TY - GEN A1 - Han, Wie T1 - Fromm's Ethical Thoughts of Love [弗洛姆爱的伦理思想探微], Master thesis, Ethics, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China 2010, 50 pp. N2 - Erich Fromm (1900-1980) is a well-known Western social psychologist, humanitarian ethicists, philoso-phers, is a well-known representative of the Frankfurt School in twentieth-century. He have written a lot in his life, his research areas almost range from the macro socio-economic, political and cultural to the micro-personal psychology, behavior, emotion, character, temperament and other characteristics of most of the social and human sciences. After the 20th century, the standard of Western society’s material living had a big leap, but along with satisfaction of the material life, there was also a spiritual crisis: people felt their own strength insignificant in front of a huge community, and the development of modernization, mechanization made people feel lonely, anxious and lose the meaning of existence, so there was increasing suicide rate, pan-sexual doctrine, alcohol and other undesirable phenomena. In this realistic conflict and crisis situations, Fromm took the Frankfurt School’ social critical theory, Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, Marx’s materialist conception of history, humanism and alienation theory as theoretical, source, he aimed at modern people’s survival dilemma and spiritual confusion, and took human alienation as logical basis and establishment of a sound social as moral goal, he proposed on the ethics of love which was based on psychoanalysis.– In the system on ethics of love of Fromm, he preserved and discarded the understanding of traditional love, and he thought love is a positive dynamic and creative activity and its nature is given. Only through this emotion, people can keep their own independence while maintaining the whole world together. Fromm divided love into five kinds: universal love, motherly love, sex love, self-love and God love while he interpreted that love is foundation of human existence. He thought love is a kind of practical art, and it is a panacea for people to pursue their own perfection and save humanity and establish a sound social. Due to the reference and absorption of the theory of Marxist historical materialism and the love, Fromm’s definition of love is more mature than Freud, and his understanding on love is more optimistic. However, after all he is a successor of >New Freudianism<, the content of his theories about love is rich and the point of view is deep, but it’s limited inevitably for him to try to combine Marxist theory with Freud’s psychology. Besides, his implementation plan on establishment of a sound society is only a cosmetic repair to social system, it didn’t yet touch the root of capitalist economic and political foundation, so his so-called socialist ideal is just an utopian fantasy. Fromm’s in-depth analysis on a variety of pathological conditions right in real life provides us with a new perspective that examine ourselves and measure modern society. It has reference value for China that is in the social transition period to heal individual personality and maintain social stability. N2 - 埃里希•弗洛姆(1900——1980)是二十世纪西方著名的社会心理学家、人道主义伦理学家、哲学家,是法兰克福学派的著名代表人物。他一生著述颇多,其研究领域几乎涵盖了从宏观的社会经济、政治、文化到微观的个人心理、行为、情感、品格、气质特性等绝大部分的社会人文科学主题。进入20世纪之后,西方社会物质生活水平有了一个大的飞跃,但物质生活满足的同时也伴随着精神方面的危机:人们在庞大的社会面前感到自身力量的渺小,现代化、机械化的发展使人们孤单焦躁,感到生存意义的迷失,出现了自杀率上升、泛性主义、酗酒等不良现象。在这种矛盾与危机的现实境况中,弗洛姆以法兰克福学派的社会批判理论、弗洛伊德的精神分析学说、马克思的唯物史观、人本思想及异化论为理论来源,针对现代人所产生的生存困境和精神困惑,以人性异化为逻辑基础,以建立健全社会为道德目标,以精神分析学为心理学依据,提出了他有关于爱的伦理学说。在弗洛姆爱的伦理思想体系中,他对传统爱的理解进行了扬弃,认为爱是一种积极能动的创造性活动,其本质是给予,只有通过爱这种情感,人才能实现在保持自身独立性的同时与世界这个整体联系在一起。在阐示爱是人类生存的基础的同时,弗洛姆又把爱分为博爱、母爱、性爱、自爱、神爱五种形式,认为爱是一门实践艺术,是人们追求自身完善、拯救人性、建立健全社会的良方妙药。由于借鉴吸收了马克思历史唯物主义及其爱的理论,弗洛姆在爱的界定上比弗洛伊德更成熟,对爱的理解也更显乐观,但是弗洛姆毕竟是>新弗洛伊德主义<的继承者,尽管他关于爱的理论内容丰富、观点深刻,可力图把马克思主义理论与弗洛伊德的心理学统一起来,其立场仍不可避免地存在局限性。在对健全社会建立的实施方案上,也只是对社会制度的小修小补,没有从根源上触动资本主义的经济政治基础,他所谓的社会主义理想也不过乌托邦主义的空想。弗洛姆对现实生活中各种病态状况的深入剖析,给我们审视自身和衡量当今社会提供一个新的视角。对于正处在社会转型期的中国,弗洛姆爱关于爱的理论对健全个体人格、维护社会安定具有借鉴意义。 Y1 - 2010 ER -