 18 (No. 4, 2009), pp. 206-213. N2 - This paper examines the psychology of ethnic, national, religious or political ideological groups composed of thousands or millions of people. In such large groups most of the individuals will never meet during their lifetimes. But, they share a persistent sense of sameness, >large-group identity.< This paper examines how this abstract concept, large-group identity, can become the central force that influences international relationships. Psychoanalysts who are willing to become involved in interdisciplinary initiatives can provide information to the diplomats about large-group psychology in its own right and suggest peaceful strategies for international conflicts. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Várela Fragoso, P. J. T1 - Psicoanálisis, carácter social y globalización JF - Instituto Mexicano de Psicoanálisi (Ed.), Fromm, humanismo y psicoanálisi, México Vol. 2 (2009), pp. 19-24. N2 - Este trabajo trata de cómo se inicia el psicoanálisis con Freud, a partir de los conceptos centrales de una mente dinámica, y del Inconsciente, y de cómo se fue desarrollando y de las disidencias que existieron posteriormente al hacerse el psicoanálisis más complejo. De cómo Fromm incorpora al psicoanálisis aspectos sociales, dentro de lo que el llama una posición >sociobiológica<. También hace mención de la evolución del pensamiento en el hombre occidental, y de cómo las dos guerras mundiales impactaron en el pensamiento tranto de Freud como de Fromm, y en lo que este último llama >orientaciones del carácter<. Finalmente se plantea como un conflicto actual la disyuntiva entre un mundo enajenado, burocratizado y deshumanizado, y un mundo más racional, y del cuál es el papel del psicoanálisis ante tal situación. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vásquez Lorenzana, A. D. T1 - Estrés, depresión y patologías fronterizas: ¿psicopatologías actuales? JF - Instituto Mexicano de Psicoanálisi (Ed.), Fromm, humanismo y psicoanálisi, México Vol. 2 (2009), pp. 35-46. N2 - a) To analyze some relevant contributions of marxist inspiration authors to the work and alienation theme. Concretely, we have analyzed contributions from Paul Lafargue, Agnes Heller, Herbert Marcuse, Erich Fromm, André Gorz and Jon Elster. b) To elaborate a proposal for the development of a materialistic and compatible with ethical values theory of alienation. c) To scan the contribution of this proposal to the theoretical and empirical analysis of suffering in social links, and specially in work. This thesis contains three parts. One deals with the analysis of the theoretical contributions made from some marxists traditions to the work alienated question. Another deals with a theoretical development of that theory and its links with human suffering. And the last one deals with an empirical analysis of nineteen interviews made to workers from an automobile industry multinational enterprise. The followings are the fundamental conclusions of the theoretical and empirical analysis: a) The analyzed authors do not usually bring us a materialistic approach to alienation, and when they do it, they circumscribe the theory to the ethical values arena. b) There is an inevitable suffering in social life that should not be confounded with an inevitable alienation. c) Alienation, understood as lose of control among our controllable links, creates surplus coercions and sufferings. d) Conditions for the abolishment of surplus suffering are established where we recover control among our links. e) Work is a fundamental activity for the construction of our subjectivity and for the configuration of our social links. f) The way we produce and produce ourselves in work highly conditions the kind and intensity of our sufferings. Thereby, work is a fundamental arena in the strategy of avoiding avoidables sufferings. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Vávra, Lukáš T1 - Život v rozporu se sebou samým: kritika kapitalistické společnosti (Life in conflict with itself: criticque of capitalist society) Bachelor-Arbeit an der Masarykova Univerzita, Brno 2009, 63 pp. N2 - The aim of this Bachelor’s thesis is to controvert the scholars who studied human nature; to assess their opinions, and to confirm or displace them. The author also aims at creating a delineation of human nature and deciding if the capitalist order is appropriate for the society, and for individuals with this nature. He describes what qualities the capitalist order creates in people and tries to prove that it this particular system which creates negative qualities in people, e.g. egoism. If the author disapproves capitalism as inappropriate for human society, he will offer an alternative better for the society, which would develop the individual’s positive qualities. The thesis takes form of a text analysis, controversy to various scholars, and the author’s own opinions. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Baiwen A1 - Li, Zhaoyou T1 - Review of Erich Fromm's Concept of Socialism [埃里希•弗洛姆的社会主义观述评] JF - Foreign Theoretical Trends [国外理论动态], No. 9 (2009), pp. 68-71. N2 - 弗洛姆的>社会主义<观1.弗洛姆>社会主义<观的思想来源弗洛姆的社会主义观是承继前人理论孕育而生的。在弗洛姆的有关著作中,围绕社会主义的问题,他重点涉及了巴贝夫、查尔斯.傅立叶、罗伯特.欧文、蒲鲁东、彼得.克鲁泡特金、古斯塔夫.兰道尔和马克思等人的社会主义思想,并试图从中求其共性,进而形成了他自己的社会主义观点。第一,弗洛姆的社会主义观吸纳了空想社会主义者的社会主义思想。首先,他的社会主义观点接受了巴贝夫的>共济大院<理论。在弗洛姆看来,社会主义作为一种政治运动和探索社会规律的理论,应该始于法国大革命,由巴贝夫始创。因为,巴贝夫赞同废除土地私有制,废除富人与穷人、统治者与被统治者之间的差别 N2 - Fromm's >socialist< concept of the ideological source of Fromm's concept of socialism is the inheritance of the previous theoretical bred. Fromm's writings around the issue of socialism, his focus involved Babeuf, Charles Fourier, Robert Owen, Proudhon, Peter Kropotkin, Gustav Landauer and Marx and other socialist ideology, and trying to find the common, and thus the formation of his socialist views. First, Fromm's concept of socialism to absorb the socialist ideology of the utopian socialists. First, his socialist views to accept a the Babeuf Masonic compound theory. In Fromm's view, the socialist movement as a political theory and explore the laws of society, should begin with the French Revolution, by Babeuf founded. Babeuf in favor of the abolition of private ownership of land, the abolition of the difference between the rich and the poor, the rulers and the ruled. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Guoxue A1 - Ji, Mingxia T1 - On Fromm’s Social Character Theory Building Path [论弗洛姆社会性格理论的构建路径] JF - Philosophical Trends [ 哲学动态], No. 3 (2009), pp. 36-41. N2 - 德裔美籍学者埃利希•弗洛姆(1900-1980)是西方马克思主义学派的一个重要成员。他从精神分析的视角批判现实社会,关注人类社会的心理健康,为世人留下了宝贵的思想财富。如人本主义伦理学思想、爱的艺术理论、社会性格理论等。其中社会性格理论在我国学术界颇受人们的关注。[1]该理论立论角度独特,内容深刻,已有许多学者对此理论从不同方面进行过研究。本文尝试从建构路径角度对该理论进行一些探索。一心理学建构路径从理论渊源上说,社会性格是弗洛姆综合马克思主义和弗洛伊德的某些思想而创造出来的一个概念。他自己曾明确说过:>马克思主义总是强调政治方面,胜过定向明显的目的方面。我以为,总的来说这样看是正确的。但在马 N2 - German descent American scholar Erich Fromm (1900 – 1980) is an important member of the Western Marxist School. He criticizes social reality from the perspective of psychoanalysis, concerned about the mental health of human society, and left the world a wealth of valuable ideas. Such as humanistic ethical thought, love, art theory, social personality theory. The theory of social character in the popular attention of academia. The theoretical argument angle is unique, profound content, many scholars from different aspects of this theory research. This paper attempts some exploration of the theory from the constructed path angle. A psychology construct the path from the theoretical origins social personality Fromm Marxism and some of the ideas of Freud and created a concept. He had clearly said: >Marxism is always stressed the political aspects than directional purposes. I think, on the whole this view is correct, but the horse [...]. automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Heyan A1 - Wang, Hong T1 - Deep Critique of Modern Living Circumstances – >Escape from Freedom< Interpretation [现代人生存境遇的深层批判——弗洛姆《逃避自由》解读] JF - Study & Exploration [ 学习与探索], No. 4 (2009), pp. 24-26. N2 - 《逃避自由》一书是弗洛姆运用精神分析学分析社会问题的杰作。在这部著作中,他以弗洛伊德的>性本能冲动<为出发点,深入剖析了社会人群关系中所形成的冲动和欲求。但是,他超越了弗洛伊德的>泛性主义<。弗洛姆通过对现代西方人生存境遇的考察,深刻地分析了资本主义社会的危机并揭露了资本主义条件下人们的精神疾病,为现代人的自由而全面发展提出了积极的途径和设想。这体现了弗洛姆强烈的社会责任感和对人的处境的深切关怀。 N2 - >Escape from Freedom< book is a masterpiece Fromm use psychoanalysis to analyze social problems. In this work, he has to Freud's sexual instinct impulse as a starting point, in-depth analysis of the social and human relations impulses and desires. However, he goes beyond Freud's >Pan<. Fromm by modern Westerners living circumstances investigated, a profound analysis of the crisis of the capitalist society and expose people's mental illness under capitalist conditions, for the freedom of the modern comprehensive development of positive ways and ideas. This reflects the deep concern of the Fromm strong sense of social responsibility and the human situation. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Songping T1 - An Analysis of Fromm's Harmonious Society Thought [弗洛姆和谐社会思想探析], Master thesis, Foreign Philosophy, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, China 2009, 61 pp. N2 - Since the 1980s, the Chinese academics study Erich Fromm's idea from different levels and perspectives, and their large number of theoretical results shows the broad idea of him. However, why did he have to build such a huge theoretical system? Will there be a core theory that other theories have centered on its launch? If there is, then, what is the core or soul of Fromm's theories? With these questions, I read through all the English translations of Fromm's that can collected, combined with his time and personal situation, after as much as possible a comprehensive study and master, I recognized that: Because >the internal unity of mankind< is the lifelong vision of him, so that Fromm rose the new harmony between people et between man and the nature to the >teleological< height; The common property that one people can form a rational society with his fellows and the common rules that he found, were the real needs of people and society can meet its, in other words, he considered that a harmonious society is a society which accord with the real needs of human; He will achieve a harmonious society to resort to political, economic social and cultural changes and progress at the same time, rather than just relying on the political and economic measures.– His idea of a harmonious society belonging to >the humanitarian as a global philosophy of people<, originated from long humanitarian traditions of the Orient and the West; Consonance – not a negative compromise and make concessions, but the common ground while reserving differences imply that contain harmony – is the most distinguishing features of his thought, which aimed at promoting human society towards a new harmony, all in line with the idea of this principle, are the object of his consonance, and all contrary to the principle of thought, are the object of his critique. From several angles, he examine and criticize of modern Western industrial society and consider the problem to build a reasonable society, built on a very large theoretical system, idea of a harmonious society as if the main theme of symphony and became the main line running through the system, it has become the core of it and the other theories are directly or indirectly point to the core. If concentric circles to describe the theoretical system, then the composition of the inner most circle of the theory including the theory of human nature, social character theory, critical theory of society, theory of human alienation, the Liberal theory, theory of love, they directly serve Fromm harmonious society thought, constitute the theoretical cornerstone of this idea. N2 - 1980年代以来,我国学术界从不同层面和角度对弗洛姆的思想进行研究,众多的理论成果彰显出他的思想的博大。然而,他为何要构筑如此庞大的理论体系?会不会有某个其它理论都围绕它而展开的核心理论?如果有,那么,这个弗洛姆全部思想的核心与灵魂是什么?带着这些问题,笔者通读了所能搜罗到的弗洛姆的全部中文译著,并结合他所处的时代背景以及他的个人境遇,在尽量通盘考察和整体把握的基础上认识到:弗洛姆毕生憧憬>人类的内部统一<,以至于他把人与人、人与自然的新的和谐上升到了目的论的高度;他所找到的作为个体的人能够与其他个体组成合理社会的共同属性以及他们之间必须遵循的共同的组合规则就是人的真正需要以及社会对这种需要的满足,换言之,他认为和谐社会就是符合人类真正需要的社会;他将和谐社会的实现诉诸政治的、经济社会的和文化的同时变革与进步,而非单纯依靠政治经济的措施;他的和谐社会思想归属于>作为一种全球性人的哲学的人道主义<,渊源于东西方悠久绵长的人道主义传统;调和——不是消极的妥协与让步,而是含有和谐意味的求同存异——是他思想的最大特色,它旨在促进人类社会迈向新的和谐,一切符合这一原则的思想,都是他调和的对象,而一切违背这一原则的思想,都是他批判的对象;他从多种角度审视和批判现代西方工业社会并思考社会合理建构的问题,筑就了非常庞大的理论体系,和谐社会思想犹如交响曲的主旋律,成为贯穿这一体系的主线,成了它的核心,其他理论则直接或间接地指向这个核心;如果用同心圆来形容这个理论体系,那么,组成最里面那个圆的理论包括人性论、社会性格理论、社会批判理论、人的异化理论、自由理论、爱的理论等,它们直接服务于弗洛姆的和谐社会思想,构成了这一思想的理论基石。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Wanbing T1 - The Neurotic Personality and the Insane Society – A Psychoanalytical Reading of >The Catcher in the Rye< [神经症人格与病态社会——《麦田里的守望者》主人翁心理分析。] [Application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Hexi University [河西学院学报], No. 1 (2009), pp. 79-82. N2 - Equipped with Karen Horney's and Erich Fromm's psychoanalytical theories, this paper attempts to analyze the psychology of the main character in >The Catcher in the Rye< and the causes of his mental insanity. Holden Caulfield, the protagonist, is diagnosed to be a neurotic of self-effacement, aggressive-ness and detachment, which originates from the defects of the American culture and society at that time. His neurotic personality can be manifested in his anxiety, hypertensions, neurotic need for love and self-idealization. N2 - 精神分析学的社会文化学派成员认为神经症起源于文化缺陷。本文以《麦田里的守望者》主人翁霍尔顿.考尔菲尔德的神经症人格作为切入点,在卡伦.霍妮和埃里希.弗洛姆的心理分析理论的指导下,探究了霍尔顿的内心世界。研究表明,由于其不幸的童年以及他所在的社会文化缺陷,霍尔顿发展了一种以疏离性为主导、自谦性与侵略性并存的神经症人格,表现为焦虑、极度紧张、自我矛盾、自我逃避、高度幻想和自我迷失等特征。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Yanfang T1 - Fromm’s Criticism in Reference to >Escape from Freedom< [弗洛姆对>逃避自由<的批判与借鉴意义] JF - Theory Journal [理论学刊], No. 6 (2009), pp. 69-71. N2 - 生民之初,人类是作为群体而生存,每一个人都不可能离群索 ,因而没有什么个体意义上的自由,而只是像在伊甸园中那样,大家融为一体,和谐相处,如弗洛姆所说>在‘伊甸园’中,男人与女人,人与自然,和谐地相处 在一起<[1](P53)。奴隶制时代的压迫,剥夺了每一个奴隶作为人而生存的权利;中世纪每个人都处在稳定的社会结构中,社会虽然严格地规定了每个人的 身份和地位,但同时也把每个人禁锢和笼罩在统治阶级的政治和思想即神权的藩篱之中。所以在文艺复兴时期,人是向神来争夺自己的位置的。莎士比亚借助他的戏 剧主人公发出的那句对人的赞美的箴言———>人类是一件多么了不得的杰作!多么高贵的理性!多么伟大的力量!多么优美的仪 < N2 - [...] people beginning, human beings as a group to survive, everyone cannot live alone, and thus there is no sense of what the individual freedom, and just like in the Garden of Eden, we blend harmony Fromm said that >in the 'Garden of Eden', a man and a woman, man and nature harmoniously together [1](P53). Slavery era of oppression, deprived of the right to each slave as human survival; medieval everyone is in a stable social structure and social strictly to the provisions of each person's identity and status, but also to every person detained and shrouded among the ruling class political and ideological barriers theocratic. So, during the Renaissance, the people to God, to fight for their own position. Shakespeare with his plays hero issued phrase praise Proverbs – >Human beings are a matter of how the not the masterpiece! How noble rational! What a great force! What a beautiful instrument ...< automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Yuqing T1 - Strife and Alienation– On the Novel >Them<. The Hero of Jules Wendell’s Psychological Alienation [抗争与异化 - 试论小说《他们》中主人公朱尔斯•温德尔的心理异化], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China 2009 [Application of Fromm's theories to art] N2 - Joyce Carol Oates (b. 1938) is one of the most prolific and versatile contemporary writers in America. She has published myriad novels, poetry, and plays, as well as books and articles of criticism. In these works, Oates focuses on what she views as the spiritual, sexual, and intellectual decline of modern American society. Employing a dense, elliptical prose style, she depicts such cruel and macabre actions as rape, incest, murder, child abuse, and suicide to delineate the forces of evil with which individuals must contend. As a realistic novel and one of the masterpieces of the author, >Them< reflects the psychological progress of the people of the lower class in American society from the great depression of 1930s to the turbulence of 1960s. In their pursuit of material life as well as spiritual comfort, they undergo many hardships and confront with the multiple pressures from family, society and even themselves. By employing the concepts and theories of psychoanalysis, this thesis aims to uncover the way in which Oates exposes the existential predicament of the modern people. The focus of the thesis is on Jules’s fantasy and frustration in familial and social life and on the reasons for his tragedy. This thesis consists of five parts. The first part contains a brief introduction on Oates’s works as well as the literature review on her novel them. Basing on the previous criticism on this novel, this thesis proposes Fromm’s theory of alienation and the concept of community in order to interpret the novel from a new perspective. Through the study of the protagonist’s unhappy familial life and perplexity towards social life, this thesis attempts to reveal the universal predicament of modern people.– Chapter One lays emphasis on two stages in which young Jules Wendall quests for personal longings. The first stage is Jules’s early years in the rural area as a little boy. During this period, he is searching for freedom by running away from home more than once. He longs to reach somewhere distant. Yet, he is left confused while staying with his family with no way out. The runaway action is his first try for a better life. The second stage is his teenage years during which he experiences a move to the urban city and suffers from great dilemma due to the big contrast between the chaotic urban life and the peaceful rural life. Obsessed from his childhood with personal longings, he increasingly falls into the strong desire of owning a sum of wealth and an ideal lover. Disappointed with his dysfunctional family, he sees himself as a self-made man and turns to himself for a successful future. Ever since his childhood, he has been obsessed with the fantasies that he is the central characters of a novel who makes fortune and capable of realizing his ambitious plans step by step. He, indeed, meets some adventures in different phases of his life. Actually, they are masked by benefactor, in practice, they prove to be unreliable. Suffered from one attack after another, Jules becomes numb with spiritual alienation.– Chapter Two concentrates on the conflicts of Jules and his family members. This chapter is divided into three parts. Part one mainly provides an analysis of Jules’s pursuit for paternal love and his relationship with his fathers. An inheritor of his biological father, he has to stay with his actual father while he dreams to have an ideal father. Part two demonstrates that, in his insatiable quest for maternal love, Jules Wendall transfers his mother-seeking towards his lover – Nadine in order to realize a particular kind of compensatory satisfaction. The more maternal affection he expects from his lover, the deeper he is trapped into disillusion that leads to his psychological alienation of mother image in ideal and reality. Part three gives a general presentation of the alienated sibling relationship in the novel. This part analyzes on the one hand the sibling’s hunger for emotional connections, which provide with them support and security; and on the other hand, however hard they try to fulfill this, impotently the siblings face no choice but to isolate with each other in the struggle for everyday survival under the influence of the brutal environment.– Chapter Three, with an elaboration of the dramatic representation of alienation and absence of community in the city, analyzes Jules Wendall’s struggle and disillusion in his social life. He cannot find identification with himself in the hostile city which does not provide any chance for him to be a better man. What is more, the absence of community in the city makes his strife become hopeless, drives him into the state of alienation. Opposing against the brutal surroundings, he turns to violent behavior for the spiritual rescue. Yet, since violence derives from a sense of impotence, it cannot protect him from being alienated. Born in a lower class, however hard he tries, Jules becomes powerless in front of the relentless society and doomed to be a tragedy. As the main body of this thesis, the three chapters unite and correlate with each other.– The whole thesis interprets fully the relevant theories of alienation and community which leads to a sound conclusion. It summarizes the analysis by pointing out the significance of the study. By portraying in the novel a whole picture of an ordinary boy with fantasy and disillusion, depression and alienated mind in the unremitting pursuit for an idealized familial and social life, Oates gives us a deep insight into the existential predicament of people as a whole in the contemporary world. N2 - 美国当代女作家乔伊斯•卡罗尔•欧茨(1938- )是当代美国文坛上一位多才多艺的高产作家,出版发表了大量的小说,诗集,剧本及数量丰富的评论文章和著作。在这些作品中,奥茨着重刻画了当代美国社会精神,肉体和道德观的沦落。奥茨以一种时而尖锐,时而模糊的散文风格描述了人们不得不面对的生活中诸如强奸,乱伦,谋杀,虐童,自杀等残酷不幸的一面。作为欧茨的现实主义作品之一,小说《他们》展现了从20世纪30年代大萧条时期到动荡不安的60年代期间,底层人民在追求美好生活和精神慰籍的过程中所遭遇的种种艰难和辛酸,反映了现代人面临的社会,家庭,甚至来自他们自身的多重压力。本文借助于心理分析的相关理论和概念分析小说《他们》,探讨主人公朱尔斯•温德尔对家庭生活和社会生活的幻灭主题以及揭示欧茨作品对现代人生存困境的思索。同时,本文作者尝试分析主人公悲剧的根源所在,从而引发读者对造成朱尔斯悲剧的社会问题的关注。本文由五个部分组成,第一部分为引论。首先简要概述欧茨的作品及其特点,然后对小说《他们》作了进一步的文献综述。在结合其他评论的基础上,提出以异化理论和社区理论为切入点来重新解读这部作品。通过分析主人公的执着寻求和不幸福的家庭生活以及充满困惑的社会生活,来揭示欧茨的创作意图。第一章论述了朱尔斯•温德尔在寻求实现个人的内心执着过程中痛苦挣扎的两个阶段。第一阶段是童年时代的主人公在乡村的生活经历。在这个时期,他通过多次的出走行为寻求幻想中的自由。离家出走是主人公首次对美好生活进行追求的尝试。第二阶段是其少年时期,主人公从乡村进入了城市。与平静的乡村生活相比,纷乱的城市却使主人公陷入了迷茫的精神困境。从童年时期开始,随着对内心执着的迷茫与日俱增,他热烈渴望拥有财富和理想中的爱人。在不幸福的家庭中看不到希望,他转而依靠自己来实现梦想的未来,决心成为一个自立的人。从童年时期开始,他一直认为自己就是一些书本中所宣扬的那个依靠自己打天下的灵魂人物。正如书中人物一样,他的确在人生的不同阶段经历了这样那样的所谓奇遇,然而,揭去恩人和爱人的面纱,他看到的只是无望的结局。一个接着一个的打击使得朱尔斯麻木不仁,只留下异变的灵魂。第二章将重心放在分析主人公家庭成员之间的冲突。本章分为三节。第一节主要分析主人公追寻父爱,以及和父亲们的关系-生父的影响,与养父相处和对理想父亲感到迷茫。第二节,由于渴望得到母爱而无法满足,主人公移情于他的爱人娜丁以期得到补偿。恋母情结的后果导致了他越寄希望于移情之人,理想与现实之间的差异就越大,幻灭感就越深,异化程度也越深。第三节是异化的兄妹关系在文本中的体现。一方面兄妹二人渴求情感的互通,因为这会为他们带来安全和支撑,另一方面,不管他们如何努力,最终哥哥和妹妹不得不被严酷的环境隔离,在孤立中各自为战。第三章是主人公心理异化的戏剧化再现。本章再次强调弗洛姆的异化理论和社区在城市中的缺失,对朱尔斯在社会中的异变进行诠释。在冷漠的城市中,他无法实现个体认同。社区的缺失亦使得他的挣扎变的无望,他一步步走向异化。为了实现灵魂的救赎,反抗严酷的环境,他最终拿起暴力这一武器。然而,暴力根源于个体的无能感,不能使他摆脱异化的宿命。无论主人公朱尔斯多么顽强,在无情的社会面前他是那么软弱,出生贫穷的他注定了悲剧结局。作为文章的主体部分,这三章内容相互结合,相互渗透,紧密联系。整部论文充分运用了相关的异化理论和社区概念,引出了完整的结论。结论部分总结了以上分析并指出研究的意义。通过描写一位普通男孩在追求个人的执着、理想家庭和社会生活中的幻与灭—直至消沉和心理的异化,欧茨在其作品中揭示了现代人的精神危机和生存困境 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Waska, Robert T1 - Interpretive acting-out: Unavoidable and sometimes useful JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 18 (No. 3, 2009), pp. 149-157. N2 - Using one detailed case presentation, this paper examines the clinical hardship of making accurate and helpful interpretations that do not become part of the patient's defensive system. The author argues that interpretive acting-out is inevitable in the psychoanalytic process. But, if properly monitored, understood, and contained, these interpretive enactments can sometimes actually be a profit to the overall treatment. Issues of projective identification, countertransference, and the importance of realizing our transference role in the patient's changing phantasies are discussed throughout the case material. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Wasyluk, Pjotr T1 - Ericha Fromma koncepcja postępu zintegrowanego [Erich Fromm's Concept of Integrated Progress], Olsztyn (Publishing House of the Center for Eastern European Studies of the University of Warmia and Mazury) Poland 2009, 165 pp. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Waugaman, Richard M. T1 - A Psychoanalytic Study of Edward de Vere's The Tempest JF - The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 37 (2009), pp. 627-644. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, Einhard T1 - Begrüßung JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 13 / 2009, Tübingen (Selbstverlag), p. 62. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d13/2009h Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weber, W. G. A1 - Hoege, Thomas T1 - Demokratie in Unternehmen: Terra incognita der Organisationspsychologie? JF - Wirtschaftspsychologie, Vol. 11 (No. 4, 2009), pp. 3-8. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Weis, David A. A1 - et al., T1 - Delineating Prototypes of Training Psychotherapy JF - The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 37 (2009), pp. 353-364. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Wheatland, Th T1 - The Frankfurt School in Exile, Minneapolis and London (University of Minnesota Press) 2009, 415 p. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Whitehead, Clay C. T1 - Review Elliot L. Jurist, Arietta Slade, and Sharone Bergner (Eds.): Mind to Mind: Infant Research, Neuroscience, and Psychoanalysis JF - The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 37 (2009), pp. 726. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Widerstroem, Klaus T1 - Von der Lust am Messen und ihren charakterologischen Wurzeln JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 13 / 2009, Tübingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 101-104. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d13/2009m Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wiggershaus, Rolf T1 - Die Kompagnons Max Horkheimer und Friedrich Pollock, das Institut für Sozialforschung und das Netzwerk der Frankfurter Schule, JF - M. Boll und R. Gross (Ed.), Die Frankfurter Schule und Frankfurt. Eine Rückkehr nach Deutschland, Frankfurt (Wallstein) 2009, pp. 228-239. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wolf, Siegbert T1 - >Unterfangen wir uns, trotz allem, zu vertrauen!< Politisches Denken und Engagement bei Martin Buber und Erich Fromm JF - Fromm Forum (Deutsche Ausgabe – ISSN 1437-0956), 13 / 2009, Tübingen (Selbstverlag), pp. 17-31. T3 - Fromm Forum (German edition / deutsche Ausgabe) - d13/2009b Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wu, Rong T1 - Some Comments on Fromm's Alienation Theory [弗洛姆的异化理论评析] JF - Journal of Eastern Liaoning University (Social Sciences) [辽东学院学报(社会科学版)], No. 6 (2009), pp. 17-20. N2 - From the traditional western humanism standpoint, Fromm criticized the reality of capitalism countries. He elaborated his understanding about Marxism in the perspective of alienation. He argued that the sticking point of alienation laid in people's nature of possession. He advocated eliminating alienation by reforms in economy, politics and culture. It is necessary to objectively analyze his theory, from which we can gain enlightenment for our socialist reform and development. Nevertheless, with a core of humanitarianism of his alienation theory, his thought is full of dreams with thick color of romance. N2 - 弗洛姆站在西方传统的人道主义立场上批判了资本主义国家的现实,从异化的角度阐释了自己对马克思主义的理解。他认为,异化的症结所在是现代资本主义社会中人>重占有<的本性;主张通过对经济、政治、文化方面的一系列变革来消除异化。对弗洛姆的异化理论,要给予正确的客观评价,尤其是要看到对我国社会主义改革和发展的启示作用。但是,他的异化理论的核心是人道主义,使他的思想陷入空想漩涡,带有强烈的浪漫主义色彩。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wu, Yi A1 - Kong, Wenqing T1 - Fromm’s Theory of Moral Education and Its Realistic Values [弗洛姆的道德教育理论及其现实价值] JF - Research of Modern Basic Education [现代基础教育研究], No. 4 (2009), pp. 42-47. N2 - Erich Fromm, one of the noted occidental Marxists, proposed his peculiar outlook about the concept of morality on the basis of psychoanalysis. Morality is the realization of the human potentials and the cultivation of independent personality. Moreover, moral education sheds a light upon the conception of humanity and good, which lays a foundation for the development of moral qualities of the self. In epistemology, he opposed objectivism and advocated the notion of the experience based knowledge. N2 - 西方马克思主义者弗洛姆在精神分析的基础上提出了对何谓道德的独特见解。道德是人自身潜能的实现,独立人格的养成。道德教育也就是让人们认识到什么是人性,什么是善,并在这一认识的基础上形成自我的道德品质。在认识的方式上,弗洛姆反对客观主义的认识论,提出了体验性的知识的概念。弗洛姆的道德教育思想对于道德教育实践有重要的借鉴意义。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xia, Huiyun T1 - Suffocating Spiritual Wasteland: On O'Connor's >A Good Man Is Hard to Find< [令人窒息的精神荒原:浅析奥康纳的《好人难寻》] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Way of Success [成才之路], No. 30 (2009), p. 29. N2 - 弗兰纳里•奥康纳是美国当代杰出的女性之一,她以其独特的写作风格,在美国文学史上占有重要的一席之地。《好人难寻》是她杰出的代表作,小说依然体现了她一贯的暴力和死亡主题。此文主要运用弗洛姆有关爱的理论来分析老奶奶一家的悲惨命运,从而指出爱的缺乏是造成其悲剧性的根本原因。 N2 - Flannery O'Connor is one of the leading contemporary American woman, her writing style with its unique in the history of American literature occupies an important place. >A Good Man Is Hard to Find< is her outstanding masterpiece, the novel still reflects her usual themes of violence and death. This article is mainly about love using Fromm theory to analyze the grandmother of a tragic fate, thus indicating a lack of love is caused by its tragic root causes. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xia, Xiaowei T1 - Human Struggle – >King Lear< in the Edmund Character Image Analysis [人性的挣扎——《李尔王》中埃德蒙的人物形象分析] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Study Monthly [学习月刊], No. 4 (2009), pp. 31-32. N2 - 人性是人的社会属性和自然属性的概括和总和,人性总反映着社会、历史、伦理以及情感。弗洛伊德把人描述为>欲望的集合体<,弗洛姆认为人性是>人在社会中生存的规律<,>既有适应性,又有反抗性<。《李尔王》(1605)是莎士比亚创作的第三部主要悲剧,莎翁在李尔王及葛罗斯特伯爵的悲剧中描写了不同人物之间的矛盾与斗争,塑造了不同人性的人物形象,尤其是>埃德蒙、高纳里尔、里根代表着一种绝对利己的视界,在他们看来,仇恨与欺诈是人性的基础<,人性的扭曲与挣扎在埃德蒙身上表现得更加明显,这一点也加强了《李尔 N2 - Is human nature in general and the sum of human society and the natural attributes of the property, human total reflects the social, historical, ethical and emotional. Freud described the man as >a collection of Desire<, Fromm believes that human nature is >survival of the people in the community law<, >both adaptability, there are rebellious<. >King Lear< (1605) is the third major tragedy Shakespeare creation, Shakespeare depicts the conflicts and struggles between the different characters of King Lear and the Earl Geluosite tragedy, shaping the characters of different human, especially the >Edmund, high Na Lier, Reagan represents an absolute self-serving view, in their opinion, hatred and fraud is the basis of humanity< the human body twisting and struggling Edmund behave more obviously, it also strengthened the >Lear […]. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xiang, Nan T1 - Analysis of the Development of Western Marxism [西方马克思主义发展浅析] JF - Jilin Institute of Administrative Management >To Improve Government Execution< Symposium, 2009, Jilin, China, in: [Proceedings] Jilin Institute of Administrative Management >To Improve Government Execution< Symposium (>Jilin Zheng News< 2009 - Theory Spec N2 - 本文提出判断西方马克思主义性质的三条标准,并以卢卡奇和弗罗姆为例作了具体分析。本文围绕如何认识和评价西方马克思主义,就西方马克思主义的概念与内涵、西方马克思主义与列宁主义的关系、西方马克思主义的性质等问题进行了分析。西方马克思主义不是一个统一的派别,马克思主义研究中出现多样化的局面是一种历史的必然 N2 - This paper focuses on how to recognize and evaluate Western Marxism, Western Marxism on the concept and connotation of Western Marxism and Leninism relationship, the nature of Western Marxism and other issues were analyzed. Western Marxism is not a unified faction emerged from the study of Marxism diverse situation is a historical necessity. This paper presents the nature of Western Marxism judge three standards, and an example to Lukacs and Fromm made a specific analysis. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xiao, Yu T1 - In You I Love All [我在你身上爱所有的人] JF - West China Broadcasting TV [西部广播电视], No. 4 (2009), p. 244. N2 - 弗洛姆(Erich Fromm,1900-1980),世界著名的人本主义哲学家和精神分析学大师。毕生旨在修改弗洛伊德的精神分析学说,以切合发生两次世界大战后的西方人精神处境,弗洛姆在此被尊为>精神分析社会学<的奠基人之一。 N2 - Fromm (Erich Fromm, 1900 to 1980), the world famous humanist philosopher and psychoanalytic guru. Life is designed to modify Freud's psychoanalytic theory, to meet Westerners spirit of the situation after the two world wars, Fromm this revered as one of the founders of the >psychoanalytic sociology<. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xu, Xiaodan T1 - On the Alienation of Modern Man [试论现代人的异化], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zheijiang, China 2009. N2 - 随着马克思《1844年经济学哲学手稿》在1932年的公开发表,有关>异化<问题的讨论和探索在西方学界一直都没有停息。并且,借助于马克思之后的卢卡奇、霍克海默、弗洛姆、马尔库塞等人的研究,西方学界曾一度将对异化问题的研究推向了高潮。随着社会的发展,特别在紧跟西方步伐进行现代化建设的中国的今天,异化问题更加值得关注。一般而言,现代的>异化<已经深入到社会生活和个人日常生活的各个领域,我们无法逃离日常生活,就等于我们无法逃离>异化<本身。本文分别从经济、政治、社会关系、文化心理和生态环境等五个领域描述了异化现象。接着,分析了现代异化的原因是由市场化原则、科学技术的发展、启蒙理性的发展等原因导致。最后,为了克服异化,我们可以尝试通过将价值和艺术整合入科技之中、对社会进行>综合治疗<、中西文化的适当融合等途径。最终,建立一种提供>积极自由的生存状态<的社会,使个人成为自由自觉、全面发展的人。 N2 - With Marx’s >Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844< in 1932 published, the discussion and exploration about the >alienation< in the Western academia has not stopped. In addition, after the research of Lukács, Horkheimer, Fromm, and Marcuse etc., the Western academic put the study of the Alienation to a climax. As the social development, especially when the today’s China are keeping up the pace of the West to carry out the modernization. The alienation more cause for concern. Generally speaking, the modern >alienation< has been deep into all areas of the social life and the personal daily life. We cannot escape from >alienation< because we cannot escape from everyday life. - This article describes the phenomenon of alienation from five areas such as the economic, political, social relations, culture, psychological and ecological environment. It continues with an analysis of the causes of modern alienation from the principles of market-oriented, scientific and technological development, the development of the enlightenment rational reasons. Finally, in order to overcome alienation, we can try three ways, such as integrate the art and value into the science and technology; >comprehensive treatment< for society; appropriate to carry out the integration of Chinese and Western culture. Ultimately, we should establish a healthy society which can provide a free and positive life state. And make the individuals become unrestrained, conscious, all-round-development. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xue, Hongxia T1 - From the Alienation of Human Nature to Revert to Sound Personality – Fromm’s Thought [从人性的异化到健全人格的复归 – 弗洛姆人学思想研究], Master thesis, Foreign Philosophy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China, 2009. N2 - Erich Fromm is the famous 20th century psychologists, sociologists and philosophers, humanist, founder of psychoanalysis. In the field of psychology, psychoanalysis, he is a representative figure of the cultural school of thought and expression persons; in the field of philosophy, he is the Frankfurt School and the >Western Marxism< one representative. His eyes are always concerned about the >helpless people<, Concerned about the alienation of modern man struggling in the mire in the all-pervasive power and ideology under the strangulation of the spirit of the tear, the fate of the personality aberrations. Erich Fromm’s theory is the core of modern existence and the plight of the way. His life’s work all around the modern industrial goods to survive the economic and social situation of the Azeri state of mind and start to the problem, and he is not concerned about a small number of patients with mental illness or self-realization, but most people survive the difficulties and answer questions. The capitalist society, the phenomenon of alienation of relentless criticism that we clearly recognize that the alienation of human violence, recognize the human loneliness, helplessness, anxiety, recognizing that the loss of our own self is in crisis, at the same time, he also put forward a number of feasible ideas and recommendations, his way to specify a path for the healthy personality and sound reversion of society have made tremendous contributions. In this article, I will be the article is divided into five parts: – The first part of the preamble, to briefly describe Erich Fromm’s life and writings, as well as the author writing the background and significance.– The second part, Erich•Fromm’s ideological source of the formation of its ideology.– The third part of the alienation of human nature, introduced Erich•Fromm’s thinking on the alienation of the theory in detail to clarify Erich•Fromm’s capitalist society on the phenomenon of alienation.– A sound personality reversion of Erch Fromm on a sound personality, as well as the community to explain the thinking and analysis of its feasibility.– Erich•Fromm’s people thought the theory of meaning and practical significance, Erich•Fromm’s thinking on the theoretical and practical significance for analysis to find inspiration and learn from. N2 - 埃利希•弗洛姆是20世纪著名的心理学家、社会学家和哲学家,人本主义精神分析学的创始人。在心理学领域,他是精神分析文化学派的代表人物和集大成者;在哲学领域,他又是法兰克福学派和>西方马克思主义<的代表人物之一。弗洛姆的目光始终都在关注>孤立无援的现代人<,关注现代人在异化的泥沼中苦苦挣扎、在无孔不入的权力与意识形态的绞杀下精神撕裂、人格畸变的命运。埃利希•弗洛姆学说的核心是现代人的生存困境与出路。他一生的研究工作都是围绕现代工业化商品经济社会里人的生存处境和心态问题来展开的,他关心的不是少数心理疾病患者或自我实现者,而是大多数人的生存困境和解答问题。他对资本主义社会异化现象的无情批判使我们清楚的认识到异化现象对人的摧残,认识到人的孤独、无助、焦虑,认识到我们自己正处在丧失自我的危机中,同时,他也提出了一些可行的意见和建议,为人的出路指明了一条道路,为健全人格和健全社会的复归做出了巨大的贡献。在本文中,笔者将文章分为了五个部分:第一部分,前言部分,简要介绍一下埃利希•弗洛姆的生平和著作,以及笔者写作的背景和意义。第二部分,埃利希•弗洛姆思想的来源,介绍其思想的形成。第三部分,人性的异化,介绍埃利希•弗洛姆关于异化理论的思想,详细地弄清楚埃利希•弗洛姆关于资本主义社会异化现象的阐述。第四部分,健全人格的复归,对埃利希•弗洛姆关于健全人格以及健全社会的思想进行阐释并对其可行性进行分析。第五部分,埃利希•弗洛姆人学思想的理论意义与现实意义,对埃利希弗洛姆关于人的思想的理论意义和现实意义进行分析,从中找到启发和借鉴。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yan, Yurong T1 - Character and Moral Judgement – Review of Fromm's Humanistic Ethics and Moral Judgement Theory [弗洛姆价值判断理论述评] JF - Journal of Mudanjiang Teachers College (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition) [牡丹江师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)], No. 1 (2009), pp. 126-128. N2 - Fromm as a contemporary people of the Ethics home,the new representative of Freud, Freud’s critically dynamic character development based on the theory of constructing a humanitarian Ethics value judgement theory. Fromm thinks of a person’s moral character rooted in the people, who are in the formation and development of the personality is not free, but the reason and conscience can still help us to find effective and objective judgement on the value of the standard. Therefore, we are moral judgement, should be more understanding and equality, we should not regard themselves as a moral >judges<, it is very harmful. Fromm these views for us in the modern multi-cultural society, how to deal with different values have some enlightenment. N2 - 弗洛姆作为当代人本主义伦理学家、新弗洛伊德主义的代表人物,在批判地发展弗洛伊德动力性格理论的基础上,建构了人道主义伦理学的价值判断理论。弗洛姆认为一个人的道德特性根植于人的性格,人虽然在性格形成与发展中不是自由的,但理性与良知仍然可以帮助我们找到关于价值判断的客观有效的标准。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yan, Yurong A1 - Li, Wenting T1 - On E. Fromm’s Moral Choice Psychological Theory [弗洛姆的道德选择心理理论] JF - Journal of Jiangxi Blue Sky University [江西科技学院学报], No. 4 (2009), pp. 94-96. N2 - American social philosopher and psychoanalyst E. Fromm discourses on the moral choice theory from the psychological angle. He is, on one hand, against the conventional freedom of will; and on the other hand, disagrees with determinism. According to his theory, as long as people are aware of the unconscious forces behind behaviors, they can obtain the choosing ability so that the causal sequence in the process of development can be altered. He profoundly analyses the decisive factors and psychological process that influence moral choices, making a great contribution to the theoretical construction and development of moral choice theories. Meanwhile, his theory also gives important enlightenment to people's moral choice behaviors in reality. N2 - 美国社会哲学家、精神分析学家弗洛姆从心理学的层面对道德选择理论进行了论述。他既反对传统的意志自由论,也不赞同决定论。他认为,只要意识到了行为背后的无意识力量,人就可以获得选择的能力,从而改变事情发展过程中的因果关系。他深入分析了影响道德选择的决定因素与心理过程,对于道德选择理论建设与发展做出了重大贡献;同时,对于我们分析、理解现实中人们的道德选择行为也有着重要的启示。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Haifeng T1 - The Psychological Mechanism of Escape from Freedom in Modern Society – Interpreting >Escape from Freedom< [现代社会中逃避自由的心理机制——读《逃避自由》] JF - The Journal of Jiangsu Administration Institute [江苏行政学院学报], No. 1 (2009), pp. 31-37. N2 - Freedom is the core idea in modern thought, but the when people pursuing it, they get in a state of anti¬nomy: the when people to get freedom, they feel deeply lonely and unsafe, and because of this, they escape from freedom, even give up freedom, and this is the base of fascism. By unifying Marx's historical materialism and Freud's psychoanalysis, Fromm reveals people's contradictory mental state when confronted with freedom, and Fromm maintains that the way of getting rid of the mental state is making full use of man’s creativity and approaching positive freedom. [Author’s translation] N2 - 自由是近代以来西方思想中的核心理念,但对自由的追求却陷入一种二律背反之中:人们在获得自由的同时,却又感到深深的孤独和不安,正是这种孤独与不安,使人们逃避自由,甚至放弃自由,这是法西斯主义得以产生的心理学基础。通过结合弗洛伊德的精神分析学与马克思的历史唯物主义,弗洛姆揭示了现代人在面对自由时的这种矛盾心态,指出要摆脱这种矛盾心态,就必须充分发挥人的创造性,走向积极的自由。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ye, Yusang T1 - Erich Fromm’s >The Sane Society<– Theory and Its Enlightenment to the Establishment of Harmonious Society [弗洛姆>健全的社会<理论及其对构建和谐社会的启示], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China 2009. N2 - Erich Fromm is a famous German-American humanism philosopher and psychoanalysis psychologist philosopher, and an important representative figure of Frankfurt School in the 20th century. He devoted all his life to amend Freud's psychoanalysis analysis theory with the westerners' spiritual situation after the two world wars, and was honored as one of the founders of >psychoanalysis sociology<. Fromm regarded >humanistic psychoanalysis< as the weapon, seeing through the capitalist bizarre and motley social phenomenon, criticizing its various kinds of alienation phenomena, setting up a sane society. The book >The Sane Society< concentrated his view and striving direction, the book analyzed and criticized to the alienation phenomenon of the capitalist social being, and proposed the road leading to the sane society. This article consists of three parts.– In the first part, it introduced the society and historical background, and thought source of Erich Fromm's sane society theory.– The second part, also the core part of this paper, mainly introduced the basic theory of Fromm's >The Sane Society<, and provides a brief analysis of the problems of this theory. According to Fromm's theory, a sane society is not just the normal operation of a variety of society functions.– The third part is also the last part and practical significance of this article. Despite the neglect of Fromm's theory to the development of productive forces, the criticism of capitalism isn't profound enough, but it is for the one-sided emphasis on economic growth to correct the abnormal development concept, to establish the idea of people-oriented instructive; for a correct understanding of contemporary capitalism new changes, so that to be a certain reference of the healthy development of the socialist cause. The most importance is, the sane social theory of Fromm is characterized by attention to the spirit of healthy people, which shows that both the sane and harmonious society or community is not just a question of transforming the objective world, but also transformation of people's subjective world, the building of great importance to social development in the process of subjective psychological and spiritual factors, such as avoiding physical and chemical phenomena caused by the vacuum of belief and emotion, that builds a socialist spiritual civilization and harmonious society an important practical significance. The building of a harmonious society cannot be separated from building a harmonious individual. Therefore, our theoretical and practical task is to look into Western theories of social theory, including Erich Fromm one dividing into two, taking analysis, criticism and learn attitude, from Fromm's ideal as a democratic capitalist >sane society< to the real sane utopian society, that is, a harmonious socialist society. In this paper, the last part of the discussion on the harmonious society is the analysis, criticism and learns from the results of the concrete reality. N2 - 弗洛姆是知名的德裔美国人本主义哲学家和精神分析心理学家,法兰克福学派的主要代表人物之一,他毕生致力于修改弗洛伊德的精神分析学说以切合发生两次世界大战后的西方人精神处境,被尊为>精神分析社会学<的奠基人之一。弗洛姆坚持以>人本主义精神分析<为武器,透过资本主义光怪陆离的社会现象,批判资本主义社会各种异化现象,致力建立一个健全的社会。《健全的社会》一书集中体现了他的观点和努力方向,书中对资本主义社会存在的异化现象进行了分析和批判,并且提出了通往健全社会的道路。本文主要分为三部分。首先,本文第一部分介绍了弗洛姆>健全的社会<思想产生的主要社会历史背景和思想来源。就社会历史背景来说,本文主要叙述了两次世界大战的灾难以及二战后西方社会的片面发展对社会批判思想兴起的影响。就思想来源来说,本文主要叙述了马克思>异化<理论、唯物史观以及弗洛伊德的精神分析理论对弗洛姆>健全的社会<理论的影响。第二部分,也是本文的核心部分,主要介绍了弗洛姆关于>健全的社会<的基本理论,比较系统地描述了他关于>健全的社会<的界定,他根据>健全的社会<的理想概念对现实资本主义社会种种不健全现象的批判,以及他所设想的从现实的>不健全的社会<到理想的>健全的社会<的实现途径。第三部分是本文的现实意义部分。这一部分首先从马克思主义的立场观点出发,对弗洛姆的>健全的社会<理论的缺点和价值进行了分析评价。总体来说,弗洛姆>健全的社会<理论有两个致命缺点。一个缺点是它的阶级属性,弗洛姆所寄望的>健全的社会<从本质上说是一个资本主义民主社会。另一个缺点是它的空想性。虽然弗洛姆也强调要进行社会经济结构的改造和转变,但是他作为一个心理学家,更多强调的是文化的、道德的、和心理上的革命。因此,弗洛姆的>健全的社会<不是社会主义的>和谐社会<。但是,从另一方面来说,弗洛姆>健全的社会<理论对资本主义工业社会的批判又和社会主义>和谐社会<建设具有某种一致性,具有一定借鉴意义。特别值得指出的是,弗洛姆>健全的社会<理论关注人的健全的精神,而无论是健全的社会还是和谐的社会,都不仅仅是一个改造客观世界的问题,而且还要改造人们的主观世界,重视社会发展建设过程中的心理和精神等主观因素,避免出现物化现象,造成信仰和情感的真空。在这一点上,弗洛姆的理论对建设社会主义精神文明和和谐社会具有特别重要的启示意义。因此,我们的理论和现实任务是一分为二地看待包括弗洛姆>健全的社会<理论在内的西方社会理论,对其采取分析、批判和借鉴的态度,从弗洛姆的作为民主资本主义理想的>健全的社会<空想走向真正的健全社会,即社会主义和谐社会。本文最后一部分关于和谐社会的讨论就是这一分析、批判和借鉴的具体现实结果。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yong, An T1 - What Authority Should You Obey? [你该服从怎样的权威?] JF - Comprehensive Reading for Students, No. 33 (2009), pp.:10-11. N2 - 权威的存在和对权威的服从是人类生活的普遍事实。但人们该服从什么样的权威?20世纪最著名的思想家之一、犹太哲人弗洛姆在其著作《超越幻象之锁链》中回忆了影响他的三个事件:第一个事件是,他的一个朋友在她父亲死后自杀了,并且要求和她父亲一起安葬。他非常不解,为什么会这样?人类的行为背后有什么样的心理奥秘?为什么这些奇怪的行为得以发生? N2 - The existence of authority and obedience to it is a universal fact of human life. But what kind of authority should people submit to? In his book >Beyond the Chains of Illusion<, one of the most famous thinkers of the 20th century, the Jewish philosopher Fromm recalls three events that affected him: The first was when a friend of his committed suicide after the death of her father and asked to be buried with him. He was puzzled as to why this would happen. What are the psychological mysteries behind human behavior? Why do these strange behaviors happen? [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yuan, Luoya T1 - Material Affluence and Passive Personality – An Analysis of Erich Fromm's Criticism on Modern Industrial Society [物质富足与被动人格——弗洛姆对现代工业社会之批判探析] JF - Journal of Chongqing University of Technology (Social Science) [重庆理工大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 9 (2009), pp. 86-89. N2 - 埃里希•弗洛姆认为,发达的现代社会并不像众多人所认为的那样健全,而是与以往历史阶段一样,存在着难以攻克的>历史的两歧<,即物质富足与被动人格。通过对机器大生产之奴役、物质财富之枷锁、技术意识形态之幻想的揭露,弗洛姆批判了从众、非怀疑、随大流的思维态势,批判了需要受刺激、受推动、受诱惑的被动人格,提出了对工业社会进行革命,使其人道化的思想。虽然人道主义基础使得弗洛姆思想缺乏马克思那种实践和革命的深度,但他的确揭示出现代西方人普遍存在的生存困境。 N2 - As a vigilant and pertinent critic of the era, Erich Fromm diagnosed that modern industrial society was not as sound as what many people had thought of, but just as the previous historical stages, it had unconquerable historic two extremes, material affluence and passive personality. He expressed the hope of revolutionizing the industrial society and making it humanitarian […]. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zachrisson, Anders T1 - Countertransference and changes in the conception of the psychoanalytic relationship JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 18 (No. 3, 2009), pp. 177-188. N2 - The concept of countertransference has a long history in psychoanalysis. This paper sketches the phenomenon referred to by countertransference and the development of the concept, from being signs of disturbance in the analyst to an important road to knowledge about the patient's inner life. The complexity of the questions discussed today – how to understand the concepts of neutrality, abstinence, and empathy; the relative subjective mutuality and symmetry of the analytic situation; the analyst's enactments and self-disclosure of feelings – reflects the complexity of the contemporary view of the patient–analyst relationship. In conclusion, the author presents a model illustrating the disturbing and informative aspects of countertransference together with the conceptual relationship between countertransference on the one hand and empathy and projective identification on the other. Finally, by differentiating between intuitive and irrational levels of functioning, an integrated model for countertransference is presented, synthesising the essence of the concept as it is used today. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ze, Jiacheng T1 - Analysis of the Modern Japanese Concept of Personal Responsibility [现代日本个人责任观念分析] JF - Japan Studies [日本研究], No. 2 (2009), pp. 27-30. N2 - 现在日本的社会状况是通过解决自我责任的问题来实现社会顺利发展的。笔者认为,在回顾现代日本存在的各种问题时,个人责任的蔓延应该予以高度重视。为什么日本个人责任观念如此深入人心,笔者认为有必要触及到社会结构的变化甚至基于它基础之上的人类存在方式的变迁,本文试图结合弗洛姆、马克思的社会性格概念、马克思的物象化概念来对个人责任的结构等问题进行探究。 N2 - Now the social situation in Japan is by addressing the problem of self-responsibility to achieve the smooth development of the society. I believe that, in the development of modern day problems in Japan, should attach great importance to the spread of personal responsibility. Why the Japanese concept of personal responsibility is so deeply rooted, I believe that it is necessary to touch on the changes in the structure of society and even based on the changes of the human existence in its foundation, this paper attempts to combine Fromm, Marx's concept of social character, Marx's object-oriented concept to the structure of personal responsibility and other issues to explore. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zepf, Siegfried T1 - Psychoanalysis and Qualitative Psychotherapy Research – Some Epistemological Remarks JF - The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 37 (2009), pp. 645-664. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Haiyun T1 - Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< Psychological Mechanisms Commentary [弗洛姆逃避自由心理机制的述评] JF - Consume Guide [消费导刊], No. 1 (2009), pp. 224, 122. N2 - 自由对现代人具有双重含义,人们一方面追求自由,另一方面逃避自由。弗洛姆从自然的角度和历史的角度分析了人们逃避自由心理机制的生成及其表现形式,并指出逃避自由心理机制的解决途径是通过人的创造性活动,走向积极自由。他的理论,虽然是建立在抽象人性论基础上,但对我国现代化建设具有一定借鉴意义。 N2 - Freedom for modern people has a double meaning, people on the one hand, the pursuit of freedom to escape from freedom, on the other hand. Fromm analyzed from the point of view of natural and historical perspective people escape from freedom psychological mechanisms of generation and its manifestations, and pointed out that the way to resolve Escape from Freedom psychological mechanism is through the creative activity of the people towards positive freedom. His theory is built on the basis of the abstract theory of human nature, but with certain references to China's modernization. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Lei T1 - Fromm’s >Love< Theory [弗洛姆>爱<的理论述评] JF - Journal of Social Science of Hunan Medical University [湖南医科大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 6 (2009), pp. 1-3. N2 - 异化和爱是弗洛姆人本主义思想的三个基本问题,而爱的理论则是弗洛姆人本主义思想的重要内容和归宿。弗洛姆把>爱<看成是消除和克服人的异化,医治资本主义社会病态的>灵丹妙药<。考察和分析弗洛姆关于爱的根源、爱的本质、爱的要素和爱的能力等思想,我们不难发现:一方面,弗洛姆>爱<的理论中包含着合理的成分,其中有可资借鉴的价值;另一方面,这一理论又是不切实际的,具有抽象性和阶级局限性。 N2 - Human nature, alienation, and love is the ideology of Fromm three basic questions, and the theory of love is the important content of the ideology of Fromm and destination. Fromm >love< as eliminate and overcome the alienation of the people, to heal the sick capitalist society >panacea<. Thinking of the investigation and analysis of the root causes of Fromm about love, the nature of love, and the ability of the elements of love and love, we can easily find: on the one hand, reasonable ingredients Fromm, >love< theory, which can learn value; On the other hand, this theory is unrealistic, abstract and class limitations. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Lu T1 - Fromm’s Humanity Alienation Theory and Comprehensive Human Development [弗洛姆的人性异化理论与人的全面发展] JF - Foreign Theoretical Trends [国外理论动态], No. 8 (2009), pp. 105-108. N2 - 德裔美籍思想家埃里希•弗洛姆(ErichFromm)是现代西方著名的新人道主义伦理学家、新精神分析心理学家、西方马克思主义理论家。他敏锐地洞察到,在现代资本主义社会社会生产虽有巨大发展,物质财富也不再匮乏,但人们生活得并不幸福,人们孤独、不安、机械化,人们同自己、同他人、同自然日渐分离,人被全面异化。弗洛姆的目标就是要构建人本主义伦理学,以促成>健全的社会<,消除其对人的压抑,使人的创造性潜能得以充分发挥,从而实现人的全面发展,达到真正意义上的人与自身的统一。一、人与自身相分离的生存现状:人类>生存的两歧<及全面异化自从人类有了自我意识之后,便意识到了自己面对这个强悍世界时的软弱无力,看到了人 N2 - The German descent American thinker Erich Fromm (Erich Fromm) is the famous modern Western humanitarian ethicists, new psychoanalytic psychologist Western Marxist theorist. His keen insight into notwithstanding the tremendous development of social production in modern capitalist society, material wealth is no longer scarce, people's lives are not happy, lonely people uneasy, mechanization, with yourself, with others, with nature growing separation, comprehensive alienation. Fromm's goal is to build the Ethics, to contribute to a healthy society, eliminate the repression of its people, the people's creative potential into full play, so as to achieve all-round development of the people, to achieve a real sense people with their own unified. Survival status of people with phase separation: human survival manifold and comprehensive alienation since the human self-awareness, we realized that the weak face this tough world to see people. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Mei T1 - Unbearable Freedom: On the Heroine in >The House of Mirth< [不能承受之自由:《欢乐之家》中女主人公命运解析] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Shandong Literature [山东文学], No. 6 (2009), pp. 82-83. N2 - 迪丝•华顿的《欢乐之家》反映了十九世纪末和二十世纪初美国妇女的社会地位和现状,本文探讨了主人公丽莉的境遇和她为自由进行的抗争,并利用社会心理学家弗罗姆逃避自由的理论,剖析了女主人公以死亡结束命运的必然性 N2 - Edith Wharton’s >The House of Mirth< reveals American women’s social status at the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century. The paper explores Lily’s fate and her struggles for freedom. By employing Erich Fromm’s theory about escaping from freedom, it also analyzes the inevitability of Lily’s death. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Xianghong T1 - Analysis of Love Education for College Students [试析大学生的爱情教育] JF - Exam Weekly [考试周刊], No. 34 (2009), pp. 202-204. N2 - 面对大学生的恋爱现状,高校应重视对大学生进行爱情教育,弗洛姆关于爱的理论对大学生的爱情教育有现实的借鉴意义。爱情教育的目的在于形成健康的爱情观,本文具体分析了大学生的爱情教育。 N2 - Faced with the current situation of love among college students, colleges and universities should pay attention to love education for college students, and Fromm's theory of love has practical significance for love education of college students. The purpose of love education is to form a healthy concept of love, and this paper specifically analyzes the love education of college students. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Xinying T1 - Variations on the Margin – The Homosexual Dimension of Tennessee Williams’ Plays [边缘上的变奏 – 田纳西•威廉斯剧作中同性恋维度的精神分析], Doctoral dissertation, English Language and Literature, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China 2009 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 作为美国二战后最著名的剧作家之一,田纳西•威廉斯以其不朽的艺术成就成为美国及世界剧坛的奇葩。在长达50年之久的戏剧创作生涯中,他奉献剧作七十余部,作品不同程度地受到了人们的热烈称颂和赞誉。《玻璃动物园》是他迈向成功的第一部作品,剧作中,他将饱含浓郁诗情色彩的现实主义引入了美国剧坛;《欲望号街车》堪称为性与心理完美结合的典范,极大地丰富了美国的文化意蕴;《热铁皮屋顶上的猫》则对政治与性道德进行了大胆地追问。近年来一度被视作其败笔的后期剧作脱颖而出成为评论界瞩目的焦点。田纳西为美国及世界戏剧文化做出的巨大贡献使其先后获得普利策奖、纽约剧评家协会奖、托尼奖等诸多文学奖项,并最终奠定了他在美国乃至世界剧坛的地位。《剑桥文学指南》的编辑者马修•路德恩在评述美国二十世纪的剧作家时提到:>田纳西•威廉斯在美国剧坛的中心地位并非时序使然,而是在于他的戏剧想象力。<然而,这位以其独特创作风格丰富美国及世界舞台的戏剧大师却备受争议。由于威廉斯本人复杂、>病态<的生活经历、作品中荒诞离奇的戏剧情节以及性、暴力、疯癫等敏感的戏剧主题,他曾一度被排斥在美国主流文化之外,一些评论家对其剧作大加贬斥,认为他的剧作道德败坏、有失伦常。因此,当这位戏剧大师离世之时,琳达•瓦恩纳在《今日美国》中对之给予这样的评价:>当听说田纳西•威廉斯刚刚在楼上去世时,没有人在打听他是谁……当然,名声并不能说明什么,但现代剧作家中再也找不出一位像威廉斯这样复杂而又生动地影响美国意识的剧作家了。尽管他的吸毒、酗酒、同性恋和后期剧作的失败是众所周知的,但他的那些获奖作品却依然存在,这正是匕首与诗歌同存的有着缺陷的人性的体现。<威廉斯在美国和世界剧坛的巨大影响力及其剧作的负面评论显示了一个不争的事实:蕴含于威廉斯剧作中丰富的人性内涵深深地触动了现代人脆弱而多感的灵魂,然而扑朔迷离的人物以及迷幻的语言风格使其剧作晦涩难懂,长期以来遭到误读。鉴于此,有必要对威廉斯剧作进行全面解读以期挖掘出其中更深层次的思想内涵。与同时代的其他两位戏剧大师尤金•奥尼尔和阿瑟•米勒一样,威廉斯也十分关注处于精神迷惘的现代人的内心世界,但不同的是,他所关注的是那些形形色色无法融入主流社会的边缘人群,剧作中,他竭力展现这些>有缺陷的人<那饱受痛苦煎熬的灵魂。追本溯源,威廉斯在其剧作中对于边缘群体的热切关注源自于患有同性恋恐惧症的美国社会带给他这个>性倒错<者的创伤与痛苦。因此,威廉斯剧作中的主旋律必定是与他边缘的性身份紧密相关的边缘思想。威廉斯的个人经历与美国社会政治文化背景对其作品的影响使其剧作中同性恋的表达十分复杂,这一复杂性要求必须在充分考虑到文学评论的四大要素,既作品、作家、世界、读者的基础上,从与作品相关的社会、文化、政治等方面入手对其剧作进行全方位、多层面的解读。经过严密的论证,精神分析发展的重要里程碑—弗洛伊德的个体心理学、弗洛姆的社会心理学、荣格的分析心理学以及拉康的后现代精神分析顺次成为论文的理论框架。于是,同性恋为研究对象,精神分析为研究方法,威廉斯边缘思想体系为研究目的,共同演绎了这篇《边缘上的变奏:威廉斯剧作中同性恋维度的精神分析》。弗洛伊德的个体心理学主张通过作家与作品的关系进行文学研究,认为梦的形成与文学创作有异曲同工之妙。鉴于梦的隐义可以通过梦的显像来表达,那么威廉斯作品中显现的作为同性恋艺术家的自画像则成为探索他个人边缘感的主要渠道。威廉斯的剧作大多是情感性自传,并非他个人经历的真实展现而是其心理世界的反映。剧作中,他情不自禁地将自己的边缘情结投射在剧中人物身上:早期剧作中,这位年轻的剧作家将女性人物视为他的情感之根;麦卡锡时代,作家的使命感敦促这位成熟的剧作家将面戴神秘面纱的自我送上了为边缘人群寻求救赎希望的神圣之旅;当社会对同性恋的态度有所缓和时,威廉斯的生命和艺术之火已渐渐燃尽,于是他在作品中留下一份空间,期望在真实自我的寻求中重返艺术世界。这些游弋于作品中鲜活的人物形象所汇聚而成的威廉斯作为同性恋艺术家的自画像向我们展示了威廉斯的个人边缘感。弗洛姆的社会心理学探讨的是社会如何利用社会无意识对个体意识进行控制的,这为探讨威廉斯流于作品中的社会层面的边缘感打开了方便之门。在推崇异性恋的社会里,同性恋被视为一个规避的存在,这种内化了的同性恋恐惧症使大多数社会成员神经过敏,致使同性恋这一群体痛苦地挣扎在主流社会的边缘之上。剧作中,威廉斯在表达他个人边缘感的同时,也通过从多角度展现社会强加给同性恋的心理创伤来表达同性恋作为边缘群体的边缘感:所有的社会成员在内化了的同性恋恐惧症这一社会无意识的作用下孤立、排斥同性恋;出于对排斥的恐惧,备受压抑的同性恋只能选择逃亡作为他们的出路;然而不幸的是,正是逃亡使他们陷入了无尽的孤独之中。由此,在见证威廉斯作为一个成熟的剧作家如何将个人情感转化为艺术情感的过程中我们领略到了他社会层面的边缘感。威廉斯的剧作中饱含大量的神话和原型。对他而言,神话和原型具有极强的象征意义,是很>自然的戏剧语言<,威廉斯由此展现了他对世界的感知。荣格的原型理论认为,神话和原型代表了人类最普遍的情感,因而具有文化的内涵。剧作中,他在描绘主流文化所推崇的二元对立模式下残缺不全的世界的同时,竭力凸显他构建的以和谐、相容为文化理念的理想世界:在个人意识的范围内,他摒弃了精神与肉体的分裂、呼唤完整的人性;在两性世界里,他打破了两性的界限,崇尚双性同体;看到同自然的分离是人类痛苦的根源,他表达了逃离这个腐朽社会、与自然和谐相容的美好愿望。两种文化模式下两个世界的对比彰显了他对异于主流文化的同性恋边缘文化所做的贡献。福柯认为,语言是各种权利运作的载体,运用探索无意识与语言关系的拉康后现代精神分析对威廉斯剧作中同性恋话语的解读可以使我们充分体会到他在剧作中所表现的对于主流话语的独特的应对机制,其作品语言风格的流动可以看成是美国社会政治气候及其文学地位变化的晴雨表:早期剧作中模棱两可的语言显示他>欲语还羞<;麦卡锡时代,既得的文学地位使他得以在作品中构建同性恋新形象来对抗主流话语对同性恋形象的贬损:石墙事件以后,和其他同时代的作家一样,威廉斯采用了直言不讳的表述方法,与此同时,他还调动各种戏剧手段作为语言符号来表现同性恋的心理问题。剧作中语言风格的变化展示了威廉斯政治层面的边缘感。至此,这部为徜徉于威廉斯剧作中的边缘思想而唱响的以同性恋为主题的精神分析的变奏曲终于落下了帷幕:威廉斯所热衷的自我表述将我们带进了他的内心世界,使我们可以真实地探求他作为一个同性恋无法融入主流社会的边缘感;作为同性恋艺术家的>非个人化<将我们的目光引向了他剧作中所描述的和他一样生活在社会边缘的同性恋群体,在对其进行剖析的过程中,我们深切地感受到了蕴含其中的浓郁的社会意识;神话和原型增强了威廉斯剧作的普遍性,这使威廉斯得以在作品中构建一个与现实世界相抗衡的理想世界,由此为被主流文化所不容的同性恋文化做出了贡献;对威廉斯流动变化的写作风格的研读使我们的嗅到了其中强烈的政治味道。这样,四个理论节点所形成的四个变奏,既论文的四个部分交相辉映形成了这部变奏曲的多彩乐章。尽管威廉斯的作品频频受到非议,但近半个多世纪以来,观众及读者对之兴趣依然不减。一些曾因威廉斯戏剧而名声大噪的演员如马龙•白兰度、保罗•纽曼、杰西卡•唐迪至今依然令人难以忘怀;他诗性妙曼的语言依然回响在舞台上;他笔下栩栩如生的人物还扣动着观众与读者的心弦。如今,威廉斯已离世二十余载,其剧作在世界舞台上又开始了新一轮的巡演,其戏剧研究也日渐趋热。威廉斯戏剧的再热不仅从一个侧面论证了其剧作强大的艺术生命力和感染力,而且从某种程度上也显示出他笔下的那些形形色色在道德和人性上错位的边缘群体在这个多元化的时代终于唤起了人们的广泛关注,这些人物所展现的苟存于主流文化之中的生活方式和边缘文化意识都有待于我们对之进行重新鉴赏和审视,去挖掘其中所蕴含的超越于时空的丰富的思想内涵。希望本论文所提供的独特的理论视角可以为此方面的研究打开一个局面,从而为日益多彩的威廉斯戏剧研究抹上浓重而真实的一笔。 N2 - As one of the greatest playwrights in the 20th century, Tennessee Williams won many top theatrical awards, such as Pulitzer Prize, New York Drama Critics’ Circle Award and Tony Award, etc. Yet, the playwright whose unique creative style had enriched American and world theatre was a controversial figure. Owing to his own morbid life experience, along with his fantastic dramatic plots and recurrent themes of sex, violence, insanity, and etc., Williams used to be shunned by American mainstream culture for quite some time and also labeled as an immoral abettor by some critics. As Linda Winer commented when he was found dead in Room Sunset at the Hotel Elysee of New York City in USA Today: When told Tennessee Williams had just died upstairs, no one needed to ask who he was … Celebrity, of course, is no proof of greatness. Yet it is impossible to name another modern playwright who has broken into American’s consciousness with Tennessee Williams’ complex, vivid force. Despite publicity about drugs, alcoholism, homosexuality, and failures of his later plays, it is the award-winning playwright’s work – the knives and poetry of flawed humanity – that remains. - The concurrence of Williams’ great power over the global theatre and the unfavorable criticism he encounters in his playwriting demonstrates: the rich connotation of human nature in his plays do touch modern people’s fragile and sensitive souls, but owning to ambiguous characters and evasive language, his plays have been misread for a long time. In view of this, it is necessary to make a panoramic interpretation of Williams’ dramatic canon to delve into the ideological connotation in his plays. - Williams, like the other two great American playwrights Eugene O’Neill and Arthur Miller, concerns himself with the inner psyche of spiritually perplexed modern man, but he chooses to fix his eyes on all hues of marginal people, devoted to probing into the tortured inner worlds of >the flawed people< populating his plays. Tracing the root in his life experience, Williams’ obsessively dramatizing the marginal people originates in his sufferings of being asexual deviant in American homophobic society. It is justifiable to say that the main motif of his plays is his marginal ideology closely associated with his marginalized sexual identity. - Williams’ life experience, together with American socio-political and cultural milieu, complicates his presentation of homosexuality. The complexity requires the present study to deploy a vast panorama, i.e. individually, socially, culturally and politically, with consideration into all >four elements in the total situation of a work of art<, i.e. the work to the author, the universe (or nature, and the world) and the audience (or listeners, spectators and readers). The milestones of psychoanalytical development, i.e. Freud’s individual psychology, Fromm’s social psychology, Jung’s analytical psychology and Lacan’s post-modernism psychoanalysis are respectively applied to the present study in a chronological order. Thus, with homosexuality as the research object, psychoanalysis as theoretical approach and Williams’ marginal ideology as the aim of research, Variations on the Margin: A Psychoanalytical Critique of Homosexuality in Tennessee Williams’ Plays is born. - Freudian individual psychology suggests that a piece of literary work be studied through the inter-relationship of an author and work and dream-work parallel art-work. Considering that the >dream-thoughts< can be represented by the manifest content of a dream, namely >pictographic script, the natural language of drama< Jungian archetypal theory believes that myths and archetypes represent human beings’ universal feelings and thus carry the cultural connotation. By employing them, Williams indicates his perception of the world. In his plays, he describes the incomplete world constructed in the mode of binary opposition advocated by mainstream culture, and in theme anwhile, emphasizes his ideal world with the concepts of compatibility and harmony. From man ontology to the outside world, he constructs three ordinal worlds as the counterparts of the ones that accord to mainstream culture. The sharp contrast of the two kinds of worlds reveals Williams’ great contribution to the gay subculture in conflict with mainstream culture. - Michel Foucault thinks that language serves as a carrier of various power exercises. The interpretation of Williams’ homosexual discourse in terms of Lacanian postmodernism psychoanalysis that lays more weight on the interrelationship of the unconscious and language presents his unique tactics coping with the constraints of mainstream discourse. The fluidity of Williams’ language style can be read as a >barometer< of American socio-political climate and the change of his literary status, thus connoting Williams’ marginal ideology on the political level. - The study of homosexuality in Williams’ plays from the omni bearings in terms of psychoanalysis gives us an access to the four aspects: his self-portrait as a homosexual artist, the pitiable plight of the homosexual group on the social margin, his ideal world connoted by gay sub-culture, and the homosexual discourse. Through the analysis of these four aspects, we have got four ideas held by Williams as a marginal being. They serve as four variations of Williams’ marginal ideology, thus wor-king together to play a colorful musical movement with his marginal ideology as primary motif. - Today, twenty-six years after his death, Williams’ plays have imperiously started another revival on the world’s theatrical stage. The revival not only has authenticated Williams’ strong artistic vitality, but also, in some sense, indicated that the various marginal groups with moral and human dislocations in his plays have finally got the attention in the era of diversity. The life style and marginal ideology of these marginal characters are waiting to be anew appreciated and surveyed so as to mine for the rich ideological connotation beyond time and space. It is hoped that the unique theoretical perspective offered in the present dissertation will open up a prospect of Williams study in this respect and hence enrich the increasingly colorful Williams studies. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Yuqin T1 - Contemporary >Freedom< Confusion – >Escape from Freedom< Mass Psychology Thoughts of Contemporary Chinese Society [当代人的>自由<困惑——用弗洛姆>逃避自由<思想解析中国当代社会民众心理] JF - Vicissitudes [沧桑], No. 2 (2009), pp. 153-154. N2 - 弗洛姆是西方马克思主义的重要代表人物,学术贡献之一是对人类自由进行了独到的剖析,指出在追求自由的进程中,人类摆脱了封建的束缚,却迎来了新的羁绊,处于困境中的现代人出现了极力逃避自由的反常现象。当前,我国社会民众心理也存在着极力逃避自由的现象,成为我国社会发展必须关注的问题。 N2 - Fromm important representatives of Western Marxism, one of the academic contribution to human freedom a unique analysis, pointed out to rid mankind of the shackles of feudalism in the process of the pursuit of freedom, has ushered in the new fetters, is the plight of modern man tried to escape from freedom anomaly. At present, the psychology of our society people there or tried to escape from freedom, to become China's social development must be of concern. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhao, Jing T1 - On Fromm's Theory of Alienation [弗洛姆异化理论探析] JF - Journal of Huzhou Teachers College [湖州师范学院学报], No. 6 (2009), pp. 72-74. N2 - >Alienation< is a central concept Fromm used to analyze the character of the capitalist social system. He held that the root causes of alienation not only because of the capitalist economic system but also because of human existence and the nature of contradictions. To overcome alienation, we have the need for psychological revolution and social revolution. Fromm’s theory of alienation reflects a strong spirit of critical realism, gives us the reference and inspiration. N2 - >异化<是弗洛姆用来分析资本主义社会制度下人的性格的一个中心概念,他认为异化的根源不仅在于资本主义的经济制度,更在于人的存在与本质的矛盾。要克服异化,必须进行心理革命和社会革命。弗洛姆的异化理论体现着强烈的批判的现实主义精神。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhao, Liming T1 - Fromm's Psychological Theory of Alienation and Its Implications [弗洛姆的心理异化理论及其启示], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China, 2009. N2 - On the basis of the combination of Karl Marx’s theory of alienation and Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalysis, Erich Fromm discovers and analyzes psychological alienation of people who are in developed industrial society. He also points out the method to solve the problem of psychological alienation. Erich Fromm believes that psychological alienation of people who are in developed industrial society embodies the avoidance of freedom, the alienation of character structure, the living style emphasizing the possession and neglecting subsistence. The chief reason lies in the alienation of human nature. In order to solve the problem of psychological alienation, sound characteristics and perfect society must be established with love and rationality.– Erich Fromm’s theory of psychological alienation has theoretical and realistic significance of deepening the study of modern practical philosophy, breaking the restriction of Commodity Fetishism under market economy, solving the subsistence problem and fulfilling the all-round development of people. Erich Fromm’s theory of psychological alienation enriches and develops psychology and the theory of alienation. It upholds the banner of humanism and reflects the spirit of critical realism. On the other hand, there is paradox and Utopianism in his theory. N2 - 弗洛姆在综合马克思的异化理论和弗洛伊德的精神分析学说的基础上,对发达工业社会人的心理异化进行了深刻揭示和分析,提出了解决心理异化问题的途径。弗洛姆认为,发达工业社会人的心理异化主要表现为逃避自由、性格结构的异化、重占有轻生存的生存方式,其主要原因在于人的本质的异化,要想解决心理异化的问题,必须用爱和理性,去实现健全的人格和健全的社会。弗洛姆心理异化理论对于深化当代实践哲学的研究、突破市场经济条件下商品拜物教的樊篱、解决当代人的生存问题和实现人的全面发展都具有重要的理论和现实意义。弗洛姆的心理异化理论丰富和发展了心理学及异化理论,高举人道主义的旗帜,体现出了强烈的批判现实主义的精神。但也不可否认,他的理论存在着的矛盾性和乌托邦主义色彩。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhao, Ling T1 - The Research of Fromm’s Theory about Love [关于弗洛姆爱的理论研究], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2009. N2 - Fromm is an American famous philosopher, psychologists and ethicists in the 20th century, and he is an important representative of the Frankfurt School. Love about the theory is the core of Fromm’s ethics. This article is divided into three chapters to discuss the Fromm’s theory about love.– The first chapter tells the background and theoretical foundation of Fromm’s theory about love, and then discusses the entire theoretical system of the love theory of Fromm’s: Pointed out that the love is a kind of art and ability, in essence, a >given< and the practice of love. Lastly, it also discusses the love that including universal love, motherly love, sexes love, the God of love. All forms of love are included the basic elements, such as concern, responsibility, respect and understanding and so on.– In the second chapter, we compared Fromm’s theory about love with the other love theory by comparing method, which explained the difference and contact between them. At last reveals philosophic meaning of Fromm’s love theory.– In the third chapter, pointing out the limitations and inadequacy by reflection of Fromm’s theory about love. In the finally, summing up the rationality and practical significance of Fromm’s theory about love. N2 - 弗洛姆在《爱的艺术》中独辟蹊径,阐释了爱的理论,表达了对爱的全新理解。本文首先阐述了弗洛姆关于爱的理论:爱是对人类生存问题的回答,爱是对人的处境问题的真正解决,是人与自然、他人、自己建立联系的最健康的途径。爱的本质是>给予<、爱是一门艺术、爱是一种能力、爱是一种积极的活动、爱是一种性格倾向、爱是一种态度,爱也是一种实践,一种体验。爱包括博爱、母爱、性爱、自爱、上帝之爱等形式,并且所有爱的形式都包含关心、责任心、尊重和了解等基本要素。然后又论述了爱是可以经过努力和勤奋掌握的一门艺术,并指出弗洛姆关于爱的理论的哲学意义;接着又对弗洛姆关于爱的理论与其他爱的理论进行比较,阐述了他们之间的关系;最后,论证了弗洛姆关于爱的理论的局限性和不足,但是瑕不掩瑜,它的合理性和积极性是主要的,而且弗洛姆关于爱的理论在今天仍然具有巨大的启发作用和现实意义。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhao, Liwei T1 - Quest for Happy Life under Positive Freedom – An Interpretation on the Theme of Freedom in the >Golden Notebook<, Master thesis [在能动自由下寻求幸福生活 - 论《金色笔记》中的自由主题], English Language and Literature, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2009, 71 pp. [Application of Fromm's theories to art] N2 - Doris Lessing (born 1919) is one of the most outstanding British female writer and the Noble Prize winner of 2007. The Golden Notebook which was published in 1962 is her masterpiece. The thesis clearly shows the theme of the novel-freedom, on the basis of Erich Fromm’s views on freedom put forward in Escape from Freedom 1941. Free women are far away from positive freedom. And modern men feel anxious and restless in their mind. Mental puzzlement makes the acclaimed free women fall into negative freedom. After realizing their negative freedom, the characters in the novel use all kinds of mechanisms to get rid of their mental burdens, but all that they did were in vain. Human beings should accept their state actively, love the world and people without rewards and work spontaneously in order to get happiness.– Using this new perspective, I want to reveal the novel’s social value and realistic meaning. N2 - 多丽丝•莱辛(1919-- )是当今英国文坛上颇负盛名的女作家,2007年诺贝尔文学奖获得者。于1962年出版的《金色笔记》是莱辛的代表作。本文运用美国思想家埃里希•弗洛姆在1941年出版的《逃避自由》中提出的关于>自由<的观点对《金色笔记》的自由主题加以分析。自由女性并不自由。现代人的内心充满焦虑、不安,精神上的困惑促使看似自由的人陷入消极的自由状态。小说中的主要人物在意识到自己处在消极自由状态后利用各种逃避机制摆脱精神上的枷锁,但结果却适得其反。这说明人们只有返璞归真到无私的爱和自发性工作后才能获得能动自由以及达到内心的宁静获得幸福。本文通过这一视角来理解这部作品,旨在揭示其现实意义以及社会价值。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhao, Qin T1 - On the Annoyance and the >Art of Loving< by Fromm [论烦恼与弗洛姆《爱的艺术》] JF - Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University (Social Science Edition) [西安石油大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 3 (2009), pp. 69-73. N2 - In the fields of philosophy, annoyance is almost the permanent topic. Fromm attempted to define the root of annoyance as the loneliness from the perspective of psychology. There are various ways of getting rid of loneliness, the ideal combined way of which is the mature love. It is thought that how to gain the mature love involves the following aspects: the first is to have mature personality, in other words, to have high self-recognition and creativity; the second is that human should know the spirit cleaning, namely keep attention concentrated and have brain sensible and awaken; the final is to gain the capacity of love by overcoming the self-love, and having rational belief and active activity. N2 - 在哲学领域里,烦恼几乎是永恒的主题。弗洛姆试图从心理学角度把烦恼的根源归结为孤寂感。摆脱孤寂感的方式各种各样,成熟的爱是比较理想的结合方式。对如何才能获得这种成熟的爱的问题,笔者认为:首先要有成熟的人格也就是具有高度的自我认同感和创造力的人格。其次,人应该懂得精神清洁,也就是要注意保持注意力集中,保持头脑清醒理智,最后要通过克服自恋、合理的信仰和积极的活动来获得爱的能力。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zheng, Guihua T1 - >The Love between Parents and Children< Classroom Record [《父母与孩子之间的爱》课堂实录] JF - Chinese Language Learning [语文学习], No Z1 (2009), pp. 103-107. N2 - 时间:2009年4月9日学生:上海市南汇中学高三化学班师:今天我们讲《父母与孩子之间的爱》,课前我已经请大家将文章再看一遍(板书题目),把自己的摘要预习作业再修改一下。这篇文章的作者是谁?生:弗罗姆。(板书)师:是一个什么样的人?生:哲学家。师:这是文章的基本信息。下面我们来交流预习作业。谁先来把你的预习作业(说明:200字 … N2 - Time: 2009, April 9. Students: Shanghai Nanhui Middle School Senior Chemistry Class Division: Today we are talking about >The love between parents and children<, before class I have asked you to read the article again (the title of the board) and revise your summary pre-work. Who is the author of this article? Student: Fromm. (Blackboard.) Teacher: What kind of person is he? Student: Philosopher. Teacher: This is the basic information of the article. Let's share our pre-study homework. Who will be the first to put your pre-study homework (Instructions: 200 words) … [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 9/2021] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zheng, Jinghua T1 - Analysis of the Structure of the Subconscious Psychological Law [守法心理结构的潜意识探析] JF - The 12th National Academic Conference of Psychology, November 5, 2009, Jinan, China, in: [Proceedings] Twelfth National Academic Conference of Psychology, Collection of Abstracts [第十二届全国心理学学术大会论文摘要集] (2009), p. 437. N2 - 守法心理结构是守法行为的内在根据,探讨守法心理结构的起源、形成和发展具有重要的现实意义,有利于社会成员法律社会化的形成,有利于维护社会的稳定发展。本文主要从潜意识理论的角度出发分析守法心理结构的起源及其发展变化过程,这里的潜意识包括弗洛伊德的个体潜意识、荣格的集体潜意识和弗洛姆社会潜意识。从一方面分析,集体潜意 N2 - Abiding psychological structure is based on law-abiding behavior inherent to explore the origins of law-abiding psychological structure, formation and development has important practical significance, members of the legal community in favor of social formation, is conducive to maintaining social stability development. This article from the perspective of the theory of the subconscious psychological structure analysis of the origins of law and its development process of change, where the subconscious including Freud's individual unconscious, Jung's collective unconscious and subconscious Fromm society. From one analysis, the collective subconscious [...]. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zheng, Yan T1 - Depersonalization on Internet from Psychological Perspective – From Fromm to Rollo May JF - Journal of Harbin University [哈尔滨学院], No. 2 (2009), pp. 28-31. N2 - Depersonalization in a community group is the research subject of socio-psychology. With the popularity of Internet, in recent years, people give up their personality in the Internet context. Although this phenomenon attracts more attention, there is less theoretical discussion. In fact, Fromm (psycho-analysis) and Rollo May (humanism) have discussed the cause such phenomenon from personality perspective. Based on their theory, the personality dive for depersonality is discussed in this paper. N2 - 群体范围内的个体去个性化现象,是社会心理学的一项研究内容。近年来,随着网络的普及,网络情境中去个性化现象引起了人们的重视,但对这种新兴现象存在的理论基础很少有述及。其实,在精神分析的弗洛姆到人本主义的罗洛梅两位心理学家的理论体系中,都从人格角度对去个性化的原因进行过探讨,文章试图整合两位心理学家的思想,从理论角度去思考网络去个性化的人格动力。 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhou, Xiaomei T1 - Interpretation of Zhang Ailing’s >Cao Qiqiao< from Fromm's Theory of Personality and Personality Type Theory [从弗洛姆的人格理论和性格类型理论看张爱玲笔下的曹七巧形象 ] [Application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Anhui Literature (The Second Half)[安徽文学(下半月)], No. 9 (2009), pp. 75-76. N2 - 张爱玲的《金锁记》着力表现的是市民出身的姜家二少奶奶曹七 巧悲剧的一生。病态的社会和低下的家庭出身是她人格变异的根本原因,她是施虐狂和破坏狂,她对人心存疑虑,是弗洛姆关于性格类型理论中的典型的>贮藏型< 形象,本文试图以弗洛姆的人格理论和性格类型理论来分析曹七巧形象,以揭示曹七巧人生悲剧的真正原因。 N2 - Zhang Ailing [Eileen Chang] >Golden Lock< focus on the performance is the public origin jiangjia second soul mate Cao Qiqiao tragedy life. Sick society and poor family background is the root cause of the variation of her personality, she is sadistic and destruction mad, her doubts about Fromm on the theory of personality type in the typical >storage type< image. This paper attempts to Fromm's theory of personality and personality type theory to analyze Cao Qiqiao, to reveal the tragedy real reason of Cao Qiqiao life. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhu, Xia A1 - He, Qizong T1 - Humanistic View of Teacher [人本主义的教师观] JF - Education Research Monthly [教育学术月刊], No. 10 (2009), pp. 6-9. N2 - The school of humanistic psychology has published many unique and valuable views on teachers, which are of great significance to the reform and development of teacher education in China. The article analyzes the views of Fromm, Maslow, Rogers and other humanistic psychologists on the role of teachers, teacher quality and teacher education, and reveals the implications of their views on teachers to the development of teacher education in China. [Automatic translation] N2 - 人本主义心理学流派在教师问题上发表了许多独到而有价值的观点,这些观点对我国教师教育的改革与发展具有重要的启示意义。文章分析了弗洛姆、马斯洛和罗杰斯等人本主义心理学家的教师角色观、教师素质观和教师教育观,揭示了他们的教师观对我国教师教育发展的启示 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zimmerman, D. T1 - >Avoir ou être<, une réflexion à l’ère post-frommienne JF - Moneta. Le journal pour un usage différent de l’argent, Olten No. 2 (23. Juni 2009), p. 11. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fatal violence – from trauma to offence: A case study in forensic psychotherapy and trauma therapy with a migrant patient JF - International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 18 (No. 1, 2009), pp. 042-048. N2 - That persons who are objects of violence and traumatisation become offenders themselves is a typical feature of ill-fated cycles of violence in countries torn by fierce political, ethnic, and religious conflicts. Some refugees and migrants with this background present a challenge to forensic psychotherapy when they continue such patterns of physical force and criminal behaviour in a host country like Germany, and are found to be either not responsible or of diminished responsibility for their criminal acts by reason of mental disorders or addictions. Their offences create a critical legal situation for them, since they are threatened with deportation. At the same time, their clinical condition is critical, for they were possibly subjected to traumatic experiences by authorities in their past; their cooperation in the treatment can seriously affect their legal status. Finding a way out of these complications has to take these special factors into account. Our paper focuses on the case study of a refugee from North Africa, illustrating a model of cooperation in forensic inpatient treatment, special trauma therapy (narrative exposure therapy), and expert testimony. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - BOOK ED - Boll, M. ED - Gross, R. T1 - Die Frankfurter Schule und Frankfurt. Eine Rückkehr nach Deutschland, Frankfurt (Wallstein) 2009. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - BOOK ED - Funk, Rainer T1 - Erich Fromm als Therapeut. Frühere Schüler erinnern sich an seine Praxis der Psychoanalyse, Gießen (Psychosozial-Verlag) 2009. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://web.psychosozial-verlag.de/psychosozial/details.php?catp=&p_id=2002 ER - TY - BOOK ED - Funk, Rainer T1 - The Clinical Erich Fromm. Personal Accounts and Papers on Therapeutic Technique, Amsterdam and New York (Rodopi Publisher), 2009. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.rodopi.nl/functions/search.asp?BookId=CPS+9 ER - TY - BOOK ED - Funk, Rainer T1 - Erich Fromm - Mein Glaube an den Menschen, ausgewählt und eingeführt von Rainer Funk, Düsseldorf (Patmos) 2009. Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.patmos.de/erich-fromm-mein-glaube-an-den-menschen-p-7433.html ER - TY - GEN ED - Pariante, C. M. ED - et al., T1 - Understanding Depression. A Translational Approach. Oxford (Oxford University Press) 2009. Y1 - 2009 N1 - Ex libris Marco Bacciagaluppi ER -