TY - JOUR A1 - Jacoby, Russell T1 - Graying of the Intellectuals: Conservatives and Dissenters in the >50s and >80s JF - Dissent, Vol. 30 (No. 2 (131), spring 1983), pp. 234-237. N2 - A comparison of social themes and political trends of the 1950s and 1980s shows some marked similarities: conservatism and career thinking are prevailing moods, fear of crime and communism are common, and social consciousness and liberalism have lost public favor. Some conservative intellectuals of the 1950s are still writing in the 1980s, including William F. Buckley, Norman Podhoretz, and Irving Kristol. Dissenting liberals of the 1950s, eg, Irving Howe, Gore Vidal, and Norman Mailer, have retained their positions. It is noted, however, that the radical voices of the 1960s are absent. One explanation for this situation is that many 1960s critics were European, including Erich FROMM, Paul Baran, and Herbert Marcuse; they influenced, but were not essentially a part of United States radical thought. A major difference between the intellectuals of the 1980s and those of the 1950s is that the former are mostly academics; by this trend, radical discourse has been limited to within-University forums, and large sectors of the lay public are ignored or alienated. Y1 - 1983 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jacoby, Russell T1 - The Repression of Psychoanalysis: Otto Fenichel and The Political Freudians, New York (Basic Books, Inc) 1983, 216 p.; esp. pp. 107-111. N2 - An examination of the mechanisms and costs of the repression of psychoanalysis, focusing on the case of the >political Freudians'< transplantation to America, in 7 Chpts with an author's Preface. (1) The Repression of Psychoanalysis-discusses the choice made by post-World War II immigrant psychoanalysts between the breadth of European psychoanalysis and a cautious exile in an anti-Marxist environment, and it is suggested that >the structure of psychoanalysis is founded on...the repression of its own past>. The history of Otto Fenichel's secret circle-including Edith Jacobson, Annie Reich, Kate Friedlander, George Cero, Barbara Lantos, Edith Ludowyk Gyomroi, and Berta Bornstein-and their Rundbriefe (round letters) is outlined. (2) Spring's Awakening: Analysts as Rebels-describes the atmosphere of psychoanalysis in pre-World War I Europe, focusing on the importance of theories of sexuality, and the impact of Otto Gross and the youth movements. (3) The Berlin Institute: The Politics of Psychoanalysis-treats Fenichel's activities among the Berlin psychoanalysts during the 1920s and early 1930s, including his controversial, political >Children's Seminar<. Fenichel's socialism, attitude toward communism, and visits to the USSR are evaluated. (4) Exile: The Secret Freudians and Their Rundbriefe-charts the Fenichel group's flight from the Nazis, their vain attempts to form a united front with Wilhelm Reich, and subsequent efforts to explore a social and political psychoanalysis in the face of the psychoanalytic establishment's growing conservatism. (5) Psychoanalysis and Its Discontents: Freudians against Freudians-outlines the disagreements Fenichel had with positions of Erich FROMM, Sandor Ferenczi, Karen Horney, Margaret Mead, and various Reichians, neo-Freudians, and conservatives. (6) The Illusion of a Future: Political Psychoanalysis in the United States-describes Fenichel's life and death in Los Angeles, Calif, where he was one of the few advocates of lay praxis and a classical and theoretical psychoanalysis. (7) The Americanization of Psychoanalysis-contrasts the works of Robert Lindner, C. Wright Mills, and Paul Baran, pointing to their different accesses to the classical and radical literature of their respective fields. The narrowing of psychoanalysis is examined, focusing on the change in translation from one cultural idiom to another, the loss of humanism and politics in the processes of medicalization and professionalization, and the repression of the possibilities of psychoanalysis. Appendix: Four Rundbriefe. Notes Y1 - 1983 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Jacoby, Russell T1 - Freudians against Freudians JF - Russell Jacoby, The Repression of Psychoanalysis. Otto Fenichel and the Political Freudians, Chicago and London (The University of Chicago Press) 1990, pp. 104-115. Y1 - 1990 ER -