@article{Sandhu, author = {Sandhu, Tarika}, title = {Reinterpreting Psychoneurosis to Ascertain Mass Pathology in Civilized Society}, series = {Asian Research Journal of Arts and Social Sciences, Vol. 15, No. 2 (2021), pp. 1-7. [Print ISSN 2456-4761] [journalarjass.com/index.php/ARJASS/article/view/289/577]}, journal = {Asian Research Journal of Arts and Social Sciences, Vol. 15, No. 2 (2021), pp. 1-7. [Print ISSN 2456-4761] [journalarjass.com/index.php/ARJASS/article/view/289/577]}, abstract = {During the psychoanalytic discovery and investigation of Psychoneurosis, theoretical scaffoldings offered by Freudian theory were expansive and rich but still incomplete. Amongst the Neo-Freudians, Fromm began unearthing the psychopathology of the society under the heavy influence of Marx. Fromm remarked that the grown-up patient was not a child but an alienated adult who was seen as the neurotic. Feelings of inadequacy, worthlessness and inhibition occurred because the patient did not experience himself as the subject and originator of his own acts and experiences. Alienation had thus caused the neuroses to occur. Ushering in >spiritual liberation< along with complete change of the >economic social constellation< for Fromm were the necessary prerequisites before envisioning a cure of societal pathologies rooted in the contemporary mode of production. Freud on the other hand was skeptical about the application of psychoanalysis to civilization. He ringed in caution to the application of systems of knowledge developed at the individual level when projected to more global levels. Diagnosis of a >collective neurosis< would be tedious since no starting point associated with its development could emerge as the fixation point. Another hurdle that needed to be addressed according to Freud was that even if a substantial system of knowledge did take shape its implementation would be a herculean task. It would take great skill and courage to compel a community to become aware of its blind spots and become available to therapy. Thus, the growth and development of Psychoneurosis had charted a trajectory from the unexplored abysmal depths of the psyche to the more gross levels of societal productions. This paper attempts to establish links between the classic concept of Psychoneurosis and the larger gamut of modern-day society's psychic reflections.}, language = {en} } @misc{SalernoMigone, author = {Salerno, Giuseppe and Migone, Paolo}, title = {Online psychoanalysis: Interview with Paolo Migone}, series = {International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 4, 2022), pp. 249-251.}, journal = {International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 4, 2022), pp. 249-251.}, language = {en} } @misc{SanchezFelix, author = {S{\´a}nchez Felix, Karla}, title = {Review Jay, M.: Reason after its Eclipse. On Late Critical Theory}, series = {Revista de Filosof{\´i}a (Universidad Iberoamericana), Vol. 54, No. 153 (2022), pp. 286-292. [Print ISSN 0185-3481] [philpapers.org/pub/73003/2022]}, journal = {Revista de Filosof{\´i}a (Universidad Iberoamericana), Vol. 54, No. 153 (2022), pp. 286-292. [Print ISSN 0185-3481] [philpapers.org/pub/73003/2022]}, abstract = {A pesar de que Max Horkheimer en Eclipse de la razón había analizado los límites de la razón subjetiva, atendien- do a las posibilidades de retornar a la razón objetiva y a su función después del eclipse, a Jay le parecían aún insuficientes estas respuestas. Por ello, regresó al estudio de las conceptualizaciones filosóficas de los fundadores de la teoría crítica y de quienes se quedaron a cargo del Instituto de Investigación Social en Frankfurt. En este sentido, este texto podría verse en continuidad y a distancia respecto a su primer li- bro: Dialectical Imagination. A History of the Frankfurt School and the Institute of Social Research, 1923-1950 (1973); producto de su trabajo de doctorado, enfocado en la formación del Instituto de Investigación Social; en sus principales integrantes: Herbert Marcuse, Max Horkheimer, Theodor Adorno, Leo Löwenthal, Walter Benjamin,Franz Neumann, Otto Kirchheimer, Henryk Grossmann, Erich Fromm, Karl August Wittfogel; en la integra- ción del psicoanálisis; en su exilio a América; en los estudios empíricos sobre el autoritarismo, la estética y la industria cultural.}, language = {es} } @article{Sanivar, author = {Sanivar, Serkan}, title = {Der revolution{\"a}re Charakter: Fromms Gegenentwurf zur {\"U}berwindung der autorit{\"a}ren Pers{\"o}nlichkeit, Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2010 im Fachbereich P{\"a}dagogik - Geschichte der P{\"a}dagogik, Ruhr-Universit{\"a}t Bochum, Grin Verlag 2014, 50 pp.}, abstract = {In dieser Arbeit soll es um die Frage gehen, wie die Entstehung einer autorit{\"a}ren Pers{\"o}nlichkeitsstruktur - mit Hilfe von selbsterzieherischen und institutionellen Maßnahmen - vermieden werden kann. Dazu soll die psychische Struktur des autorit{\"a}ren Charakters offengelegt und dem revolution{\"a}ren Charakter gegen{\"u}bergestellt werden, den Fromm in den 1960er Jahren explizit als Gegenmodell zu diesem entworfen hat. In seinem Konzept des revolution{\"a}ren Charakters versucht Fromm diejenige Charakterstruktur zu fassen, die er als geistig-seelisch gesund einstuft. Der gesunde Mensch ist f{\"u}r Fromm also das Gegenmodell zur autorit{\"a}ren Pers{\"o}nlichkeit. Dies ist zugleich die L{\"o}sung die Fromm anbietet: Will man der Anf{\"a}lligkeit f{\"u}r faschistische und totalit{\"a}re Ideologien vorbeugen, muss daf{\"u}r Sorge getragen werden, dass die Menschen Mittel und M{\"o}glichkeiten an die Hand bekommen, sich seelisch gesund zu entwickeln und ihre psychische Gesundheit zu erhalten. [Walmart.com]}, language = {de} } @article{Sanders, author = {Sanders, Colin James}, title = {Alan Watts and the re-visioning of psychotherapy}, series = {Self \& Society, Vol. 45, No. 3-4 (2017), pp. 244-255. [Online ISSN 2374-5355] [doi.org/10.1080/03060497.2017.1356087]}, journal = {Self \& Society, Vol. 45, No. 3-4 (2017), pp. 244-255. [Online ISSN 2374-5355] [doi.org/10.1080/03060497.2017.1356087]}, abstract = {Alan Watts' seminal text >Psychotherapy East and WestI think that you think that I think.< Thoughts about the analyst's states of mind crowd the minds of patients, taking shape in these questions: >What do you think I have in mind?< and so >How do you plan to act towards me?< If the analyst does not capture and does not disambiguate the doubts, the patient's perplexity and insecurity can intensify and produce emotions of anxiety, fear, fright, but also anger towards a silent interlocutor. Conversely, the analyst who mentalizes the state of mind of the patient and verbalizes it heteroregulates the patient's fears and anxiety level. Mentalization and affect regulation are also related to the analyst's recognition of the patient's metacognition process. At the conclusion of the theoretical section, a clinical sketch shows examples, and highlights in therapeutic work the abovementioned theoretical issues.}, language = {en} } @article{RodriguezBenitez, author = {Rodr{\´i}guez Ben{\´i}tez, Arian}, title = {Freudomarxismo y Teor{\´i}a Cr{\´i}tica: el psicoan{\´a}lisis ante las limitaciones del marxismo cl{\´a}sico}, series = {Azur - Revista Centroamericana de Filosof{\´i}a, Vol. 4, No. 7 (2023), pp. 51-62. [Online ISSN 2215-6089] [azurrevista.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Freudomarxismo-y-Teoria-Critica.pdf]}, journal = {Azur - Revista Centroamericana de Filosof{\´i}a, Vol. 4, No. 7 (2023), pp. 51-62. [Online ISSN 2215-6089] [azurrevista.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Freudomarxismo-y-Teoria-Critica.pdf]}, abstract = {El art{\´i}culo describe la importancia de la integraci{\´o}n entre marxismo y psicoan{\´a}lisis freudiano en los marcos del marxis¬mo occidental. Se analizan las principales obras de dicha inte¬graci{\´o}n en el pensamiento de la Escuela de Frankfurt. En es¬pecial se realiza una comparaci{\´o}n entre Miedo a la libertad de Erich Fromm y Eros y civilizaci{\´o}n de Herbert Marcuse.}, language = {es} } @article{Rocha, author = {Rocha, Ant{\´o}nio Menezes}, title = {O conceito de homem em Erich Fromm}, series = {An{\´a}lise Psicol{\´o}gica, Vol. 4, No. 2 (1986), pp. 253-262. [Print ISSN: 0870-8231] [repositorio.ispa.pt/bitstream/10400.12/2118/4/1986_2_253.pdf]}, journal = {An{\´a}lise Psicol{\´o}gica, Vol. 4, No. 2 (1986), pp. 253-262. [Print ISSN: 0870-8231] [repositorio.ispa.pt/bitstream/10400.12/2118/4/1986_2_253.pdf]}, abstract = {Erich Fromm, de origem austr{\´i}aca, viveu grande parte da sua vida nos Estados Unidos da Am{\´e}rica e {\´e} um dos: homens mais representativos da escola neopskaml{\´i}tica. Os factores sociais t{\^e}m uma import{\^a}ncia extraordin{\´a}ria na sua obra, e o instinto seriafun{\c{c}}iio desses mesmos factores. A sua obra, vasta e muito profunda, {\c{c}}up{\~o}e actualmente uma oposi{\c{c}}{\~a}o muito forte {\`a}s concep{\c{c}}{\~o}es freudianas. Segundo Fromm, o grande mro de Freud reside no facto de ele n{\~a}o ter considerado a grande diferen{\c{c}}a que existe entre a rigidez do animal e a relativa liberdade do homem no terreno dos instintos. O homem possui uma sexualidade e todos os outros instintos que o animal tamb{\´e}m possui, mas n{\~a}o lhes est{\´a} subjugado. Tem uma determina{\c{c}}{\~a}o de car{\´a}cter sociwultural que deriva da ant{\´i}teses{\´i}ntese ((instinto-se ciedadev. Abordaremos, seguidamente, as ideias fundamentais da concep{\c{c}}{\~a}o antropkjgica de Erich Fromm.}, language = {es} } @misc{RizkiYuliatin, author = {Rizki Yuliatin, Riyanna}, title = {Lari dari Kebebasan: Kajian psikoanalisis humanistis Erich Fromm terhadap tiga seri novel KKPKk little Ballerina Karya Thia [Escape from Freedom: Study of the three Novel Series KKPKK Little Ballerina by Thia according to Erich Fromm's Humanistic Psychoanalysis], Master's thesis, Literary Studies, Gadjah Mada Univeristy, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 2015, Indonesian [application of Fromm's theories to art]. - Only abstract and content available.}, abstract = {Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat mekanisme pelarian diri yang digunakan Thia sebagai manusia modern dalam ketiga seri novel KKPK Little Ballerina. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori psikoanalisis Erich Fromm, khususnya konsep pelarian diri. Fromm berasumsi bahwa pada dasarnya manusia modern melepaskan kebebasan karena kebebasan selalu hadir bersama ancamannya tersendiri. Terdapat tiga mekanisme yang bisa digunakan untuk melakukan pelarian diri, yaitu: otoritarisme, kedestruktifan, dan konformitas. Data-data yang dikumpulkan berupa kata-kata baik yang bersumber dari data utama, yaitu novel, maupun wawancara. Kemudian data-data dianalisis dengan melihat hubungan-hubungan tekstual yang ada dalam ketiga seri novel dengan konsep mekanisme pelarian diri. Hasil analisis memperlihatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kebutuhan-kebutuhan manusia dengan mekanisme pelarian diri. Melalui jenis kebutuhan-kebutuhan manusia yang dipenuhi memperlihatkan mekanisme pelarian diri yang digunakan. Otoritarisme terbentuk dengan memenuhi kebutuhan keterhubungan. Kedestruktifan muncul setelah kebutuhan keunggulan terpenuhi. Sementara itu, konformitas tercipta setelah kebutuhan kerangka orientasi, keberakaran, dan kepekaan identitas terpenuhi. Thia menggunakan ketiga mekanisme pelarian diri tersebut. Dari ketiga mekanisme tersebut terlihat hubungan antara satu dengan lainnya. Pola kebebasan menjadi pola tetap dalam cerita-cerita Thia, sementara pola ketidakbebasan menjadi bentuk tersendiri yang muncul berkaitan dengan perkembangan psikologis dari anak-anak akhir ke remaja awal dan pengalaman mengikuti les balet.}, language = {mul} } @article{Roh, author = {Roh, Jan}, title = {>Die Furcht vor der Freiheit< von Erich Fromm. Eine Abhandlung zu Kapitel 3a >Mittelalterlicher Hintergrund und Renaissance< Studienarbeit, Fachbereich Soziologie - Individuum, Gruppe, Gesellschaft, Grin Verlag 2016, 7 pp.}, abstract = {Der vorliegende Text setzt sich kritisch mit Erich Fromms Text zur Furcht vor der Freiheit auseinander. Schwerpunkt der Auseindersetzung ist Fromms Kapitel zur Rennaissance. Es wird argumentiert, dass nicht eine Furcht vor der Freiheit ausschlaggebend f{\"u}r die Genese autorit{\"a}rer Gesellschaftlichkeit ist, sondern die der kapitalistischen Produktionsweise immanente Tendenz, jegliche Subsistenzmittel zu zerst{\"o}ren. Der Freudmarxist Erich Fromm widmet sich in seinem Buch >Die Furcht vor der Freiheit< der Charakterstruktur und der Bedeutung der Freiheit f{\"u}r den modernen Menschen. Fromm vertritt die These, dass der moderne Mensch, je mehr er Individuum wird und sich von den >Fesseln der vorindivualistischen Gesellschaft (Fromm 2014: 7) befreie, sich entweder mit der Welt in >spontaner Liebe und produktiver Arbeit< vereine oder Bindungen eingehe, die seine Freiheit und die Integrit{\"a}t seines individuellen Selbst zerst{\"o}re (ebd.23) Das Individuum der Moderne ist f{\"u}r Fromm stets Produkt eines widerspr{\"u}chlichen Gesellschaftsprozesses. Diesen Prozess meint er auch in den ideologischen und sozio{\"o}konomischen Entwicklungen der Reformation entdecken zu k{\"o}nnen. Gesellschaftliche Umw{\"a}lzungen und Verwerfungen gingen Hand in Hand und bringen - damals wie heute - menschliche Freiheit und Autonomie mit sich, jedoch nur um den Preis der sozialen Isolation, die mithin neue Bindungen und die Unterwerfung unter eine h{\"o}here Autorit{\"a}t hervorbringe. In Kapitel 3a >Mittelalterlicher Hintergrund und Renaissance< versucht Fromm den {\"U}bergang von mittelalterlichen Gesellschaften zur Renaissance und dem >Italiener der Renaissance< (ebd. 39) zu skizzieren, dessen Charakterstruktur er als Ausgangspunkt des modernen Individuums sieht. [Buecher.de]}, language = {de} } @article{Rentmeester, author = {Rentmeester, Casey}, title = {Pharmaceutical Advertising and the Subtle Subversion of Patient Autonomy}, series = {Journal of Medical Humanities, Vol. 43, No. 1 (2022), pp. 159-168. [Online ISSN 1573-3645] [doi.org/10.1007/s10912-020-09633-7]}, journal = {Journal of Medical Humanities, Vol. 43, No. 1 (2022), pp. 159-168. [Online ISSN 1573-3645] [doi.org/10.1007/s10912-020-09633-7]}, abstract = {Direct-to-consumer pharmaceutical advertising (DTCPA) is pervasive in the United States. Beyond its effect on consumer behavior, DTCPA changes the relationship between individuals and physicians. The author provides a brief history of pharmaceutical advertising in the United States. The author then analyzes the current commonly used marketing techniques of pharmaceutical companies and argues that pharmaceutical companies are >irrational authorities< in Erich Fromm's sense of the term since they seek to exploit persons. Using concepts from various philosophers from the Continental tradition, with a particular emphasis on the work of Michel Foucault, the author analyzes the power relations involved in DTCPA and ultimately argues that DTCPA subtly undermines the contemporary paradigm of patient autonomy while simultaneously depending upon it by treating health consumers as >dividuals<, that is, as porous entities to be manipulated.}, language = {en} } @article{Ren, author = {Ren, Sizhong}, title = {Humanization of Technology: Observing Digital Integration of the Elderly Group by Erich Fromm's Humanistic Theory [术的人道化:由弗洛姆的人道主义理论看老年群体的数字融入]}, series = {Journal of Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, No. 9 (2022), pp. 51-54.}, journal = {Journal of Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, No. 9 (2022), pp. 51-54.}, abstract = {Entering the 14th Five-Year Plan period, accompanied by significant trend of China's population aging, the digital integration of the elderly group has become the core concern in academic circles. In view of this, taking Erich Fromm's humanistic theory and his philosophy for considering China's reality, open the interface between the elderly and technology from three top-level designs of understanding needs, stimulating creativity, and strengthening education support, which could help the elderly group to adapt to digital life and enjoy its dividends smoothly. [Translation: www.cnki.net, 1/2023]}, language = {zh} } @article{Rocha, author = {Rocha, Samuel D.}, title = {Obedience}, series = {Journal of Philosophy of Education, Vol.56, No. 4 (2022), pp. 627-636. [Online ISSN 1467-9752] [doi.org/10.1111/1467-9752.12697]}, journal = {Journal of Philosophy of Education, Vol.56, No. 4 (2022), pp. 627-636. [Online ISSN 1467-9752] [doi.org/10.1111/1467-9752.12697]}, abstract = {This is a phenomenological description of existential obedience, which draws out a contrast between it and ressentiment and existential envy, and compares it with pedagogical obedience. The discussion is developed with reference especially to the work of Erich Fromm, Emerson, and Nietzsche. Eds.: This paper forms part of a special issue titled >Beyond Virtue and Vice: Education for a Darker Age<, in which the editors invited authors to engage in exercises of >transvaluation<. Certain apparently settled educational concepts (from agency and fulfilment to alienation and ignorance) can be reinterpreted and transvaluated (in a Nietzschean vein) such that virtues become vices, and vices, virtues. The editors encouraged authors to employ polemics and some occasional exaggeration to reimagine educational values that are all too readily accepted within contemporary educational discourses.}, language = {en} } @misc{Romero, author = {Romero, Rachel}, title = {The Role of Matriarchies and Patriarchies in Social Evolution Vis-{\`a}-vis Bachofen and His Influence on the Social Sciences, Thesis, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree for the degree of Master of Science, Sociology, University of North Texas, Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex, Texas, USA 2008, 69+7 pp. [oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/bitstream/handle/1969.1/85971/Romero.pdf]}, abstract = {Johan Jakob Bachofen (1815-1887) was a Swiss anthropologist and sociologist whose 1861 book, Mother Right: An Investigation of the Religious and Juridical Character of Matriarchy in the Ancient World is best known for his radical claims that matriarchy preceded patriarchy, and that matriarchy is the source of human society, religion, and morality. Scholars have acknowledged Bachofen's influence on a long list of writers, including but not limited to: Lewis Henry Morgan, Friedrich Nietzsche, Thomas Mann, Friederich Engels, Karl Marx, Erich Fromm, Joseph Campbelll, Emile Durkheim, Carl Gustav Jung, Thorstein Veblen, Ferdinand Tonnies, and Pitirim Sorokin. The focus of my thesis is to bring attention to Bachofen's influence on the early sociologists (Engels, Durkheim, Tonnies, Sorokin), and more importantly, on the later sociologists and other social scientists whom these early sociologists in turn influenced, including: David Riesman, Talcott Parsons, and Jean Baudrillard.}, language = {en} } @article{Roehe, author = {R{\"o}he, Daniel}, title = {Oedipus returns to the opera: The repressed in psychoanalysis and musicology}, series = {International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 3, 2022), pp. 161-175.}, journal = {International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 31 (No. 3, 2022), pp. 161-175.}, abstract = {After publishing a psychoanalytic inquiry on Enescu's and Stravinsky's Oedipal operas, it seemed worth offering comments about other artistic depictions based on Oedipus' myth. Josep Soler's and Xiao-song's versions were studied in relation to their orientalist sources. Soler's opera shed further light on Oedipus' paranoid crisis in his duet with the blind seer. Seneca, Soler's main inspiration, also influenced M{\´e}reaux's Oedipal opera, which portrays the phantom of Laius requiring vengeance for his murder, a situation similar to the one Freud and Jones commented on in their analysis of Hamlet. Another ghost was found in Pierre Bartholom{\´e}e's OEdipe sur la route, which depicts a return of Oedipus' own complex and its psychopathological comorbidities even after he chastised himself. Psychopathological symptoms were also observed in Sacchini's version, probably the most famous of all Oedipal operas in its century. Furthermore, the focus now is not only on Oedipal operas, but also on a version of the Jocasta debate. Also attended to in this article are other operas and artistic representations that do not deal directly with the Oedipus myth. A list of 30 Oedipal operas with musical examples offers a fruitful space for debates on psychopathological issues related to the most important complex in psychoanalysis.}, language = {en} } @article{RosalesMendoza, author = {Rosales Mendoza, Jos{\´e} Manuel}, title = {Habitar en el exilio: casa Fromm y casa Bu{\~n}uel en M{\´e}xico}, series = {Ciencia ergo-sum, Vol. 27, No. 2 (2020), pp. 1-16. [Online ISSN 2395-8782] [cienciaergosum.uaemex.mx/article/view/12769/10875]}, journal = {Ciencia ergo-sum, Vol. 27, No. 2 (2020), pp. 1-16. [Online ISSN 2395-8782] [cienciaergosum.uaemex.mx/article/view/12769/10875]}, abstract = {Relacionado con la historia de la arquitectura mexicana del siglo XX, este art{\´i}culo expone y entrelaza la trayectoria del psicoanalista Erich Fromm y el cineasta Luis Bu{\~n}uel con los arquitectos Arturo S{\´a}enz de la Calzada y Oscar Coll Alas, quienes fueron los encargados de crear los hogares de estas figuras en M{\´e}xico. Se explora el proceso de di{\´a}spora de los personajes y su exilio en tierras mexicanas, as{\´i} como el momento y circunstancias de encuentro, sus preconcepciones en el {\´a}mbito arquitect{\´o}nico, las caracter{\´i}sticas de las construcciones que dise{\~n}aron, construyeron y habitaron para finalmente entrelazar su propuesta te{\´o}rica o est{\´e}tica con los hogares elegidos. Palabras clave: exilio espa{\~n}ol en M{\´e}xico, arquitectos del exilio, casas del exilio, arquitectura mexicana del siglo XX.}, language = {es} } @article{RosasdeLeonLabarcaReverol, author = {Rosas de Le{\´o}n, Yn{\´e}s Elena and Labarca Reverol, Catalina}, title = {Violencia, espiritualidad y resiliencia en estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Arquidiocesana >Bicentenario del Natalicio de El Libertador< [Violence, spirituality and resilience in students of Education Unit Archdiocesan >Bicentenario del Natalicio de El Libertador<]}, series = {Telos (Maracaibo), Vol. 18, No. 2, (2016), pp. 302-317. [Print ISSN 1317-0570] [redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=99345727009]}, journal = {Telos (Maracaibo), Vol. 18, No. 2, (2016), pp. 302-317. [Print ISSN 1317-0570] [redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=99345727009]}, abstract = {Este estudio de tipo cualitativo, tuvo como objetivo identificar c{\´o}mo la espiritualidad es un factor de resiliencia ante la cultura de la violencia que viven los j{\´o}venes que asisten a la Unidad Educativa Arquidiocesana >Bicentenario del Natalicio de El Libertador< de Maracaibo. Se realiz{\´o} durante el per{\´i}odo 2012-2013. La recolecci{\´o}n de la informaci{\´o}n se realiz{\´o} mediante entrevistas a profundidad a 10 adolescentes estudiantes de esta Unidad Educativa, de los cuales 6 fueron mujeres y 4 varones, cuyas edades oscilaron entre 13 y 17 a{\~n}os y se encontraban cursando 8vo, 5to y 6to a{\~n}o de Bachillerato. El an{\´a}lisis se realiz{\´o} mediante la Teor{\´i}a Fundamentada. Los principales autores que guiaron el estudio fueron Frankl (1990), Llobet (2005), Gonz{\´a}lez y Ginart (2011) Fromm (1978) y Walsh (2004). Como resultados, se determin{\´o} que para los estudiantes de esta Unidad Educativa, la espiritualidad ha sido un factor de Resiliencia ayud{\´a}ndolos a enfrentar la cultura de la violencia. Estos j{\´o}venes han tenido proceso de interiorizaci{\´o}n y crecimiento interior gracias a la experiencia espiritual, como una b{\´u}squeda, de salud mental, motivaci{\´o}n, comportamiento, conciencia, que imprime identidad y proyecta al ser humano hacia nuevos y mejores horizontes. Esta espiritualidad no est{\´a} conectada con una Iglesia en especial, ni {\´u}nica, sino con una experiencia, con un ambiente, con una manera de vivir, de ser, de estar y de superar los problemas. Permiti{\´e}ndoles Violencia, espiritualidad y resiliencia en estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Arquidiocesana >Bicentenario del Natalicio de El Libertador<.}, language = {es} }