TY - JOUR A1 - Zhao, Sikong T1 - Review on the Development of Marxist Philosophy Discipline in Shanghai in 2014 [上海学术报告(2014)上海市社会科学界联合会专题资料汇编] JF - Shanghai Academic Report [上海市社会科学界联合会(2014) (Shanghai Federation of Social Science Circles Special Material, Conference year 12/2015). N2 - 一、回归经典由俞吾金教授、吴晓明教授和杨耕教授主编的>当代哲学经典<系列丛书于2014年由北京师范大学出版社出版。其中,《当代哲学经典·马克思主义哲学卷》分册由杨耕教授、吴晓明教授和仰海峰教授主编,分为上下两册,主要选编了当代国外马克思主义主要流派的经典文本。上册选编了卢卡奇、柯尔施、葛兰西、霍克海默、阿多诺、沃尔佩、萨特、科西克、施米特、弗洛姆、沙夫、汤普逊、马尔库塞和阿尔都塞的重。 N2 - I. Return to the Classics. The series of >Classics of Contemporary Philosophy<, edited by Professors Yu Wujin, Wu Xiaoming and Yang Keng, was published by Beijing Normal University Press in 2014. Among them, >Contemporary Philosophy Classics – Marxist Philosophy Volume<, edited by Prof. Yang Keng, Prof. Wu Xiaoming and Prof. Yang Haifeng, is divided into two volumes, which mainly selects the classical texts of the main schools of contemporary Marxism abroad. The first volume contains a selection of important works by Lukács, Korsch, Gramsci, Horkheimer, Adorno, Wolpe, Sartre, Kosik, Schmitt, Fromm, Schaff, Thompson, Marcuse and Althusser. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Qiuxian T1 - 從弗洛姆《愛的藝術The Art of Loving》析論《三國演義》的親情書寫 – 以蜀漢後主為中心 [From Fromm's >The Art of Loving<, an Analysis of the Affectionate Writing of >The Romance of the Three Kingdoms<, with the Latter Lord of Shu Han as the Center] JF - 問學 [Asking about Learning (Kaohsiung City: National Kaohsiung Normal University Chinese Literature)], Vol. 19 (2015), pp. 113-129. N2 - 弗洛姆(Erich Fromm)愛的理論中認為,愛包括一些元素:照顧、責任、尊重及瞭解,其中母親與小孩的關係最密切,她代表著溫暖和安全的狀態,兒童從胚胎起便與母親相互依戀著,縱使日後脫離母體向世界探索,也是相當緊密的。值得注意的是,父親之愛與母愛最大的差別在於,母親是無條件的,而父愛是有條件的。《三國演義》對於劉禪親情的書寫,從三十四回出生到四十一回趙子龍單騎救主、四十二回摔阿斗、六十一回截江奪阿斗、甚至到後來八十五回的託孤事件、及後主登基之後劉禪與諸葛亮的關係等,在在都是於親情的軌跡上書寫。是故,本文欲從現代西方心裡學家弗洛姆(Erich Fromm)《愛的藝術 The Art of Loving》中對於親情剖析的觀點析論《三國演義》中劉禪為中心的敘述,期以重新理解作者在情節段落中的安排和更貼近真實人心的心理狀態,重要的是期盼能梳理出後主人格缺陷部分始是造成蜀國敗亡的真正原因,再從弗洛姆的父親之愛、母親之愛再推而影響人類成年後的父性良知和母性良知,以釐清日後造就出後主如此懦弱無能的主因,竟和童年的親情脈絡有著密不可分的關係。 N2 - According to Erich Fromm's theory of love, love consists of a number of elements: care, responsibility, respect and understanding, of which the mother has the closest relationship with the child, representing a state of warmth and security. It is important to note that the greatest difference between father's love and mother's love is that mother's love is unconditional, while father's love is conditional. In the >Romance of the Three Kingdoms<, Liu Chan's love for his father is written from his birth in the 34th chapter to his rescue by Zhao Zilong in the 41st chapter, the fall of Ah Dou in the 42nd chapter, the seizure of Ah Dou from the river in the 61st chapter, and even the trusting of the orphan in the 85th chapter, and the relationship between Liu Chan and Zhuge Liang after the latter's accession to the throne, all of which are written on the trajectory of love. Therefore, this paper would like to analyze the narrative of Liu Zen in Romance of the Three Kingdoms from the viewpoint of the modern Western psychologist Erich Fromm's >The Art of Loving<, in order to understand anew the author's arrangement of the love passages and the psychological state of the real human heart, and, importantly, to sort out the flawed part of the later lord's personality as the real cause of the defeat of Shu. It is important to clarify that the main reason for the defeat of the Later Master was the inseparable relationship between his childhood affection and the weakness of the Later Master. [DeepLcom/Translator, free version, 11/2022] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Huang, Zhicheng T1 - A Brief Discussion of Du Fu's Humanity, Personality, and Poetry [浅谈论杜甫的人性、人格与诗歌创作] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Young Writers [青年文学家], No. 8 (2015), pp. 79, 110. N2 - 杜甫对于人性的关注——寻找乱世中的生命精神。弗洛姆认为,爱的特征表现为关怀、知识、尊重和责任,如果一个人具有创造性的爱的能力,那么自身也是他所关爱的对象。如果他仅仅爱别人,为别人奉献一切,那他根本没有爱的能力。的确,杜甫在爱国、爱民、爱君、爱社稷的背后,是对于自我个体的密切关注。他从自我出发,以亲身所感、亲眼所看来体会这个社会,在对自我生命生活关注和珍惜的基础上,来观照整个大唐社会和社稷民生。 N2 - Du Fu's concern for humanity – the spirit of searching for life in a troubled world. According to Fromm, love is characterized by care, knowledge, respect and responsibility, and if a person has the ability to love creatively, then he himself is also the object of his care. If he only loves others and gives everything for them, he has no capacity to love at all. Indeed, behind Du Fu's love for his country, his people, his ruler, and his community, he is intimately concerned with the individual self. He starts from himself and experiences the society with his own feelings and eyes, and looks at the whole Tang society and the livelihood of the people on the basis of his concern and cherishing of his own life. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translator, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fang, Zheng T1 - From Pursuit to Escape – Thinking of Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< [从追求到逃避——读弗洛姆《逃避自由》有感] JF - Business Story [商业故事], No. 13 (2015), p. 129. N2 - 那么自由是什么?为什么我们在不断追寻它?弗洛姆的《逃避自由》从一个独特的视角,向我们揭示了一个个体从渴望自由、追求自由,到害怕自由直至逃避自由的一个过程,深入剖析了自由的实质意义。本文将在阅读该书的基础上,对本书进行详细梳理,力求还原本书基本内容及其背后的思想,尽可能的阐明弗洛姆关于自由的观点及思想。 N2 - So what is freedom? Why are we in constant pursuit of it? From a unique perspective, Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< reveals the process of an individual's desire for freedom, pursuit of freedom, fear of freedom and escape from freedom, and deeply analyzes the essence of freedom. In this paper, on the basis of reading the book, we will try to restore the basic content of the book and the ideas behind it, and clarify Fromm's views and thoughts on freedom as much as possible. [Translation: www.DeepL/Translation, free version, 6/2023] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhong, Fangna T1 - The Theoretical Analysis of Chinese Netizens Social Character in the Context of the >Common Scene Prison< [>共景监狱<场域中网民>社会性格<辨析] JF - Journal of the Postgraduate of Zhongnan University of Economics and Law [中南财经政法大学研究生学报], No. 2 (2015), pp. 108-114. N2 - 法国哲学家米歇尔•福柯认为,>全景监狱<是信息社会的社会控制机器,社会管理者通过信息不对称的方式来实现低成本、高效率的社会治理。然而,随着传播技术的日新月异和媒介形态的层出不穷,信息资源分配方式的不断变革催生了以>围观<结构为主要特征的新型社会结构——>共景监狱<,它是众人对个体展开的集体>凝视和控制<。在互联网时代,网民是>共景监狱<场域中规范化监视的主体,他们在数量增长、信息消费、议程设置三大层面展现了自身>凝视与控制<社会的力量。本文基于>共景监狱<的场域特征,结合弗洛姆>社会性格<的相关理论,发现网民的>话语实践<在网络匿名机制的作用下既得到了极大释放,又增加了非理性的因素。因此在>话语实践<过程中,网民往往呈现出非理性狂欢、情绪燃点低、自我意识弱等社会性格的基本特征。 N2 - French philosopher Michel Foucault believes that >panoramic prison< is the social control machine of the information society, and social managers realize low-cost and high-efficiency social governance through information asymmetry. However, with the rapid development of communication technology and the emergence of media forms, the constant change of the way information resources are distributed has spawned a new social structure with the >onlookers< structure as the main feature - >Common Prison<, which is developed by everyone. Collective >gaze and control.< In the Internet age, netizens are the main body of standardized surveillance in the >Common Prison< field. They show their power of >gaze and control< in the three levels of quantity growth, information consumption and agenda setting. Based on the field characteristics of >Common Prison< and the related theories of Fromm's >social character<, this paper finds that the >discourse practice< of netizens has been greatly released under the role of network anonymity mechanism, and it has increased irrationality. factor. Therefore, in the process of >discourse practice<, netizens tend to present the basic characteristics of social character such as irrational carnival, low emotional ignition, and weak self-awareness. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wu, Dandan T1 - Research of Iris Murdoch’s Novel >The Black Prince< from the Perspective of Psychoanalysis [精神分析学视野下的默多克小说《黑王子》研究], Master thesis, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 艾丽丝•默多克(Iris Murdoch,1919-1999)是当代英国著名的小说家、哲学家。她的作品具有极强的故事性以及深刻的道德哲学思想。在她的二十六部小说中,创作于20世纪70年代的《黑王子》是较为重要的一部,其独特的叙事结构和深邃隐晦的哲理得到了学者的广泛探讨。本文在借鉴前人研究成果的基础上,运用精神分析理论分析作品中人物间的施虐与受虐特征及其心理根源,以及人物之间施虐与受虐关系的转换,探讨默多克本人的道德哲学思想。本论文共分为五部分:第一章绪论部分叙述了国内外对默多克创作及其《黑王子》这部小说的研究现状,梳理了施虐与受虐理论在心理学上的发展脉络,陈述了与本文相关的埃利希•弗洛姆、西蒙•弗洛伊德、阿尔弗雷德•阿德勒的理论观点,最后对小说人物关系作了简要概括。第二章从施虐者入手,分析小说两个主要人物阿诺尔德与其好友布拉德利的施虐表现和根源,指出阿诺尔德是行为的施虐者,其在施虐心理和支配欲望的作用下对妻子长期施以家庭暴力,而布拉德利则是言语的施虐者,因逃避和自卑心理冷漠对待他人。第三章从受虐者角度出发,通过分析蕾切尔、普丽西娜和弗朗西斯三个人的不同的受虐表现和根源,指出前两者因内在的软弱性以及缺乏自我独立意识,导致她们在面对残酷的施虐时,一个默默忍受,一个走向了毁灭,而身为同性恋的弗朗西斯成为了受虐倒错者,企图在受虐的享受中寻找自我的存在感和安全感。第四章讨论小说中人物的施虐与受虐角色的转换,布拉德利因对朱莉安的自私的爱而沦为了受虐者,蕾切尔因不堪忍受丈夫的暴力和背叛而杀死了丈夫阿诺尔德,从原先的受虐者转变成了施虐者。最后一章结语部分总结上文,指出默多克笔下人与人,尤其是两性之间的相处困境,通过对小说结局的分析得出结论,真诚的爱才是走出人际交往困境的重要途径。 N2 - Iris Murdoch (1919–1999) is a well-known contemporary English woman writer and philosopher, whose writing has strong narrative and profound moral philosophy meanings. >The Black Prince< written in the 1970s is very important among her twenty-six novels. It has been widely discussed by a lot of scholars on its unique narrative structure and deep philosophic spirit. This thesis will analyze the sadism and masochism relationship, its transformation and reason between different characters with psychoanalytic theory on the basis of previous researches, hoping to explore the moral philosophy of Iris Murdoch. This thesis consists of five parts. The first part summarizes previous researches of Iris Murdoch and >The Black Prince<, combs the development process of sadism and masochism theory in psychology, states the theory of Erich Fromm, Simon Freud, Alfred Adler related to my research, and at last briefly summarizes relationship between characters of the novel. The second part concentrates on the sadists. Through the analysis of Arnold and Bradley’s sadistic manifestation and reason, I think that Arnold is a sadist of behavior, his sadistic psychology causes family violence to his wife, and Bradley is a verbal sadist, he treats others indifferently because of his avoidance and inferiority.– The third part explains the masochists who are Rachel, Priscilla and Francis. As women, Rachel and Priscilla’s inherent weakness and the lack of consciousness of independence cause their suffering and Priscilla’s death when facing cruel torture. As a homosexual, Francis becomes masochism inversion and he tries to find the existence and security feelings from the enjoyment of masochism.– The fourth part focuses on the characters’ identity transformation in this novel. Bradley becomes a masochist because of his selfish love to Julian, and Rachel becomes a sadist under the unbearable violence and betray at the end of the novel.– The last part summarizes the above analysis, points out the communication dilemma between people, and make a conclusion that sincere love is an important way out of interpersonal distress. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ni, Nan T1 - Estrangement, Division, Distortion, Madness – On Mrs. Carmody’s Social Character in >The Mist< from Fromm’s Alienation Theory [疏离•分裂•扭曲•疯癫——以弗洛姆异化理论看《迷雾惊魂》中卡莫迪太太社会性格的异化] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Social Science of Harbin Normal University [哈尔滨师范大学社会科学学报], No. 4 (2015), pp. 130-133. N2 - 《迷雾惊魂》是被誉为>现代恐怖小说大师<的斯蒂芬•金最受人欢迎的中篇小说之一。文章从弗洛姆异化理论的社会性格角度出发,分析卡莫迪太太的社会性格与环境爆发矛盾的心理动因,对其从疏离一步步走向分裂、扭曲乃至疯癫的异化表现以及发展予以阐释和解读,以此来关注当代人的异化生存境遇和心理状况。 N2 - >The Mist< is one of Stephen King’s most popular horror novellas, who is called a >Great Master of Modern Horror Fiction<. Based on Fromm’s alienation theory, the paper aims to analyze the mental causes for the conflicts between Mrs. Carmody’s social character and the circumstances. It records her forms of alienation from estrangement, division, distortion to madness, so as to provide some revelation for the alienated living circumstances and spiritual state of modern people. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lai, Xiaojia T1 - Analysis of Fromm's Thought on Sound Society – About Fromm's >The Sane Society< [探析弗洛姆健全社会思想—读弗洛姆《健全的社会》] JF - New Exploration of Ideological and Political Education Theory [思想政治理论教育新探索], No. 00 (2015), pp. 72-80. N2 - 第二次世界大战后,在科学技术的推动下生产迅猛发展,西方社会进入一个经济相对快速、平稳发展的时期。然而在发达的西方社会,优越的物质生活并不能使人感到幸福,人们的心理、精神领域以及社会的许多方面都遭遇着危机。弗洛姆对资本主义的这些新变化有独到的见解,并提出构建一个健全的社会的思想。 N2 - [After the Second World War, the rapid development of production under the impetus of science and technology, the Western society entered a period of relatively rapid and stable economic development. However, in developed Western society, superior material life does not make people feel happy, and people's psychological, spiritual and social aspects are experiencing crisis. Fromm has unique insights into these new changes in capitalism and proposes the idea of building a sound society.] [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jiang, Li T1 - Alienation in William Somerset Maugham’s Short Stories [威廉•萨默塞特•毛姆短篇小说中的异化], Master thesis, English Language and Literature Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 本文主要运用了埃里希•弗洛姆对马克思劳动异化的阐述和发展形成的异化理论,分析了毛姆短篇小说中三种异化形态,为其短篇小说的研究提供了一个较为新颖的角度。本文从三个方面重点分析毛姆的十个短篇小说文本:《雨》和《教堂堂守》体现了宗教的伪善和对人性的压迫,说明人类创造的上帝反而成为主宰人的力量,使的人与上帝的关系产生了异化;人际关系的异化表现在三个方面,其中《午餐》表现了对异化的绅士风度的盲目推崇让人与人之间的交往变得肤浅而虚伪,《马金托什》体现了殖民制度下的共生关系充满矛盾冲突,而毛姆多个关于爱情和婚姻的短篇,例如《红毛》、《被毁掉的人》、《策略婚姻》、《灵机一动》和《上校夫人》等则反映出当代西方社会爱情和婚姻的功利性;《蒙德拉哥勋爵》和《池》体现了人与自身的异化与外在环境的关系,表明无论是在资本主义蓬勃发展的西方还是在处于殖民统治下的原始东方,种族歧视以及金钱和权力至上的观念无孔不入,人被种种欲望所驱使,泯灭了其自然天性,对自由的追寻、对精神家园的向往最终化为泡影,只能以死亡来逃避完全异化的命运。本文最后得出结论,毛姆对异化的深刻体验在其短篇小说中有着充分体现,冷峻客观的笔调之下是对人类生存困境的深切关注,他对恶人的同情更是体现了他对人性的歌颂和对异化社会的叛逆。 N2 - This thesis mainly applies Erich Fromm’s ideas of alienation, which formed by his elaboration and development of Marx’s alienation of labor, to analyze three forms of alienation, including man’s alienation from God, alienation of interpersonal relationship and man’s self-alienation, in Maugham’s short stories, which offers a comparatively new perspective for the study of those stories. This thesis focuses on ten of Maugham’s short stories in three aspects: >Rain< and >The Verger< reflected the hypocrisy of religion and its oppression over humanity, that is, the God created by man became a power dominating man in turn, resulting in man’s alienation from God; alienation of interpersonal relationship was manifested in three aspects, among which >The Luncheon< reflected the blind advocating of alienated gentlemanliness led to shallow and hypocritical interpersonal communication, >Mackintosh< reflected symbiotic relationship under colonial administration was full of conflict, and Maugham’s plenty of stories about love and marriage, such as >Red<, >Flotsam and Jetsam<, >A Marriage of Convenience<, >The Creative Impulse<, and >The Colonel’s Lady<, reflected the utilitarian of love and marriage in contemporary western society; >Lord Mountdrago< and >The Pool< reflected the relationship between man’s alienation from himself and external environment, indicating whether in the western society of flourishing capitalism or in the primitive east under colonial rule, racial discrimination and money and power worship were all-pervasive, thus, man, driven by all sorts of desires, lost his nature, and his pursuit of freedom ended in failure and the wish for a spiritual home were disillusioned, therefore only by death could he get rid of alienation. This thesis concludes that Maugham’s profound sense of alienation has a sufficient manifestation in his short stories. Under the guise of unfeeling and objective tone there is his deep concern for man’s existential predicament and his sympathy with the evil further reveals his eulogy of humanity and rebellion against the alienated society. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hu, Miaomiao T1 - Fromm's Moral Education Thought and Its Enlightenment to China's Moral Education [弗洛姆道德教育思想及其对我国道德教育的启示] N2 - 弗洛姆思想体系形成于资本主义社会动荡时期,对异化社会的批判和健全社会的重建,构成了其理论体系的破和立,而其具有现代生命力的道德教育观,也给我国正处于转型时期的社会思想道德教育带来了些许的启示。 N2 - Fromm's ideology is formed in the turbulent period of capitalist society. The criticism of the alienated society and the reconstruction of a sound society constitute the breaking and standing of its theoretical system, and its moral education concept with modern vitality is also It has brought some enlightenment to the social ideological and moral education in China during the transition period. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Hao, Sun T1 - On Catherine’s Self-alienation in >Wuthering Heights< [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - The 2015 International Conference on Arts, Design and Contemporary Education (ICADCE 2015), April 22, 2015, Moscow, Russia, in 2015 International Conference on Arts, Design and Contemporary Education (ICADCE 2015) Part A. N2 - The thesis attempts to sort out and analyze Catherine’s self-alienation process based on Marx’s and Fromm’s self-alienation theory, and reveal the essence of life. Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Xin T1 - A Call for Sane Personality – The Psychoanalysis of Virginia Woolf's >Years< [对健全人格的呼唤 - 弗吉尼亚•伍尔夫《岁月》的社会心理学解读], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 弗吉尼亚•伍尔夫是20世纪英国最杰出的现代主义作家之一。作为1937年美国畅销书,《岁月》是她集中反映英国社会生活的一部小说。它颠覆作家以往意识流小说的创作手法,将>事实<与>想象<相结合,以家庭成员对话和人物内心独白折射社会现实,是作家创作的新尝试,然而评论家对此却褒贬不一本论文将运用人本主义精神分析学家埃里希•弗洛姆的社会心理学揭露《岁月》中西方资本主义社会经济制度下人格异化现象以及消极的社会性格,从而挖掘作家伍尔夫对现代人人格发展的担忧,及她对健全人格的呼唤。《岁月》的章节由十一个不同年份组成。据此,作者分析了小说中英国从十九世纪八十年代到二十世纪三十年代的社会背景和社会变化,同时结合弗洛姆对十九、二十世纪资本主义社会的比较型诊断,说明资本主义社会在物质文明进步的同时所产生的精神倒退,揭露以市场为中心的社会经济体制阻碍人格发展的事实与进程。伍尔夫的对比手法则反映出由此产生的人、自然和社会关系不和谐现象。在此基础上,作者运用弗洛姆的>异化<概念剖析人物自我感缺失及人与同胞疏离的异化现象,从而揭露小说中无助与压抑、冷漠与伪善的消极社会性格。重塑健全人格至关重要。主人公通过培养自我感和创造性逐渐实现反异化的自我救赎,通过爱与交流缓解人与人之间的疏离。而小说中人物对大自然的热爱,自然成为人类心灵的庇护,则有力证明了人类亲近自然促进健全人格的发展。所以,作家伍尔夫在《岁月》中呼唤健全的人格。因为在现代社会市场主导一切的经济体制下,异化现象已相当普遍。异化对健全社会和健全人格都有损害与阻碍作用。重塑健全人格对现代人已迫在眉睫。 N2 - Virginia Woolf is one of the most distinguished British modernist writers in the twentieth century. >The Years<, as the 1937 bestseller in the United States, is her novel that focuses on the British social life. Its writing techniques differ from her previous stream-of-consciousness novels. Woolf combined >facts< and >vision<, mirroring the social reality through dialogues and interior monologues of the Pargiter family members. It is an innovation of Woolf’s creation, but critics have not yet reached an agreement on it. Based on the humanistic psychoanalyst Erich Fromm’s socio-psychology, the thesis is an exposure of the phenomenon of alienated personality and negative social characters under Western capitalist social and economic system. It explores Woolf’s concern with the personality development of modern people and her call for sane personality. The Years cover eleven different years. Accordingly, the author of the present study analyzes social backgrounds and changes of Britain from 1880s to 1930s with Fromm’s comparative diagnosis of the nineteenth and twentieth century. It suggests the spiritual retrogression of capitalist society despite the material civilization and uncovers how social and economic system of market-orientation hindered the personality development. Woolf’s technique of contrast is to expose the disharmonious relationship between human, nature and society caused by capitalist system. Fromm’s concept of >alienation< is used to analyze the alienation phenomenon including protagonists’ lack of a sense of self and estrangement between people. Negative social characters, such as powerlessness and repression, indifference and insincerity are exposed. The restoration of sane humanity is of vital importance. Protagonists realize self-salvation against alienation through cultivation of a sense of self and productiveness, and they relieve estrangement between them by love and communication. Their love for nature and nature as a shelter for human soul suggested that intimacy between human and nature is able to promote the development of the sane personality. Therefore, Woolf’s call for sane personality in The Years can be recognized. Since alienation is widespread in modern society under the economic system of market-orientation, it is impairment and hindrance to a sane society, as well as a sane personality. It is vital and urgent to restore a sane personality for modern people.] [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Yuanyuan T1 - Western Marxist Class Theory and Its Contemporary Value [西方马克思主义阶级理论及其当代价值], Doctoral dissertation, Foreign Marxism Research, Central Party School, Communist Party of China 2015. N2 - 阶级问题是贯穿于西方马克思主义思潮中的重要命题。西方马克思主义阶级理论,不是马克思主义理论的绝对对立物,而是从马克思主义框架中>延异<出来的。西方马克思主义阶级理论,就是对不同历史条件下,资本主义国家阶级阶层状况的总体的分析与判断。在理论上,西方马克思主义阶级理论立足于西方社会阶级阶层状况,反思了阶级变化对整个社会的影响;在实践上,西方马克思主义阶级理论,提出了针对阶级问题的构想与策略;在内容上,西方马克思主义阶级理论,研究了工人阶级及其阶级意识、阶级结构与阶级关系的变化、阶级的生存状况等问题。马克思主义理论、西方哲学文化传统和西方社会分层理论,是西方马克思主义阶级理论的主要思想来源。资本主义社会的历史状况,是西方马克思主义阶级理论的现实基础。西方马克思主义阶级理论,在不同的历史发展阶段呈现出不同的理论形态。在阶级理论的形成期,即20世纪20年代至50年代初,西方马克思主义者研究的主题是工人阶级的阶级意识。早期西方马克思主义者卢卡奇等人认为,西欧无产阶级革命失败的原因在于,无产阶级没有形成自己的阶级意识,在于资本主义对其社会成员的意识形态控制。他们对阶级意识的革命动力作用寄予了深厚的期望,认为阶级意识决定无产阶级革命的历史命运。早期的法兰克福学派,将总结西欧无产阶级革命失败的教训、批判法西斯主义作为主要任务。霍克海默、阿多诺和弗洛姆认为,工人阶级及其组织正在被资本主义制度所包围,工人阶级逐渐丧失了革命和批判意识。因此,唤醒无产阶级的革命热情和批判意识,就成为他们的首要任务。在阶级理论的发展期,即20世纪50年代至70年代初,西方马克思主义者重点关注资本主义阶级结构的变化,并积极探寻变革社会的新的阶级主体。这一时期的法兰克福学派的代表马尔库塞认为,传统的工人阶级无法抵制资本主义强大的力量,已经被融合进资本主义制度中,社会中只有少数的人没有被融合。结构主义者普兰查斯,将资本主义社会中新产生的阶级称为>新小资产阶级<,认为他们在社会结构中处于中间位置。马勒和高兹,将社会中产生的新阶级称为>新工人阶级<,认为他们是变革社会的新兴力量。进入20世纪70年代以来,西方马克思主义者对阶级问题的研究,随着时代条件的转换而调整了关注的主题。由于社会分层更加精细化和多元化,他们重点研究构成阶级的个体。分析学派的马克思主义者从微观的视角研究阶级。这一时期的法兰克福学派,主张通过主体间的交往缓和阶级冲突。生态学马克思主义者通过关切工人阶级的生存境遇,试图探寻一条阶级解放的文明之路。后马克思主义的代表们,试图通过建构多元的、激进的民主来实现政治认同。西方马克思主义阶级理论具有重要的理论价值和现实价值。从理论上来说,西方马克思主义阶级理论,无论是对马克思主义阶级理论,还是对西方马克思主义的发展,或者是对中国阶级阶层研究,都有重要的价值。首先,它证明了马克思主义阶级理论的当代适用性、拓展了马克思主义阶级理论的研究视角、揭示了马克思主义的人本价值意蕴。其次,它为人们从整体上认识西方马克思主义提供了视角、彰显了西方马克思主义的生机与活力、推动了西方马克思主义的传播与发展。再次,它为中国阶级阶层研究提供了思想资源。从实践上说,西方马克思主义阶级理论,为宏观把握世界社会主义运动的发展历程、为客观认识资本主义社会的阶级阶层状况、为正确处理中国社会阶级阶层关系提供了启示 N2 - The question of class is an important topic that runs through Western Marxism thought. The class theory of Western Marxism is not the absolute antithesis of Marxist theory, but an >extension< of it from the Marxist framework. The Western Marxist class theory is the overall analysis and judgment of the class situation in the capitalist countries under different historical conditions. In theory, the western Marxist class theory is based on the class situation in western society, reflecting on the impact of class changes on the whole society; in practice, the western Marxist class theory, put forward the concept and strategy for class problems; in content, the western Marxist class theory, the study of the working class and its class consciousness, class structure and the changes in class relations, the survival of the class and other issues. Marxist theory, Western philosophical and cultural traditions and Western social stratification theory are the main sources of the class theory of Western Marxism. The historical situation of capitalist society is the realistic basis of the class theory of Western Marxism. The class theory of Western Marxism presents different theoretical forms at different stages of historical development. In the formative period of class theory, that is, from the 1920s to the early 1950s, Western Marxists studied the class consciousness of the working class. The early Western Marxists, such as Lukács’s, believed that the failure of the proletarian revolution in Western Europe was due to the failure of the proletariat to form its own class consciousness and to the ideological control of capitalism over the members of its society. They placed deep expectations on the role of class consciousness as the driving force of the revolution, and believed that class consciousness would determine the historical fate of the proletarian revolution. The early Frankfurt School made it its main task to sum up the lessons of the failed proletarian revolutions in Western Europe and to criticize fascism. Horkheimer, Adorno and Fromm believed that the working class and its organizations were being surrounded by the capitalist system, and that the working class was gradually losing its revolutionary and critical consciousness. Therefore, awakening the revolutionary enthusiasm and critical consciousness of the proletariat became their primary task. During the period of development of class theory, i.e. from the 1950s to the early 1970s, the Western Marxists focused on the changes of the capitalist class structure and actively searched for a new class subject to change society. Marcuse, a representative of the Frankfurt School during this period, argued that the traditional working class was unable to resist the powerful forces of capitalism and had been integrated into the capitalist system, leaving only a small minority of society unintegrated. The structuralist Poulantzas, who called the new classes in capitalist society the >new petty bourgeoisie<, believed that they were in the middle of the social structure. Mallet and Gortz, referring to the new classes that emerged in society as the >new working class<, saw them as the emerging force for social change. Since the 1970s, the study of class issues by Western Marxists has adjusted its focus to the changing conditions of the times. As social stratification has become more refined and pluralistic, they have focused on the individuals who constitute class. The Marxists of the Analytical School studied class from a microscopic perspective. The Frankfurt School of this period argued for a lessening of class conflict through inter-subjective interaction. The ecological Marxists tried to find a civilizational path to class emancipation through concern for the living conditions of the working class. The representatives of post-Marxism tried to achieve political identity by constructing a pluralistic and radical democracy. The Western Marxist theory of class has important theoretical and practical values. From a theoretical point of view, the Western Marxist class theory is of great value, whether for the Marxist class theory, the development of Western Marxism, or the study of Chinese class strata. Firstly, it proves the contemporary applicability of Marxist class theory, expands the research perspective of Marxist class theory, and reveals the humanistic value implication of Marxism. Secondly, it provides a perspective for people to understand Western Marxism as a whole, highlights the vitality and vigor of Western Marxism, and promotes the spread and development of Western Marxism. Thirdly, it has provided intellectual resources for the study of the Chinese class. In practice, Western Marxist class theory has provided inspiration for macroscopically grasping the course of development of the world socialist movement, for objectively understanding the class situation in capitalist society, and for correctly handling class relations in Chinese society. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhou, Chongyang T1 - Predicament and Salvation in Paul Auster’s >The Brooklyn Follies< [保罗•奥斯特《布鲁克林荒唐事》中的困境与救赎], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 保罗•奥斯特(1947-)被誉为美国当代最杰出的作家之一。到目前为止,他出版了十九部小说,五部传记,四部电影剧本和一部评论集。这些作品为他赢得了很多奖项,如2006年的阿斯图里亚斯王子文学奖。奥斯特的众多作品体现了他对现代人生存状态和精神状态的深刻关怀,《布鲁克林的荒唐事》(2005)就是其中具代表性的一部。在这部小说中,奥斯特带着充满希望的积极态度,生动地描绘出一些疲惫不堪的纽约人如何在和谐的布鲁克林社区中走出他们的精神困境。近年来,奥斯特的很多小说被译成中文,他在中国读者中的影响也日益扩大,但是他的作品尚未引起我国文学评论界的足够重视。到目前为止,有关奥斯特作品的学术论文还为数不多。而且,学者们的注意力大多集中在奥斯特的部分作品,如《纽约三部曲》(1987),对其他的作品,如《布鲁克林的荒唐事》则关注度不够。通过分析小说中人物的精神困境及救赎,本论文旨在填补对这部小说研究的空缺,同时推动国内的奥斯特研究。论文主要关注小说中的三个人物,分别是退休、离婚的内森,他消极的侄子汤姆及他叛逆的侄女奥罗拉。小说中这三个人物经历了相似的人生历程。面对精神困境,他们都采取了逃避机制,却加深了他们的困境。最终他们通过一些积极的行动获得了重生。借助创伤理论、弗洛姆的人本主义思想以及积极心理学的一些概念,论文试图分析三个人物的精神困境,他们的逃避机制以及他们最终的精神救赎。除引言和结论外,论文共由三章组成。引言部分除对作者奥斯特的生平和文学生涯做简单的介绍之外,也简要地介绍小说的主要故事情节,然后详细介绍这部小说的国内外研究现状,论文的理论框架,以及借助创伤理论、弗洛姆的人本主义思想和积极心理学研究这部小说的意义。第一章详细分析三个人物的精神困境。他们在家庭中和社会上都经历了一些创伤性事件。内森在他不幸的婚姻中挣扎,经历了妹妹的去世,同时,作为一名保险销售员,他深受客户创伤经验的影响。汤姆经历的创伤事件包括父母的离婚,母亲的去世,求职的失败以及他所经历的暴力犯罪。奥罗拉的创伤来自父母的离婚和一段在色情电影拍摄片场被轮奸的可怕经历。除了这些创伤经历,他们还承受着异化的影响。在以对金钱的无休止追求为特征的不健全社会中,他们被转变为>物<或者商品。因此,他们与自我异化,也与其他人异化。在创伤经历和异化的人际关系影响下,三个人物经常感到无助、孤独和不安。第二章主要探索人物的逃避机制和他们选择逃避的原因。内森和汤姆选择>机械趋同<的逃避机制以获得心理安慰和安全感。他们没有积极地去追求自己最初的梦想,也没有主动与其他人建立好的人际关系,相反,他们选择与外界的期望保持一致,过着机器人式的生活。内森埋葬了自己的文学梦想,成为一名销售员,过着一种例行公事的生活。汤姆没有动力去追求他做教师的原计划,转而接受哈里的建议,做了他的助理。因为他们都失去了个性,随着时间推移,他们的困境被恶化。奥罗拉选择>受虐冲动<的逃避机制。为了得到大卫的爱,她屈服于他。但是,因为牺牲了自己的独立性,她逐渐被困入新的束缚中。这三个人物选择逃避的倾向受一些外部原因的影响,同时也受他们自身>非生产性性格<的影响。第三章分析人物的救赎。小说结尾,在和谐的布鲁克林社区,这三个人物都通过他们的积极行动逐渐摆脱了精神困境。这些积极行动主要包括成熟的爱和>创造性活动<。通过对爱的能力的培养,他们学会肯定自己的潜力,还逐渐与他人建立起良好关系。除了成熟的爱,他们最终的精神救赎还得益于创造性活动。在弗洛姆看来,创造性活动最基本的要求是要积极主动。通过人际关系领域中的积极参与以及他们自身非异化的劳动,他们最终得以过上有意义的生活,获得满足感和真正的快乐。基于以上分析和讨论,结论部分指出,三个人物的重生是对很多经历着精神危机的现代人的一个鼓励,体现了奥斯特对现代人精神状态的深切关怀以及他对人们未来充满希望的态度。结合创伤理论、弗洛姆的人本主义思想以及积极心理学,论文试图为奥斯特研究提供新视角,增添新内容,同时也有一些现实意义,即提醒陷在精神困境中的人们,开启新生活的唯一方式是通过积极的行动而不是诉诸逃避机制。 N2 - Paul Auster (1947-) is now acclaimed as one of the most celebrated contemporary writers in America. Up till now, he has published nineteen novels, five memoirs, four screen plays as well as a collection of critical essays, which bring him numerous awards such as the 2006 Prince of Asturias Award for Literature. In many of his works, Auster expresses his deep concern for the living status and the spiritual state of modern people. Among these works, >The Brooklyn Follies< (2005) is a typical representative. With a hopeful attitude, Auster, in this novel, offers a vivid vision of how some debilitated New Yorkers get out of their spiritual predicaments in the harmonious Brooklyn community. Although recent years witness Auster’s reputation on the rise in China and many of his novels have been translated into Chinese, there is not much academic concern accompanying his popularity. Up till now, only a few academic researches based on Auster and his works have been published. Moreover, scholars mainly focus on some of his works such as the New York Trilogy (1987), while few of them pay attention to The Brooklyn Follies. By analyzing the spiritual predicaments and the final salvation of the characters, this thesis aims to fill in the gap and promote the popularity and studies of Auster’s works at home. This thesis mainly focuses on three characters: the retired, divorced old man Nathan, Nathan’s depressed nephew Tom and his rebellious niece Aurora. The three characters experience similar life journeys. In face of their spiritual predicaments, they resort to escape mechanisms which only worsen their predicaments. Finally, through some positive actions, they gain rebirth. With the help of trauma theory, Fromm’s humanistic thoughts and positive psychology, this thesis attempts to analyze the spiritual predicaments of the three characters, their escape mechanisms and their final salvation. Besides the Introduction and Conclusion, this thesis is divided into three chapters. The Introduction presents a sketch of Auster’s life experiences, his literary career as well as the main storyline of the novel. Then in detail a literature review of this novel at home and abroad is presented. In addition, the theoretical framework and the significance of interpreting the novel from the perspective of trauma theory, Fromm’s humanistic thoughts and positive psychology are also elaborated in this part. Chapter One provides a detailed analysis of the spiritual dilemmas of the three characters. They experience some traumatic events at home and in society. Nathan struggles in his unfortunate marriage, endures the loss of his sister, and as an insurance man, he is a victim of the traumatic experiences of his clients. Tom is traumatized by the divorce of his parents, the death of his mother, the failure of finding a satisfactory job as well as a violent crime he experiences. Aurora’s trauma results from the divorce of her parents and an awful experience of being gang-raped on the set of a pornographic film. Apart from these traumatic experiences, the three also endure alienation. In the insane modern society characterized by the endless pursuit of money, they are transformed into things or commodities, and thus they are alienated from themselves and from others. Due to the influence of the traumatic events and the alienated relationships, the three often experience helplessness, loneliness and insecurity. Chapter Two explores the escape mechanisms of the three characters and probes into the causes of their choices. In order to gain some comfort and the sense of security, Tom and Nathan choose the escape mechanism of >automaton conformity<. Instead of positively pursuing their own original dreams and actively establishing good relationships with others, they conform to the expectations of the outside world and live like automatons. Nathan buries his literary dream and lives a routine life as a salesman. Tom has no motivation to pursue his original plan of being a teacher, but chooses to accept Harry’s suggestion to be his assistant. Because they lose their individuality, their dilemmas are worsened with time going by. Aurora chooses the escape mechanism of >masochistic strivings<. She submits herself to David in order to gain protection and love. However, because she sacrifices her independence, gradually she is caught in new bondage. Their tendencies to escape are affected by some external factors as well as their >nonproductive character<. The third chapter analyzes the final salvation of the three characters. At the end of the story, in the harmonious community of Brooklyn, the three characters gradually get rid of their spiritual dilemmas through their positive actions: mature love and >productive activities<. With the cultivation of their capacity to love, they learn to affirm their own potentialities and also gradually establish good relationships with others. Apart from mature love, their final salvation also benefits from their productive activities, the fundamental requirement of which, according to Fromm, is to be active. Through active participation in the realms of human relations and their non-alienated labor, the three finally have opportunities to live meaningful lives and gain satisfaction and genuine happiness. Based on the above discussion and analysis, the conclusion points out that the rebirth of the three characters serves as an encouragement to many modern men who have been undergoing spiritual crisis. It embodies Auster’s profound solicitude for the spiritual state of modern man and his hopeful attitude towards the future of modern people. The interpretation of the novel with the help of trauma theory, Fromm’s humanistic thoughts and positive psychology attempts to contribute a new angle and some new contents to the researches on Auster’s works, and it also possesses certain practical meanings, which is to remind those who are trapped in their spiritual dilemmas that the only way to start a new life is to take positive actions instead of resorting to escape mechanisms.] [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Xin T1 - A Call for Sane Personality – The Psychoanalysis of Virginia Woolf's >Years< [对健全人格的呼唤 - 弗吉尼亚•伍尔夫《岁月》的社会心理学解读], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 弗吉尼亚•伍尔夫是20世纪英国最杰出的现代主义作家之一。作为1937年美国畅销书,《岁月》是她集中反映英国社会生活的一部小说。它颠覆作家以往意识流小说的创作手法,将>事实<与>想象<相结合,以家庭成员对话和人物内心独白折射社会现实,是作家创作的新尝试,然而评论家对此却褒贬不一本论文将运用人本主义精神分析学家埃里希•弗洛姆的社会心理学揭露《岁月》中西方资本主义社会经济制度下人格异化现象以及消极的社会性格,从而挖掘作家伍尔夫对现代人人格发展的担忧,及她对健全人格的呼唤。《岁月》的章节由十一个不同年份组成。据此,作者分析了小说中英国从十九世纪八十年代到二十世纪三十年代的社会背景和社会变化,同时结合弗洛姆对十九、二十世纪资本主义社会的比较型诊断,说明资本主义社会在物质文明进步的同时所产生的精神倒退,揭露以市场为中心的社会经济体制阻碍人格发展的事实与进程。伍尔夫的对比手法则反映出由此产生的人、自然和社会关系不和谐现象。在此基础上,作者运用弗洛姆的>异化<概念剖析人物自我感缺失及人与同胞疏离的异化现象,从而揭露小说中无助与压抑、冷漠与伪善的消极社会性格。重塑健全人格至关重要。主人公通过培养自我感和创造性逐渐实现反异化的自我救赎,通过爱与交流缓解人与人之间的疏离。而小说中人物对大自然的热爱,自然成为人类心灵的庇护,则有力证明了人类亲近自然促进健全人格的发展。所以,作家伍尔夫在《岁月》中呼唤健全的人格。因为在现代社会市场主导一切的经济体制下,异化现象已相当普遍。异化对健全社会和健全人格都有损害与阻碍作用。重塑健全人格对现代人已迫在眉睫。 N2 - Virginia Woolf is one of the most distinguished British modernist writers in the twentieth century. >The Years<, as the 1937 bestseller in the United States, is her novel that focuses on the British social life. Its writing techniques differ from her previous stream-of-consciousness novels. Woolf combined >facts< and >vision<, mirroring the social reality through dialogues and interior monologues of the Pargiter family members. It is an innovation of Woolf’s creation, but critics have not yet reached an agreement on it. Based on the humanistic psychoanalyst Erich Fromm’s socio-psychology, the thesis is an exposure of the phenomenon of alienated personality and negative social characters under Western capitalist social and economic system. It explores Woolf’s concern with the personality development of modern people and her call for sane personality. The Years cover eleven different years. Accordingly, the author of the present study analyzes social backgrounds and changes of Britain from 1880s to 1930s with Fromm’s comparative diagnosis of the nineteenth and twentieth century. It suggests the spiritual retrogression of capitalist society despite the material civilization and uncovers how social and economic system of market-orientation hindered the personality development. Woolf’s technique of contrast is to expose the disharmonious relationship between human, nature and society caused by capitalist system. Fromm’s concept of >alienation< is used to analyze the alienation phenomenon including protagonists’ lack of a sense of self and estrangement between people. Negative social characters, such as powerlessness and repression, indifference and insincerity are exposed. The restoration of sane humanity is of vital importance. Protagonists realize self-salvation against alienation through cultivation of a sense of self and productiveness, and they relieve estrangement between them by love and communication. Their love for nature and nature as a shelter for human soul suggested that intimacy between human and nature is able to promote the development of the sane personality. Therefore, Woolf’s call for sane personality in The Years can be recognized. Since alienation is widespread in modern society under the economic system of market-orientation, it is impairment and hindrance to a sane society, as well as a sane personality. It is vital and urgent to restore a sane personality for modern people.] [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Lu T1 - Research on the Madman Image in Jin Yong’s Novel [论金庸小说中的疯癫形象 ], Master thesis, Chinese Modern and Contemporary Literature, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 当代著名武侠小说家金庸,在1955年到1972年创作了15部武侠小说,他的每一部武侠小说在华人世界中都深受欢迎,其作品之所以如此受读者喜爱,很大程度上在于作品中塑造的众多栩栩如生,脍炙人口,令人印象深刻的人物形象。在金庸小说中不仅有潇洒俊逸的英雄形象和为非作歹的坏人形象,还有众多个性鲜明、诙谐幽默、内涵丰富的疯癫形象,这些疯癫形象在金庸小说中占有独特的地位,他们的文学史价值丝毫不逊于金庸小说中英雄和坏人形象的价值。本文以金庸在小说中塑造的疯癫形象为研究对象,结合疯癫人物的生存环境及过往经历,运用弗洛伊德、弗洛姆、阿德勒等人的心理学理论,以及相关社会学理论分析人物疯癫的原因,从而对金庸武侠小说进行深入探讨,在给予金庸武侠小说恰当评价的基础上,分析出金庸笔下疯癫形象的文学史地位和独特的文学史价值,进而挖掘出金庸在创作这些人物形象时复杂的内心世界。本论文包括绪论、正文、结语三部分。绪论部分简要介绍了本文的研究缘起和金庸小说疯癫形象的研究现状。正文分为三章:第一章,介绍了>疯癫<一词的传统意义和它在各个学科中的学理意义,进而总结出本文所说的>疯癫<一词的意义。通过对古往今来在文学史上出现的有代表意义的疯癫形象进行追溯和分析,去探究金庸小说疯癫形象对此前疯癫形象的继承与发展,总结出金庸小说疯癫形象和俗文学及雅文学中疯癫形象的不同之处,在此基础上阐述本文选择金庸小说疯癫形象作为研究对象的原因。第二章,根据人物疯癫成因把金庸小说中的疯癫形象分为因爱情失意而疯癫、因沉迷复仇而疯癫、因痴迷权名利而疯癫以及无法探究原因的疯癫四类,通过对这四类疯癫形象疯癫的原因进行分析,看到了金庸笔下疯癫人物的可怜可恨之处,看到了疯癫人物的身不由己,看到了疯癫人物隐秘的内心世界,从而展示了通俗小说家金庸对人性深处的深入探究和对人物内心的深刻挖掘。第三章,借各方学者对金庸小说的评价准确定位金庸小说在文学史上的地位,通过对金庸小说中的疯癫形象与其他人物形象进行比较,总结出疯癫形象在金庸小说中的独特地位。最后在对金庸小说疯癫形象进行全面总结的基础上指出疯癫形象在审美、认识、娱乐方面的文学史价值。结语部分总结全文,重申疯癫形象在金庸小说中的独特性和重要性,指出金庸小说在文学史中的地位和价值。 N2 - Contemporary famous martial-arts novelist Jin Yong wrote fifteen novels about swordsmen from 1955 to 1972, his every martial arts novel is very familiar with Chinese, his work is so popular with readers largely due to many lifelike image and impressive figures. In Jin Yong’s novel there is not only elegance and handsome heroic image and evil and bad image, but also madman image with distinct personality, witty humor and rich connotation, the madman image occupies unique place in Jin Yong’s novels, its value is no worse than the value of the image of heroes and villains. This paper takes the madman image in Jin Yong’s novel as research object, combines with the madman’s living environment and life experience, use Freud’s, Fromm’s and Adler’s psychological theory, and the club is related to theory, the author analyzes the reasons why people become mad to explore Jin Yong’s martial arts novels. Based on proper evaluation to Jin Yong’s martial arts novels, the author analyzes the position and value of the madman image and unearthed Jin Yong’s complicated inner world in the process of creation. This thesis includes introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction part briefly introduces the research origin and current research status of madman image. The text is divided into three chapters: in the first chapter, the paper introduces traditional meaning of madness and its theoretical significance in various disciplines, and summarizes the meaning of >madness< Through analyzing and tracing the representative madman image in literature history, the author is to explore succession and development of the previous madman image, sum up the differences between madman image in Jin Yong’s novel and that in literature and elegant literature, and then expound the reason why to choose madman image from Jin Yong’s novels as the research object.– The second chapter, according to the mad reasons, madman image is divided into four kinds, mad for frustrated love, for revenge, for ambition and fame, for unknown cause. Through analyzing the reasons of four kinds of madness, the madman’s pity and disgust and their helplessness can be seen in the paper, and then Jin Yong’s talent of exploring human nature further and taping one’s inner world is shown.– The third chapter, through the scholars pinpoint to the evaluation of Jin Yong’s novels in the history of literature status, the madman image in Jin Yong’s novels is comprised to other characters, it sums up the unique position of the madman image in Jin Yong’s novel. Finally it points out the madman image’s the aesthetic value, cognitive value and entertainment value in literature history on the basis of the comprehensive summary of the madman image.– In conclusion part, the author reiterates uniqueness and importance of the madman image in Jin Yong’s novels and points out the status and value of Jin Yong’s novels in the history of literature. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yan, Xiaoming T1 - A Study on Alienation in >White Noise< by Don DeLillo [唐•德里罗《白噪音》中的异化研究], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - DeLillo)被认为是20世纪美国当代最杰出的小说家之一,总是被冠以>后现代派小说家<的头衔。自此书发表以来,虽然许多文学评论家都对这本书钟爱有加,但是从异化理论出发的研究为数不多。本文根据西方马克思异化理论以及当代马尔库塞和弗洛姆的异化理论,分别从消费,科技,环境,精神,家庭关系五个方面找出《白噪音》中的异化现象,分析由异化引发的后现代人们在日常生活,人类社会和自然环境中所面临的种种危机,并根据弗洛姆的理论提出了解决异化所带来问题的方案,即回归情感并树立理性的观念来消除异化,以期对当代个人、社会、自然的发展有借鉴意义。本文包括引言和结论共分六部分。第一章引言,分为三部分介绍,第一部分简要介绍了作家德里罗生平,主要作品及相关成就。第二部分为国内外对《白噪音》的相关论述研究及选作这篇论文的理论研究意义。第三部分为这篇论文的结构框架。第二章异化理论,共分为三部分,第一部分介绍异化,第二部分介绍了马克思异化理论的起源与发展,第三部分介绍继马克思之后当代异化理论的发展以及马尔库塞和弗洛姆的理论,从而为本论文的分析研究奠定了理论基础。第三章分别介绍了《白噪音》中几种不同的异化现象,分别是消费异化,科技异化,精神异化,关系异化,自然异化。第四章探讨了小说中异化所映出来的严重后果,主要分为对个人产生的危机,对社会和环境产生的危机两个大方面,具体体现在信任危机,身份危机,对死亡的恐惧,大众媒体的泛滥,环境的污染,表演性暴力,以及人们使用科技时的犹豫。第五章讨论如何走出异化的方案:第一,通过回归人心中的爱,去拯救个人,帮助个体摆脱个人危机;第二,通过建立正确的个人和社会价值导向,让人们有正确的观念特别是理性消费观,理性的环境观念,理性的生产观念,参与到全社会共同应对异化危机的活动中来。第六章结论总结本研究的主要观点。本文根据异化理论,让人们认识到异化现象的普遍存在和异化所带来的一切问题和危机,给出人们走出异化的方法和建议,促进人、社会、自然的可持续发展。 N2 - Don DeLillo (1936-) is considered as one of the most prominent novelists in the twentieth century of America and has always been dubbed as the >postmodern novelist< title. >White Noise< was published in 1985, which is known as the most representative work of American postmodern literature, and wins the National Book Award in the USA. Since the publication of White Noise, a number of scholars and experts began to interpret this novel from different perspectives, but few analyze it from the alienation view. Based on the alienation theories of Marx, Marcuse and Fromm, five alienation phenomena can be found in White Noise, which show that the alienation is common in our life, society and in nature. The alienation phenomena is so common that they push us to analyze the consequences and crises that haunt post-modern and contemporary people, and our society, which includes several aspects, including the trust crisis, the identity crisis, the fear of death, the spread of the mass media,the environment pollution, the violence for performance purpose, and the hesitance for technology. Last but not the least, we propose the solution. Two ways to solve the alienation crises that are discussed in the thesis, establishing the correct value and getting back to love-with the hope that those two solutions could be helpful for the healthy development of humans, society and nature. This thesis consists of 6 chapters. Chapter One is introduction which is divided into 3 parts: first, it introduces Don DeLillo and White Noise; second, it is about the Literature Review on White Noise and the significance of studies; third, the organization of the thesis.– Chapter Two is the theoretical foundations including 3 parts: first is the introduction to alienation; second part is Marx’s alienation theory; the third part is the introduction to modern alienation theories.– Chapter Three is the alienation phenomena in White Noise including consumption alienation, technology alienation, the mental alienation, and the nature alienation.– Chapter Four is the consequences of alienation inducing: first, the crises of humans which consist of the relation crisis, the trust crisis, the identity crisis; second, the social and natural crises which consist of the side effects of mass media, the environment pollution, the violence for performance purpose and the hesitance for technology.– Chapter Five is about the solutions to alienation including: first, returning back to love which includes friends’ love, parental love, affectionate love and self love; second, establishing a rational guidance to value which is made up of developing a rational lifestyle by consumption and leading green and ecological ways of living and producing.– Chapter Six is the conclusion which summarizes the main points of the thesis. Based on the alienation theories, we analyze the alienation phenomena and consequences of alienation, and propose solutions to make a little contribution to the healthy development of humans, society and nature.] [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xu, Mei T1 - >True-self< in Return under the >None-self< Circumstances – A Study on the Subject of Misery in Coleen McCullough's Novels [>非我<境遇下的>真我<返归 – 考琳•麦卡洛小说中的苦难主题研究], Doctoral dissertation, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, Hubei, China 2013 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 考琳•麦卡洛(Colleen McCullough,1937.6-2015.1)曾被誉为>澳大利亚活着的国宝<,是澳大利亚当代最具影响力的作家之一。从其对个人创伤性成长经历的感悟及其作品表达的共同主题来看,考琳•麦卡洛是一位悲苦意识浓重的作家。灰暗的童年、窘迫的经济状况、作为女性被边缘化的处境、澳大利亚的民族苦难、二次世界大战和冷战的阴影等,都让考琳•麦卡洛在小说创作过程中无法忽视对苦难的关注。她作品中的人物普遍面临各种困境,备受>非我<之痛。由于考琳•麦卡洛对苦难的书写整合了个体家庭创伤、社会文化创伤和民族创伤,因此,其作品中的苦难具有一定的代表性,对考琳•麦卡洛小说中的苦难主题进行研究,具有较高的思想价值和较强的现实意义。论文采用文本细读和理论阐释相结合的方法,使用创伤理论、艾里希•弗洛姆关于爱和自我寻求的理论、拉康的镜像论、福柯关于凝视的论述、悲剧净化说等,对考琳•麦卡洛小说中的苦难主题进行多角度、全方位的研究,发掘考琳•麦卡洛的小说对苦难书写所具有的社会学价值和艺术审美价值。论文分为绪论、正文、结语三个模块。绪论部分主要对考琳•麦卡洛其人、其作和对其作品的研究现状进行了概述,阐明了论文的选题依据、研究方法、研究内容和主要创新点等。正文部分由第2至第7章组成,按照>经历苦难<、>呈现苦难<、>追问苦难<、>直面苦难<、>超越苦难<、>审视苦难<的顺序,采用层层递进的方式,分析了考琳•麦卡洛的创伤性体验与苦难书写的关系及其苦难意识的特点,剖析了考琳•麦卡洛小说中的>非我<境遇及>非我<之痛,探讨了考琳•麦卡洛对苦难根源进行的追问及其价值,探析了考琳•麦卡洛对苦难中的拯救问题的思考及现实意义,审视了考琳•麦卡洛作品中呈现出的>真我返归<理想及其中蕴含的人文情怀,挖掘了考琳•麦卡洛小说关于苦难书写的审美价值。结语部分对论文整体写作情况进行总结,阐明了论文写作的创新点和意义所在,指出了论文写作存在的不足和有待提升的空间。 N2 - Colleen McCullough (1937.6-2015.1), praised as >the living national treasure of Australia<, is one of the most influential writers in contemporary Australia. Colleen McCullough is a writer with misery consciousness, which can be seen from her individual apperception on growing up with traumatic experience and the common theme in her novels. All these such as gloomy childhood, distress of economy, marginalized position as a woman, national suffering of Australia, the shadow of two world wars and the cold war make it impossible for Colleen McCullough to ignore the sufferings in the process of her novel creation. The characters in her novels generally face various difficulties, and bear the pain of >none-self<. Colleen McCullough takes an integration of the individual family trauma, social culture trauma and national trauma in her suffering writing, therefore the suffering of her novels has certain representativeness. Study on the suffering theme of her novels has high ideological value and strong practical significance. Adopting the method of combination of text close reading and theoretical explanation, and adopting the theory of trauma, Erich Fromm’s theory about love and self seeking, Lacan’s theory of mirror phase, Foucault’s discussion about gaze, and the doctrine of tragedy purification, the thesis has studied the suffering theme of Colleen McCullough’s novels with a full range of research on multi angles. Sociology value and aesthetic value of art about the suffering writing in Colleen McCullough’s novels has been explored. The thesis is divided into three modules of introduction, body and conclusion. The introduction mainly summarizes Colleen McCullough herself, her novels and the research status of her novels, and illuminates selected topic basis of the paper, research methods, research contents and main innovation points, etc. The body part is composed of chapter 2 to 7 in the order of >undergoing suffering<, >presenting suffering<, >questioning suffering<, >facing suffering<, >surmounting suffering<, >surveying suffering<. With the method of progressive transformation, the relationship between Colleen McCullough’s traumatic experience and suffering writing and the characteristics of the suffering consciousness has been analyzed, and >none-self< situation and >none-self< pain of Colleen McCullough’s novels has been dissected, and >non-self<, and Colleen McCullough’s mining of suffering root and her uniqueness has been discussed, and Colleen McCullough’s thinking about the questions of suffering saving and its practical significance has been explored, and ideality of >true-self in return< presenting in Colleen McCullough’s novels and its humanistic feelings has been surveyed, and the aesthetic value of suffering writing in Colleen McCullough’s novels has been excavated. The conclusion summarizes the overall situation of the thesis, illustrates the innovation points and significance, and points out the deficiencies in thesis writing and the space for improvement.] [Author's translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Caiyan T1 - The Way to A Sane Society – An Interpretation of Chopin's Humanistic Concern [走向健全的社会 - 肖邦的人文关怀阐释], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 凯特•肖邦是美国文学史上最受争议的作家之一。由于她的代表作《觉醒》(1899)和小说《过错》(1890),人们认为肖邦是女性主义作家,而她的短篇小说又使她成为极具>地方色彩<的作家。肖邦的短篇小说大多收集在《牛轭胡的人们》(1894)和《在阿卡迪的一夜》(1897)这两本小说集里。这些故事大多以路易斯安那州的纳基托什教区为背景,重现了卡津人和克里奥尔人的生活方式,并从多方面描写了十九世纪的美国社会。本文从女性主义视角分析了肖邦小说对传统社会伦理的颠覆及其对女性境遇的思考,并用弗洛姆的>健全社会<理论探讨了肖邦构建和谐社会的构想。肖邦在她的小说中对十九世纪人的生存境遇进行了多方面的思考。她认为,在当时社会存在着许多问题,比如性别歧视、种族歧视、抚养子女问题、养老问题等等,这些社会问题在一定程度上造成了人的>异化<。凯特肖邦将这些>异化<问题的原因主要归结为爱的缺失以及不良文化的影响。因此,她的救济之方便是通过倡导爱来消除异化,通过>创造性倾向<以构建和谐社会。本文试图用女性主义和弗洛姆的>健全社会<理论从以上方面分析凯特肖邦的作品,以期提供解读肖邦作品的一个新视角。肖邦对十九世纪女性的境遇给与了很多关注。本论文通过分析一些女性角色,如《觉醒》中的艾德娜和阿黛尔展示社会对女性的异化;在《德西雷的婴孩》中作者阐释了黑人和白人的异化,并指出他们都是种族歧视的受害者。在《过错》和《萨宾人》中肖邦也展示了不同信仰者之间出现的异化现象。同时,肖邦还分析了导致异化的原因,即:经济的发展、传统文化的影响和爱的缺失。在揭露这些异化的同时,肖邦的作品还对和谐社会的构建进行了思考。在《觉醒》、《牛轭湖的那边》和《阿西比阿德的归来》中传达出肖邦通过爱来消除异化的思想。在《爱森内斯》、《如梦初醒》、《爱在布迪厄》和《遗产》中,肖邦表达了通过创造一种新的人际关系以达到夫妻和谐、父母与子女和谐以及种族和谐的希望。文章最后得出结论:肖邦的作品不仅表达了她对人的异化问题较为深入的思考,而且也表达了她对于构建健全社会的愿望和探索。 N2 - Kate Chopin, one of the most controversial writers in American literature, was regarded as a feminist writer because of her masterpiece >The Awakening< (1899) and her novel >At Fault< (1890). Her short stories also made her become an important writer of local color fiction and most of her short stories were collected in >Bayou Folk< (1894) and >A Night in Acadie< (1897). Setting in the Natchitoches parish of Louisiana, Chopin reproduces the lifestyles of Cajuns and Creoles. There are many wonderful stories in her collections, which depict the American society in the nineteenth century from many aspects. From the feminist perspective, the thesis analyzes Chopin’s subversion to the traditional society and her concern for women’s living conditions. Fromm’s theory provides the basic standpoint for the exploration of Chopin’s constructive expectations to a harmonious society. In her works, Chopin believes that there are many problems in the society, such as gender bias, racial discrimination, children-rearing and the pension issue, which cause people’s alienation. Chopin thinks that the alienation between people is caused by the development of economics, the influence of traditional culture and the absence of love. Therefore, Chopin advocates to eliminate alienation through love and to create a harmonious relationship through productive orientation. Under the guidance of feminism and Fromm’s thoughts in The Sane Society, this paper analyzes Chopin’s works from the aspects mentioned above and gives the readers a new perspective to understand them. Chopin cares much about the women’s condition in the 19th century. The thesis analyzes the characters of Edna and Adele in her novel The Awakening to show woman’s alienation in her times. In >Desiree’s Baby< Chopin illustrates that both of the black and the white are alienated and they are the victims of racial discrimination. Chopin also expresses the alienation among different religious believers in At Fault and her short stories >In Sabine<. In Chopin’s opinion, the reasons why people are alienated are the influence of economic development, conventional culture and the absence of love. Chopin’s works also illustrate her desire for a harmonious society. In The Awakening, >Beyond the Bayou< and >The Return of Alcibiade<, she hopes to eliminate alienation through love. Besides, through creating a new relationship between husband and wife in >Athenaise<, getting a harmonious relationship in >A Rude Awakening< and >Dead Men’s Shoes< and creating a harmonious relationship between different religious believers in >Love on the Bon-Dieu<, Chopin advocates to eliminate alienation through productive orientation. This paper concludes that Chopin’s works not only show her comprehensively thought to the alienation but also express her exploration to construct a harmonious society. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Quin, Boyao T1 - The Status and Role of Feuerbach Philosophy in Marx’s Thought Forming Process [费尔巴哈哲学在马克思思想形成过程中的地位与作用], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2015. N2 - 在德国古典理性哲学一统天下的时期,费尔巴哈率先举起了感性的大旗,费尔巴哈的哲学思想对当时的整个德国理论界都产生了极其重大的影响,马克思身处这样的时代背景之下,不可避免地会受到费尔巴哈哲学思想的影响。也正是在这一点上,学界达成了一种共识,在研究早期马克思新世界观的形成发展时无论如何也避不开费尔巴哈。今天我们若想深入地研究分析马克思哲学的革命性变革和当代意义,费尔巴哈就再一次成为我们研究关注的焦点。本文以费尔巴哈与马克思的关系为切入点,跟随思想史的进程考察费尔巴哈在马克思思想形成过程中的具体影响,并分析造成这种影响的原因,中肯地评估费尔巴哈哲学的历史贡献,澄清学术界关于马克思与费尔巴哈关系的误解,并在此基础上揭示费尔巴哈哲学的根本限度,深入全面的剖析马克思对费尔巴哈的内在超越,从而彰显马克思哲学革命的当代意义。这一主题思想通过以下几部分内容得以开展:第一章,介绍分析学术界关于费尔巴哈与马克思思想关系的几种观点。主要包括费尔巴哈阶段论、无关论及中间环节论。深入分析费尔巴哈阶段论的两种模式:一是以费尔巴哈为唯物主义立场导向来阐释马克思哲学,将马克思新世界观哲学基础追溯到费尔巴哈哲学,即一般唯物主义。二是以费尔巴哈人本主义为立场导向来阐释马克思哲学。但是依据人本主义化的程度和范围不同,在这里又存在两种倾向:一是以弗洛姆等人为代表将马克思哲学全部人本主义化,二是以阿尔都塞为代表将青年马克思哲学人本主义化,或者说把马克思哲学部分人本主义化。与费尔巴哈阶段论相反,费尔巴哈无关论认为在马克思新世界观创立时期,费尔巴哈对马克思的影响作用微乎其微,甚至可以忽略。中间环节论者认为在马克思新世界观的形成和发展过程中,费尔巴哈的唯物主义思想或人本主义思想起到了中间环节的作用。通过解析目前学术界研究现状,文章揭示了以上几种观点的理论实质,说明了重新解读费尔巴哈哲学、马克思哲学以及二者之间关系的必要性。第二章,本文分别以青年马克思和费尔巴哈两人的思想发展脉络为线索,以此分析费尔巴哈对青年马克思产生影响的可能性,进而揭示费尔巴哈哲学在马克思哲学视域中真正出场的必然性。并从费尔巴哈哲学特定的术语范畴和方法论范畴两个层面,深入分析费尔巴哈哲学对马克思新世界观形成时期的影响。尽管费尔巴哈在批判抽象思辨理性的斗争中作出了巨大贡献,他的>现实的人<这一哲学立场对马克思产生了巨大影响,但是在马克思新世界观形成发展过程中并不存在一个纯粹的费尔巴哈阶段。因为二者对这一哲学基点的把握有着本初不同的理解。第三章,本文从二者关于>感性对象性原则<的不同思维反思方式出发,研究分析二者最初的理论差别。随着>直观<与>活动<这种本源性的差别不断深化,马克思对黑格尔辩证法的批判作出了重新估量,并对费尔巴哈宗教异化问题进行了升华。从二人最初的理论差别及其扩展,到马克思思想实现对费尔巴哈理论限度的实质性突破,从最初的怀疑不满到全面的批判与清算,直至成熟形态的新世界观的形成,马克思对费尔巴哈的批判经历了一个复杂渐进的发展过程。通过对费尔巴哈哲学的全面批判清算,在原则性高度上对实践纲领的明确提出,马克思实现了对一切旧哲学的超越。结论,深入剖析费尔巴哈从批判抽象思辨开始却最终复归于形而上学的原因,揭示马克思哲学思想的革命性超越与恒久性价值。费尔巴哈由于其哲学根本性限度致使他最终还是未能摆脱抽象理性命运的束缚,而马克思哲学之所以被称之为革命性变革就在于他消除了自我意识的内在性,瓦解了由自我意识发展建立起来的>我思<这一基本建制,从而在存在论根基处摧毁了全部形而上学。 N2 - In the classical German philosophy unified rational period, Feuerbach first raised the banner of sensibility, Feuerbach’s philosophy has a great effect on the whole theorists in Germany, Marx was under the cultural background of the provisions of this era, will inevitably be affected by the influence of Feuerbach’s philosophy. Based on the relationship between Feuerbach and Marx as the breakthrough point, follow the history of thought of Feuerbach formed the specific impact of the process in the course of Marx thought, and analyzes the causes of the influence of the historical contribution of Feuerbach philosophy, to clarify the academic assessment, in Marx and Feuerbach’s misunderstanding between, and on this basis to reveal the fundamental limits the philosophy of Feuerbach, Marx, Feuerbach thoroughly on the Inherent Transcendence, which highlight the contemporary significance of Marx’s philosophical revolution. This theme has been carried out by the following parts: The first chapter, introduction of several academic point of view on the analysis of the relationship between Feuerbach and Marx. Mainly include the independent and the intermediate links, Feuerbach stage theory. Analysis of two kinds of mode of Feuerbach stage theory: one is the Feuerbach materialism oriented to explain the philosophy of Marx, the new world outlook philosophy foundation dates back to Feuerbach’s philosophy, namely the general materialism. The one to Feuerbach’s humanism oriented to explain Marx’s philosophy standpoint. But according to the degree and range of humanism, here there are two tendencies: first is represented by Fromm and others to Marx the whole philosophy of humanism, the two is represented by Althusser, the young Marx ’Philosophical Humanism, or that Marx’s philosophy of humanism. Contrary to Feuerbach’s stage theory, Feuerbach theory in Marx’s new world view creation period, very little of Feuerbach’s influence on Marx, even could be neglected. The intermediate links of the formation and development process of Marx in the new world outlook, Feuerbach’s materialism and humanism plays an intermediate role. Through the analysis of the current research status, this paper reveals the essence of the theory above point of view, the understanding of the objective needs of the relationship between Feuerbach philosophy, Marx philosophy as well as the second. The second chapter, this paper respectively from different angle of view of young Marx and Feuerbach two people, through the analysis of the influence of Feuerbach on the possibility of the young Marx, in order to reveal the inevitability of Feuerbach’s philosophy in the perspective of the real appearance of the philosophy of Marx. And on the second levels of category from the terminology and methods of Feuerbach philosophy in particular, in-depth analysis of the impact of Feuerbach philosophy on Marx’s new world view of the formation period. Although Feuerbach made a great contribution to the criticism of abstract speculative reason in the struggle, his real man this philosophical position has great influence on Marx, a pure Feuerbach stage does not exist but in Marx’s new world view in the process of ideological formation and development. Because of the different understanding of the original two of the philosophical basis of the master. The third chapter, from the reflection on the principles of perceptual objects of different thinking, research and analysis of two different initial theories. With the >intuitive< and >play< the origin of the difference of deepening, Marx criticized the dialectic of Hegel made to measure, and the Feuerbach religious alienation of sublimation and development. From the initial two theoretical differences and expand, to achieve substantial breakthroughs of Marx thought Feuerbach theory limit, from the initial suspicion of discontent to criticism and liquidation of comprehensive, until the mature form of the new view of the world, Marx’s critique of Feuerbach has experienced a complex evolutionary development process. Through a comprehensive critique of Feuerbach’s philosophy of liquidation, in the principle of practice platform height made it clear that Marx transcends all the old philosophy. Conclusion, in-depth analysis of Feuerbach but eventually returned to the metaphysical reason from the criticism of abstract thinking, the revolutionary and the permanent value of Marx’s philosophical thought. Because of the limit of Feuerbach philosophy which bound him eventually failed to get rid of the fate of the abstract and rational, and the philosophy of Marx is known as the revolutionary change lies in the fact that he eliminates the inherent sense of self, the collapse of the self consciousness development established the >I think< which is one of the basic system, resulting in the ontological foundation destroy all metaphysics.] [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Jing T1 - Study on Psychological Alienation Theory of Fromm [弗洛姆心理异化理论研究], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2015. N2 - 埃里希·弗洛姆是法兰克福学派的第一代久负盛名的代表人物之一。弗洛姆以其>心理异化<理论对现代人的>异化<状况进行了精辟透彻而又独具特色的精神分析学阐释,因而在哲学界产生了重大影响。为了能够从整体上深入理解和准确把握弗洛姆的>心理异化<理论,本文首先对弗洛姆的>心理异化<理论的理论基础进行必要的勘察和廓清,继而分析弗洛姆在对>异化<的独特理解以及心理异化产生的机制阐明>心理异化<与>逃避自由<之间的逻辑关联,进而论述了弗洛姆克服异化的理论探索,>心理异化<理论的合理性与局限性,并尝试挖掘弗洛姆的>心理异化<理论的当代价值。本文通过史论结合的方法阐明弗洛姆的>心理异化<理论产生的历史背景,采取横向和纵向对比的方法,对弗洛姆的>心理异化<理论与其他思想家对>异化<问题的看法和论断进行对照,勘察弗洛姆的>心理异化<理论的思想基础,凸显弗洛姆对现代人的>异化<现象进行批判的精神分析学特色,使弗洛姆从心理层面考察人的>异化<现象的重要理论维度得到应有的重视和阐发。弗洛姆的>心理异化<理论并不是在一部著作中完整呈现出来的,而是散布于他的众多具有不同侧重点的著作之中。本文在对弗洛姆主要著作进行认真研读的基础上,深入领会和廓清>心理异化<理论产生的理论基础,并对弗洛姆的>心理异化<理论的各个组成部分进行系统地、逻辑性地梳理,使其>心理异化<理论结构的原貌得以完整显现:弗洛姆的>心理异化<理论以对现代人的>异化<状况即>逃避自由<的批判为理论切入点;以对人的社会性格结构类型的深入分析为理论核心;以社会性格结构类型与人的生存方式的选择的重要关联为理论内容;以形成具有创造性或生产性的社会性格结构类型和确立起重生存的生存方式的>健全的人<及其所组成的>健全的社会<为理论旨归。虽然弗洛姆的>心理异化<理论过于侧重于心理分析而对产生异化现象的社会经济和政治原因缺少足够的重视,但弗洛姆从人本主义精神分析学的角度为现代人提供了克服>异化<的心理学之路。不仅如此,弗洛姆的>心理异化<理论的具体内容及其所开拓的理论视野对解决当代人的>异化<问题依然具有着重大的理论价值和借鉴意义。 N2 - Erich Fromm was one of the first and most renowned representatives of the Frankfurt School. With his theory of >psychological alienation< Fromm has made a significant impact on the philosophical community by providing an incisive, thorough and unique psychoanalytic interpretation of the >alienated< condition of modern man. In order to gain an in-depth understanding and an accurate grasp of Fromm's theory of >psychological alienation< as a whole, this paper will first survey and clarify the necessary theoretical foundations of Fromm's theory of psychological alienation, and then analyze Fromm's theoretical approach to psychological alienation. The unique understanding of >alienation< and the mechanisms by which psychological alienation arises illuminate the logical link between >psychological alienation< and >escape from freedom<, and then discusses Fromm's theory of overcoming alienation. This paper explores the rationality and limitations of the theory of >psychological alienation< and attempts to explore the contemporary value of Fromm's theory of psychological alienation< through a combination of historical and theoretical methods, and takes a horizontal and vertical comparison between Fromm's theory of >psychological alienation< and other thinkers' theories of >alienation< and >psychological alienation<. psychological alienation< and highlight the psychoanalytic features of Fromm's critique of the phenomenon of >alienation< in modern man. The important theoretical dimension of the phenomenon of >alienation< in the study of human beings at the level of the human being is given due attention and development. Fromm's theory of >psychological alienation< is not presented in a single book, but is scattered throughout his many books with different emphases. This article, based on a careful study of Fromm's main works, will provide an in-depth understanding and clarification of the theoretical basis for the emergence of the theory of psychological alienation, and will systematically and logically sort out the various components of Fromm's theory of >psychological alienation<, so that it can be used to The original structure of the theory of >psychological alienation< is revealed in its entirety: Fromm's theory of >psychological alienation< is based on the >alienation< of the modern human condition, i.e., his >escape from freedom<; theoretical entry point is the criticism of >escaping from freedom<; the core of the theory is the in-depth analysis of the type of social character structure of human beings; the important connection between the type of social character structure and the choice of the way of life of human beings is the theoretical content; the formation of creative or productive types of social character structure and the establishment of a >sound< way of life for survival. The >human being< and the >healthy society< of which he is a part is the aim of his theory. Although Fromm's theory of 'psychological alienation' focuses too much on psychoanalysis and not enough on the socio-economic and political causes of alienation, Fromm's humanistic psychoanalytic perspective offers modern man a way to overcome >alienation<. The path of psychology. Moreover, the specific content of Fromm's theory of >psychological alienation< and the theoretical perspectives it has opened up are still of great theoretical value and significance for solving the problem of >alienation< in contemporary man. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Du, Minlu T1 - Overview of Fromm’s Humanism 弗洛姆的人本主义概述 JF - Shanxi Youth Daily [山西青年报], No. 013 (23-08-2015). N2 - 弗洛姆将人作为自己研究的基础,对人性、人的性格结构、伦理学规范进行了独到的研究。透过洞察现代西方工业社会下人性的全面异化,提出人本主义伦理学,旨在建立健全的社会及健全的人,实现人的全面发展。这给我们在当前社会主义市场经济条件下对人与自身问题的思考、? N2 - Fromm regards human being as the foundation of his research, and has carried on the unique research to the human nature, the human character structure, the ethics standard. Through the insight into the alienation of human nature in the modern western industrial society, it puts forward the humanistic ethics, which aims to establish a sound society and a sound person and realize the all - round development of human beings. This gives us in the current socialist market economy under the conditions of people and their own thinking, […] [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cui, Jialong T1 - A Study of Fromm's Consumption Alienation Theory [弗洛姆的消费异化理论研究], Master thesis, Foreign Marxism Research, Qufu Normal University, Qufu and Rhizao, Chandong, China 2015. N2 - 弗洛姆认为,资本主义社会虽然创造了高度的文明,但它只是一个病态的社会。它造成了人性的极端异化,尤其在消费领域最为严重。从依附于人到独立于人,消费成为凌驾在人之上的控制力量。消费地位的演变不仅是人性异化的结果,也归因于资本主义生产方式和经济制度等社会因素。在消费异化的社会里,人们非但没有享受到物质文明带来的愉悦,反而遭受着巨大的精神痛苦。他们在异化的消费世界里失去了人性和尊严,失去了主动性和创造性,变成一台台消费的机器,只能体验虚假的幸福和自由,并且面临着潜在的生存危机和战争危机。弗洛姆对异化之人的遭遇寄予了深切同情和无限担忧,在批判异化现象的同时,也积极探索了扬弃消费异化的改革方案。他从弗洛伊德的精神分析学和马克思主义理论出发,以二者的结合为基础,创立了人道主义伦理学,希望通过人道主义消费观和生产性人格的建立来促成一个健全的社会。本文第一部分解释了消费异化的含义,阐明了消费异化是在人的关联需求缺失、宗教改革以及资本主义经济制度等诸多因素的共同作用下产生的;第二部分描述了消费异化给人带来的种种危害,如人性的毁灭、消费体验的缺失、生态危机、战争危机等,并探析了弗洛姆对于解决消费异化所提出的建立人道主义公有制社会、生产性人格等具体方案;第三部分总结了我国社会现有的消费异化现象,并分析了弗洛姆的消费异化理论对我国改善当前消费现状的启示。 N2 - Erich Fromm holds the view that although capitalist society creates a high level civilization, it is a sick society yet. It causes an extreme alienation of humanity, especially in consumption areas. From depending on people to be independent, consumption has become a control power that overriding people. This change is not only owing to humanity’s alienation, but ascribes social factors as capitalist mode of production and economic system etc. In the world of consumption alienation, people haven’t enjoyed pleasure of material civilization; instead they are suffering a huge mental distress. They lost their humanity and dignity, their initiative and creative, they turn into consumption machines that can only experience fake happiness and freedom, and are facing potential existent crisis, even war. Fromm expressed deep sympathy and worry to these people, at the same time, he explored reform programs to get rid of consumption alienation. Based on the combination of Freuds psychoanalysis and Marxist theory, Fromm established humanistic ethics, hoping through a humanitarian consump¬tion attitude and production humanity to promote a sane society. The first part of this paper explains the meaning of consumer alienation, and clarifies that consumer alienation is the result of a combination of factors such as the lack of associated needs, the Reformation and the capitalist economic system; the second part describes the dangers of consumer alienation, such as the destruction of human nature, the lack of consumer experience, the ecological crisis, the war crisis, etc., and analyzes Fromm's proposed solutions to consumer alienation. The third part summarizes the phenomenon of consumption alienation in our society and analyzes the implications of Fromm's theory of consumption alienation for improving the current consumption situation in China. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhu, Rui T1 - On the Contradictions of Human Nature in Yu Hua's Literary Work [论余华文学作品中的人性矛盾] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Business [商], No. 46 (2015), pp. 133, 120. N2 - 余华关注于文明遮挡下的原始人性,通过零度感情的笔触对暴力和死亡的描写,反映了生存的荒诞性和生命的坚韧,折射出人性的种种可能,本文通过弗洛姆的人性理论对余华作品中呈现的原生态人性进行分析梳理,以新的视角,由人性切入,对余华作品进行重新审视 ] N2 - Yu Hua focuses on the primitive humanity hidden by civilization. Through the zero-degree emotional brushstrokes, the description of violence and death reflects the absurdity of survival and the tenacity of life, and reflects the various possibilities of human nature. This article uses Fromm's theory of human nature to discuss Yu Hua. The original ecological human nature presented in the works is analyzed and combed, and Yu Hua’s works are re-examined from a new perspective and cut from human nature. [Automatic translation Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhou, Yu T1 - Mary: A Victim of Social Unconsciousness –Interpretation of >The Grass Is Singing< According to Fromm [玛丽:一个社会无意识的受害者——《野草在歌唱》的弗洛姆式解读] JF - Journal of Wenshan University [文山学院学报], No. 5 (2015), pp. 82-86. N2 - 多丽丝·莱辛所著的《野草在歌唱》一直是国内外文学评论家关注的焦点。从弗洛姆的心理学理论入手,重新审视文中玛丽的悲剧根源,并认为玛丽死于社会无意识所带来的社会压抑。最终得出一个结论,即社会无意识对于每一个社会成员的性格、命运及生活中的方方面面都发挥着重要的影响。 N2 - Doris Lessing's book >The Grass Is Singing< has been the focus of literary critics at home and abroad. Starting from Fromm's theory of psychology, re-examine the root cause of Mary's tragedy in the text, and think that Mary died of social depression brought by social unconsciousness. In the end, it is concluded that social unconsciousness plays an important role in the personality, destiny and every aspect of life of every member of society. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zheng, Kecai T1 - To Teach Means to Begin at >Reverence for Life< [教书自>敬畏生命<始] JF - Bulletin of Chinese Language Teaching [语文教学通讯], No. 31 (2015), p. 1. N2 - 如弗洛姆所言:>就个人而言,肉体的诞生之后,人的诞生过程仍在继续,人的整个一生不是别的而正是诞下自己的过程。<终其一生,人的生命都在更好地发展自己,完成自己。自从1998年以浙江省高校优秀毕业生的身份被分配进中学>教书<以来,为着>遇见更好的自己<,我从未停下>完成自己<的脚步。前段时间,有学生报考师范类院校,让我帮忙备考面试。>老师,你觉得当老师,到底什么好?<工作安稳、 N2 - As Fromm said: >Personally, after the birth of the flesh, the human birth process continues, not the other person's whole life and it gave birth to its own procedures<. Throughout his life, people's lives are better develop themselves, to complete their own. Since 1998 as outstanding graduates in Zhejiang colleges are allocated into school >teaching< since as a >meet better myself<, I never stopped >to complete their own< pace. Some time ago, student enrollment in teacher colleges, let me help pro forma interview. >Teacher, do you think as a teacher, in the end what good?< Jobs are safe (...). [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Yongxin T1 - The Freedom Dilemma of Contemporary College Students in View of Fromm’s Freedom Thinking [基于弗洛姆自由观的当代大学生自由困境解读] JF - Journal of Hunan Mass Media Vocational Technical College, No. 5 (2015), pp. 75-77. N2 - 弗洛姆的《逃避自由》从心理机制角度提出人的积极自由和消极自由。当代大部分大学生选择了逃避自由,过度沉迷于影像、网络和社团,偏激地否认社会现状。对此,高校德育工作者应以大学生思想行为为着力点,采取积极有效措施,引导大学生追求积极自由。 N2 - Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< raised people's positive freedom and negative freedom from the psychological point of view mechanism. Most students choose the contemporary social status >Escape from Freedom<, over indulging in video, networking and community, extreme denied. In this regard, the university moral education worker should be the focal point for the thinking and behavior of college students take positive and effective measures to actively guide students to pursue freedom. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Tao T1 - Research on Erich Fromm’s Theory of Aesthetics [弗洛姆美学思想研究], Master thesis, Literary Theory, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 埃里希•弗洛姆,美籍德裔犹太人,20世纪享有盛誉的人本主义精神分析学家、哲学家和社会学家。弗洛姆一生致力于人类解放的伟大事业,对人的生存境况和前途命运表现出深切的关怀,为实现人类的自由幸福描绘出美好的蓝图。本论文试从文艺美学的角度,对弗洛姆的美学思想展开深入地探讨与研究。以弗洛姆对人之生存问题的审美关怀为基础,以他关于人之生存困境的症候分析、生存危机的原因剖析以及对人之自由的审美救赎这三个论题的探讨为结构框架,对其美学思想进行分析梳理,进而做一深入的研究阐释。具体而言,首先,阐述弗洛姆美学思想的理论来源。弗洛姆的思想综合了弗洛伊德与马克思的学说,将对人的精神分析与社会文化研究相结合,从而形成了自己独特的理论体系。然后,论述弗洛姆美学思想的主要内容。弗洛姆看到了现代工业社会造成了人在生活各个领域的全面异化,人彻底丧失了生存的自由,面临着严峻的生存危机。在深入剖析造成这一危机的人性根源和社会现实原因的基础之上,他提出了一条审美的解救之途,即通过爱、宗教和艺术的审美力量,解决人之生存的两歧矛盾,打破社会禁锢人的幻想锁链,重建人与自我、人与他人以及人与社会的和谐关系,重获人之自由。最后,探讨弗洛姆美学思想的现实启示及局限性。弗洛姆的美学思想在当代仍具有积极的启示和借鉴作用,但同时,由于他过分推崇爱的作用以及宗教和艺术的革命功能,而忽略了现实的革命实践,因此,这一审美的救赎带有浓重的乌托邦色彩,在现实中难以付诸实践,注定只能是一种美好的愿望与企盼。 N2 - Erich Fromm, German-American Jew, the famous humanistic psychoanalyst, philosopher and so-ciologist in 20th century. Fromm devoted all his life to the great cause of human liberation, he showed a deep concern for human’s living conditions and their future destiny, and drew a beautiful blueprint for their free and happy life in the future. This paper will have a deeply research on Fromm’s aesthetics from the perspective of literary aesthetics. The research based on his aesthetic concern for the situation of human’s existence, as the framework of three theses: what’s the performance of people’s existential plight, what the reason of this difficult position is, and how to regain freedom from aesthetics.– Specifically, first expound the theoretical sources of Fromm’s aesthetics. Fromm’s idea combined the theory of Marx and Freud, connected the psychoanalysis with the social and cultural research. On this basis, he formed his own theoretical system.– The next, discuss the main content of Fromm’s aesthetics. Fromm saw the modern industrial society has made the alienation of people in all areas of life, people completely lost their freedom, facing a severe crisis of survival. On the basis of the in-depth analysis of the humanity and the social reasons of this crisis, he proposed an aesthetic salvation, that is, using the aesthetic power of love, religion and art, to solve the contradiction of human’s existence, to break the fantastic chains, and to rebuild the harmonious relationship between man and himself, man and other peoples, or man and the society.– Finally, explore the realistic enlightenment and the limitations of Fromm’s aesthetics. Fromm’s aesthetics still has a positive inspiration and reference today, but at the same time, because he exaggerated the function of love, religion and art, while ignoring the revolutionary practice, so this aesthetic redemption is difficult to put into practice in the real world, and is bound to be a beautiful wish which cannot be achieved. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Ling T1 - On Contemporary College Students' Happiness Education View Based Fromm Thought about Happiness [基于弗洛姆幸福思想视角谈当代大学生幸福观教育] JF - Teacher [教师], No. 35 (2015), p. 10. N2 - 随着全球化、一体化的推进,我国市场经济迅速发展,大学生作为一个特殊的群体,幸福观教育面临着诸多挑战。本文分析和总结了弗洛姆幸福思想的基本内涵,以期为我们今天探索当代大学生的幸福观教育提供理论和实践上的指引。 N2 - With globalization and integration forward, the rapid development of China's market economy, college students as a special group, the concept of happiness education is facing many challenges. This paper analyzes and summarizes the basic connotation Fromm happy thought, in order to provide theoretical and practical guidance for us to explore the contemporary college students view education happiness today. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Di T1 - Fromm’s Theory of Consumption Alienation and Its Contemporary Value [弗罗姆的消费异化理论及当代价值] JF - Science Economy Society [科学经济社会], No. 3 (2015), pp. 21-24. N2 - 弗罗姆在《健全的社会》一书中集中对资本主义社会消费异化现象进行了深刻的批判。他指出,现代资本主义是一个消费异化的社会,在异化消费中,人与物、人与人以及人与自身的关系都处在异化过程中。同时,弗罗姆的消费异化理论对我国树立健康的消费观和生态文明建设也具有重要的借鉴价值。 N2 - Fromm focus on consumption alienation phenomenon of capitalist society and criticize it profoundly in his book >The Sane Society<. He pointed out that modern capitalism is a society of consumption alienation, the relationship between people and things, people, or human and itself are all in the process of alienation. At the same time, Fromm’s Theory of Consumption Alienation also has an important value in establishing healthy consumption concept and building ecological civilization construction in China. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhan, Qing T1 - Inspiration from Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< Thinking of Transition Period of China – The Freedom Dilemma [自由困境的超越——弗洛姆《逃避自由》的思想对转型期中国的启示] JF - Business [商], No. 44 (2015), pp. 110-111. N2 - 弗洛姆结合了弗洛伊德的精神分析学与马克思的历史唯物主义,揭示了现代人在面对自由时的矛盾心态,即人们孜孜不倦的追寻自由,同时又反复无常的逃避自由。弗洛姆重新解读和定义了自由的内涵,剖析了逃避自由的根源与机制,指出人获得真正自由和全面发展的途径是爱与创造性的工作。我国正处于三期叠一的社会转型过程中,在高速变化的经济形势、亟待调整的社会结构和不断积累的社会矛盾之下,民众的心理广泛存在着弗洛姆逃避自由的现象与机制。辩证的看待弗洛姆的学说,对公共管理者进一步认识当代的社会心理,解决发展中的冲突矛盾,构建和谐稳定的发展环境具有重要意义。 N2 - Fromm combines Freud's psychoanalysis and Marxist historical materialism, reveals in the face of modern freedom ambivalence that people tireless pursuit of freedom, but also capricious escape from freedom. Fromm re-interpretation and definition of free content, analyzes the causes and mechanisms of escape from freedom, it points the way people get truly free and full development of love and creative work. China is in the >three stacked one< process of social transformation, under the rapidly changing economic situation, the urgent need to adjust the social structure and social conflicts continue to accumulate, people's psychological widespread phenomenon of Fromm's Escape from Freedom and mechanism. Dialectical view of Fromm's theory of public managers a better understanding of contemporary social psychology, to resolve conflicts in the development of a harmonious and stable environment for the development of great significance. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhan, Guli T1 - Development Difficulties and Psychological Analysis to the Cock Wire Youth [>屌丝青年<的发展困境与心理分析] JF - Journal of Hubei Correspondence University [湖北函授大学学报], No. 22 (2015), pp. 80-81. N2 - 屌丝一词兴起于2012年雷霆三巨头吧对李毅吧的恶搞称谓,后来逐渐演变为处于中国社会底层、辛苦恣睢的青年人自我嘲讽的代称。以屌丝自称的青年试图通过屌丝这一标签使自己获得社会认同,通过>屌<的方式去引起别人的注意,用>屌<的策略去突围自身发展的困境。本文以弗洛姆的逃避自由观为理论背景,分析当前社会条件下屌丝青年的发展困境和心理机制,探索如何帮助屌丝青年走出放任自流的境况,重塑其作为>人<应有的价值与尊严,保护他们被严酷的社会撕裂得越来越脆弱的心灵. N2 - The term of >cock wire< has risen from the spoof title given by Thunder Three Giants Bar to the Li- yi Bar in 2012,and later evolved into the self-mockery addressing for the hard tempered young people in the bottom of China society. The >cock wire< youth try to make their access to social identity through the label of >Cock wire<, get attention through the >cock< way and break through the plight of their own development with >cock< strategies. Taking Fromm’s escape freedom concept as a theoretical background, this paper makes analysis to the development difficulties and psychological mechanisms under current social conditions and explores on how to help the cock wire youth to get out of the drifting situation. It reshapes the value and dignity that a >person< should have and protects their increasingly fragile soul that ripped by the crucial society. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yuan, Luoya T1 - Fromm’s Diagnosis of Industrial Capitalism: Comprehensive Alienation [弗洛姆对工业资本主义社会的诊断:全面的异化] JF - Journal of Wuhan University of Technology (Social Sciences Edition) [武汉理工大学学报 (社会科学版)], No. 5 (2015), pp. 820-824. N2 - 基于人道主义精神,以社会心理分析为视角,埃里希•弗洛姆分析了人的生存状况及需求,将健全社会界定为>符合人类的需求的社会<,对潜藏在工业资本主义社会物质富足背后的社会与人的危机进行了分析,指出这个社会并不健全,而是一个全面异化的社会,在追求经济和技术的进步时不仅无视人的存在,而且将人塑造成适应社会的人,占有倾向与市场倾向的社会性格使得人的内心呈现为病态。 N2 - In view of humanitarianism and from a social psychoanalytic perspective, Erich Fromm analyzed the living condition and need of people, made a definition of sane society that should be in line with the need of mankind. Delving into social and human crisis at the back of abundant materials to industrial capitalism, Erich Fromm drew a conclusion that the society is not sane but alienated. In the pursuit of economic and technological progress, the society not only ignores the existence of human, but also makes the person adapted to the society. The social character of the possession and market makes the person morbid. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xu, Wanglei T1 - Discussion on the Value and Application of Fromm's >Sound Social< Thoughts for Construction of Socialist Harmonious Society [论弗洛姆健全社会思想的社会主义和谐社会建设价值及应用], Master thesis, Chinese Marxism Research, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China 2015[application of Fromm's theories to art]. Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Fengyang T1 - On Fromm's >The Art of Loving< [浅谈弗洛姆《爱的艺术》] JF - Legality Vision [法制博览], No. 36 (2015), p. 317. N2 - 爱在弗洛姆人道主义伦理学中占核心地位,爱是使人们摆脱孤独监禁,实现人与人结合的一门艺术。 N2 - Love occupy the central position in Fromm's humanitarian ethics, love is to make people get rid of loneliness in prison, to achieve a combination of human art. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Songping T1 - Fromm's Theory to Build a Harmonious Society [弗洛姆以构建和谐社会为旨归的理论探索] JF - Intelligence [才智], No. 27 (2015), p. 361. N2 - 在他的全部著述中,弗洛姆反复强调,走向新的和谐是人类社会的终极目标。在他看来,人、社会、自然原本是一个统一的合目的性系统,人原本是他自身的目的,然而等级制社会却违背了这种合目的性。尽管他的理论体系非常庞大,然而他毕生的理论探索,都是为了寻求社会和谐之道。 N2 - In all his writings, Fromm repeatedly stressed, to a new harmony is the ultimate goal of human society. In his opinion, people, society and nature was originally a unified system purposiveness, who had his own purpose, however, was contrary to the hierarchical society such cooperation purpose. Despite his theoretical system it is very large, but his lifelong exploration of the theory, is to seek social harmony road. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Shuxian T1 - Pioneer in the Treatment of Schizophrenia – Frieda Fromm-Reichmann [精神分裂症治疗的先驱——弗丽达•弗洛姆-赖克曼] JF - Popular Psychology [大众心理学], No. 10 (2015), pp. 47-48. N2 - 弗丽达•弗洛姆-赖克曼(Frieda Fromm-Reichmann,1889-1957)是美籍德裔的著名精神分析师,社会文化学派的代表人物之一。她与沙利文、弗洛姆等社会文化学派代表一起各自从不同的角度提出革命性的理论观点,极力推进了社会文化学派的理论和临床实践的发展。她对精神分析最重要的贡献是将精神分析疗法用于精神病,尤其是精神分裂症的治疗,并在临床实践中总结和提出强化心理治. N2 - Frieda Fromm-Reichmann (1889-1957) is an analyst, one of the representatives of the famous German-American school of social and cultural spirit. She and Sullivan, Fromm and other social and cultural school together represent a revolutionary theory put forward their point of view from different angles, strongly promoted the development of theory and clinical practice of socio-cultural school. Her most important contribution of psychoanalysis is to psychoanalytic therapy for mental illness, especially schizophrenia treatment, and summary and proposes to strengthen the psychological treatment in clinical practice. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Baiwen T1 - Fromm's Concept of a Socialist Harmonious Sound Commentary [弗洛姆的社会主义和谐健全观述评] JF - Social Science Front [社会科学战线], No. 7 (2015), pp. 32-35. N2 - 弗洛姆以>预制<人性为研究的逻辑起点,批判现代资本主义异化,憧憬能够解决资本主义社会问题的>真正社会主义<。>真正的社会主义<充满着普爱、人道的和谐健全气息,以此批判资本主义社会的人的异化,倡导规约技术与健康消费的和谐健全理念。事实上,弗洛姆的社会主义和谐健全观根本没有触及资本主义的经济基础和政治结构,其变革措施体现了改良主义性质,明显带有乌托邦色彩。 N2 - Fromm to >pre< logical starting point for the study of human nature, alienation critique of modern capitalism, capitalist society hopes to solve the problem of >real socialism<. >Real socialism< is full of universal love, harmony sound humane atmosphere, in order to criticize the capitalist society of human alienation, advocate the concept of harmonious sound reduction techniques and healthy consumption. Indeed, Fromm socialist harmonious sound concept simply did not touch on the economic and political structure of capitalist basis, which reflects the reformist nature of change measures, with an obvious Utopia. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tuo, Huijun A1 - Zhang, Lili T1 - Psychological Bullying Behavior – Taking >Escape from Freedom< as Center [日本校园欺凌行为的四层构造的心理学研究——以>逃避自由<为中心] JF - Shanxi Youth [山西青年], No. 24 (2015), pp. 63-64, 62. N2 - 欺凌行为是普遍存在于青少年中的一种侵犯行为,对欺凌行为的研究始于20世纪70年代,之后这个问题逐渐引起世界各国研究者的广泛关注。美国著名的精神分析学家弗洛姆通过分析自由对现代人的双重含义,揭示现代人逃避自由的心理机制及其表现形式。本文拟从逃避自由的孤独心理为切入点,对欺凌行为相关的心理活动进行分析。本文以弗洛姆的逃避自由理论为基础,运用弗洛姆逃避自由的权威主义、破坏欲和机械趋同这三种心理机制并结合实例来分析欺凌行为中的欺凌者、观众、旁观者的心理及其表现。 N2 - Bullying is a widespread violations in adolescents, the study of bullying began in the 1970s, after the problem gradually attracted attention of researchers around the world. Famous American psycho-analyst Erich Fromm double meaning of freedom by analyzing modern, explore the psychological mechanism of freedom and escape from the modern manifestations. This paper from the freedom to escape loneliness psychology as a starting point for bullying-related mental activity analysis. In this paper, Fromm's Escape from Freedom theory, using Fromm's authoritarian escape from freedom, desire and mechanical damage convergence of these three psychological mechanisms and to analyze with examples of bullying bullies, spectators, spectator psychology its performance. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Tan, Jinhua T1 - Love is the Most Important Thing – What is that? [爱情中最重要的是什么? ] JF - Popular Psychology [大众心理学], No. 10 (2015), pp. 37-38. N2 - 晚上与朋友一起吃饭时,谈到了爱情和婚姻。突然想起年前,另一朋友在网上就问题>婚姻中,最重要的是什么?<>征集<过答案。筑起的楼层里,有人说是>理解<,有人说是>包容<,有人说是>责任感和担当<,我,则引用了弗洛姆的一句话——>爱是我们对所爱者生命与成长的主动关切。没有这种关切,就没有爱。<今晚的朋友,还谈到,二十几岁的我们啊,根本不明白什么是真爱。只有经历了对孩子的那种无条件的付出,才. N2 - In the evening and dinner with friends, talking about love and marriage. Suddenly remembered that years ago, another friend on the Internet on the question, >marriage, the most important thing is what?< >Call< had the answer. Build the floor, someone said to be >understanding<, was said to be >inclusive<, it was said to be >a sense of responsibility and to play<, I, the reference of Fromm's words - >Love is our loved one life and growth initiative concerns. Without this concern, there is no love<. Tonight's friend, also spoke of our twenties ah, do not understand what is true love. Only experienced the kind of children unconditional pay only. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shen, Shenglin T1 - Lack of Love And Freedom – Interpretation of >Wonderland< according to Fromm [爱与自由的缺失 - 《奇境》的弗洛姆式解读], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sang, Dan T1 - >Out of Human Bondage< in Erich Fromm’s View of Freedom [《人性的枷锁》之弗洛姆自由观解读], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2015.[application of Fromm's theories to art] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Qiu, Haiyan T1 - Fromm’s Consumption Alienation Theory as an Inspiration for Students Lifestyle [弗洛姆消费异化理论对大学生生活方式的启 JF - Hubei Social Sciences [湖北社会科学], No. 11 (2015), pp. 190-193. N2 - 弗洛姆消费异化理论认为,在当今时代,人们不仅在消费领域重消费不重创造、重物不重人,异化消费的交换动机还渗透到了人体验自己的方式上,并且入侵了人们闲暇时间的空闲生活。弗洛姆消费异化理论对认识当今大学生在消费心理、职业价值观、闲暇生活等方面所面临的问题有着独特的启示作用,有助于我们有针对性地解决大学生的困扰。 N2 - Fromm consumption alienation theory is that in the modern era, people not only in the consumer sector is not heavy heavy consumption creation weight than to men, consumption alienation exchange also motivated to penetrate into the human experience on their way, and It invaded the idle life of people leisure time. Fromm consumer awareness of the problem of alienation theory of college students today in terms of consumer psychology, professional values, leisure life face has a unique inspiration, help us to specifically address problems of College Students. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Qiu, Haiyan T1 - Modern Living Circumstances – Fromm's Alienation [现代人的生存境遇——从弗洛姆的异化思想说起] JF - Journal of Hubei Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences) [湖北师范学院学报(哲学社 会科学版)], No. 5 (2015), pp. 84-86. N2 - 弗洛姆认为,现代社会不仅是消费异化的社会,而且是科技异化的社会。错觉式的社会互动更是偶像异化的深层社会和心理根源。人们在现代社会中看上去具有适应、竞争的性格品质,却时时被深深的沮丧感、无足轻重感和厌倦感包围,体验不到幸福。为恢复人的健全社会性格,弗洛姆在《健全社会》一书旨在通过文化心理变革建立起健全的社会. N2 - Fromm believes that modern society is not only a consumer of social alienation, social alienation and science and technology. Illusion-style social interaction is the deep social and psychological roots idol alienation. People in modern society appears to have adapted the character quality of competition, but always be a sense of deep depression, feeling insignificant and boredom surrounded not experience happiness. For the restoration of human sound social character, Fromm in >perfect society<, a book designed to establish a sound social change through cultural psychology. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Qi, Xiangyu T1 - Payroll Multidimensional Perspective of >?Pay Knot< – Dialogue ZCTT Human Resources Director Heqing Jun [ 薪酬管理多维视角化>薪结<——对话中创信测人力资源总监贺清君] JF - Human Resources [人力资源], No. 17 (2015), pp. 12-19. N2 - 随机对50位90后员工发起一项随机调查:支撑你工作的最强动力是什么?29位员工的答案是每月到账的工资;13位员工的答案是人生价值的实现;5位员工的答案是图乐呵,不差钱;还有3位员工的答案竟是因为公司有食堂。弗洛姆在《自为的人》中谈到,所有生命的本质就是维护和肯定它自身的存在,人生活的目的是根据人的本性法则展现其特殊的力量,保持自我存在,成为他能够成为的人。在企业里,要想让员工成为>他能够成为的人<,就要让员工先成为>企< N2 - Randomly 50 90 employees launched a random survey:? What is the strongest support your work force is 29 employees answer is credited monthly salary; 13 employees answer realize the value of life; 5 Figure Lehe staff answer is, not bad money; there are three employees actually answer because the company cafeteria. Fromm in >self who< talked about the essence of all life is to maintain and affirm its own existence, the purpose of human life is based on the law of human nature to show its special powers to maintain self-existent, he was able to become be. In business, to get employees to become >He can become a man<, will allow employees to become >stand<. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lü, Mingzhang T1 - On Mechanism of Fromm’s Escape from Freedom [论弗洛姆逃避自由的机制] JF - Journal of Taiyuan University [太原大学学报], No. 4 (2015), pp. 6-11. N2 - 自由是人的解放尺度,它既具有历史的宏观意义,又呈现出人的微观存在状态。弗洛姆的《逃避自由》是马克思唯物史观和弗洛伊德精神分析学说与社会现实交汇的产物,它剖析了唯物史观视域下人的丰富情感体验,赋予精神分析以社会历史意义,成为弗洛伊德马克思主义的经典。 N2 - Freedom is the yardstick of human liberation, it not only has historical macroscopic meaning, but also reveals human’s microscopic existence. Fromm’s >Escape from freedom< is the integration of Marx’s historical materialism and Freud’s psychoanalysis in the basis of social practice. It analyses plentiful human affection experience, entrusts social historical meaning to psychoanalysis, and becomes a Freud’s Marxism classic. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lu, Lu T1 - An Alternative Perspective on the Tendency of Abuse in Francis Bacon’s Paintings [弗朗西斯•培根绘画中虐论倾向的另类视角][application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Xuzhou Institute of Technology (Social Sciences Edition) [徐州工程学院学报(社会科学版)], No. 6 (2015), pp. 60-64. N2 - 弗朗西斯•培根的作品有别于同代艺术流派之处在于其多元论的现代主义艺术,宏大叙事性再现抽象的消极元素,扭曲、痉挛、肢解、强烈的艺术作品形象及其体现出的施虐与受虐的倾向。文章指出培根绘画中的施虐和受虐倾向与培根阴郁的童年、两次世界大战对其造成的伤害以及社会集体价值的崩溃紧密相关,并运用弗洛伊德精神分析法和弗洛姆的施虐和受虐理论与萨特的存在主义等对艺术与施虐和受虐理论关系进行思考。 N2 - The differences of Francis Bacon from the same genre of contemporary art exist in his geometric abstraction, abstract expressionism and pluralism of modern art. Its grand narrativity represented the negative elements in the strong twisted, spasmodic and dismembered works of art images which reflected the sadistic and masochistic tendencies that closely connected with his gloomy childhood, the hurts caused by the two world wars and the collapse of the social collective values. Therefore, this paper explored the relations between the art and sadism and masochism on the basis of Freud’s psychoanalysis, Fromm’s sadistic and masochistic theory and Sartre’s existentialism. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Pengxiang T1 - On Social Development and End of Critical Theory [论社会批判理论的发展与终结] JF - Decision Forum – Symposium on Application of System Science in Engineering Decision, Beijing, November 21, 2014, in: [Proceedings] Decision Forum – Symposium on Application of System Science in Engineering Deci-sion, edited by Technology and Enterprise Editorial, Bejing (2015), p. 48. N2 - 在法兰克福学派哲学家的眼中,随着当时以至于现代资本主义社会发展以合理性为根本,把科学技术作为表现形式的强大意识形态的有效控制,使整个社会现实生活实现了资本主义一体化。法兰克福学派代表人物众多,这里仅着重叙述霍克海默和阿多诺的主要理论以及简要概括阐述马尔库塞、弗洛姆的主要思想。 N2 - In the eyes of the Frankfurt School philosophers, along with the time that modern capitalist society to develop effective controls to rationality as a fundamental, science and technology as a powerful manifestation of ideology, society as a whole to achieve the real life capitalism integration. Many representatives of the Frankfurt School, described here focuses only on the main theory of Horkheimer and Adorno and Marcuse describes a brief summary, the main idea Fromm. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Jingsi T1 - Study on Erich Fromm’s Thought of The Sane Society [弗洛姆健全社会思想研究], Master thesis, Marxist Theory, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China 2015.[application of Fromm's theories to art] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Boshi A1 - Sui, Lishuang T1 - Development and Enlightenment of Theory of Alienation: Comparison of Marx’s, Lukács’, and Fromm’s Theory of Alienation [异化理论的发展及启示——从马克思、卢卡奇、弗洛姆异化理论对比的维度 ][application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Social Sciences) [成都理工大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 2 (2015), pp. 1-5. N2 - 异化是一个有着悠久历史的理论范畴,自马克思提出劳动异化理论后,异化理论便对后世产生了深远的影响。卢卡奇继承了马克思的思想,提出了物化理论,批判了资本主义异化现象;弗洛姆则将马克思的劳动异化理论和弗洛伊德心理分析结合,从文化工业影响的角度描述异化现象。马克思、卢卡奇和弗洛姆的异化理论都关注社会中人的生存问题,但侧重点不同。通过对三位学者异化理论的梳理分析,能够对我国当前人的生存样态分析提供参考,并为我国精神文明建设提供一个借鉴。 N2 - This alienation has a long history of theoretical categories, since the labor theory of alienation Marx,on the later had a profound impact. Lukács inherited the ideas of Marx proposed materialized theory, critique of capitalism alienation; Fromm will Marxism and Freudian psychoanalysis combina-tion described alienation from the perspective of the impact of cultural industries. Marx, Lukács and Fromm’s theory of alienation are concerned about the survival of the human society, but the focus is different. By combining three scholars to explore the theory of alienation, people can survive on our current state analysis provides a reference sample to provide a basis for our spiritual civilization. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Bin T1 - Study on Fromm’s Critical Character Theory [弗洛姆性格批判理论研究], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China 2015. N2 - 弗洛姆的性格批判理论,以弗洛伊德精神分析为切入点,并且综合了马克思的异化批判理论,进一步扩大至对于整个病态西方工业社会的批判。绪论部分介绍了本论文的选题缘由及意义,系统梳理了国内外的研究现状,以及对本文的切入点及其研究重点作了阐述。第一章追述了弗洛姆性格批判理论的建构,本章通过对弗洛姆性格批判理论的起源,分别从思想渊源及其研究的对象来论述,进而解析了其理论的主要内容。第二章重点论述了弗洛姆对病态西方工业社会的批判,笔者从病态西方工业社会的心理基础、生存方式、社会结构三个方面进行探究,重点剖析了病态西方工业社会的心理机制及性格缺陷。第三章解析了弗洛姆性格批判理论的当代价值,客观地论述其理论所具有的现实意义。 N2 - Fromm's critical theory of character, taking Freudian psychoanalysis as its entry point, and synthesizing Marx's critical theory of alienation, is further expanded to include a critique of the whole sick Western industrial society. The introductory section introduces the rationale and significance of this thesis, systematically reviews the current state of research at home and abroad, and elaborates on the entry point of the thesis and its research focus.– The first chapter traces the construction of Fromm's critical theory of personality. This chapter discusses the origins of Fromm's critical theory of personality in terms of its ideological origins and the objects of his research, and then analyses the main contents of his theory.– The second chapter focuses on Fromm's critique of sick Western industrial society. The author explores three aspects of sick Western industrial society: its psychological foundations, ways of living and social structure, and focuses on the psychological mechanisms and character defects of sick Western industrial society.– The third chapter analyses the contemporary value of Fromm's critical theory of character and objectively discusses the practical significance of his theory. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Lin, Xi T1 - Development as Civitas Homini [论>情理共同体<] JF - Journal of Tongji University (Social Science Section) [同济大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 2 (2016), pp. 77-87. N2 - 对于一个转型社会而言,高速的发展必然会带来同样多的积极和消极结果。在综合阿玛蒂亚•森和弗洛姆论说的基础上,笔者提出了>发展辩证法<的概念,来总括这种由发展而导致的>喜忧参半<的社会病理学状况。解决这种>发展悖论<的方式在于从传统社会的>机械团结<过渡到现代社会的>有机团结<,促进>有机团结<在转型社会中的扩大和增加。笔者在批判吸收迪尔凯姆>职业团体<论说的基础上提出了>情理共同体<这一概念,指出了其所包含的>新五伦说<、>情理兼顾<、>个体选择优先<、>主体间性承认<等四个基本特征,并认为这样一种>非理想<的理论概念能够更有效地应用于当下中国转型社会的现实 N2 - Rapid development in a transitioning society will surely bring to fore as many positive consequences as negative ones. Drawing upon Amartya Sen and Fromm, this concept of Entwicklungsdialektik is put forward to generalize the pathological representation of this highly mixed record of development. The solution to such Entwicklungsparadox lies in the shift from mechanical solidarity (as a charac-teristic of traditional society) to organic solidarity (typical of a modern one), enabling the latter to increase in both scale and depth in the society. A critical reflection on the Durkheimian thesis on >oc-cupational groups/corporation< paves the way for us to propose the new concept of civitas homini, which is characterized by >the new quintochomy of human relations<, >an all-in-all consideration of both Vernünftigkeit and Rationalität<, >priority to individual choice preferences<, and >intersubjective recognition.< This concept is of greater hermeneutic value and empirical validity for the reality in contemporary China. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lin, Jing T1 - Fromm’s Freedom Thought and Its Value to Our Contemporary Country [弗洛姆的自由思想及其对我国当代的价值], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi, China 2015.[application of Fromm's theories to art] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Zhimin T1 - The Face of Irresistible Love – >The Art of Loving< Pour out the True Meaning of Love [难以抗拒爱的容颜——《爱的艺术》倾吐爱的真谛] JF - Rural Development [老区建设], No. 17 (2015), pp. 60-62. N2 - 在西方,叫《爱的艺术》的有两本书,一本是由古罗马诗人奥维德所著。大家都知道,在古罗马,>艺<是指手艺、>术<是指技术,所以他的《爱的艺术》完全是讲的如何去泡妞,我发现这本书对我没有用,因为抛媚眼、摆Pose,对我来说太难了!另外一本是今天我要在这里向大家隆重推荐的——著名心理学家弗洛姆的《爱的艺术》。这是一本学术畅销书,学术著作能成为畅销书是十分少见的;在欧美诸国,它是高中生的必读书;在八九十年代的复旦校园,几乎人手一本。以下我想从亲情之爱与爱情之爱两个领域,与大家分享这本书给. N2 - In the West, called >The Art of Loving< There are two books, one written by the Roman poet Ovid. As we all know, in ancient Rome, >art< refers to skills, >surgery< refers to technology, so his >Art of Love< is about how to complete because of who I found this book I did not use, because throwing flirtatious, put Pose, too difficult for me another one is here today, I want to recommend to you a grand! >The Art of Loving< famous psychologist Erich Fromm. This is a best-selling book academic, scholarly works to become the best-selling book is very rare; in European and American countries, it is required reading for high school students; Fudan campus in the eighties and nineties, almost everyone one. The following I want from love of family and love the two areas, and to share this book. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Yongsheng A1 - He, Guorong T1 - Fromm’s Concept of the Causes of Crime [弗洛姆的犯罪原因观评介] JF - Journal of Wuling [武陵学刊], No. 5 (2015), pp. 56-61. N2 - 弗洛姆认为,有别于任何物种,唯有人类的存在境遇是矛盾的、分裂的。既脆弱,又强大;既自由,又孤独。该存在境遇带来的焦虑和痛苦,导致一系列必须满足的需要:生存的意义指向;生存的价值感;被接纳的归属感等。满足需要的方式,可分为正面积极的善性取向和负面消极的恶性取向。每个个体兼容了两种人格取向,多数普通人善的人格取向占优势,少数人则相反,特定情境下他们会制造恶性的破坏和犯罪。对弗洛姆犯罪原因观的介绍及分析,可扩充国内犯罪学研究领域的新视野。 N2 - Fromm, unlike any species, only the situation of human existence is contradictory, divisive. Both fragile and strong; both free and alone. The situation brought about by the presence of anxiety and pain, leading to a series of needs that must be met: the meaning of life points; a sense of survival value; admitted sense of belonging. Way to meet the needs, can be divided into positive and negative positive negative good sexual orientation vicious orientation. Each individual is compatible with the two personality orientation, the orientation of the majority of ordinary people of good character dominant, few people on the contrary, under certain situations they will create vicious destruction and crime. Presentation and analysis of the causes of crime concept Fromm, scalable Vision domestic criminological research field. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Yin T1 - Conformity or Freedom: A Psychoanalytic Interpretation of >The Flight from the Enchanter< [顺从还是自由 -《逃离巫师》的精神分析解读], Master thesis, English Language and Literature University: Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 出生于都柏林的艾丽丝•默多克是20世纪英国最杰出的女作家之一。自1954年发表第一部小说《在网下》起,默多克在40余年的文学生涯中完成了26部小说、1部短篇小说集、6部戏剧和2部诗集的创作。这些成就为她在战后英国文坛的重要地位奠定了坚实基础。而作为一名哲学家,默多克也发表过5部重要的哲学著作。她早年曾在牛津大学萨默维尔学院学习哲学,战后则在联合国善后救济总署工作。两次世界大战导致了动荡不安的社会局势,动摇了原有的文化价值观念。默多克亲眼目睹了许多人因出身问题而遭受迫害。他们国破家亡,沦为难民,不得不选择移民,甚至被迫死亡。她的哲学思想也因此有所改变。她不再相信个人具有绝对自由,其小说也更加关注个人在社会上的生存和自由问题。作为犹太裔的精神分析家,埃里希•弗洛姆在二战时也遭到德国纳粹施虐统治的迫害。这种经历是他社会心理学理论的重要现实来源。他在《逃避自由》中提出了自己对社会性格的理解,分析了集权社会下的施虐-受虐性格倾向。他为健全的社会描绘了蓝图,也希望为现代人的民主和自由指明方向。因此,默多克和弗洛姆都试图为当代人在社会上的生存找寻出路,他们的观点不谋而合。本文将依托弗洛姆的社会心理学理论,分析默多克第二部小说《逃离巫师》中主要人物的施虐-受虐性格倾向,找寻众人物无法逃离>巫师<的心理原因,进而理解默多克在本小说中对自由的认识。文章共分成六个部分。第一章简单介绍默多克的生平及成就,对国内外默多克小说研究现状进行梳理,并提出作者研究《逃离巫师》的独特视角。第二章是论文的理论依据,综合论述弗洛姆提出的集权社会下的施虐-受虐性格理论。第三、四章为本文的主干,通过细读小说文本,分析代表人物的受虐倾向和巫师米沙的施虐统治,尝试解释受虐狂们无法逃离同巫师之间共生关系的原因,进而分析其各自集权主义性格形成的根源。第五章首先分析默多克个人对该小说人物悲剧的认识,随后指出其在该小说中的自由观,最后用弗洛姆的心理学理论对其评价,指出其不足之处。第六章作为结束章节,对全文进行概况总结。 N2 - [Iris Murdoch , born in Dublin, is one of the most outstanding female writers in Britain. After the publi-cation of her first novel Under the Net in 1954, Murdoch completed, in her literary career of more than 40 years, 26 novels, 1 short story,6 plays and 2 poetry collections. These great achievements help lay a solid foundation for her important position in British literature in the post-war era. Murdoch is also a philosopher who publishes 5 great works of philosophy. She studies philosophy at Somerville College, Oxford when she is young, and works for the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration after the Second World War. The two world wars give rise to the turbulent social situa-tion, and shake the traditional cultural values. Murdoch witnesses that many people are persecuted just because of their origins. Their countries are ruined and perished, and they become refugees who have to emi-grate, or even are forced to death. Therefore, Murdoch also changes her philosophical thoughts to some extent. She does not believe in absolute freedom of individuals any longer, but pays more attention in her novels to the matters of individual existence and the way to freedom. - Erich Fromm, a psychoanalyst of Jewish parentage, is also persecuted for some time by the sadistic governance of the German Nazis during World War II. This experience is an important and direct source of his theory of social psychology. In his Escape from Freedom, Fromm proposes his under-standing of social character, and analyzes the masochistic and sadistic strivings in an authoritarian society. He draws a blueprint for a sane society, hoping to point out the direction of democracy and freedom for people in modern society. Therefore, both Murdoch and Fromm try to find ways out for people’s existence in the contemporary society, and they happen to hold similar views. Relying on Fromm’s theory of social psychology, the author of this thesis will make thorough analyses of sado-masochistic tendencies of major characters in Murdoch’s second novel, The Flight from the Enchan-ter , and find out the reasons for many characters’ inability to escape from >the enchanter<, so as to understand Murdoch’s view of freedom in this novel. - This paper is divided into six parts. In Chapter One, the author briefly introduces the life and achievements of Iris Murdoch, summarizes the criticism of Murdoch’s novels at home and aboard, and presents his unique perspective to analyze Murdoch’s second novel, >The Flight from the En-chanter<.– Chapter Two is the summary of Erich Fromm’s theory of sado-masochism in the authori-tarian society, laying a solid theoretical foundation for this thesis.– Chapter Three and Four are body parts of the thesis. The author makes thorough analyses of masochistic strivings of representtative characters and sadistic domination of the enchanter Mischa by close reading of this novel, trying to explain reasons for masochists’ inability to escape from the symbiotic relationship with the enchanter and find roots of their authoritarian characters.– In Chapter Five, the author first analyzes Murdoch’s understandings of the tragic destinies of the characters in FFTE, then points out her view of freedom reflected in this novel, and at last tries to evaluate her view of freedom and indicates the limitation of her theory by Fromm’s psychological theory.– Chapter Six is the conclusion of the whole thesis. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lei, Shaojun T1 - A Thematic Analysis of >The Adventures of Augie March<: Spiritual Pursuits in Alienated Environment [《奥吉•马奇历险记》主题分析:异化环境中的精神追求], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 作为当代美国文坛中最主要的作家之一,索尔•贝娄的文学成就可与福克纳海明威齐名。他的作品不仅为我们呈现了丰富的社会内容,也体现了他深刻的哲学思辨。作为一个充满社会责任感和历史感的作家,贝娄给我们展现了社会与个人之间不可调和的矛盾。基于贝娄所拥有的敏锐观察力以及对当代文化与心理的精妙分析,他给我们阐述了个人存在与价值在在异化环境中遇到的种种困难。1976年,他以>对当代文化富于人性的理解和精妙的分析<获得诺贝尔文学奖。作为贝娄的代表作,《奥吉•马奇历险记》是其写作生涯的转折点。贝娄将他自己的写作风格融合于传统的流浪汉小说之中,使这部小说具有深远的意义。这部作品也是对当时的美国社会以及时代风貌的艺术再现。《奥吉•马奇历险记》描绘了主人公奥吉马奇从20年代到40年代的人生历程。从小时候起他便遭受了异化。为了摆脱他人的控制以及异化的环境,他踏上了形骸流浪的道路。正是由于异化才导致了奥吉流浪的生活。然而在他坎坷的人生道路之中,他从未放弃过自己。他任然坚持他自己的原则而最终回归自我。本论文以弗洛姆的异化理论作为理论依据,结合小说中主人公的人生历程,旨在探讨《奥吉•马奇历险记》的主题。论文主要从以下两方面进行分析,第一以弗洛姆异化理论中异化的表现为基础,从社会关系、生产过程、消费过程以及政治生活四方面来分析奥吉所遭受的异化。通过对该小说中异化的表现的分析来体现主人公异化的周遭环境。第二分析主人公自我回归的原因,正是他不断的精神追求以及对他原则的坚守,促成了他最后的回归。通过对小说的主题分析,我们不仅能更好地理解索尔贝娄所隐含的深远意义,而且能体会他对人类命运的人文关怀。 N2 - As one of the most important writers in contemporary American literary world, Saul Bellow’s, literary achievements can be paralleled with that of William Faulkner and Ernest Hemingway. His works not only show us rich social contents of that time but also embody his profound philosophical speculation. As a writer with social responsibilities and sense of historical missions, Bellow profoundly showed us the irreconcilable contradictions between individuals and the society. Based on his keen observation and subtle analysis of culture and psychology of that time, Saul Bellow clarified numerous difficulties that personal dignity and values might face in alienated environment. Saul Bellow won the Nobel Prize in Literature >for the human understanding and subtle analysis of contemporary culture that are combined in his work< in 1976. >The Adventures of Augie March<, as his masterpiece, stands at the turning point of his writing career. Bellow blends his own Style with the traditional Picaresque Novel, thus this novel bears far-reaching significance. It is an artistic representation of American social status and features of that time. It shows us the protagonist Augie March’s life path from 1920 s to 1940 s. He encountered alienation from his childhood. To get rid of others’ domination and alienated environment, he set foot on physical wandering. It was because of alienation that impelled Augie’s wandering life. However, during his rugged path, he never gave up himself. He still adhered to his principles and finally restored himself. - Based on Eric Fromm’s Theory of alienation, combined with the life journey of the protagonist, this paper tries to analyze the theme of The Adventures of Augie March. It was analyzed from the following two aspects: first, based on Fromm’s alienation embodiment, alienation suffered by Augie was discussed from the aspects of alienation expressed in social relations, alienation expressed in the productive process, alienation expressed in the process of consumption and alienation expressed in political life. By analyzing the embodiment of alienation, the alienated surrounding environment of the protagonist was vividly reflected; Second, analyzing the reasons for Augie’s final self-restoration. Just because of his unceasing spiritual pursuits and adherence to his principles that contribute to his final restoration. By analyzing the theme of the novel we can not only better understand the far-reaching significance Saul Bellow implicated from another perspective but also feel his humanistic concern with the fate of humankind. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jin, Zi T1 - Interpretation of >The Human Stain< from New View of Psychoanalysis [从新精神分析角度解读《人性的污秽》][application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - China National Exhibition [中国民族博览], No. 10 (2015), pp. 187-188. N2 - 本文从通过运用弗洛姆的新精神分析理论对菲利普罗斯的《人性的污秽》中的主要人物,即男女主人公科尔曼、福尼娅,以及德芬妮进行分析,将他们如何逃避自由以获得他人的认可并由此所面临的困境做出分析,再通过对主人公科尔曼的转变,对他如何从消极自由转向积极自由以此达到净化的过程做出分析,揭示当代人面临的生存困境和如何摆脱困境达到真正的自由。 N2 - This article uses Fromm's neo-psychoanalytic theory to analyze the main characters in Philip Roth's >The Human Stain<, namely the heroes and heroines Coleman, Faunia, and Delphine, and analyze how they escape freedom. To gain the recognition of others and analyze the difficulties faced by it, and then through the transformation of the protagonist Coleman, analyze how he changed from passive freedom to active freedom to achieve purification, revealing the survival faced by contemporary people difficulties and how to get out of them to achieve true freedom. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Han, Guichang T1 - An Marxist-Philosophic Analysis of Fromm’s Theory of Escape from Freedom [对弗洛姆逃避自由论的马克思哲学分析], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy University: Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China 2015. N2 - 逃避自由论是弗洛姆思想体系中最为重要的理论之一。在《逃避自由》中,弗洛姆以归属感需求为其理论的逻辑基点,认为现代自由作为个体独立的过程意味着归属感的缺失,个体化的个人在与他人分离之际感到孤独进而开始逃避自由。自由导致归属感的缺失,孤独导致逃避自由,这是其核心观点。在此基础上,弗洛姆分析了逃避自由的心理机制及其社会表现,并提出了解决逃避自由问题的途径。然而,按照马克思哲学的立场和观点来看,归属感需求作为抽象的人性需求,以此为逻辑基点,其理论主体就是超阶级的个人,所追求的自由也是脱离现实的主体价值悬设。这样一来,现实的社会性问题就单纯是个人问题了,现代自由所存在的问题也被简单地归结为面对孤独的逃避问题。而这一超阶级的分析必然导致对资本主义条件下阶级压迫与不平等现象的视而不见,对个体不自由现状与无能为力心理状态的理论遮蔽。由于弗洛姆常常将孤独与无能为力混淆不作区分,基于归属感需求的逃避自由逻辑难以成立,那么,以孤独作为逃避自由的原因及其对自由出路的假设最终亦难以说得通。在马克思哲学的视域下,对逃避自由论的哲学扬弃应当回到马克思的起点,把人的需求建立在现实的、实践的基础之上,强调人的需求与自由是内在交织在一起的。以此为逻辑基点,在资本主义条件下自由并不意味着个人在境况上的个体化与心理上的孤独,而是个人与自由的异化。对弗洛姆逃避自由论中予以混淆的孤独与无能为力两种情绪,应当着重强调无能为力。基于此,本文对弗洛姆自由逃避心理机制的合理部分进行了扬弃,并认为自由的根本出路应当从现实的社会基础出发,以共产主义为社会理想,努力促进生产力的发展,并通过改革完善社会结构。对弗洛姆逃避自由论的哲学扬弃,作为对弗洛姆逃避自由论进行马克思哲学分析的最终结果,在对现实自由进行辩证否定的同时又赋予了我们追求自由的信念与现实力量。 N2 - The theory of escape from freedom, which lays the foundation of Fromm’s academic career, is the most central part of Fromm’s theory system. Assuming the need for the sense of belonging as the base point of logic of his theory, Fromm says in Escape from Freedom that freedom, as the process of individualization, means increasing lack of the sense of belonging, which causes that individualized individuals feel lonely when they leave others, and the intolerable loneliness make individuals begin to escape from freedom. That freedom leads to the lack of the sense of belonging and loneliness leads to escaping from freedom are the key point of Fromm’s theory. On the basis of this, Fromm analyzes the psychological mechanism and social performance of escaping freedom and comes up with the method of dealing with escaping from freedom. - During the Marx philosophical analysis on the theory of escaping from freedom, it must be considered that the need for the sense of belonging is an abstract need of human’s nature and the theory is based on this, so that the subject of this theory is individual who is beyond classes, and the freedom they pursue is a kind of image of individual value which is over reality. So, in Fromm’s view, the question of fact is only the question of individuals, and the question about modern freedom is only the question that individuals escape from freedom and loneliness when they face freedom. This must also make classes’ oppression and inequality under the condition of capitalist society’s abnormality unexplainable and make people ignore that individuals are not freedom and are powerless about it. So, there are errors in its psychological mechanism of escaping from freedom and the methods of solution. In the field of Marxism, re-explanation on Fromm’s theory of escaping from freedom should be considered that in the modern freedom’s analysis which is logically based on stage human need, freedom, under the condition of capitalism society, doesn’t mean individual’s individualization and loneliness but dissimilation of individual and freedom. It is not that loneliness cause escaping from freedom but that the desire for freedom is unaccomplished. Individuals find themselves powerless when facing freedom. Based on this point, this article re-explains Fromm’s mechanism of escaping from freedom and its social performance, assuming that starting from the basis of realistic society, pursuing communist society, developing productivity and improving social structure are the most fundamental way to accomplish freedom. - The transformation from loneliness to powerlessness, as the psychological state when human faces freedom, not only dialectically neglects realistic freedom but also gives us the faith and strength to pursue freedom. It is the result of Marxist philosophical analysis on Fromm’s theory of escaping from freedom and is the correct explanation on the psychological state of freedom which is on the basis of dialectically neglecting metaphysical materialist way of thinking. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gu, Lin T1 - Faith and Redemption – Shi Tiesheng’s Thought [信仰与救赎—史铁生思想研究], Doctoral dissertation, Literary Theory, Graduate School of Literature and Art, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), Beijing, China 2015 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - 史铁生是文学家中杰出的思想者,他的思想具有明确一贯的主题。在个体生命的层面,基于对生命三大根本困境的认识,即命运之无常、死亡之必然、孤独之不可逃避,史铁生对命运、死亡与孤独进行了探索,而爱情拯救孤独,由此孤独与爱情联系在一起;在社会政治层面,则是史铁生对人道主义思想的阐发;同时其创作后期以基督教上帝观为核心的信仰探索也体现了他社会政治层面的现实关切。这些主题涉及生命的本源性问题及社会、国族发展的根本性问题,>信仰与救赎<成为一根主线在个体救赎与群体救赎两个层面将这些问题串联起来。本文由绪论、本论六章、补编一章及结语构成。绪论分为三部分。第一部分选题意义,论述了从信仰的角度对史铁生的思想进行探索的理论与现实意义;第二部分对当前国内外关于史铁生的研究进行了归纳与分析,并在此基础上从三方面申明了本论文的创新之处;第三部分简单陈述了本论文的逻辑结构和思路。第一章题为>爱命运<——史铁生的命运观。联系他痛苦的肉身境遇,指出他早年对绝望处境的坦诚书写是有意义的,其表明一个人敢于直面生命的悲剧而不是逃避。并联系蒂利希的思想对绝望的意义作了本体论上的阐发,指出对绝望的接受,本身就是信仰,体现了存在的勇气,不过史铁生基于肉身境遇关于命运初步的理性探索尚无哲学家超然的理性气质。史铁生关于命运的进一步探索则是受到圣经中约伯故事的启发,由此领悟到一种涉及宇宙整体与作为部分之个体关系的形而上学。藉此形而上学,他论证了人类苦难存在的必然合理性,阐扬了一种更为释然的面对命运的态度。但针对其在苦难问题上形而上学的预设和演绎,又提出了两点反思。第二章题为意义与永恒——史铁生的死亡哲学。在1986年的《我之舞》中,史铁生第一次对死亡展开理性的探索。但是他由否定绝对的虚无,继而否定死是虚无,从而推证出>我<不死,只是一种逻辑性的自洽,其论证没有充足有效性;而在以1999年开始发表的>病隙碎笔<系列为代表的作品中,他的论述摆脱了逻辑抽象性,有了更为具体的内涵。他将论述的重点放到了>我<上,提供了以下思路:一是佛教的>无我<观;一是基于一种建立在等级序列上的宇宙观和历史观所提出的>小我<融入>大我<以获得永恒的思路,但这一思路却使得意义与永恒之间构成了一种循环论证;不过,史铁生随后的作品所阐发的关于意义与永恒的新的认知,则启发我们意识到>我<之不死,>我<之永恒是建立在对生命意义的道德认知上。永恒指向质的而非量的无限性,它是精神人格的永恒,而非生物学意义上的无限,由此证明了其思想在救赎论上的有效性。史铁生坚信>我<之不死,也是因为他相信人确有灵魂而灵魂不死,他为此提供了几条实证思路;同时,他也从道德意义上论证了灵魂不死这一信念的重要性。而爱与求知应该成为生命最基本、最重要的主题,是史铁生的死亡哲学给予我们的重大启示。第三章题为孤独与爱的救赎——史铁生的爱情观。孤独意识具有二重性,这也体现了人本质的二重性:一方面,人需要走出孤独,走向群体;另一方面,人又需要确认他的独特性与不可替代性,由此人需要在群体中享有自我内在的封闭性,也即人有渴望孤独的内在需求。史铁生强调第一方面,却忽略了第二方面,这是他在孤独与爱情的探讨中陷入困境的根本原因。在其生命境遇中,他领悟到残疾与爱情是上帝向人类隐喻的两条最本质的人性密码,在孤独的意义上,残疾即指人间的防备、歧视等造成的人心灵上的压迫和损伤。他在前后期一系列的探索中都表达了消除人间防备、歧视的强烈渴望,但伴随而来的却是孤独是人之宿命的悲观体认。在此基础上,他指出唯有爱才能拯救孤独,而基于对人之孤独的救赎,他的爱指向了广博的爱愿,博爱是难以实现的理想,爱情是其中可实现的部分,由此他通过对爱情的探讨去表达消除孤独的渴望。但爱情的理想远景既然指向了博爱,便陷入了>爱情能否n对n<的难题。在《爱情问题》、《务虚笔记》、《我的丁一之旅》中他对这一问题的探讨逐次推进,但终未能得出令人信服的答案。论文最后联系弗洛姆的观点,回顾反思史铁生的思想,指出其在爱情难题上陷入困境的原因,并提出解决思路。第四章题为>上帝<与政治——史铁生的人道主义思想。史铁生社会政治层面的关切是以他的人道主义思想为核心的。他从>叛徒<的困境、>我们<的位置中,看到了人道主义应有之义,并联系基督文化、基督精神对人道主义的自由、平等、博爱的思想进行了深入辨析。在他看来,政治问题和>上帝<信仰是不可分的,人道之上有>神在<、有>天命<,只有站在信仰的高度,才能真正击中时弊,找到出路。第五章题为>看不见而信<——史铁生的上帝观(一)。在后期,史铁生以基督教上帝观为核心阐发了他对信仰的认识。他的信仰观主要从两个方面启发了我们的思考:一是认识论上,他强调>看不见而信<,也即强调信仰的非理性特质,这是本章要阐述的问题;二是在救赎论的意义上,强调人神距离说,这是下一章的内容。在史铁生笔下,始终有两种上帝的形象:一是创世主、一是救世主。在早中期多是创世主的形象,而在后期,救世主的形象与精神得到了格外强调,正体现了他对基督文化与基督精神的赞赏。基于基督教>三位一体<的学说,史铁生通过救世主的存在领悟到创世主冷漠背后的恩慈,从而在不自由的宿命下找回了人的自由,并由此阐述了信仰的真意。但上帝的存在也即上帝的本体论问题是谈论上帝不可回避的问题,却没有引起史铁生特别的重视。他简单明了地指出信仰的本义是>看不见而信<,因为信仰在于人的信心、信念,一旦要求实证,就谈不上是信仰;同时,理性的有限也使之无能论证信仰。在他的作品中,上帝是以一正一反两条思路自然呈现的:正向的思路是,由对人之有限的认识,推到了无限之在,而这无限之在,即指上帝;反向的思路是指他基于救赎的意义强调了上帝存在的必要与价值。但这两条思路只建立了上帝存在的可能性及上帝存有的价值,却尚未建立起其真实性。而不能在心中建立起上帝的真实性,对于某些人而言,便无法真正地走近上帝信仰。但上帝的真实性终是不可证明的,在现代基督教思想家约翰.希克的启发下,我们由关于上帝存在的推论的健全性转换成对史铁生上帝信仰之合理性的研究。在这种考察中,我们看到了一种扩大了的经验和理性的范畴。正是在这广义的理性和经验里,史铁生的上帝信仰具有了合理性,也为我们走近上帝信仰提供了启示。第六章题为>人与神有着无限的距离<——史铁生的上帝观(二)。基于对人力有限的客观认识,更主要是基于对人性之恶的洞察及对中国历史、文化与现实的认识,史铁生在救赎论的意义上,突出强调了>人神距离说<,人与神的距离具体便体现在人力、人性、人智的有限或残缺与神的全能、绝对的圆满与美善的比照。史铁生明确指出他的>人神距离说<是在刘小枫的《走向十字架上的真》中找到的答案,他的这一思想也确实会让人联想到刘小枫在书中极为推崇的卡尔.巴特的思想。但通过与卡尔.巴特思想的比照可以发现,卡尔.巴特极端的神人隔绝理论无限地贬低了人,彻底取消了人的主体性;而史铁生在>人神距离说<的视野下,对有限(人)和无限(神)的辩证论述,则在认识论而根本上是生存本体论的意义上,建构了一种关于人的自由的辩证法,在神设定的>不自由<下,导向了人的超越的主体性。同时,基于社会现实的解决方案,我们将史铁生的>人神距离说<与别尔嘉耶夫以个体人格自由为核心的思想进行比较,以期引起对这一问题的思考,即病根是在极权文化上,还是根本源于人的奴性意识?最后针对学界关于史铁生是个无神论者或无神论意义上的泛神论者的普遍观点提出进一步的思考,指出从认识论的角度,我们无法对史铁生是否相信上帝作出准确判断,但从救赎论的角度,也是基于史铁生自己的明确表述,我们可以给史铁生一个准确的赋名,即史铁生是一个宗教精神的信仰者,这也是学者们的普遍共识。史铁生的信仰观尽管是在耶佛的比照下,以基督教上帝观为核心进行阐发的,但他信仰的并非某一具体宗教而是一种宗教精神,文中从五个方面对其宗教精神进行了概述。补编是史铁生的佛教思想,史铁生对信仰观的阐述是在耶佛的比照下展开的,不过佛教思想经常是被作为反例来运用的。但总体来看,史铁生所批评的并非原旨意义上的佛教思想,而是流于世俗化、功利化的民间信仰,由此他对佛教的批判有失公允,这是需要指出并加以澄清的。按照史铁生的论述逻辑,应把其对佛教的认识放在上帝观的两章,但在具体论述中会破坏这两章的逻辑和结构平衡,因此将之作为补编。史铁生基于他的信仰观,对佛教的理性主义、佛教的>灭欲说<以及佛教的功利性提出了他的批评。不过,在他的论述中,我们看到其思想及精神实质与大乘佛教是契合的,大乘佛教的的利他精神、忧悲情怀也正是史铁生明确表示赞赏的。而从大乘佛教思想出发,能够激发我们对佛教的积极认识,以此也能回应史铁生对佛教的质疑。结语题为>未完成式<——思想的文学性书写。对史铁生的信仰之路作出总结,指出理性的精神是其主要的特征,也是其思想及思想的探索之于我们的最大意义;同时,就思想与文学性书写的关系,在昆德拉和陀思妥耶夫斯基的比照下,对史铁生的创作进行了简单的考察,指出在如何更好地融合思想的表达与文学性书写的关系上,史铁生的艺术探索仍是>未完成式的<,值得我们在此问题上继续思考。 N2 - Shi Tiesheng is an outstanding thinker in writers, and his ideas had clear and consistent themes. About individual life, Shi Tiesheng explored fate, death and loneliness, which was based on the un-derstanding of three fundamental living difficulties containing impermanent fate, death and inesca-pable loneliness. And love saves the loneliness, thus loneliness and love get the reactions; on the social and political level, Shi Tiesheng elucidated the humanism; and the Christian view of God as the core belief in Shi Tiesheng’s later writing reflected his practical concerning about social and political problems. These themes pointed to the origin of life and the fundamental issues of social and national development, which are connected by >faith and redemption< as a main line from the aspects of individual redemption and group redemption. This paper consists of the introduction, six chapters, a supplement and conclusion. Introduction is divided into three parts. The first part explores the theoretical and practical significance of Shi Tiesheng’s thoughts from the perspective of faith; the second part summarizes the local and foreign researches about Shi Dishing and introduces three aspects of this paper’s innovation; the third part statement’s the logic structure and the train of thoughts in this paper. The first chapter is entitled >loving fate – Shi Tiesheng’s view of fate<. Based on his painful body situation, this chapter points out that his early sincere writing without hopeless is significant, which shows that a person dare to face the tragedy y of life, and illustrates meanings of the ontology of despair in relation of Tillich’s thoughts, then points out the acceptance of despair itself is belief – which reflects the courage of existence, but these preliminary rational explorations about the fate had no a philosopher’s detached rational temperament. Shi Tiesheng’s further exploration was inspired by Job’s story in the Bible, thus realized one type of metaphysics relating to the universe as a whole and an distinct part. From this, he demonstrated the inevitable rationality of Human suffering, and expound s a more relieved attitude to face the fate. This chapter also puts forward two reflections based on his metaphysical presupposition and deduction about suffering Issues. The second chapter is entitled >the meaning and eternity – Shi Tiesheng’s philosophy of death<. In >My Dancing<(1986), Shi Dishing firstly launched the rational exploration of death. But he denied ab-solute nothingness and fatherly denied death is nothing, thus derived >I< won’t die, which was just a self consistent logic but without enough validity. In his representative works such as the >Bing Xi Sui Bi<, his discussions got rid of logical abstraction and had a more specific meaning. He focused on the >I< and provided the following ideas: one was >without me< of Buddhist concept; one was putting forward the >ego< into >I< which was based on the conception of universe and history according to a hierarchical sequence, but this idea made a circular argument between the eternity and significance; however, Shi Tiesheng’s subsequent works with analyses on the new cognition about significance and eternity enlightened us to realize that >I< won’t die and the eternal >I< were based on the moral cognition of life meaning. The eternity pointed to the matter of essence rather amount, and it was the eternal spirit of personality rather than the biological meaning of the infinite, which proved the validity of the thought of redemption. Shi Tiesheng believed that the >I< won’t die because he believed that people have the soul and the soul is deathless, and he provided a few empirical ideas; at the same time, he also demonstrated the importance of belief on the immortal soul from the moral sense. Love and knowledge should become the most basic and important themes, which was the inspiration provided by Shi Tiesheng’s philosophy of the death for us. The third chapter is entitled >loneliness and redemption of love – Shi Tiesheng’s love view<. Loneli-ness has duality to people, it also reflects the duality of human nature: on the one hand, people need to get out of loneliness, towards the community; on the other hand, people also need to confirm his uniqueness, so people eager to internal loneliness. Shi Tiesheng stressed that the first aspect, but ignored the second, which was the fundamental reason he was in trouble in the discussion on loneliness and love. Based on his life circumstances, he realized the disability and love were the two most essential humanity passwords which was the metaphor God gives to human. In the sense of loneliness, disability refers to oppression and damage on heart caused by human’s defense and discrimination. His exploration all expressed a strong desire to eliminate defense and discrimination against the world. Nevertheless, it was accompanied with the pessimistic recognition that loneliness was the human fate. On this basis, he pointed out that only love could save the loneliness. Based on salvation towards human loneliness, his love pointed to fraternity, but is difficult to achieve the fraternity, love is one of the parts can be realized. Thus he expressed the desire to eliminate lone-liness through the discussion of love. But the ideal vision of love pointed to fraternity, then it was in a problem of >love could n vs. n<. In >Love Problem<, >Ideological Notes>, >My Trip as Ding Yi< to explore the topic of successive advance, but failed to draw a convincing answer. The last part reviews Shi Tiesheng’s thoughts with the view of Fromm, points out the cause of the trouble in love problems, and puts forward the solution. The fourth chapter is entitled >God and Politics – Shi Tiesheng’s humanism<. For Shi Tiesheng, the social and political level was concerned with his humanitarian ideas as the core. From the >traitor dilemma< and >our position<, he saw the humanitarian meaning, analyzed the humanitarian freedom, equality, fraternity in depth associated with Christ culture and Christ spirit. In his opinion, political issues and >God< belief were inseparable, >God< and >destiny< were beyond humanity. Only standing on the height of the faith, can really hit the mark, to find a way out. The fifth chapter is entitled >belief because of invisibility – Shi Tiesheng’s concept of God (a)<. He expressed his understanding of faith based on the concept of God. His belief aroused our thinking mainly from two aspects: One is the epistemology, he stressed >belief because of invisibility<, which emphasized the irrational characteristics of faith, which this chapter is to elaborate. The other stress¬sed the eternal distance between human and God, which is discussed in the next chapter. In Shi Tiesheng’s works, there were always two kinds of God: one is the creator, the other is a savior. The creator appeared in the early stage, and in the later period, the image and spiritual of savior was particularly emphasized. This embodied his personal appreciation to Christian spirit and Christian culture. Based on Christian tritheism, Shi Tiesheng realized that the creator’s kindness behind indif-ference through saviors, so to find the human’s freedom in the fettered destiny. And thus he expound¬ded the meaning of faith. But the existence of God which is also called the ontology of the God cannot be avoided, but did not cause Shi Tiesheng special attention. He simply pointed out that the original meaning of faith was >belief because of invisibility<. Because faith is the confidence and belief of human, once it is empirical, there would be no faith. At the same time, the limited rationality also ma¬kes it impossible to demonstrate faith. In his works, God is presented through the pro and con ideas: the pro thinking is, by the limited knowledge of human, the infinite is realized. And this infinite being, refers to God. The reverse thinking is based on the significance of salvation that he stressed the ne¬cessity and value of the existence of God. But the two ideas only set up the possibility of the exis¬tence of God and God’s value, thus did not yet established its authenticity. However, it is not to establish the truth of God in mind, some people cannot really approach the belief in God. But it cannot be proved the authenticity of God, inspired by the modern Christian thinker John Hick, we transform the soundness of inference about the existence of God to the study of the rationality about the faith of God of Shi Tiesheng. In this study, we saw an expanded experience and rational category. It is in this broad sense and experience, Shi Tiesheng’s belief in God has rationality, also provides enlightenment for us to approach God faith. The sixth chapter is entitled >The hypothesis of distance between human and God – Shi Tiesheng’s view of God (b)<. Including the objective understanding of limited manpower, it is more mainly based on the understanding on the evil of human nature and China’s history, culture and reality. Shi Tiesheng, in the sense of salvation, highlighted the eternal distance between human and God. The distance between human and God is specifically embodied in the contrast, between the limited human power, human nature, human intelligence and the Go d Almighty, absolute perfection and goodness. Shi Tiesheng pointed out that >the hypothesis of distance between human and God< was the answer found from >The Truth on The Cross< of Liu Xiaofeng. His thought was indeed associated Carle Barth’s thought Liu Xiaofeng extremely respected. But with the comparison of Carle Barth can be found that, Carle Barth’s extreme isolation theory belittled human infinitely, completely dismantled human subjectivity. Shi Tiesheng set up the dialectic of human’s freedom through the dialectical discussion about Limited (person) and infinite (God) under the >The hypothesis of distance between human and God< At the same time, based on the social reality, we compares Shi Tiesheng’s >The hypothesis of distance between human and God< with Berdyaev’s individual personality freedom as the core idea, and think about such question: which is the root cause of the problem, the totalitarian culture or the person’s servility consciousness? At last, we put forward further thinking on that Shi Tiesheng is an atheist or a pantheistic on atheistic sense. From the perspective of epistemology, we cannot make accurate judgments whether Shi Tiesheng believed in God, but based on the per¬spective of redemption, and his own clear interpretation, we could give Shi Tiesheng an accurate name. He was a believer on religious spirit, which is also the consensus of scholars. An d we outline his religious spirit from five aspects. The supplement is Shi Tiesheng’s Buddhist ideas, and his exploration about the belief is in contrast between the Christian and Buddhism, but the latter is often to be used as counterexamples. But in general, Buddhism criticized by Shi Tiesheng is not the Buddhism in original sense, but a secular, utilitarian folk belief, thus his criticism of Buddhism is unfair, which is necessary to point out. According to Shi Tiesheng’s treatment logic, this chapter should be put in the two chapters about God, but will destroy the logic and the balance of the structure of those two chapters, so it is put as a supplement. According to Shi Tiesheng’s conception of belief, he critiqued Buddhism’s rationalism, utility and the conception of >extinguishing desires<. However, in his works, we can see the connection between his spirit and Mahayana Buddhism, and Shi Tiesheng ever clearly expressed his admiration to Mahayana Buddhism. From the perspective of Mahayana Buddhism, we can achieve the active understanding of Buddhism, which can responds to Shi Tiesheng questions on Buddhism. The conclusion is titled >unfinished – literary writing on thoughts<. This chapter mainly focused on the relationship between thoughts and literary writing. In contrast to Kundera and Dostojevskij, this chapter points out that Shi Tiesheng’s artistic exploration is still unfinished in how to better deal with the relationship between thoughts and literary writing, and we should continue to think about this issue. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Di, Zhijuan A1 - Cheng, Dezhong T1 - Lu Jiuyuan’s Ideas in View of Fromm’s Ego Doctrine [从弗洛姆关于自我的学说看陆九渊的心学思想] JF - Journal of Tonghua Normal University [通化师范学院学报], No. 11 (2015), pp. 102-105. N2 - 陆九渊的心学思想建立在人性论基础上,对弘扬人的自我意识和道德主体精神,具有一定的进步意义。但从心理学家弗洛姆的相关学说来看,陆九渊的心学思想具有明显的极权主义性质。首先,从陆九渊心学思想的性质和内容来看,其宣扬的人性只是反映特定阶层的规范和利益,而不是通过客观的探索得出的。其次,从陆九渊心学实现自我的途径来看,它不是通过人自主的理性判断,而是通过对圣贤师训的皈依来实现的。因此,陆九渊的心学与其说是诉诸自己的良知,不如说是乞灵于天启神命、古代圣贤、国家命令、习俗传统等各种形式的权威,具有明显的极权主义性质。再次,陆九渊心学主张所要实现的最终目的,不是发展人的真实自我,而是>欲明明德于天下<,是要人担负起道德的重任,成为维护封建秩序的驯良工具,这些都是与人本主义伦理观背道而驰的。 N2 - Lu Jiuyuan Ideas built on the basis of human nature, in the promotion of human self-awareness and spiritual moral subject has definite progress. But psychologist Erich Fromm relevant doctrine, the heart Thoughts of Lu Jiuyuan obvious totalitarian nature. First, the nature and content of Lu Jiuyuan's Thoughts of view, it is only human nature to promote the norms and reflect the interests of a particular class, rather than by objective exploration derived. Secondly, Lu Jiuyuan learn ways to achieve self-view, it is not independent of man through rational judgment, but through the sage teacher training converts to achieve. Therefore, Lu Jiuyuan science is not so much to resort to their own conscience, as it is the revelation of God resort to life, the ancient sages, national command, customs and other traditional forms of authority, with obvious totalitarian nature. Again, the ultimate goal Jiuyuan Mind and claim to be achieved, not the development of the true self, but >want to put the family in the world<, that men should take moral responsibility, become a docile tool to maintain the feudal order, and these are Humanistic ethics contrary. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ceng, Wei T1 - An Approach of Meticulous Investigation and an Accomplishment of Valuable Guide: A Review of Fang Xingfu’s Monograph Salvation Beyond Illusion——On the Hominology of Erich Fromm and Literature 抽丝剥茧的方法与引水入渠的思路——方幸福著《幻想彼岸的救赎——弗洛姆人学思想与文学》述评][application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Foreign Language and Literature Research [外国语文研究], No. 5 (2015), pp. 102-105. N2 - 方幸福教授的新著《幻想彼岸的救赎——弗洛姆人学思想与文学》对现代西方思想家埃里希•弗洛姆丰富而庞杂的人学思想理论进行了全面、系统、清晰的梳理,不仅勾勒出其与弗洛伊德、马克思思想的承继与发展的关系,还从现象、原因、途径三个层面细致探讨了弗洛姆如何认识资本主义社会中人的异化,如何积极探寻解决之道,使人完成“自我的救赎”。著作援引大量文学作品作为佐证,使分析更生动,也更具说服力。这部著作可以说是读者了解、把握弗洛姆人学思想的优秀指南。 N2 - The newly published book Salvation beyond Illusion – On the Hominology of Erich Fromm and Literature (2014) by Professor Fang Xingfu makes a clear, but comprehensive and systematic survey of modern American thinker Erich Fromm’s complicated theory of Hominology. It sketches the relationship of Fromm’s theory with those of Sigmund Freud and Karl Marx, and makes a meticulous exploration of Fromm’s study on alienation of human beings in modern western society from 3 aspects – phenomena, causes and solutions. In his monograph, the author cites numerous literary works to demonstrate the potentially interactive relationship between Fromm’s theory and literature. The book is a valuable guide for readers to a better understanding of Erich Fromm’s theory of Hominology. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhou, Qijie A1 - Wang, Jinwan T1 - On Fromm’s Psychological Critique of the Overall Dialectic Thinking [论弗洛姆心理批判的总体辩证法思想] JF - Journal of Northeast Agricultural University (Social Science Edition) [东北农业大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 3 (2015), pp. 92-96. N2 - 弗洛姆将马克思社会历史观和弗洛伊德精神分析学说进行整合,认为人的心理和情感不仅来源于个人的本能需要,还来源于人类存在的具体条件与外部环境。并试图通过人的社会结构和心理结构的双重变革,提出健全社会的构想。本文运用总体辩证法原则,剖析弗洛姆人道主义的心理与人格,并对西方资本主义社会的本位异化展开揭露与批判,期望社会达到人与自身、人与人、人与社会的真正统一。 N2 - Fromm Marx social history and Freud integrate theory that the psychological and emotional needs not only from individual instinct, but also from specific conditions of human existence and the external environment. And trying to change people through dual social structure and psychological structure, proposed the idea of a sound society. In this paper, the general principles of dialectics, analysis Fromm humanitarian psychology and personality, and the Western capitalist society based alienation expand to expose and criticize, it is desirable to reach people with their own society, people, people and society truly unified. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhao, Yu T1 - Patriarchal Disillusionment of Maternal Desire – Alternative Interpretation of >1984< [母爱的渴求 父权的幻灭——对《1984》的另类解读] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Suihua University [绥化学院学报], No. 2 (2015), pp. 66-68. N2 - 在《1984》中,乔治•奥威尔通过一个被压扁的小人物温斯顿,揭示了反乌托邦这个沉重的话题。本文根据弗洛姆>爱的理论<和拉康的>三界说<,试图分析这个在社会夹缝中挣扎的小人物温斯顿内心的迷茫和对家庭的渴求,以及最终梦想幻灭的过程,认为温斯顿与朱莉娅的感情是另类的恋母情结的体现,而奥布莱恩对他的折磨本质是在实施>父亲之名<。 N2 - In >1984<, George Orwell was squashed by a little Winston reveals dystopian this heavy topic. According to Fromm >love theory< and Lacan's >Three Realms says<, trying to analyze this struggling little people in society caught in Winston inner confusion and longing for the family, and, ultimately, the process of disillusionment that the temperature Aniston and Julia's feelings are reflected in the Oedipus complex alternative, but the nature of O'Brien tortured him in the implementation of >name of the Father<. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Zhang, Tianxia T1 - Humanity Harmony: Beyond Alienation Way – Interpretation of Fromm Sound Social Programs [人性和谐:超越异化之途——对弗洛姆健全社会方案的解读] JF - Journal of Tianjin Sino-German Vocational Technical College [天津中德职业技术学院学报], No. 3 (2015), pp. 73-75. N2 - 文章围绕弗洛姆所设想的健全社会方案,对弗洛姆的健全社会思想进行系统梳理,如构建健全社会的必然性与迫切性,建立健全社会的内容和途径,指出他所说的>人道主义的社会主义<对资本主义异化境况进行了批判,是清醒而深刻的,但是他的健全社会的设想是一种虚幻的>现代乌托邦<,以>爱<和>性格构造<等来改造社会也是一种不切实际的空想。 N2 - Article about the envisaged Fromm sound social programs to improve the social thought Fromm systematically sort, such as to build a sound social inevitability and urgency of establishing a sound social content and approach, pointing out what he said >humanitarian socialism< capitalist alienation situation was critical, it is sober and profound, but his vision of the perfect society is an illusory >Modern Utopia<, >love< and >personality structure< and other to transform society is an unrealistic fantasy. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yuan, Yang T1 - Research of Alienation from Fromm >Healthy Society< [从弗洛姆的《健全的社会》研究异化问题] JF - Data of Culture and Education [文教资料], No. 3 (2015), pp. 42-43. N2 - 弗洛姆在《健全的社会》一书中,从人本主义立场分析了现代资本主义社会的异化问题。社会上方方面面的异化现象造成了人的异化,人丧失了他的主体性,没有了自我感。他的所思、所感都是受控于被他创造出来的物,他与物、自我和他的同胞都是疏离的,于是感到自己孑然一身,他感到孤独、空虚、缺乏安全感。所以,他选择投靠一股强有力的力量,趋向一致、求同,使自己淹没在这个群体的洪流中,以期获得归属感。所以,他顺从权威,对消费需要的不受挫来取乐,满足他的空虚、寂寥。弗洛姆认为这种异化的社会性格是在资本主义病态和不健全社会下形成的。于是,他认为要解决这种异化问题,就要构建一个健全的社会。 N2 - Fromm in >healthy society<, a book, from the standpoint of humanism analyzed alienation of modern capitalist society. On the social aspects of the alienation caused the alienation of people, who lost his subjectivity, there is no sense of self. His thoughts, and feelings are controlled by his created things, and things that he, and his fellow self is alienated, so feel alone in the world, he felt lonely, empty, insecure. So, he chose to take refuge in a surge of powerful forces, trends consistent with seeking to make themselves drowning in a flood of this group in order to obtain a sense of belonging. So, he obey authority on consumer needs are not frustrated to have fun, meet his emptiness, loneliness. Fromm think this character is social alienation under capitalism morbidity and inadequate social formation. So he thought to solve this problem of alienation, it is necessary to build a healthy society.] [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yuan, Yang T1 - On the Paradox of Freedom in Modern Society – Fromm’s >Escape from Freedom< Impressions [略论现代社会自由的悖论——弗罗姆《逃避自由》有感] JF - Data of Culture and Education [文教资料], No. 4 (2015), pp. 43-44. N2 - 自由和解放是哲学永久的命题,哲学家们对现代一切问题的批判诸如资本逻辑、技术理性、人的物化、异化现象乃至对女权主义的宣扬都体现了对人的自由和解放的追求。从古至今,自由都是人类永恒的追求,>不自由,毋宁死<,>生命诚宝贵,爱情价更高;若为自由故,二者皆可抛<,更是把自由看做比生命和爱情还要珍贵和重要的东西。然而人类在追求自由的过程中,却发现自己更孤独和不安全,于是他们选择逃避自由,要么屈从权威,要么贪求权力,以期获得安全感。弗洛姆通过对这自由之悖论的分析,提出自发地爱和工作这一途径,以实现真正的自由即积极的自由。 N2 - Freedom and emancipation is philosophy permanent proposition, everything modern philosophers such as criticism of the logic of capital, technical rationality, people materialized, alienation and even aired on feminism are reflected on the people's freedom and pursuit of liberation. From ancient times, freedom is the eternal pursuit of mankind, >not free, or give me death<, >Life is precious, and love even more; if it is free, both can throw<, freedom has even seen as larger than life and love is more precious and important things. However, in the pursuit of human freedom in the process, they found themselves more lonely and insecure, so they chose to escape from freedom, or succumb to the authority, or lust for power, in order to obtain a sense of security. Fromm through this paradox of freedom on the analysis of spontaneous love and work in this way in order to achieve true freedom that is positive freedom. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Yang T1 - Development and Enlightenment of the Theory of Alienation – Alienation Based on Ideas of Marx, Lukács, and Fromm [异化理论的发展及启示——基于马克思、卢卡奇、弗洛姆的异化思想考察] JF - Journal of Karamay [克拉玛依学刊], No. 1 (2015), pp. 47-51. N2 - 异化是一个有着悠久历史的理论范畴,自马克思提出劳动异化理论后,对后世产生了深远的影响。卢卡奇继承了马克思的思想,提出了物化理论,批判资本主义异化现象。弗洛姆则将马克思主义与弗洛伊德心理分析相结合,从文化工业影响的角度描述异化现象。三位学者的异化理论虽然侧重点有所不同,但都关注社会中人的生存问题。 N2 - alienation has a long history of theoretical categories, since the labor theory of alienation Marx, on the later had a profound impact. Lukacs inherited Marx's ideas, put forward the theory materialized, critique of capitalism alienation. Fromm then Marxism and Freudian psychoanalysis combined describe alienation from the perspective of the impact of the culture industry. Although the theory of alienation three scholars focus is different, but are concerned about the survival of human society. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Guangjin A1 - Chen, Zhaoyang T1 - The Love Concept of College Students from a Survey [从一个调查看大学生的爱情观] JF - Popular Psychology [大众心理学, ] No. 8 ( 2015 (08), pp. 40-41. N2 - 随着经济和社会的发展,我们经常能在网络和现实生活中看到这样的场景:在爱情中,你爱我就必须服从我;爱情就像游戏,玩完这局还有下一局在等着。这些凸显了现代社会中一部分人对爱情的本质缺乏正确的认识。一般情况下,爱情是进入婚姻殿堂的必经之路,以爱情为基础的婚姻往往会是幸福的。那么,作为常被人讨论和关注的爱情到底是什么呢?对于这个问题,众说纷纭。早在1970年罗宾认为:爱情是个体对待特定他人持有的一种态度,包括更加思念对方,希望和对方身体接触,以及特定的行为举止,它有3种成份,即亲密依赖需求,帮助倾向,排他性和占有性倾 N2 - With the development of economy and society, we often see such a scene in the network and in real life: in love, you love me you must obey me; love is like the game comes to an end This bureau also waiting for the next round. These highlight some of the people in modern society the nature of the lack of proper understanding of love. Under normal circumstances, love is the only way to enter the marriage, based on love marriages tend to be happy. So, talking about love in the end, as people often what is it? For this problem, different opinions. As early as 1970 Robin said: Love is an attitude held by a particular individual to treat others, including more miss each other, hope and other physical contact, as well as specific behavior, it has three kinds of ingredients, namely close dependence needs help tendencies, exclusivity and possession of dumping. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yang, Dongmei T1 - Consumer Issues among Students in Fromm's View of Consumer Alienation 于弗洛姆消费异化视角的大学生消费问题探析] JF - Journal of Yangzhou University (Higher Education Study Edition) [扬州大学学报(高教研究版)], No. 2 (2015), pp. 84-87. N2 - 弗洛姆在《健全的社会》一书中,从获取物品、使用物品及消费物品三个方面系统论述了消费异化,进而提出要建立>人道主义的公有社会制<和树立>人道、健康的消费<以扬弃消费异化。弗洛姆的消费异化理论是针对西方资本主义社会病态消费而产生的,但他关注的异化消费现象在我国当代大学生中也广泛存在。当代大学生作为一个特殊的消费群体,也存在着人情消费过多、炫耀性消费、盲目消费、奢侈消费等消费异化问题。要解决这一问题,需从大学生个人、家庭、学校、社会和政府五个方面形成合力,以指导大学生消费向理性、健康方向发展。 N2 - Fromm in >healthy society<, a book, from obtaining items, use items and consumer goods discusses three aspects of the system of consumer alienation, and then proposed to establish a >humanitarian public social system< and to establish >humane, healthy consumption< to abandon the consumer alienation. Fromm's theory of alienation consumption for Western capitalist social ills arising from consumption, but he was concerned about the alienation of contemporary college students consumption phenomenon is also widespread. College Students as a special consumer groups, there are too many human consumption, conspicuous consumption, mindless consumption, luxury consumption and other consumer alienation. To solve this problem, you need individual students, families, schools, society and government together to form a five to guide college students to rational consumption, healthy direction. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yan, Shuaixian A1 - Wang, Mingxu T1 - People Learn from Fromm Theory – Cadets Psychological Adjustment Problems as an Example [从弗洛姆人学理论看军校新学员心理适应问题] JF - Spiritual Leaders [赤子(上中旬)], No. 1 (2015), p. 108. N2 - 弗洛姆对人学理论的研究,是在弗洛伊德精神分析学和马克思有关人的学说基础上形成,集中地体现了人是社会属性的最好反馈:即人在社会中的特征、社会对人的影响、回报社会的途径。本文选取军校新学员这一特殊主体,以历史唯物主义的角度围绕人的社会属性,从新学员成长环境、价值观念、个体欲望、个体能力等方面,对其心理适应问题展开分析,帮助其尽快找寻调整心态的方法。 N2 - Study on human Fromm's theory, is formed in the Freudian psychoanalysis and theories about people on the basis of Marxism, concentrated expression of the people is the best feedback social attributes: the people community features, the impact on human society and social returns way. This paper selects the Cadets this particular subject, with the perspective of historical materialism around the social attributes, new aspects of student growth environment, values, individual desire and individual capacity, to analyze their psychological adjustment problems, help them find as soon as possible attitude adjustment method. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Yanlan T1 - >The Survival< and >Re-occupy< two Ways of Life of the Race – The Movie >Leap Madhouse< New Discovery [>重生存<与>重占有<两种生活方式的角逐—电影《飞跃疯人院》主题新探] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Education Modernization (教育现代化), No. 3 (2015), pp. 73-77. N2 - 电影《飞跃疯人院》是 70 年代的一部经典影片,过去 40 多年来,人们无外乎用福柯的《疯癫与文明》一书中的理论以及从认知角度探讨《飞跃疯人院》中的概念隐喻来诠释影片的主题。而本文试图从一个全新的视角,用弗洛姆在《占有还是生存》一书中关于>重生存<还是>重占有<生活方式的理论来诠释影片《飞跃疯人院》的主题。通过>重生存<者麦克墨非与>重占有<者瑞秋护士的激烈角逐,揭示了在这两种生活方式的角逐中,最后的胜利者必然是>重生存<的生活方式的深刻的主题。 N2 - Movie >Leap Madhouse< is a classic film of the 1970s , the past 40 years, people from a cognitive point of view is nothing less than to explore with Foucault's >Madness and Civilization<, a book of theory and the >leap madhouse< in the conceptual metaphors to explain the film's theme. The article attempts from a new perspective, with Fromm in >possession or Survival<, a book about the >re-living< or >re-occupy< lifestyle theory to explain the film >leap madhouse< theme. By >re-living< by Mike Murphy, and >re-possession< by Rachel nurse of intense competition, revealed in both lifestyle competition, the final winner must be >re-living< way of life profound theme. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Wanglei A1 - Wei, Rong T1 - Disadvantaged Groups and Corrective Attitude Attribution – Based on Fromm’s Thought [群体性弱势心态归因及矫正研究——基于弗洛姆人学思想] JF - Journal of Mudanjiang University [牡丹江大学学报], No. 4 (2015), pp. 104-106. N2 - 群体性弱势心态是由于个体自身心理和社会因素在社会群体中产生的相对弱势、自卑的心态。弱势心态的蔓延是一种心理风险,容易引发一系列群体性事件,泛化的弱势心态是发展中的中国值得警惕的社会问题。早在二十世纪,弗洛姆以人性为出发点,批判了资本主义社会繁荣背后人的心理失衡现象,强调精神健康与社会发展的相互影响机制,并提出解决问题的办法:健全的社会才能实现人的全面发展。弗洛姆的这些思想对我国矫正群体性弱势心态具有借鉴和启示意义。 N2 - Mass mentality is relatively weak because of weak individual's own psychological and social factors resulting in social groups, the inferiority of mind. Spread weak mentality is a psychological risk, easily lead to a series of mass incidents, the generalization of the weak development of the Chinese mentality is alarming social problems. Early in the twentieth century, Fromm to humanity as a starting point, criticized the capitalist society behind the prosperity of the psychological imbalance, emphasizing the interaction mechanism of mental health and social development, and propose solutions to the problem: in order to achieve healthy society round human development. Fromm these ideas have reference and enlightenment for our corrective vulnerable groups of mentality. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Ting T1 - Practical Value of Fromm’s Theory of Consumption Alienation [弗洛姆消费异化理论的现实价值] JF - Journal of Xinyang College of Agriculture and Forestry [信阳农林学院学报], No. 3 (2015), pp. 18-19, 28. N2 - 准确理解弗洛姆的消费异化理论对分析、解决我国消费领域存在的过度消费、享乐消费等问题,推进和谐社会建设具有重要的现实意义。 N2 - Accurate understanding of Fromm's theory of alienation consumption analysis, consumption of excessive consumption resolve exists, hedonic consumption and other issues, promote a harmonious society has important practical significance. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Xu, Ting T1 - Fromm’s Consumption Alienation [弗洛姆消费异化论] JF - Legal System and Society [法制与社会], No. 16 (2015), pp. 277-278. N2 - 消费异化思想是弗洛姆异化思想的重要组成部分。弗洛姆通过对资本主义社会消费现象的分析,指出现代资本主义社会就是个消费异化的社会,人们的消费行为不再以自身的现实需求为目的,一定意义上消费仅仅是为了显示自己的存在,消费的本质发生了异化,消费不再是手段而成为目的。准确理解弗洛姆的消费异化理论,对认识我国现代社会中的消费现象,关注人的内在精神需求,解决实际现实问题,推动社会主义现代化建设具有重要的意义。 N2 - Consumption alienation is an important part of Fromm’s thought. Fromm capitalist society consumption by analysis of the phenomenon, pointed out that modern capitalist society is a consumer alienation of society, people's consumption behavior is no longer to their own practical needs for the purpose, a sense of consumer simply to show their presence the nature of the occurrence of the alienation consumption, consumption is no longer a means but an end in. Fromm accurate understanding of consumer alienation theory, our understanding of consumer behavior in modern society, people focus on the inner spiritual needs, solve practical reality, promoting the socialist modernization of great significance. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wu, Xinghua T1 - Fromm’s Human Nature Reflections on the Relationship between Man and Nature [弗洛姆对人与自然关系的人性论反思] JF - Journal of Jishou University (Social Sciences Edition) [吉首大学学报(社会科学版)], No. 1 (2015), pp. 23-28. N2 - 在弗洛姆看来,人的自然性决定了人对于自然的依赖,然而人又始终是社会的产物,人的社会性决定了人为了自由而必然走出自然.由于现代人在追求自由的过程中将自然视为自由的障碍物,从而对自然进行征服和改造,最终导致自然的异化.然而,人与自然之间尽管存在着矛盾性,但并不必然导致人与自然的冲突.当今频繁爆发生态危机的根源不在于人与自然的矛盾,而在于不健全社会培养的不健全之人,因而要克服生态危机,使人与自然关系走向和谐就必须造就健全的人. N2 - In Fromm's view, human nature determines the nature of people to rely on, but who has always been a product of society, human society determines the person out of natural necessity for freedom. Because of the modern in the course of the pursuit of freedom in nature as freely obstacles, and thus natural conquest and transformation, resulting in a natural alienation. However, despite the existence of conflicts between man and nature, but does not necessarily lead to man and nature the conflict erupted frequently the root causes of today's ecological crisis is not the contradiction between man and nature, but that does not sound perfect social culture of the people, and thus to overcome the ecological crisis, the relationship between human beings and nature must be created to harmony sound man. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wen, Rui T1 - The Exploration of Jaspers’ Concept of Freedom (2015) [雅斯贝尔斯自由观探究], Master thesis, Foreign Philosophy, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2015. N2 - 雅斯贝尔斯是著名的存在主义哲学家,存在主义的奠基人。他的全部哲学理论,都是基于对深陷于战乱与现代科技文明之中的人,以及对人们所遭遇的精神危机与生存困境的密切关注和深刻反思。>自由<被他视为理论中最核心的概念而贯穿于哲学思想的始终,可以说,其全部哲学体系都是对自由的阐释。无论是最初对存在与生存内涵的论述,还是对罪责、交往、信仰与真理本质的探究,乃至最终对超越存在的追问等,实际上,都是在不同层面与角度上对自由意义的揭示。因而,对雅斯贝尔斯>自由观<的把握,将有助于更全面而深刻的理解其存在主义哲学思想。雅斯贝尔斯哲学的独到之处就在于,其将>自由<理念置于人之现实存在的核心,从而揭示出存在的意义与价值:人之现实存在的意义在于生存,而生存的本质与价值则在于自由;生命历程因自由才能得以完整展现与升华。他的自由观既是其以纯哲学语言发出的,>注重人之生存,呼唤人之自由<的呐喊;亦是对人们心灵深处之渴望自由、追求自由的集中反映与真实写照。本文主要分为四个部分:第一部分简要阐述了雅斯贝尔斯自由观形成的主要理论渊源,包括康德的理性自由观、尼采的意志自由论、克尔凯郭尔的存在自由论,以及海德格尔的基础存在论,其对雅斯贝尔斯自由观的影响,以及雅斯贝尔斯对上述理论的继承与发展。第二部分论述了雅斯贝尔斯的自由观是生存的自由观。通过对生存概念的基本内涵,及其与自由概念的密切关系的分析,揭示出>自由即生存的本质,生存即自由<这一核心思想。论文的第三部分着重分析了其自由观的重要内涵,主要是从自由与超越者、自由与罪责、自由与交往,以及自由与信仰四个方面作以系统的分析与阐述。第四部分客观评价和反思了雅斯贝尔斯自由观的理论贡献、哲学影响与思想倾向。其理论的贡献之处在于对人之生存意义的揭示与时代精神危机的反思,并对萨特的自由观与弗洛姆的精神分析观产生了重要的理论影响。但由于其理论中对个体自身的过度重视,及其所采用的非理性的思维方式,使得其自由思想中亦不可避免的带有一定的悲观主义倾向。当今的人类社会面临着许多比以往更为严峻的生存问题,对此国内外众多哲学家给予了广泛的关注和反思。雅斯贝尔斯的自由观正是对人之生存意义与价值的独特阐释,他对自由的理解正可为当代社会提供一个值得借鉴与参考的新视角。本文旨在通过对雅斯贝尔斯自由理论的分析,使人们更加深入而全面的理解其理论的本质内涵,从而以一种更为新颖、独特的视角重新审视自由的内涵,反思自我生存意义的本质,更好的从事社会实践活动,以期为化解人类生存危机寻求一条行之有效的解决途径。 N2 - Jaspers is a famous existentialist philosopher, the founder of the existentialism. His whole philosophy theory was based on his close concerns and profound reflections on the spirit crisis and the existential predicament of the people that hadbeen deeply mired in war and modern technological civilization. He regarded >Freedom< as the core concept of the theory and it penetrated into his wholephilosophy from the beginning to the end, it can be said that his whole philosophywas the interpretation of freedom. Actually, no matter it was the initial discussionson the connotation of the existence, or the later explorations on the nature of guilt, communication, belief and truth, or even the questioning of the existence of transcendence, they all can be regarded as the explanations about the significance offreedom in different levels and angles. As a result, the grasp of Jaspers’ concept of >freedom< will contribute to a more comprehensive and profound understanding ofhis existentialist philosophy. Jaspers’ philosophy was unique in his putting the >freedom< concept in thecenter of human existence reality, and revealed the significance and value ofexistence: the meaning of human existence reality was survival, while the nature andvalue of survival was freedom. Because of freedom, the life course can be expressedand sublimated completely. His concept of freedom was a pure philosophical cry of >Paying attention to people’s survival, calling human freedom<, and it was also aconcentrated and true reflection of people’s deepest desires of pursuing freedom. This artical consists four parts. The first part briefly states the maintheoretical origins of the formation of Jaspers’ concept of freedom, including Kant’s concept of rational freedom, Nietzsche’s libertarianism, Kierkegaard’s theory of existent freedom and Heidegger’s fundamental ontology, how did they influence Jaspers’ concept of freedom, and how did Jaspers inherit and develop their theories.– The second part dissertates that Jaspers’ concept of freedom is the concept of existent freedom. Through the analysis of the existence concept’s basic connotation and itsclose relationship with the freedom concept, we reveal the core idea, that is >The essence of existence is freedom, existence is freedom<.– The third part analyzes theimportant connotations of Jaspers’ concept of freedom, the analyses and statementsare made from the following four aspects, including freedom and transcendence, freedom and guilt, freedom and communication, as well as freedom and belief.– The fourth and last part evaluates objectively on the theoretical contributions and influences of Jaspers’ concept of freedom, and rethinks impersonally on the tendency of his theory. His theory had made tremendous contributions to revealing the significance of human existence and rethinking the age’s spiritual crisis, and it also had made important theoretical influences on Sartre’s concept of freedom and Fromm’s concept of spiritual analysis. But his theory excessively emphasized on the individuals, which made his concept of freedom had an inevitable tendency to pessimism. Nowadays, our human society is facing a lot of more serious problems ofexistence than before, many domestic and overseas philosophers have given extensive concerns and introspection on the situation, while Jaspers’ concept offreedom is just the unique explanation of the significant and value of human existence, as a result, his understanding of freedom undoubtedly can provide our contemporary society with a new and useful perspective. The purposes of this article are that through the analysis of Jaspers’ theory of freedom, can make people have anintensive and comprehensive understanding of the essence of his theory connotation, re-examine the connotation of freedom and the essence of self existent significancein a more novel and unique perspective, and perform better in social practice, whilebenefit from which, our aspirations to find an effective solution for resolving thecrisis of human existence may realize eventually. Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Yifan T1 - The Marx Doctrine and the Relatively Developed Capitalist Society [西方马克思主义与相对发达的资本主义社会现实] JF - Journal of Hainan Radio & TV University [海南广播电视大学学报], No. 1 (2015), pp. 37-41. N2 - 西方马克思主义是当代资本主义世界产生的一股有着重大影响的社会思潮。这股思潮由卢卡奇、柯尔施、葛兰西等人首倡,后为萨特、马尔库塞、弗罗姆、阿尔都塞等在不同时代、不同方面予以继承和发展。西方马克思主义产生、发展乃至最后转向,无一不是与相对发达的资本主义社会所发生一系列巨大变化紧密联系在一起的。 N2 - Western Marxism is a surge of social thought, which has a major impact on the contemporary capitalist world. This social thought was? invented by Lukács, Korsch, Gramsci, and inherited and developed by Jean Paul Sartre, Herbert Marcuse, Erich Fromm, Louis Pierre Althusser, etc. in different times and from different aspects. The formation, development and even the last turn of the Western Marxism, all are closely linked together with a series of dramatic changes that occurred in the relatively developed capitalist society. [author’s translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Xiaowei T1 - Alice Monroe’s Short story >Escape< – Interpretation in Accordance to Fromm [爱丽丝•门罗短篇小说《逃离》的弗洛姆式解读] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - The Journal of Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University [山东农业工程学院学报], No. 1 (2015), pp. 146-148. N2 - 本文拟从弗洛姆逃避自由理论的角度出发,通过分析爱丽丝•门罗短篇小说《逃离》中主人公卡拉两次逃离的心路历程,从心理分析层面上剖析她逃离丈夫后又主动回归家庭的本质原因,以揭示女性在反抗父权制传统及追求个人独立自由方面所遭遇的困境。 N2 - This paper from the perspective of liberal theory Fromm escape departure, by analyzing Alice Monroe short story >escape< the hero twice fled Kara spiritual path, from the analysis of the psychological level of analysis after her husband fled took the initiative to return to the essence of family reasons, to reveal the plight of women against patriarchal traditions and the pursuit of personal freedom independence encountered. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Songping T1 - The Most Prominent Feature of the Theoretical System of Fromm [弗洛姆理论体系的最大特色] JF - Technology Wind [科技风], No. 17 (2015), p. 238. N2 - 积极意义上的调和是弗洛姆理论体系的最大特色,他对马克思与弗洛伊德学说的某种调和就是最典型的例子。一切包含作为全球性人的哲学的人道主义”内核的思想,都成了他进行理论调和的对象。这种调和是为他的和谐社会思想服务的。 N2 - The positive sense of harmony is the most prominent feature of Fromm's theoretical system, he Marx and Freud for a certain harmony is the most typical example. All with >as a global humanitarian philosophy of man< core ideology, it has become the object of his theory to reconcile. This harmony is the harmonious social thought his services. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wang, Songping T1 - Fromm’s Teleological Analysis of Harmonious Society [弗洛姆对和谐社会的目的论解析] JF - New West (Theory Edition) [新西部(理论版)], No. 15 (2015), pp. 166, 164. N2 - 文章解析了美籍德国犹太人本主义哲学家和精神分析心理学家弗洛姆社会和谐理论。弗洛姆把人类社会最终将达到新的和谐的思想上升到了目的论的高度。在他看来,对于个体的人而言,充分发挥人的力量以达到与自己的同类以及同自然界的最终的新的和谐正是人的最终目标;对于整体的人而言,在失去了原始的和谐之后,人与人、人与自然之间的新的和谐是人类社会的最终归属。 N2 - Article resolve the Jews of the German-American philosopher and psychologist Erich Fromm psychoanalytic theory of social harmony. Fromm human society will eventually reach a new harmony of thought rose to the height of teleology. In his view, for individual people, give full play to the strength to achieve their own kind and, ultimately, the ultimate goal of the new harmony with nature is the people; for the whole people, in losing the original after harmony, people, new harmony between man and nature is the ultimate ownership of human society. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sui, Xinshu T1 - The Ideology Criticism Theory of Fromm [弗洛姆意识形态批判理论研究], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2015. [application of Fromm's theories to art] N2 - >意识形态<一直以来是一个较难把握的概念,马克思对于德意志意识形态的批判掀起了意识形态研究的热潮,到了西方马克思主义那里,意识形态更是被赋予了更为强大的力量。埃里西•弗洛姆是西方马克思主义中法兰克福学派的代表人物之一,也是新弗洛伊德主义的创始人。作为一个有着丰富的精神分析学研究和心理诊疗临床经验的人本主义哲学家,他在马克思意识形态批判理论的基础上,从社会心理学这个独特的视角来研究意识形态,详细分析了意识形态形成以及运行的过程。其中,>社会性格<和>社会无意识<两个概念的引入,是其最主要的理论贡献。弗洛姆通过这两个概念,不仅说明了意识形态是如何形成的,同时也阐明了经济基础与意识形态之间相互作用的关系。这不仅为我们认识意识形态、研究意识形态提供了新的思路,同时也对我们当代社会主义建设具有重要的启示意义。本文在导论中将简单介绍弗洛姆的生平,说明选题缘由、国内外研究状况,以及研究思路。具体论述将分为四章,第一章阐述弗洛姆意识形态批判理论的缘起,通过>意识形态<的词源解释,以及马克思意识形态批判理论的发展,来阐述弗洛姆意识形态批判理论形成的基础。第二章详细论述弗洛姆的意识形态批判理论,主要从意识形态如何通过社会性格和社会无意识建构起来,在意识形态运作过程中的推动力,以及意识形态的功能这三个方面展开论述。第三章阐释弗洛姆意识形态批判的理论目标,即建立一个健全的社会,以及弗洛姆对于如何实现这一目标的构想。最后一章是对于弗洛姆意识形态批判理论的评价,主要是通过评价来发掘其对于我国当代社会主义建设的启示意义,从而更好地实现本次理论研究的价值。 N2 - >Ideology< is always a difficult concept, the critique of German Ideology raised the research upsurge of ideology. Western Marxism thought that the ideology has a more powerful force. Erich Fromm is one of the representatives of the Frankfurt School, and the founder of the new doctrine of Freud. His ideology critical theory is from the perspective of social psychology, to explore the formation and operation of ideology on the basis of Marx’s theory. The most important theoretical contribution of his theory is the introduction of the social character and the social unconscious as the middle part of the economic base and ideology, it also give us a new way of studying ideology, and also have an important enlightenment for our socialist construction. In this paper, the part of introduction includes a brief introduction of Fromm’s life, my reasons for choosing this topic, research status and my research ideas. And my specific discussion will be divided into four chapters, the first chapter describes the origin of the theory of Fromm’s ideology critique, I will explain the etymology of >ideology< and the development of Marxist ideology critical theory. The second chapter discusses the theory of Fromm’s ideology critique, the main contents include how the ideology constructed through social character and social unconscious. The third chapter explains what the goal of Fromm’s theory, and how to achieve this goal. The final chapter is to evaluate the Fromm’s ideology critical theory, mainly to discover its enlightenment for China’s socialist construction, In order to better realize the value of my discussion. Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Song, Dexiao T1 - Western Marxist Critique of the Three Dimensions of Consumer Alienation 西方马克思主义消费异化批判的三个维度解析 JF - Innovation [创新], No. 1 (2015), pp. 42-47, 127. N2 - 对于消费异化的批判,是西方马克思主义社会批判理论的核心理论关切之一。马尔库塞、弗洛姆、巴特、列斐伏尔、鲍德里亚、莱易斯、阿格尔对此均有所涉及,他们结合消费社会批判,分别借由精神分析学、符号学、生态主义等学说入手,从力比多的压抑、社会符号化、生态危机的理论视角,对资本主义社会中的消费异化现象进行了各具风格的理论批判。他们将消费异化批判与各自不同的学术立场结合起来,颇具参考价值和时代性,但也存在过于理想化等问题。 N2 - For consumer alienation critique of Western Marxism theory one of the core concerns of social critique theory. Marcuse, Fromm, Bart, Lefebvre, Baudrillard, Leiss, Agger were involved in this, they are combined with consumer social criticism, respectively, by the psychoanalysis, semiotics, ecology Marxism and other theories start from repressed libido, social, symbolic, theoretical perspective the ecological crisis of the capitalist consumer society alienation were different styles of theoretical criticism. They will consume alienation academic criticism and their different positions together, rather reference value and the times, but there are other issues too idealistic. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Shang, Shijie T1 - Exploration of Fromm's Alienation Theory of Mind [弗洛姆异化心理理论探微] JF - Marxist Philosophical Research [马克思主义哲学研究], No. 1 (2015), pp. 261-268. N2 - >异化<一词经历了从宗教神学、社会学、哲学到心理学的历程,其内涵从最初的人神关系、人与权力的关系、人与劳动的关系,经弗洛姆之手深入到人心与社会的关系。弗洛姆娴熟地结合了精神分析与马克思的理论,运用异化的理论深入透彻地剖析了20世纪资本主义社会人的全面异化,并在宏观上提出了自己的政治、经济、文化改革方案,在微观上援引宗教、艺术与爱的理论对人心的异化开出了救赎之方。 N2 - The word >alienation< has gone from theology, sociology, psychology, philosophy to history, the people of God from the initial relationship between man and power, human and labor relations of its content, by Sigmund Farm hands deep into the heart relationship with the community. Fromm skillfully combines psychoanalysis and Marx's theory, using the theory of alienation in-depth thorough analysis of the 20th century capitalist society fully human alienation, and at the macro put forward their own political, economic and cultural reform programs, in microscopic invoked religion, theory of art and love for the people of alienation out of the salvation of the party.] [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ren, Shuai A1 - Peng, Dan T1 - Lonely Swan Waltz: On Loneliness in >The Garden Book< [孤独的天鹅圆舞曲:论《花园书》中的孤独] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Changchun Education Institute [长春教育学院学报], No. 6 (2015), pp. 26-27. N2 - 弗洛姆在他的孤独理论中提出孤独是基于人的本性之上的哲学范畴。孤独与生俱来,在所有的孤独里,精神上的孤独最可怕,是生命难以承受的痛。屈从、创造性的工作和破坏欲都是逃避孤独的方式。卡斯特罗的《花园书》塑造了承受并以不同方式处理精神孤独的主人公。 N2 - Fromm presented his theory lonely solitude category is based on the philosophy of human nature. Loneliness inherent in all of solitude, spiritual loneliness most terrible, unbearable pain of life. Yield, creative work and destroy the way I want is to escape loneliness. Castro's >Garden Book< Shaping the bear and treated differently spiritual lonely hero. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wenjie, Ou T1 - On the Theme of Alienation in >The Island Pharisees< [论《岛国的法利赛人》的异化主题], Master thesis, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China 2015. [application of Fromm's theories to art] N2 - 约翰•高尔斯华绥是20世纪初期英国现实主义小说家、剧作家。《岛国的法利赛人》是他第一部用真名发表并引起公众关注的带有自传性质的社会小说。作品触及到英国的社会性问题,尤其是处于上层社会的所谓>法利赛人<——道貌岸然的资产阶级绅士、太太、淑女,他们以社会精英自居,自以为社会的中坚与支柱,但本质上却贪婪、自私、虚伪——的生活、情感及心理问题。作品通过描写一个特殊的、异样的、叛逆的>法利赛人<谢尔顿思想上的变化,借以剖析>法利赛<阶级即有产者情感上的自私冷漠,精神上的麻木消沉,以及价值观上的唯利是图,这正是当时英国上层社会的真实写照。谢尔顿是高尔斯华绥在作品中的代言人,他对英国现状进行无情批判与讽刺的同时也作了反思与忏悔。本文用弗洛姆、马尔库塞和马克思的异化理论及卢卡奇的物化理论解读《岛国的法利赛人》中的异化表现,这种异化首先体现在法利赛人的精神世界中,主要表现于爱情与婚姻观念的异化、道德观念的异化以及人生追求与价值观的异化三个方面。其次,外在的社会环境驱使人产生异化,主要从资本主义中上层社会的财产意识、权利意识与等级观念以及功利主义政治经济哲学三个方面对人产生重要影响来展开论述。最后,分析谢尔顿作为一名法利赛阶级>反叛者<的自我反思,通过该形象进而分析高尔斯华绥创作的批判意识,这种批判意识随着资本主义的全面危机与十月社会主义革命的爆发而逐渐减弱,以致到后期创作,则表现出更多人道主义思想与调和主义态度。《岛国的法利赛人》可谓20世纪异化主题小说的先声。主人公谢尔顿在物欲横流、金钱至上的资本主义漩涡中能够重新审视自我,从一个全新的角度重新认知他所属的阶级。所有这些,都充分表现出高尔斯华绥对资本主义社会问题的冷静思考以及强烈的现实批判意识。 N2 - John Galsworthy was an English realist novelist and playwright in the early 20th century. The Island Pharisees, a social novel with autobiographical nature, was John Galsworthy’s first published work with his own name that drew public attention. The work involves the social problems of the U.K., especially life, emotional and psychological problems of the so-called >Pharisees< in the upper class – the hypocritical bourgeois gentleman, madam and lady, who consider themselves as social elites, and the backbone and pillar of the society, but essentially they are greedy, selfish and hypocritical. By describing thought changes of Sheldon, a special and unusual >Pharisee<, the work profoundly analyzed Pharisee class, who were selfish and indifferent in emotion, numb and depressed in spirit and money-oriented in value, which was exactly the true portrayal of upper-class society of England at that time. Sheldon was Galsworthy’s speaker in his work. He ruthlessly criticized and satirized the status of England on the one hand, and on the other hand he made reflection and repentance as well. The thesis applies alienation theory of Fromm, Marcuse and Marx and Lukács’ materialization theory to interpret alienation performances in The Island Pharisees. This kind of alienation firstly was reflected in the spiritual world of Pharisees and mainly showed in three aspects including love and marriage concept, moral concept and life pursuit and values.– Secondly, the external social environment drives people to be alienated. The thesis analyzes three significant influencing aspects including the sense of property and rights in upper-class society in capitalism, sense of hierarchy and political and economic philosophy of utilitarianism.– Finally, the work analyzes the self-reflection of Sheldon as a >rebel< of pharisaic class, and further analyzes the critical consciousness of Galsworthy’s creation through the image. This critical consciousness decreased gradually with the whole crisis of capitalism and the outburst of October Socialist Revolution, so that more humanistic thoughts and conciliatory attitudes were showed in his late works. The Island Pharisees can be described as the first sign of alienation theme novels in the 20th century, The hero Shelton could reexamine himself in a capitalist swirl which was full of material lusts and put money as the first priority and recognized his class from a new point of view, which fully demonstrated John Galsworthy’s calm thinking and strong consciousness of criticizing reality to problems in the capitalist society. Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Qin, Chong T1 - On >X generation< Theme of Alienation [《X一代》的异化主题的初探 ] JF - Journal of Jilin TV & Radio University [吉林广播电视大学学报], No. 9 (2015), pp. 141f. N2 - 作为哲学概念的出现,>异化<一词最早是由唯心主义哲学家黑格尔提出的。后来美国精神分析哲学家埃利希•弗洛姆在马克思的异化理论基础上对异化作了新的定义:>所谓异化就是一种认识的模式,在这种模式中人把自己看作一个陌生人。<本文主要是运用弗洛姆的异化理论从社会环境与人的异化以及人与人的异化两方面分析道格拉斯•库普兰德的《X一代》的异化主题,探索了异化的根源,揭示了资本主义社会物质生活富裕下的社会以及人的异化,造成了安迪、戴戈和克莱尔的自我极端追求,以及他们对所谓的爱情、永恒和家的求索无望,追寻无门的悲剧。 N2 - [As the emergence of philosophical concept of >alienation< The word was first proposed by the idealist philosopher Hegel. Later, American philosopher Erich Fromm psychoanalysis in Marx's theory of alienation on the basis of alienation made new definition: >The so-called alienation is a recognition mode, in this mode of human sees himself as a stranger person.< This paper is the use of Fromm's theory of alienation from the social environment and human alienation and interpersonal alienation Douglas Kupulande analysis of both the >X generation< alienation theme, exploring the roots of alienation, It reveals the social and human alienation of capitalist society under rich material life, resulting in Andy and Claire Dai Ge self extreme pursuit, and their so-called love, eternal and home hopeless quest, search nowhere tragedy. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Xiaoxin A1 - Gao, Xiang T1 - Current Consumption Alienation from the Perspective of Fromm’s Alienation Theory [从弗洛姆异化理论视角分析当前消费异化现象] JF - Industrial & Science Tribune [产业与科技论坛], No. 16, 2015, pp. 6-8. N2 - 弗洛姆认为,现代社会已经变成了一个金钱至上的社会,经济变成了人们生活的主宰,变成了所有劳动者崇拜的偶像。他认为,消费行为本应当包括人的感受、人的身体需要及审美感,我们在消费中是具体的、有感情的、有感觉的、有判断力的人,而消费行为则是一种有意义、有创造性、有人情味的经验。但是在我们现在的文化中,这些因素越来越少。消费成为对于人为激发的幻想的满足,成为一种与我们实在的、具体的自我相疏离的行为。 N2 - Fromm believes that modern society has become a money-oriented society, the economy became the dominate people's lives, became the idol of all workers. In his view, this should include consumer behavior people's feelings, the human body needs and aesthetic sense, we are in the consumer specifically, have feelings, feeling, sensible people, but it is a kind of consumer behavior meaning, creative and experienced human face. But in our culture now, fewer and fewer of these factors. Consumer become artificially stimulate the fantasy meet, become a reality with our specific behavior alienated self phase. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Liu, Guanglin T1 - Fromm’s Love Idea as an Inspiration for Caring the Socialist Core Values [弗洛姆爱的思想对社会主义核心价值观培育的启示] JF - Education Teaching Forum [教育教学论坛 ], No. 10 (2015), pp. 52-53. N2 - 弗洛姆爱的思想与中国当代社会建设相结合,指出了弗洛姆爱的思想对中国当代社会建设的价值,其对社会主义核心价值观培育、对人的全面发展的理论与实践、对现代社会人的爱的思想和行动具有重要借鉴意义。 N2 - Thought Fromm love with contemporary Chinese society combine to point out the value of thinking Fromm love for Chinese contemporary society, the socialist core values training, comprehensive theory of human development and practice, has an important reference for modern society people love thoughts and actions. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Yue T1 - Solitude under the Appearance of Freedom – On the Freedom Dilemma of the Characters in the Novel >1Q84< [自由表象下的孤独——论小说《1Q84》中人物的自由困境] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Writer Magazine [作家], No. 8 (2015), pp. 144-145. N2 - 村上春树的小说《1Q84》,运用>小小人<、>空气蛹<等隐喻,揭示了在社会经济繁荣、生活富裕、高度发达的日本社会当中,关于现代人的自由困境的命题。随着现代社会的高度发展,在追求自由的过程当中,小说的主人公们迷失了自我,感到孤独、无意义和无权利,最终都或多或少地陷入了逃避自由的精神困境当中。本文旨在运用弗洛姆的自由理论,对《1Q84》中所透示出的自由困境的问题进行分析,探讨小说中折射出的日本社会的现实社会及其意义。 N2 - Haruki Murakami's novel >1Q84< uses metaphors such as >little man< and >air pupa< to reveal the propositions about the freedom dilemma of modern people in a prosperous society, rich life, and highly developed Japanese society. With the rapid development of modern society, in the process of pursuing freedom, the protagonists of the novel lose themselves, feel lonely, meaningless, and powerless, and eventually fall into the spiritual dilemma of escaping freedom more or less. This article aims to use Fromm's theory of freedom to analyze the problem of freedom dilemma revealed in >1Q84<, and to explore the reality and significance of Japanese society reflected in the novel. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Yue T1 - On the Characters in the Novel >1Q84<: Escape and Ways out [论小说《1Q84》中人物的逃避与出路] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Language Planning [语文建设], No. 02 (2015), pp. 26-27. N2 - 村上春树的小说《1Q84》反映了在经济快速发展的现代社会中失去精神依托的人们对于>爱<与>沟通<的渴望。本文旨在运用上世纪四十年代弗洛姆的《逃避自由》理论来解读小说中的人物性格结构和心理机制。通过分析逃避自由的三种途径,指出小说中人物深陷自由困境的原因,由此揭示出追求真正的积极自由的途径,即:只有通过>爱<达到与他人畅快的>沟通<,经过自身积极的思考,重新发现自我,才能消除消极自由带给人的孤独感和无权力感,真正摆脱外在权威的控制,打开自由之门。 N2 - Haruki Murakami's novel >1Q84< reflects the desire for >love< and >communication< of people who have lost their spiritual support in the modern society of rapid economic development. The aim of this paper is to apply Fromm's theory of >escaping from freedom< in the 1940s to interpret the character structure and psychological mechanism of the characters in the novel. By analyzing the three ways of escaping from freedom, we point out the reasons why the characters in the novel are trapped in the dilemma of freedom, and thus reveal the way to pursue the real positive freedom, namely: only through >love< can we reach the >communication< with others freely, and through our own positive thinking, It is only by rediscovering oneself that the sense of isolation and powerlessness that comes with negative freedom can be eliminated, that the door to freedom can be opened and that the control of external authorities can be truly freed. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Yuanwei A1 - Geng, Aiying T1 - Two Paradigms of Freedom – Comparison of Fromm’s and Marx's Concepts [两种范式的自由——弗洛姆与马克思的自由观比较] JF - Science & Technology Vision [科技视界], No. 10 (2015), pp. 121, 175. N2 - >自由<是弗洛姆和马克思理论的核心概念,借助这个概念,弗洛姆完成了社会批判理论与精神分析理论的结合。而马克思则是从社会历史发展的角度分析人的自由问题,主要研究焦点是人类如何在社会历史发展中通过改造社会解放自己。弗洛姆>自由<、>异化<的观点虽然是继承了马克思的理论,但是二者在研究角度和关注点等方面也有明显不同。 N2 - >Freedom< is the central concept of both Fromm's and Marx's theories. With this concept, Fromm combines social-critical theory with psychoanalytic theory. Marx, on the other hand, analyzed the question of human freedom from the perspective of socio-historical development, focusing on how human beings emancipate themselves through the transformation of society in the course of socio-historical development. Although Fromm's ideas of >freedom< and >alienation< are inherited from Marx's theory, there are obvious differences between the two in terms of research angle and focus. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Yuanwei T1 - Comparison of the Subconscious, the Collective Unconscious, the Social Subconscious [关于潜意识、集体潜意识、社会潜意识的比较] JF - Science and Technology [科技展望], No. 5 (2015), p. 243. N2 - 潜社会文化环境中,人会产生不同的社会潜意识。三者虽然所指的内容不同,但又有非常密切的联系。意识理论是精神分析学派的支柱性名词,弗洛伊德创造性的指出心理学应该研究人的潜意识,从而将心理学的研究领域由意识转入潜意识。而荣格则又在潜意识的基础上提出集体潜意识的概念,认为集体潜意识是人类所共有的,不同社会文化和种族的人群中集体潜意识差异较小。而弗洛姆则在研究社会文化的基础上提出社会潜意识,认为不同的 N2 - Subconscious theory is psychoanalysis pillar term, Freud pointed out that psychology should be studied creative subconscious, so that the research into the psychology of the unconscious conscious. Jung also proposed the concept of the collective unconscious of the unconscious on the basis that the collective unconscious is shared by humans, different socio-cultural and ethnic groups in the collective unconscious little difference. And Fromm is made on the basis of the social subconscious socio-cultural research on that different social and cultural environment, people will have different social subconscious. Although the content within the meaning of the three different, but there are very close ties. Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Suiyu T1 - On >Mrs. Dalloway< in the Fraternity Regained [试论《达洛卫夫人》中博爱的失而复得] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Test Weekly [考试周刊], No. 20 (2015), pp. 14-16. N2 - 弗吉尼亚•伍尔夫在其意识流小说《达洛卫夫人》中描绘了一战后伦敦社会表面繁华、实则衰败的景象,同时,表达了对社会成员精神状况的关注,集中表现在对于精神联结与博爱建立的关注上。本文借用人本主义心理学家弗洛姆关于爱的理论,对小说原文进行细读,从人物分析角度切入,分析赛普蒂默斯与医生们及与妻子雷西娅之间的关系,进而探讨一战后伦敦社会中博爱缺失的原因与表现,以及通过建立精神联结使博爱得以复苏的可能。 N2 - Virginia Woolf depicted in its stream of consciousness novel >Mrs. Dalloway< in the face of a prosperous post-war London society, but in reality the decline of the scene, while expressing concern about the situation of members of the community spirit, concentrated performance in the spirit of brotherhood to establish links with the attention. In this paper, the humanistic psychologist Fromm borrows theories about love, the original novels peruse, cut from the perspective of character analysis, analysis of the relationship between doctors and Septimus and his wife Lei Xiya between, and then Discussion on the First World War London society fraternity Loss and performance, as well as through the establishment of spiritual fraternity makes it possible to link recovery. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Suiyu T1 - Walking Mask – On >Mrs. Dalloway< in the Absence of Clarissa’s True Self [行走的面具——论《达洛卫夫人》中克拉丽莎真实自我的缺失] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Language and Literature Studies [语文学刊], No.6 (2015), pp. 66-67, 83. N2 - 自我包含真实自我与社会自我,唯有两个自我统一,个体才真正完整。弗吉尼亚•伍尔夫在小说《达洛卫夫人》中,通过对克拉丽莎这一人物形象的刻画,向读者展示一战后伦敦上层社会中个体真实自我缺失的状态。本文在对小说原文细致分析的基础上,借助人本主义心理学家艾里希•弗洛姆关于自我的理论,剖析克拉丽莎这一人物,展现中产阶级家庭妇女真实自我缺失的表现,并分析其原因。 N2 - Self-contained real self and social self, only two self-unity, individual truly complete. Virginia Woolf's novel >Mrs. Dalloway< by Clarissa on the characters portrayed, to show readers a postwar London upper class individuals in the state of true self is missing. Based on the detailed analysis of the original novel, with the humanistic psychologist Erich Fromm's theory about self, Clarissa analyze the figures to show middle-class housewife real lack of self-expression, and Analysis of the reasons. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Mo T1 - Roots Need – Van Gogh >A Pair of Shoes<, Interpretation by Fromm’s Perspective [寻根的需要—梵高《一双鞋子》的弗洛姆视角的解读] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Youth Literator [青年文学家 ], No. 12 (2015), p. 64. N2 - 荷兰画家梵高是19世纪西方绘画史中的一个传奇性的人物,他是荷兰后印象派画家,表现主义的先驱。关于他的作品《一双鞋子》,存在主义哲学家海德格尔和美国后现代主义学家杰姆逊都曾做过解读。本文是笔者从弗洛姆的理论出发,对这幅作品进行不同角度的探讨。 N2 - Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh painting in the history of the 19th century, the Western one legendary figure, he was after the Dutch impressionist painter, expressionist pioneer. About his work, >a pair of shoes<, existentialist philosopher Martin Heidegger and American postmodernist sociologist Jameson had done interpretation. This article is from Fromm's theory author of the painting to explore different angles. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Li, Lan A1 - Wu, Chongwen T1 - On Hemingway’s Narcissistic Psychology Projected in His Works [试论海明威的自恋心理在其作品上的投射] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Shaoguan University [韶关学院学报], No. 3 (2015), pp. 43-46. N2 - 弗洛伊德、弗洛姆等心理学家早已阐释了心理学和文学之间的合乎逻辑的联系,海明威的文本,表现了明显的自恋心理,通过对其自恋心理的揭示,有助于对作品中人物形象、情节设定的理解。 N2 - Freud, Fromm and other psychologists have already explained the logical connection between psychology and literature, Hemingway’s text, showing obvious narcissism psychology, by revealing its narcissistic psychology help for works characters, plot set understanding. Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kang, Jie T1 - The Theme of Alienation in Craig Ryan’s >The Onion, Memory< [克雷格•雷恩《洋葱,记忆》的异化主题分析] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Theory and Practice of Contemporary Education [当代教育理论与实践], No. 5 (2015), pp. 179-181. N2 - 克雷格•雷恩(Craig Raine)作为>火星派<的代表诗人之一,他的诗歌在20世纪80年代的英国诗坛上独树一帜。《洋葱,记忆》作为克雷格•雷恩的代表诗作之一,描写了一对离异夫妻之间错综复杂的关系。运用弗洛姆的理论对《洋葱,记忆》的异化主题进行分析,旨在呼吁现代社会的人们发挥爱的正能量,实现人与人之间的和谐相处。 N2 - Craig Raine as one of >Iskra< on behalf of the poet, his poetry is unique in the British poetry of the 1980s. >The Onion, Memory< as a representative of one of Craig Ryan poems, describing a pair of intricate relationships between divorced spouses. Fromm's theory using >onion, memory< alienation theme for analysis, designed to appeal to people of modern society to play a positive energy of love, to achieve harmony between people. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jiao, Xiaoting T1 - Hurston’s Nonplus: An Analysis of the Heroine in >Their Eyes Were Watching God”< [赫斯顿的困顿—也评《他们眼望上苍》中的女性形象] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Foreign Language and Literature [外国语文], No. 4 (2014), pp. 6-8. N2 - 《他们眼望上苍》是美国著名黑人女作家佐拉•尼尔•赫斯顿的经典小说。国内外众多的研究大多指向其>黑人妇女争取自由和寻找自我<的主题,但若以哲学意义上的>自由<概念为理论参照,不难发现主人公珍妮始终游离在自由与责任、自由与道德、自由的寻索和逃避之间。缺乏爱的能力和对创造性劳动兴趣的珍妮,最终不得不逃避自由,回到生命的原点。而赫斯顿在人物塑造上的某些暧昧叙事和盲点,无不凸显出其在探索女性生存价值目标时的困顿和迷惘,更有潜藏其后的客观历史逻辑。 N2 - >Their Eyes Were Watching God< is one of the classics in Afro American literary history by Hurston , one of the famous Afro American female writers. The theme of >striving for freedom and identity< is widely explored both in China and abroad. The concept of Liberty by Erich Fromm provides us an proper angle to see the blind spots and shortcomings of the characterization in the text. Jenny is floating between freedom and responsibility, freedom and morality, freedom searching and escape, which reflects Hurston’s nonplus in her exploration of the goal of the value of female existence. Y1 - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jiang, Kaijun T1 - Teacher Education: >Love< and >Virtue< [教师教育中的>情<与>德<] JF - Modern University Education (现代大学教育), No. 4 (2015), pp. 69-73. N2 - 由德国哲学家舍勒的情感现象学中的名言>爱乃是认识的基础<引出本篇论文的主题>师情乃师德之源<。奥古斯丁和帕斯卡尔关于爱的讨论有助于我们更好地理解教师爱在教育中的优先性。情感在教学中的重要性常常被知识的传授所忽略。区分>技<与>艺<旨在提醒人们>手段不是目的<。弗洛姆《爱的艺术》中的一句结论>爱是一种能力<可以用来反思师情与师德。由外在的教育改革引出一个新的概念>灵魂改革<。教师同样需要在精神上自我诊断、自我治疗,不断成长。职业倦怠同样存在于教师中,这是一种情感问题,教师必须反思并努力克服,以求心灵的丰沛。古希腊神话故事>皮格马利翁<表达了一种>爱之期待<,教师从中可以深悟情感的教育意义,以教师爱形成富有创造性的师生关系,使教育真正的发生。 N2 - By the German philosopher Max Scheler emotional phenomenology of saying >love but know basis< leads this thesis topic >Teachers love is the source of morality.< Augustine and Pascal discussions love help us better understand the teachers love in education priority. The importance of emotion in teaching is often ignored by imparting knowledge. The distinction between >technical< and >Art< is intended to remind people >means not an end.< Fromm's >The Art of Loving< in a conclusion >Love is an ability< can be used to reflect the division of emotion and morality. By the external educational reform leads to a new concept of >soul reform.< Teachers also need spiritual self-diagnosis and self-treatment, continue to grow. Burnout also exists in the teachers, this is an emotional issue, teachers must reflect and strive to overcome, in order to abundant soul. Ancient Greek mythology, >Pygmalion< expressed a >look of love<, which can Shen Wu teacher educational emotion, teacher love form creative teacher-student relationship, to make education a real occurrence. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2015 ER -