TY - JOUR A1 - Bai, Anyang T1 - >Moby Dick< of Religious Ethics – An Ethical Interpretation of >Moby Dick< and its Author [《白鲸》及其作者的宗教伦理观分析] [application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Ethical Literary Criticism: Literary Studies New Approach, Symposium, November 2005, Wuhan, China, in [Proceedings] >Ethical Literary Criticism: Literary Studies New Approach> Symposium [>文学伦理学批评:文学研究方法新探讨<学术研讨会论文集] Wuhan, Hubei, China 2006, pp. 278-285, N2 - With the application of two psychological concepts >social unconsciousness< and >social personality< set up by Erich Fromm, this essay analyzes Moby Dick by Herman Melville from the point of view of religious ethics. What’s more, the author’s own opinion on religious ethics of his time is also probed. A conclusion is set up: Moby Dick reflects the author’s suspicious and rebellious opinion on the relationship between God and men, which shows his strong desire for God’s love for humanity and recognition of individualistic personality. This opinion was long repressed by the dominant Puritanism of the time, and had to find its voice in the novel. N2 - 本文运用埃里希•弗洛姆的>社会潜意识<和>社会性格<两个心理学概念,从宗教伦理的角度对梅尔维尔的经典作品《白鲸》进行分析解读,并据此得出结论:该小说反映了作家本人内心深处长期受到清教思想压抑的宗教伦理观,表达了一位虔诚却不盲从的基督徒对上帝提出的要求,那就是渴望得到上帝之爱,要求尊重个性。而这些观念在当时的清教社会中属于疯狂甚至僭越的想法,因此小说成了表达作家心底呼声的最好工具。 Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Chen, Zhengshuang T1 - The Spirit Rhythm of Simone Weil and Erich Fromm [ 薇依与弗罗姆的精神旋律] JF - Journal of Hotan Teachers College [和田师范专科学校学报], No. 6 (2006), pp. 2-3. N2 - As thinkers in the same era, Simone Weil and Erich Fromm have many common points, they have been devoted to do research on philosophy of Karl Marx, and have vivid backgrounds in faith. This essay is to primarily compare their thoughts in the same topics they concern, and to give affirmation through analyzing the topics. N2 - 作为同时代的心灵思考者,薇依与弗罗姆有着许多的共同点,他们都曾致力对马克思主义哲学的研究,都有着不可忽视的信仰背景。本文即从原典出发,对两人思想相通之处作出初步的阐释,给予分析和肯定 Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cai, Xiujuan T1 - The Solitude of Dubliners. Joyce’s >Dubliners< Psychoanalytic Interpretation [都柏林人的孤独 - 关于乔伊斯《都柏林人》的新精神分析解读], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China 2006, 47 pp. [Application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - James Joyce's works, which are dense, obscure and full of symbols and metaphors, always attract the attentions of scholars at home and abroad. His early work Dubliners follows the traditional realistic with writing style; though it is not so much disputable as his later writings, it still cannot be ignored by Joyce researchers. In the past few years, the studies about Dubliners mainly focused on its narrative skills, epiphany, characterization, culture, symbols, mythic prototype or the relation with his later works. Although Joyce doesn't adopt stream of consciousness in Dubliners to show the characters' inner world directly, he has already made his preliminary research on Dubliners' existence and their spiritual world. Especially at the turn of the century, Ireland faced grand social unrest: the colonial domination of British government, the failure of Irish Independence, the ivory-towered Irish Renaissance and the invasion of Roman Catholicism, all of them made Ireland go into a dead end. The whole society was permeated with a kind of pessimistic mood. Ireland went into paralysis and Dublin was the center of it, which caused the pessimism, emptiness and perplexities of the Dubliners. Hence, solitude became a common disease of the adults. Beginning with the story of >Eveline<, all the Dublin adults are living in isolation and without love.– This thesis will use American psychologist Erich Fromm's Neo-Psychoanalytic theory on >solitude< to analyze the Dublin Adults' isolated psychological and mental state. According to Fromm's theories, the mood of solitude is inherent in human existence. This solitude cannot be eliminated completely but man could transfer it by many ways. Through Dubliners, Joyce displays the Dubliners' solitude and alienation that are caused by social paralysis and their negative methods to transfer it, such as orgy and Abstinence. However, these methods to escape from solitude don't rescue them from it but drive them into anguish and anxiety. So how to save the Irish nation and how to cast off their mental crisis, Joyce suggests the way to rescue themselves from the isolation in the last story of Dubliners. Just like the hero Gabriel's final epiphany: though their bodies are alive, their spirit has already stepped into the procession of the dead; and the men who are still alive are those dead that have the passions and unpretending characteristics of the Irish nation. In >The Dead<, Joyce intentionally brings his readers to west Ireland. In his eyes, only these westerners have the Irish nation's unsophisticated pure characteristics; their generosity and selflessness. N2 - 詹姆斯•乔伊斯的作品晦涩难懂,充满象征隐喻,历来备受国内外学者的关注。他的早期短篇小说集《都柏林人》是按照传统现实主义手法写成,虽然不像后期作品那般引人注目,但《都柏林人》仍是乔伊斯研究者绝不可越过的。近几十年国内外关于《都柏林人》的研究也不少,主要集中在探讨《都柏林人》中的叙述手法、精神顿悟、人物塑造、文化传统、象征、神话原型、与后期作品的关联等方面。虽然《都柏林人》没有采用乔伊斯后期惯用的意识流手法来直接揭示人物的内心世界,但他已经开始初步探讨都柏林人的存在及其精神世界。特别是在十九世纪末、二十世纪初,爱尔兰面临重大的社会动荡,英国政府的殖民统治、爱尔兰独立运动的失败、脱离实际的文艺复兴以及天主教的伺机入侵,这一切都使爱尔兰似乎走入了死胡同,使整个社会弥漫着一种悲观无力的气氛。整个爱尔兰陷入了瘫痪,而都柏林则是瘫痪的中心。社会的瘫痪造成了都柏林人的悲观、空虚和迷茫。>孤独感<成为了《都柏林人》中成年人的精神通症,从《伊芙琳》开始我们便可以看到都柏林的成年人普遍都生存在一种孤独、缺爱的环境中。本文将用美国心理学家弗洛姆的关于人类>孤独<研究的新精神分析理论对乔伊斯短篇小说集《都柏林人》中成年人的>孤独<心理状态进行剖析。根据弗洛姆的理论,人类存在中都有一种固有的孤独感,这种孤独感无法绝对消除,但人能通过各种方式转移>孤独<。通过《都柏林人》,乔伊斯展现了由于社会的瘫痪都柏林人所表现出的孤独感和异化感以及他们的排遣方式。然而消极逃避的方法并没有使他们的精神世界得到解救,反而扩大了这种感觉,让他们在更痛苦的深渊中挣扎,找不到出路。如何解救爱尔兰民族,如何摆脱精神危机,乔伊斯通过《都柏林人》最后一篇压轴之作《死者》为都柏林人在孤独中的自救提供了暗示。正如《死者》中男主人公加佰烈最后所领悟的那样:虽然他们这些人还苟且活着,但是精神早已迈入的死者的行列;而真正活着的却是那些有着爱尔兰民族质朴本色的、充满激情的死者。在《死者》中,乔伊斯有意将读者的注意引向了爱尔兰西部,在他心里,那些看似老土的西部人才具有爱尔兰民族质朴自然的真性情,而他们这种宽容无私、敢爱敢恨、勇于献身的传统品质才充满着生命的活力。乔伊斯在《都柏林人》的结尾没有给读者一个明确的答案,但他让我们看到了一丝爱尔兰人的希望,要在孤独的精神世界中得到解救就必须释放民族的真实性情。 Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Deng, Zhiwei T1 - Fromm’s Humanistic Consumption Ethics Thinking [弗洛姆人道主义消费伦理思想探析] JF - Morality and Civilization [道德与文明], No. 1 (2006), pp. 20-24. N2 - 在弗洛姆的伦理学思想中,消费伦理是一个重要的方面。弗洛姆正确地看到,资本主义重>占有<的生活方式造成了消费的异化;消费的异化使人性扭曲、精神痛苦,并带来了严重的生态危机。他积极倡导人道主义的消费伦理观念,主要包括:确立重生存的价值取向;建立健康而人道的消费方式,以此承担历史的责任,重建人与自然的和谐。这种思想对于建构社会主义消费伦理有重要的启发意义。 N2 - In Fromm ethics thought, consumer ethics is an important aspect. Fromm correctly see that capitalism caused the alienation of the consumer lifestyle of >possession<; the consumer alienation of human nature distorted, mental anguish, and brought serious ecological crisis. He actively promoted the humanitarian consumer ethics, mainly including: the established the heavy survival value orientation; healthy and humane consumption, in order to bear the historical responsibility to rebuild the harmony between man and nature. Fromm ethics thought, consumer ethics is an important aspect. Fromm correctly, re-capitalist lifestyle of >possession< has caused the alienation of the consumer; consumer alienation makes distortions, mental distress, brought a serious ecological crisis actively promote humanitarian consumer ethics, including: establishing the values; heavy survival build a healthy and humane consumption, in order to bear the historical responsibility, the reconstruction of man and nature harmony important inspiration for this idea for the construction of the socialist consumer ethics. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Fu, Yanhui T1 - A Journey from Life-Death Struggle to Resurrection – On Holden Caulfield in >The Catcher in the Rye< [ 生—死—回归之旅——解读《麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿] [Application of Fromm's theories to art] JF - Journal of Xihua University (Philosophy & Social Sciences) [西华大学学报(哲学社会科学版)], No. 6 (2006), pp. 56-58, 66. N2 - Holden Caulfield in >The Catcher in the Rye< is a boy who was born in a wealthy middle-class family in the 1950s, who grows up in Manhattan, and attends the private school. Though a teenager, he lost in his world of solitude and suffering, hesitating to the world pervaded by corruption and alienation. It is the society and absence of parental love that shoulder the unshakeable responsibility for his psychosis. Holden becomes mature and sensible after the meditation to life and death, he eventually returns to the society with his love for this world. N2 - 霍尔顿是美国中产阶级子弟,他孤寂、彷徨、痛苦,对这个世界有着种种困惑,在成长的呼唤面前踌躇不前,甚至逃避。霍尔顿所生活的社会对其精神失常负有不可推卸的责任,家庭关爱的缺失也使霍尔顿对社会无法具备成熟的视角。但是,在经历了生与死的洗礼后,霍尔顿逐步走上理性、成熟之路,以爱来宽容这个世界的不完美,最终回到社会的怀抱。 Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kong, Wenqing T1 - The Jewish Root of Erich Fromm [弗洛姆的犹太根性] JF - Journal of Yunyang Teachers College [郧阳师范高等专科学校学报], No. 1 (2006), pp. 109-112. N2 - As a Jew, Fromm rooted his thought on traditional Judaism culture. He was deeply influenced by Judaism, especially by Hasidism, so his thought's frame and basic principles derived from traditional Judaism, prominently reflected by the theory of human nature and the orientation towards being. Judaism was the foundation and core among the three major theatrical origins of his thoughts. N2 - 作为一个犹太人,弗洛姆的思想深深植根于犹太教文化传统。他自小深受犹太教,尤其是哈西德主义的浸染。他思想的框架和主要原则都是根源于犹太教传统,突出的表现在人性论和重>是<的价值取向上。在他的三大思想来源中,犹太教居于最基础和核心的地位。 Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kong, Wenqing T1 - No Religious Deification – Fromm's Radical Interpretation of Judaism [宗教的无神化——弗洛姆对犹太教的激进阐释] JF - Chongqing Social Sciences [重庆社会科学], No. 8 (2006), pp. 23-27. N2 - 弗洛姆基于激进的人道主义的立场对犹太教进行了阐释,他认为,犹太教圣经及其以后传统中的上帝不是超越于人的力量,而只是一个符号,它所表征的是人性体验。信仰上帝即反对偶像,也就是要摆脱对所有神圣的、世俗的非理性权威的依赖,成为一个实现自己善的潜能的人。人的命运是由自己而不是外在的力量决定的,他自己的自由选择决定他的现在与未来。人自由地实现其潜能的过程展开为人类的历史,历史是由人创造的。弗洛姆对犹太教的阐释消解了犹太教的宗教色彩,将其世俗化为人的价值与目标的象征体系,凸显了人的自由与独立。弗洛姆对犹太教的这一阐释,体现了他以人自身为出发点,强调人的自我完善与发展的彻底的人道主义立场。 N2 - Fromm's interpretation of Judaism is based on a radical humanist position, arguing that the God of the Jewish Bible and subsequent traditions is not a power beyond human beings, but only a symbol which represents the experience of humanity. To believe in God is to oppose idols, which means to be free from dependence on all divine, secular and irrational authorities and to become a human being who realizes his own potential for good. Man's destiny is determined by himself and not by external forces, and his present and future are determined by his own free choice. The process of man's free realization of his potential unfolds into the history of mankind, which is made by man. Fromm's interpretation of Judaism dissolves the religious dimension of Judaism and secularizes it into a symbolic system of human values and goals, highlighting man's freedom and independence. Fromm's interpretation of Judaism reflects his thoroughly humanist position, which takes the human being himself as its starting point and emphasizes his self-improvement and development. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kong, Wenqing T1 - Liberty: Positive or Negative? – A Study on Fromm's and Berlin's Different Views of Liberty [自由:积极的还是消极的?——在弗洛姆与伯林之间] JF - Journal of East China Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences) [华东师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)], No.1 (2006), pp. 28-33. N2 - In his book of >Four Essays on Liberty< [1969], Isaiah Berlin proposed two concepts of liberty, holding that the positive freedom put forward by Erich Fromm would lead to the opposite of freedom. Berlin's such a view is still open to discussion. Fromm's positive freedom in radical humanitarianism lays a stress upon man's self-fulfillment while negative freedom is regarded as a requisite condition to the realization of positive freedom. Moreover, his analysis of escaping from freedom proves wrong Berlin's belief that negative liberty could not be transformed into its reversal. N2 - 伯林在《自由论》中提出了两种自由的概念,并认为弗洛姆的积极的自由会导致自由的反面。伯林的这一看法是值得商榷的。弗洛姆激进的人道主义的积极自由在强调人的自我实现的同时,将不受他人干预的消极自由看作是实现积极的自由的必要条件,认为人有在不同方向间选择行为的自由与能力。同时,他关于逃避自由的分析也破解了伯林消极的自由不会走向其反面的观点。 Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Han, Yanqiu T1 - Being Questioned – On the Southern School of Zen Thinking and the Early Development of Its Modern Psychological Sense, Master thesis [论南宗禅思想的初期发展及其现代心理学意义], Special History, Northwestern University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China 2006. N2 - The southern Zen which originated with Interpretation on had distributed in the middle of AD eight century. Among these factions there are two important. Factions that influenced people deeply the Hongzhou of Nan Yue Huai Rang - Ma Zu Dao Yi, and the Shitou of Qing Yuan Xing Si - Shi Tou Xi Qian. They respectively represented two different thought in development of the southern Zen. I try to study these two kinds of thought with comparative method in the first part of this paper.– The former emphasized the solution to the conflict between human and the real society, but the latter paid more attention to the relation between human and the world. During their development, they had absorbed something useful from each other, and made great progress. Just because of these, they laid the foundation of the distribution of the Zen afterward. Furthermore, I attempt to discuss the development of the unique style of the Zen's language. In the second part of this paper, to study the modern meaning of the Zen, I compared the theory of new depth psychology which has deeply effect on the history of western psychology with the Zen. With the method of depth psychology, I carefully thought about the revelation of the Zen.– The second part consists of three sections: the feasibility demonstration for the comparative study of the new depth psychology and the Zen, the theoretical basis of the comparative study for the two thought; the influence on the main representative of the new depth psychology from the thought of the Zen; the ethical direction of the two thought. It aims to display all the possible positive meanings for the modern west and the whole society from the Chinese ancient Zen. N2 - 由慧能所开创的南禅宗,在公元八世纪中叶开始出现分流。其中在当时和后世都产生了较大影响的南岳怀让——马祖道一的洪州一系,和青原行思——石头希迁的石头一系。他们分别代表了南宗禅思想发展的两种不同思路。本文第一部分正是选取这两家的思想尝试进行比较研究。本文认为,洪州一系重在解决人与现实社会生活的关系问题,石头一系则更关注人与世界的关系。他们在发展过程中思想各有侧重,又彼此吸收和互相促进,奠定了后世禅宗>五家七宗<分流的基础,对后世禅宗的进一步发展有着深远影响。在这一部分,对禅宗语言问题还有所涉及,对禅宗独特语言风格的形成进行了一些尝试性的论述。论文的第二部分主要研究禅宗思想的现代意义,选取在西方心理学史上产生过重要影响的新精神分析学派思想与禅宗思想进行比较,论述新精神分析视野观照下禅宗思想给人类带来的启示。主要包括三个方面的内容:新精神分析与禅宗思想比较研究可能性论证,二者比较研究的理论基石;禅宗思想对新精神分析学派代表人物的思想影响;新精神分析学与禅宗思想的伦理导向性。这一部分意图说明中国古代的禅宗思想对现代西方乃至整个现代人类社会所可能有的积极意义,以此表显中国古代思想史研究的现代性和世界性意义 Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Han, Song T1 - An Answer to The Problem of Human Existence – Interpretation of Fromm's >The Art of Loving< [人类生存问题的一种回答——解读弗洛姆的《爱的艺术》] JF - Study & Exploration [ 学习与探索], No. 3 (2006), pp. 16-18. N2 - 《爱的艺术》是以精神分析方法研究阐述爱的艺术的理论专著。弗洛姆从历史与现实的角度揭示了人与自然、人与他人、人与自我分离的事实,否定了人类采取的两种典型的克服分离的方式,提出了爱是克服分离达成真正和谐的唯一方式的观点《。爱的艺术》提醒处在转型时期的中国人应更加关注人的生存,全面理解现代化,全球化、并为中国人学研究提供了学理资源。 N2 - >The Art of Loving< is a psychoanalytic method study describes the theory of the art of love monograph. Fromm revealed from the point of view of history and reality of man and nature, with others, the man and the fact that self-separation, negative way to overcome the separation of two typical human love to overcome the separation to achieve true harmony the only way to view. The >Art of loving< to remind the Chinese people in the transition period should be more concerned about the survival of the people, a comprehensive understanding of modernization, globalization, and resources to provide a theoretical study of the Chinese people. [automatic translation] Y1 - 2006 ER -