36608 2020 zho article 0 -- -- -- 弗洛伊德不仅揭示出人类社会普遍存在的幻觉,而且通过本能学说(尤其是死亡本能)进一步将人还原为本能冲动的集合体,将有机体生命还原为无机物。弗洛姆反对弗洛伊德本能学说,将本能排除出人的本性,提出以生活艺术为目标的人本主义伦理学。通过对现实和历史的考察,弗洛姆得出>人死了<的结论,与弗洛伊德的死亡本能殊途同归,最终生活艺术也发生了微妙转向。 Freud not only revealed the illusions prevalent in human society, but through the doctrine of instincts (especially the death instinct) further reduced man to a collection of instinctual impulses, reducing organic life to inorganic matter. Fromm rejects the Freudian doctrine of instincts, which excludes instincts from human nature, and proposes a humanistic ethics with the art of living as its goal. Through an examination of reality and history, Fromm concludes that >man is dead<, in the same way as Freud's death instinct, and ultimately the art of living takes a subtle turn. [Automatic translation] Education Review [教育评论], No. 11 (2020), pp. 62-67. Mao_Jiajia_2020 No Copy no copy existent / keine Kopie vorhanden no download and copy possible Mao_Jiajia_2020 no access / nicht zugänglich Jiajia Mao Articles / Artikel Articles / Artikel