@misc{Chavez, author = {Ch{\´a}vez, Mariana Elizabeth Reyna}, title = {Erich Fromm en M{\´e}xico. El psicoan{\´a}lisis humanista y sus aportaciones a la cultura m{\´e}xicana, 1947-1973. Tesis (Licenciada) Dissertation of the Universidad Michoacan de San Nicol{\´a}s de Hidalgo. Faculdad de Historia, Morelia 2010, 248 p.}, series = {Internet http://bibliotecavirtual.dgb.umich.mx:8083/jspui/bitstream/123456789/3277/1/ERICHFROMMENMEXICOELPSICOANALISISHUMANISTAYSUSAPORTACIONESALACULTURAMEXICANA19491973.pdf}, journal = {Internet http://bibliotecavirtual.dgb.umich.mx:8083/jspui/bitstream/123456789/3277/1/ERICHFROMMENMEXICOELPSICOANALISISHUMANISTAYSUSAPORTACIONESALACULTURAMEXICANA19491973.pdf}, language = {es} } @misc{Kutschan, author = {Kutschan, Sabine}, title = {Die produktive Lebensweise nach Erich Fromm. Theoretische Ausarbeitung und Konstruktion eines quantitativen Fragebogens. Diplomarbeit zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Friedrich- Schiller- Universit{\"a}t Jena, Fakult{\"a}t f{\"u}r Sozial- und Verhaltenswissensch}, abstract = {Die Frage nach Selbstverwirklichung und Selbstentwicklung geht bis zu Aristoteles zur{\"u}ck und hat im aktuellen Gesellschaftsdiskurs nicht an Relevanz verloren. Wie aber sieht eine gelungene Selbstentwicklung eigentlich aus? Und welche Kriterien sollte ein Konzept der Selbstentwicklung erf{\"u}llen? In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden verschiedene Anforderungen an ein solches Konzept expliziert und ihre Geltung in den bisherigen Ans{\"a}tzen gepr{\"u}ft. Dabei zeigte sich, dass es vielen Forschungsans{\"a}tzen an einer ad{\"a}quaten Operationalisierung oder einer theoretischen Fundierung fehlt, die {\"u}ber einen hedonistischen Standpunkt, eine subjektive Meinung oder einen gemeinschaftlichen Konsens hinausgeht. Erich Fromms Konzept der Produktivit{\"a}t hingegen fußt auf einer theoretischen Grundlage in der Tradition der Eudaimonia. Die Bestimmung konkreter Merkmale einer Selbstentwicklung erfolgte deshalb durch die Systematisierung dieses Konzepts. Die Ergebnisse der Herausarbeitung der theoretischen Grundlage und der Verfolgung der inhaltlichen Ver{\"a}nderung des Konzepts {\"u}ber die Schaffensperiode Fromms wurden in einem {\"u}bersichtlichen Modell integriert. Dieses umfasst die Aspekte des Bezogenseins zur Arbeit, zu anderen Menschen, zur Natur und zu negativen Emotionen. Zus{\"a}tzlich wurde das Empfinden von Gl{\"u}ck und Freude als m{\"o}glicher Indikator f{\"u}r die Produktivit{\"a}t er{\"o}rtert. Zur Operationalisierung der genannten Aspekte wurde das Inventar der produktiven Lebensweise nach Erich Fromm (IpLEF) entwickelt und durch eine Onlinestudie empirisch {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft. Trotz der theoriegeleiteten Bestimmung der f{\"u}nf Skalen zeigten sich beachtlich hohe interne Konsistenzen f{\"u}r das Inventar. Die Ergebnisse der Faktorenanalyse best{\"a}tigten die angenommene f{\"u}nf-faktorielle Struktur. Zur Validierung der Skalen wurden Maße f{\"u}r das Flow-Erleben (LMI), die Sicherheit und Unabh{\"a}ngigkeit in einer Beziehung (BBE), die Offenheit gegen{\"u}ber Erfahrungen (NEO), die Akzeptanz eigener Emotionen (SEE) und die Lebenszufriedenheit (Single-Item) herangezogen. Hinweise auf die konvergente und diskriminante Validit{\"a}t konnten, mit Ausnahme der Skala Bezogensein zur Arbeit, f{\"u}r alle Skalen auf vielfache Weise erbracht werden. Die fehlende Konvergenz der Skala Bezogensein zur Arbeit kann m{\"o}glicherweise darauf zur{\"u}ckgef{\"u}hrt werden, dass die zur Validierung herangezogene Skala des Flow-Erlebens die H{\"a}ufigkeit des Ph{\"a}nomens nicht impliziert. Das Gesamtkonzept der Arbeit geht {\"u}ber die bisherige Forschung zum Thema hinaus, da es die Explizierung eines Ansatzes vornimmt, der alle herausgearbeiteten Anforderungen an ein Konzept der Selbstentwicklung erf{\"u}llt. Die daraus resultierende M{\"o}glichkeit zur quantitativen Erhebung greift somit auf einen fundierten theoretischen Rahmen zur{\"u}ck.}, language = {de} } @misc{Bao, author = {Bao, Beibei}, title = {On the Theme of Isolation in the Garden Book [论《花园书》的孤独主题], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China 2010 [Application of Fromm's theories to art].}, abstract = {Brian Castro is an outstanding writer in the new rising Australian literature. With the publication of his first novel, Birds of Passage, Castro has won great reputation and recognition. From then on, Castro became a quick rising star and drew more and moBrian Castro is an outstanding writer in the new rising Australian literature. With the publication of his first novel, Birds of Passage, Castro has won great reputation and recognition. From then on, Castro became a quick rising star and drew more and more attention from both critics and readers. The Garden Book is Castro's eighth novel, which is set in Australia in the years between the Depression and the Second World War. It depicts the stories of Chinese Australian Swan Hay and people around her. This thesis attempts to study the theme of isolation in The Garden Book in detail. It falls into five parts with the first part making a general introduction to Brian Castro's life and literary works, followed by a literature review of both home and abroad and an exposition of Fromm's theory about loneliness. In addition to that, the central argument and the methodology of this thesis are put forward.- Chapter One aims at elaborating four types of isolation represented by the four protagonists: Swan, Darcy, Jasper and Dr Hay. This chapter is divided into four sections: The first section concentrates on that Swan is suffering from her identity as a woman and a Chinese Australian, looking for social admission and recognition from her beloved people. The second section focuses on Darcy, who is a lonely wanderer seeking for a home and dies in solitude in the end. The third section tries to identify Jasper with an isolated man yearning for true love. Though he finally finds his true love, he has no chance to keep it because he dies alone in his last mission during wartime. The last section reveals that Dr Hay is a lonely victim of the racial prejudice.- Chapter Two focuses on the arrangements for settings in the novel. There are two parts in chapter two, namely, the natural settings and the social settings. The first part explores the effect of arrangements of natural settings in this novel in deepening the theme of loneliness. The part of social setting reads The Garden Book in the light of social psychology. It mainly borrows Erich Fromm's theory of isolation to analyze the root causes of the protagonists' isolation in the novel.- Chapter Three explores the narrative techniques in this novel from two aspects. The first part will concentrate on studying the symbols and their relation to loneliness. The next part will discuss the employment of multiple narrative perspectives and voices in presenting isolation. The last part is a Conclusion summarizing the whole thesis by pointing out that both the artistic arrangements of settings and the remarkable writing techniques have made contributions to deepening the theme of isolation in the novel.}, language = {zh} } @misc{Werneth, author = {Werneth, Christian}, title = {Haben oder Sein im Unterrichtsfach Geschichte, Sozialkunde und Politische Bildung. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichtsdidaktik nach den bildungstheoretischen Betrachtungen Erich Fromms. Diplomarbeit zur Erlangung eines Magisters der Philosophie an der Universit{\"a}t}, language = {de} } @misc{Pekkola, author = {Pekkola, Mika}, title = {Phrophet of Radicalism. Erich Fromm and the Figurative Constitution of the Crisi of Modernity, Jyv{\"a}lskl{\"a} (University of Jyv{\"a}lskl{\"a}) 2010, 271 p.}, language = {en} } @misc{Cai, author = {Cai, Hui}, title = {The Compromised Humanity. A Study on the Protagonists of three of George Orwell's Novels [妥协的人性 - 谈乔治•奥威尔三部小说中的主人公形象], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Suzhou University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China 2010 [Application of Fromm's theories to art].}, abstract = {As one of the most important writers and thinkers in Britain in the 20th century, George Orwell is well-known around the world for his most celebrated novels Animal Farm and Nineteen Eighty-four. Though he passed away about six decades ago, Orwell's literary creative thoughts and political views are still hot topics in the eyes of literary critics. However, there remain a number of problems in comprehending Orwell since his works are closely connected with the international situations in the first half of last century. In addition, Orwell's unique life experiences have also led people into a labyrinth in understan-ding him. There is no doubt that' politics' takes an essential position in Orwell's writing career, but in many of his works he also reveals his deep concerns on the distortedness of human nature under different political circumstances. With a purpose of finding a new angle to decode George Orwell, this thesis studies three main characters in three of his novels which demonstrates the author's different life stages. These books are Burmese Days, Coming Up For Air and Nineteen Eighty-four. This thesis is divided into five parts.- Chapter One serves as a general introduction to George Orwell's life experiences, the background of the selected novels and Erich Fromm's theories of humanity.- Chapter Two discusses Flory in Burmese Days. Haunted by the feeling of loneliness, Flory commits a suicide to end his isolation from the outside world.- Chapter Three focuses on George Bowling in Coming Up For Air, a victim of the society that laid great pressure on him while depriving him of a healthy environment.- Chapter Four analyzes Winston Smith who found himself completely dehumanized by totalitarianism. The last chapter is the conclusion which dates back to Orwell's early school years to prove his emotional attitude in writing analyzed in this thesis.}, language = {zh} } @misc{Dai, author = {Dai, Jixia}, title = {The Frommian Humanity Thought [弗洛姆人性思想研究], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2010.}, abstract = {The American scholar, Erich Fromm, 1900-1980, who advocated the neo-Freudianism, was an important leading figure of the Frankfort School. He had abundant works covering the fields of philosophy, sociology, psychology and so on. In his works, he analyzed the contemporary developed capitalistic social and its human problem, and his theory about human nature is reckoned as the most influential thought to solve the contemporary social problem. Erich Fromm's thought on human nature, integrating the theoretic of Freud and Marx, is the result of his historic and dialectic study, and also is the core and sill of his philosophic theory.- In my paper, the first chapter is introduction, and it introduces the research significance, the situation, method, etc.- Chapter Two of this paper introduces Freud depth psychology, Marx's throes on human, and Oriental Zionism's great influence to Fromm human nature.- Chapter Three gives a comprehensive research on Fromm human nature, including its methodology and meanings. In Fromm's mind, humanity is a kind of contradict human existing state, human survive in the world to solve the contradiction, this course arouses the needs of existence. Fromm thought these needs are human needs, and he revealed the pattern to meet the needs by canalizing social character and social unconsciousness. Fromm also posed the theory of human alienation and conception of sane society by repudiating the wheaten society.- Chapter Four evaluates Fromm's human thought, taking Marx's fundamental measures. Fromm's human thought development Marx's theory on human. It points out the rationality and limitations of Fromm's human thought. And the thought has great significance to the China's modernization.}, language = {zh} } @misc{Kong, author = {Kong, Xiangzhen}, title = {D.T. Suzuki and Zen Study in the Western Context [铃木大拙与西方语境下的禅学研究], PhD thesis, Religious Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China 2010.}, abstract = {DT Suzuki is undoubtedly the most crucial figure in the formation of Zen context of the 20th century in the West. His achievements not only prevent Zen from scapegoat-type presentation by Jesuit missionaries and orientalists, but also make Zen enter Western world as an academic research. Therefore, He represents a new epoch in the history of Western Zen. People call this phenomenon >Suzuki effect< or >Suzuki stage<. From this, one can see how important Suzuki is to the Zen study in the Western context. This thinking pattern is what my paper follows and expands. The whole structure and content can roughly be expressed as below: Introduction: to expound the motivation and purpose of this paper by four questions which are >Who is DT Suzuki?<, >What does Suzuki effect bring to West?<, >How does Zen be understood and interpreted in the Western context?<, >Is there any problem of communication between Zen and Western culture?< According to these four questions, the theme and scope of this paper can be described as to discuss DT Suzuki's Zen and relevant study by Western scholars from the fields of psychology, philosophy, history and religion. From this, one can know clearly that West absorb something from Zen on the surface, but in fact there exists an ideology of orientalism.- Chapter One: Focus on discussing the description of Zen from 16th Century to 19th Century which forms the >Zen context< of 20th Century in the West. Basically the image of Zen belongs to atheism, mysticism and quietism both in the observation from Jesuit missionaries and in the books written by orientalists. It doesn't make any change until the World's Parliament of Religion in Chicago, 1983. Zen Masters coming from East introduce the real Zen during the Conference; this is the first time for Zen to speak about itself. Japanese Zen monk Shaku Soyen who is Suzuki's spiritual teacher is one of the crucial figures in this big event. After that, through Suzuki's efforts, he finally makes Zen enter Western world successfully.- Chapter Two: Focus on discussing Suzuki's life history, academic career, sectarian heritage and Zen experiences. This is a way that we place Suzuki in the circumstances of the whole society so that one can explores specifically the background from which Suzuki and his thought grow up. It's surprise to know that the life of Suzuki is not just only his own personal history, but also reflects a trend of the time of the academic achievements. Some people praise him as >The great results of human knowledge< or >a great persuasive advocate of Zen<; but also some people criticize him as >a great tailor of Western Zen< or >the spirit of colonist<. Such a life that mixes with praises and criticizes just stand out the meaning and worth of my research.- Chapter Three: Focus on the inheritance and development of Suzuki's Zen thought from Chinese Ch'an school. One can see specifically the connection between it and Daosheng, Sengzhao, Huineng, Huayan school. Moreover, Nishida's >pure experience< which emphasizes on direct experience integrated subject with object also enrich the interpretation of Suzuki's Zen. But without the spirit of practice, one can't understand clearly about what real Suzuki's Zen thought is, therefore, we must discuss >the Ch'an methods of Linji< and >the combination of meditation and wisdom<. Those two factors bring the spirit of practice and life into Suzuki's Zen, this is why it is so attractive to West.- Chapter Four: Focus on the psychological characteristic of Suzuki's Zen, such as >self<, >consciousness<, >unconsciousness<. This tendency builds a close connection between Zen and Western psychology. For example: Fromm thinks Zen and psychology share the same goal because of the insight into human nature and the release of inside power; Jung thinks Zen's unconsciousness is more profound than Freud's repressed unconsciousness. Although the connection is built by Suzuki and those psychoanalysts, but the truth is their differences are more than similarities. For example: psychology wants unconsciousness to enter into consciousness, but Zen asks consciousness to go back to unconsciousness. One can see Zen and psychology share the same words with different meanings. Moreover, Western psychology often treats Zen as a kind of psychotherapy, but the truth is Zen help people not only to return to normal, but also to live in an integral life of body and mind. Therefore, it is true that Zen shows up the strong side on psychology, but Zen is not a kind of psychology, it is more than that!- Chapter Five: >Experience< is the core thought of Suzuki's Zen which has the characteristic of individuality, intuition and ineffability. Coincidentally, there are the similar essences in the mystical experience of Christian, so both of Zen and Christian get a further chance to know each other. For example: Suzuki praises Eckhart's thought is very close to Mahayana Buddhism especially Zen; and Thomas Merton thinks Zen can wake Christian's religious consciousness because Zen includes many contents of practice which is similar to Western religion. This kind of idea is accepted by many Westerners, so they treat Zen as a kind of mysticism. Therefore, Suzuki starts to clarify the differences between Zen and mysticism. In addition, West chooses to practice Zen through meditation which Suzuki mentions less. Some scholars think this phenomenon represents West has went out of Suzuki's effect, but we think no matter which way to approach Zen, the final goal is still something that Suzuki emphasizes.- Chapter Six: Although Suzuki insists not to confuse Zen with any system of philosophy, but his philosophical interpretation of Zen just stands out the philosophical factors in Zen. This way builds a strong connection between Zen and post-modern philosophers in the second half of the 20th century, especially on the concepts of >illogical<, >practical experience< and >absolute freedom<. For example: Van Meter Ames declares both Suzuki and Dewey are the critics of traditional logic, they all try to de-construct the method of dichotomy; moreover, both Suzuki and Heidegger grasp >person< as a subject through Being and experience. Such analogy from appearance is a habitual way for West to study Zen, but in fact, there exist some key points which are completely different in Zen and philosophy. For example: Heidegger sets up an average state of Being for people to follow, but Zen opposes this kind of state because it violates the basic spirit of human. In sum, Zen comes from experience; philosophy derives from logical analysis and conceptual knowledge, therefore, Zen after all can't be confused with any philosophy.- Chapter Seven: In the eighties of 20th century, West turns its methodology of Zen study into historical and critical research, it seems a debate between Suzuki and Hu Shih happens again in the West. They expect to pull Suzuki's non-historical Zen back to the scene of history in order to get new understanding. The result is Suzuki and his Zen thought are subjected to strong criticism. Moreover, by using systematic academic discourse and narrative strategy, West scrutinizes Suzuki's ideology, then put many labels such as ideology of sectarian, ideology of nationalism or reverse orientalism on Suzuki himself. This is the main content of Zen study in the West of the eighties of 20th century. Such intention of strong criticism or action of de-construction and reconstruction actually reveals an ideology of orientalism that Edward W. Said mentions that is no matter what Suzuki says, West is the real one to interpret Zen.- Chapter Eight: Undoubtedly, >DT Suzuki< is the name worthy to be remembered forever in the history of Western culture; He is not only a pioneer of Zen study in the West, but also a driver in this field. Just like Luis O. Gomez says that to stand on Suzuki's shoulder one can see farther. Indeed, in the Zen boom of 1950, West finds out its own potential of culture through Suzuki's Zen; and in the academic change of 1980, West retrieves its own cultural identity also through Suzuki's Zen. These two leaps represent not only the influences caused by >Suzuki effect<, but also the manifestation of orientalism of West. Therefore, Suzuki is just like the bridge of Zhaozhou which never mind people's abuse and just finishes its duty. But when we look closely into the study of Zen in the West, we find out obviously that West is anxious to restate Zen before completely understand it, so even though Zen in the West obtain a new epistemology, but it has already lose the essence of Zen. Suzuki says that Zen will be invited as long as people needs. It means Zen is always flexible and free enough to be applied to any kind of situation and to meet different people in the world. This is why Zen can be developed in the fields of psychology, philosophy, history and religion. From this point of view, we can say that Zen is just like a moon in the sky which becomes thousands of moons on thousands rivers, and each moon in the water is real, because there is no certain form called moon, this is Zen!}, language = {zh} } @misc{Han, author = {Han, Wie}, title = {Fromm's Ethical Thoughts of Love [弗洛姆爱的伦理思想探微], Master thesis, Ethics, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China 2010, 50 pp.}, abstract = {Erich Fromm (1900-1980) is a well-known Western social psychologist, humanitarian ethicists, philoso-phers, is a well-known representative of the Frankfurt School in twentieth-century. He have written a lot in his life, his research areas almost range from the macro socio-economic, political and cultural to the micro-personal psychology, behavior, emotion, character, temperament and other characteristics of most of the social and human sciences. After the 20th century, the standard of Western society's material living had a big leap, but along with satisfaction of the material life, there was also a spiritual crisis: people felt their own strength insignificant in front of a huge community, and the development of modernization, mechanization made people feel lonely, anxious and lose the meaning of existence, so there was increasing suicide rate, pan-sexual doctrine, alcohol and other undesirable phenomena. In this realistic conflict and crisis situations, Fromm took the Frankfurt School' social critical theory, Freud's psychoanalytic theory, Marx's materialist conception of history, humanism and alienation theory as theoretical, source, he aimed at modern people's survival dilemma and spiritual confusion, and took human alienation as logical basis and establishment of a sound social as moral goal, he proposed on the ethics of love which was based on psychoanalysis.- In the system on ethics of love of Fromm, he preserved and discarded the understanding of traditional love, and he thought love is a positive dynamic and creative activity and its nature is given. Only through this emotion, people can keep their own independence while maintaining the whole world together. Fromm divided love into five kinds: universal love, motherly love, sex love, self-love and God love while he interpreted that love is foundation of human existence. He thought love is a kind of practical art, and it is a panacea for people to pursue their own perfection and save humanity and establish a sound social. Due to the reference and absorption of the theory of Marxist historical materialism and the love, Fromm's definition of love is more mature than Freud, and his understanding on love is more optimistic. However, after all he is a successor of >New Freudianism<, the content of his theories about love is rich and the point of view is deep, but it's limited inevitably for him to try to combine Marxist theory with Freud's psychology. Besides, his implementation plan on establishment of a sound society is only a cosmetic repair to social system, it didn't yet touch the root of capitalist economic and political foundation, so his so-called socialist ideal is just an utopian fantasy. Fromm's in-depth analysis on a variety of pathological conditions right in real life provides us with a new perspective that examine ourselves and measure modern society. It has reference value for China that is in the social transition period to heal individual personality and maintain social stability.}, language = {zh} } @misc{Li, author = {Li, Yanli}, title = {On the Women's Persistent Pursuit of Freedom in >The Golden Notebook< [《金色笔记》中的女性对自由的不懈追求], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2010 [Application of Fromm's theories to art].}, abstract = {Since the 19th century, because of the rapid development of science and technology and strengthening of people 'ability to reform the nature, people's chief part initiative and the functions of spiritual factors protrude, and so appear various kinds of theories, doctrines, views, trend of thoughts and schools. Existentialism is a trend of thought of irrationalism, it emphasizes individuals, independence and self-decision, subject experiences. The formation and development of existentialism are never an isolated issue. It mainly criticizes socially the alienation of people's way of survival caused by the capitalism development after the Second World War, it has vivid time brand. It shows despair mood and contradiction psychology after the Second World War and during the cold war period. It is a crisis of philosophy, it supplies people with philosophical base.- Sartre is one of the most active preachers of the western society. He emphasizes human being, emphasizes the individual's chief part, emphasizes the chief part's initiative choice, it has positive significance. The fundamental viewpoint of existentialism is to regard isolated individual's irrational conscious activities as the truest existence, and as the whole philosophical starting point. It claims to be a philosophy that regards human being as center and respect human being's personality and freedom. Sartre is not only a highly productive man of letters who advocates intervening reality, but also a positive social activist with vivid viewpoints. The transmission of his existentialism thoughts and mainly depends on the argument in philosophical theories, but through literature and art. In his whole life, he regards freedom and justice as standards. His existentialism should be believed as an introspection philosophy facing miseries. His philosophy can be mainly summarized as the following three points: (1) Existence precedes essence; (2) Free choice; (3) The world is fantastic. Sartre's philosophy is in fact the freedom philosophy. Freedom is the center of Sartre's whole life philosophy, and is the basic content and important component of his existentialism philosophy. A human being's freedom issue is extremely concerned in Sartre's whole life, his freedom notions are mainly the following: First, a human being is free, a human being is freedom. Second, freedom is the freedom of choice, absolute freedom is realized by choice. Third, a human being should be responsible for his free choice. Sartre closely concerns human beings' existence and freedom, and in his corresponding individual practice, he positively and boldly intervenes in the society. The existence problems of human being have shown to the contemporary people. Their spiritual living situations show that affluent modern life hasn't brought people healthy and contended spiritual condition but enslaved them. Not only have individual spirit lives fallen into an unprecedented anxious and immanent state, but also the contemporary people faced the plights of living.- Erich Fromm has been keenly concerning about the conditions of living, fate, and soul of the temporary people. He concretely explained the living conditions of humankind, made an overall analysis on the existing conditions of the contemporary people, revealed the living dilemma of the contemporary people. He argues that mankind's history is just the history of pursuing freedom, the real outlet for the living plight of men should be developed toward the direction of freedom, and develop the creative activities of men.- Another well-known existential philosopher Karl Jaspers cares for human existence in the modern society. He analyzed the spirit conditions of the modern people and put forward the spirit crises of the modern people.- The free women in >The Golden Notebook< fall into plight. Though they praise themselves as free women, they are only apparent free women, limited free women, they are free women without freedom. It's just an irony on freedom. Reflecting on free women, they come to the answer of life state of gender reconciliation. The last section discusses Sartre's existentialism intervening thought, viewpoint of literature, viewpoint of love and their embodiment in free women.}, language = {zh} } @misc{Huang, author = {Huang, Qian}, title = {The Religious Study on the Love in the >Story of the Stone< [红楼>情<缘——对《红楼梦》中>情<字的宗教学研究], Master thesis, Religious Studies, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China, 2010.[application of Fromm's theories to art]}, abstract = {In China, the Story of the Stone, one of the four most famous Chinese classical literature works, almost known to all, has been liked by people from all walks of life ever since the ancient times. But what is the true meaning as opinions the vary, no unanimous conclusion can be drawn since the very beginning. In the paper, the author will explore and understand the significance of the novel. The idea knowing the Form (see, color) for the nothingness of the novel? (Kong, null); getting the Love (Qing, love) from a Form; bringing the Love into the Form; enlightening the Nothingness from the Form-which is from chapter one of the novel, is a very important key to understand the novel. The novel, the Story of the Stone, begins from two myths, in which the characters, affairs and things the begin too the author of the novel during wartime, that the Love is the Way (Dao, Tao), then everything would return to Nothingness. The idea of the love roots in the thought of Buddhism, especially Chinese Buddhism. According to unscramble the love in the novel, we can also know about the history of Chinese Buddhism and Chinese Philosophy. Moreover, we can comprehend the characteristics of their developments too. The idea of the novel-the Love is the Way and enlightening the Nothingness from the Nothingness-is the typical thoughts of Chinese Buddhism and Philosophy.- Objectively speaking, this idea is also similar to the theory of the Holistic Personality which is brought in the psychology of religion by Fromm and Jung. In fact, Jia Baoyu, the protagonist of the Story of the Stone, achieved the Holistic Personality because of the idea, enlightening the Way and the Nothingness from the Love. So we can understand the Chinese traditional thoughts based on the researching of the novel. Besides, we can also know about the features and meanings of the Personal Selfhood.}, language = {zh} } @misc{Lu, author = {Lu, Yinghua}, title = {Analysis on Wilhelm Reich's Thought of Man [赖希人学思想辨析], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China 2010.}, abstract = {This paper attempts to analyze Wilhelm Reich's ethical thought, the center of which is sexual ethics. Reich, consolidated and developed the thought of Freud and Marx, therefore created Psychoanalytic Marxism. By analyzing Reich's thought, this thesis also explicates the theories of Freud and Marx.- This paper doesn't simply research thinkers by dint of thought, but also research thought by dint of thinkers, emphasizing the topic of desire and human nature. In the aspects of human nature first, Marx believed that the desire for economic benefits is inherent in human nature. However, this desire is not equivalent to human essence, in his view, the true humanity is the creative demand. The ultimate goal of eliminating alienation is to endow people with creativity and to achieve self-realization.- Second, people have instinctive desire and non-instinctive desire, and great attention was paid to the former one in this paper. Freud thought what is inherent in human nature is life instinct (appetite and sexual desire) and death instinct (assault and self-destruction). The proposal of attack instinct shows Freud's pessimism about human nature. The instinct of self-destruction is inevitable concomitant life instinct. One purses happiness to the extreme so that his excitement decrease to the least, which signifies the coming of death.- Third, Reich's theory of human nature takes sex as the focus. He transformed Freud's distinction of id, ego and superego, and Marx's alienation theory, put forward a new three-levels character structure. He believed that the sexual instinct is good, sexual repression is the root of all evil. He mentioned the >character armor< in psychology, which is similar to the sense of honor and shame in ethics. In the interpretation of social and political phenomenon, Reich highlighted that under sexual repression man will have mental illness. They become numb, mechanical, vegetative people who act according to irrational emotions and personality which are caused by sexual repression. They are incapable to be free, resulting in authoritarian society, such as Fascist society. The people suffering from sexual repression con not recognize their own interests, they lose class consciousness and support a political party which can not represent their interests. This article's analysis and evaluation on Reich's construction of sexual revolution, discusses the ethics of sexual activity, Reich's idea of >Orgon< Energy and Work-democracy, expounding the reverie of Reich's thought. According to Reich, religion is a product of sexual repression, while worsening sexual repression. He criticized religious mysticism and racism at the same time. This paper analyzes the nature of religion i.e. soothing painfulness and the basis of region i.e. morality, pointing out the meaning of abstinence and the paradox of hedonism and altruism. In a word, Reich's understanding of religion is not thorough. This paper explicates inspiration and reflection caused by Reich's ethical thought. First, faced to the nature of sex, there are different views of optimism and pessimism. Speaking from Kant's discussion of sex, we illustrate characteristics of sexual desire, such as, for satisfying sexual desires people need to let their sexual organs get physical contact with other people. It embodies the conflict of wills, therefore implying harm. Reich's metaphysically optimism lacks awareness of these.- Second, from the view of psychology and philosophy (especially philosophy of life), this thesis questions whether sexual repression causes mental illness, proves Reich's exaggeration.- Next, discusses the dialectical relationship between sex and love, what 'is voluntary, and the question of sexual indulgence and the elimination of sexual repression, pointing out contradiction in Reich's thought. Reich's thought is significant, especially in his time. However, people's sexual repression has been greatly eased in contemporary society, and the harmfulness of sexual indulgence is emerging gradually. Today our task is to re-establish the two endpoints as evil and new middle way as good. Reich's sexual ethics, still has positive meaning to us. By comparing with the theories of Fromm and Marcuse, Reich's thought can better promote our freedom, while the former one's criticism of advanced society will hinder our progress.}, language = {zh} } @misc{Qing, author = {Qing, Ling}, title = {Lack of Love and Looking for Love - Duras and Hong Ying's Novel - >Transnational Lover< Comparative Study [爱的缺失与寻觅 - 杜拉斯和虹影小说中的<跨国情人<比较研究], Master thesis, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China 2010 [Application of Fromm's theories to art].}, abstract = {This article attempts to make a comparative study on >transnational Lover< in the novels of Duras and Hong Ying from the perspective of the love lacking and finding of which Duras has similar background with Hong Ying the who apparently affected by the former. Both of them are influenced deeply by Eastern and Western cultures and praised greatly as well. In the novel, the unique background, special identity of character, the similar >love lacking< with the author, all of which make the process of >love finding< inevitably filled with the collision. In this sense, it is worthy of studying. This article also attempts to have a comparative study to the contents of the novel in terms of the theory of cross-cultural comparison, Fromm psychoanalytic as well as the philosophy, aesthetics on the other. It is meaningful to have a cultural contrastive study of >translation lover<, to analyze body and Eros, conflict and integration as well as the free thought and death action, to explore life and death, to verify the purpose and meaning of the existence, to seek cross-cultural identity. Therefore, it can fill the gaps in relevant research. The whole thesis is divided into the following sections.- 1. Introduction. I will make an explanation of research significance and purpose of this thesis and make elaborate simply about current research situations in home and broad. It is of great value to put forward the research method, pay attention to the root of love lacking as well as to analyze the similarities and difference between Eastern and Western in the process of love finding.- 2. Love Lacking. It is necessary to find the root of love lacking in the autobiographical novel of Duras and Hong Ying, make further study of its influence to the work and analyze the cause of lonely soul of special hero. Meanwhile, it is of great value to have a brief analysis about the author's marginal feminine identity under double background. Therefore, it is paramount important to find the loving lacking in terms of different ways starting from their unique perspectives.- 3. Body and Eros. It is important to present the body primitive, analyze the mind hidden behind the body conversation and make further research about love lacking. The body of >transnational lover< hides desires, attracting and repulsing mutually. Besides, it is necessary to analyze implicated human and cultural factors and have comparative study to the implication of >transnational lover<.- 4. Conflict and Integration. When different cultural roots encounter, conflicts must happen inevitably. Then, they may be interactive with each other and stimulate new vitality. In this changeable world, different choices lead to different development, whereas, the difference results in changing. The Eastern and Western culture embodies in many aspects, i.e. collision, estrangement, convergence, integration, etc. Researching and analyzing the cause of transnational lover's encounter and conflict, the choice confronted and the ways of communication will gain integration, continuity and development. Only in this way can we find the habitats of soul in self, other and other factors.- 5. Free to Flee. >Transnational lover< try to find love as for the lack of it. In the process of love finding, they are bound by a number of factors. Therefore, they want urgently to get rid of them in terms of various attitudes and methods so as to be free. Their attitudes towards freedom in the background of Eastern and Western culture are different respectively, whereas, freedom itself is bondage. The factors that bind man is here and there: existence, society, self, etc, and then it becomes nowhere to escape about freedom resulting from different cultures.- 6. The Change of >the Theme of Death<. It is necessary to discuss the implication and the ways of expression of the death, and then make further discussion about transcendental spirit to death consciousness. As the culture in East and West is different, the attitudes and perceptions towards the death is different too. It is also important to study the death factors hidden in the human mind, the relations between >self-Death< and >the death of other person<, the attitude towards death, the death and equality and the death and fear, etc, to find the meaning of uning away from death to life; therefore, the eternal life will be gained.- 7. Conclusion. Under the multi-cultural development, conflict and integration are frequently happened. It prompts us to think about the cultural similarities and differences of distinct groups, seeking cross-culture identity among it.}, language = {zh} } @misc{Yang, author = {Yang, Bo}, title = {Alienation and Salvation - A Study on Fromm's Educational Theory [异化与拯救——弗洛姆教育思想研究], Master thesis, Comparative Pedgogy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China 2010.}, abstract = {Erich Fromm, a most important figure in Western thinking public, proposed that in the capitalist society where social and human are double aliened. And Fromm has ever shown great concern with education. In his view, education is also aliened. The discussion of theory on education alienation can be found almost everywhere in his famous books which include the missing of freedom, love and creativity. For the alienation theory, Fromm considered that the capitalist society and the people have the need of reform in order to achieve salvation. And he believed that the >new man< needs educational reform, therefore, education played an important role in the salvation which became the new access and the only way to a sane society. This study includes four chapters.- The first chapter outlines the ideological source of Fromm and the current status of research.- Chapter 2 focuses on Fromm's theory of education which discussed from three aspects, social alienation, human alienation, alienation of education.- Chapter 3 focuses on the theory of Fromm about the salvation of education. Educational reform should based on the reform of society to achieve the new man and the sane society.- In chapter 4, based on Fromm's educational theory, contact with the development trend of education reform in current world, Fromm's theories of survival of education, liberal education, love of education and creative education have significance and the great inspiration to today's education reform of our country. [Author's translation]}, language = {zh} } @misc{Xia, author = {Xia, Huiyun}, title = {A Lonely Soul and His Doomed Tragedy [孤独的灵魂,注定的悲剧], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China 2010 [Application of Fromm's theories to art].}, abstract = {John Fowles is a writer with international fame in the contemporary British literary arena. His achievement has covered a wide range of genres, such as novel, poetry, literary criticism and so on. Many of his works have been translated into a variety of languages and attracted the intensive attention of critics and scholars all over the world, especially his masterpiece The French Lieutenant's Woman (1969). As an internationally acclaimed novelist, Fowles occupies an irreplaceable position in the history of English literature. >The Collector< is Fowles's maiden work which has brought him great success since its publication in 1963. Critics have made studies on the novel from various perspectives. In the novel, it is undeniable that Miranda's life is a tragedy. However, as a kidnapper, Clegg also lives a miserable and tragic life.- Here, in light of Erich Fromm's humanism, the thesis tries to make an analysis of Clegg's tragedy in the hope of providing a different angle to interpret this novel. What's more, the significance of the thesis lies in that it can also impart to us some profound and practical social meaning. Nowadays, with the development of science and technology, great changes have taken place to the world that we live in. The application of high-tech in daily life leads to fiercer and fiercer competition between people. People, especially the workers, are likely to be mechanized into a piece of machine. Meanwhile, the invention of various communication facilities quickens up the life tempo. Thus the sincere communication between people is becoming less and less. And the relationship between people has tended to be alienated. Therefore, at the crucial moment when alienation has penetrated into almost every field of people's life, it is of great importance to draw a lesson from Clegg's tragedy. Especially the love theory of Erich Fromm can shed light on how to build a more harmonious society. The thesis is composed of five chapters: - Chapter one includes a brief introduction of John Fowles's life, the general plot summary of The Collector as well as the critical responses to the novel home and abroad. Last but not least, it points out the significance of a humanistic interpretation of Clegg's tragedy.- Chapter two makes a general introduction to the theoretical system of Fromm's humanism. His humanistic theory mainly talks about three issues, namely, the theory of human nature, the theory of alienation and the love theory. His human nature theory is the base and starting point of his humanism. His theory of alienation is the core of his humanism as well as the deepness and outspread of the human nature theory. And the love theory is the crest and end-result of his humanism. The thesis mainly focuses on the theory of alienation and his love theory which are applied in the thesis.- Chapter three applies Fromm's alienation theory to the description of Clegg's forlorn spiritual world. Alienation has pervaded every corner of his life which is displayed in the following three aspects: he lacks national responsibility and obligation and is alienated from the nation; the relationship between Clegg and the people around him is also alienated; he is even alienated from himself.- Chapter four analyzes the causes of Clegg's tragedy. One cause is the social reality which generates class distinction. Coming from the bottom of society, Clegg is subject to the feeling of inferiority, thus he lacks confidence and becomes too sensitive. On the other hand, Miranda's contempt of him also exerts a negative influence on him. Another cause is his morbid character structure which is an integration of hoarding character, sadistic tendency and necrophilous orientation. Besides, Clegg's failure in understanding the essence of love is another cause of Clegg's tragedy. Here, by the application of Fromm's love theory, the thesis gives an analysis to Clegg's loneliness. And the analysis centers on his relationship with Miranda. It starts from giving, the nature of love, and then goes deep into the four basic elements of love, that is, care, responsibility, respect and knowledge. And these four elements are mutually dependent and complementary. Under the combined result of these three factors, Clegg's tragedy is inevitable.- And the final chapter is the part of conclusion. It summarizes the factors of Clegg's tragedy and maintains the importance and significance of a humanistic interpretation of his tragedy.}, language = {zh} } @misc{Yang, author = {Yang, Xi}, title = {The Alienation Characteristic in Merchant Characters of Dickens' Works [论狄更斯作品商人形象的异化特征], Master thesis, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China 2010 [Application of Fromm's theories to art].}, abstract = {This article analyzes the merchant characters selected from Charles Dickens' works. In his works have a common characteristic, in a word: Successful career does not bring happiness. Often have great material wealth and social impacts admired by others, however, their emotional life and fate were invariably failed to bring happiness, mainly caused by their personality alienation. While the ability to change the nature and outside world is continuously increased, the mental and emotional crisis was intensified, producing all kinds of personality alienation, especially in western countries. Therefore, this article uses the theory of alienation of personality from Fromm to analyze the merchants selected from Dickens's novels, hoping to achieve a deep understanding of these characters. This article is composed by three parts, including the introduction, body and conclusion. The introduction presents the current status of researching Dickens, the meaning of the topic, the introduction and review of alienation theory. The body includes three chapters.- Merchants which demonstrate the characteristics of alienation from the abused type, the self- sacrifice type, the abusive type and the destructive type were analyzed in the first chapter. Since the personality of abused type and the self-sacrifice type are often mixed, the descriptions to these two types are combined.- Through the analysis of individual alienation in the second chapter, the author finds that the lack of creativity in love and the ability to work is the key factor for alienating the individual personality.- In the third chapter, the author analyzes the causes of alienation from social impacts, concluding that the suppressing to the uniqueness of individual nature and the cultivation of false ideal are the major social factors contributing to the individual alienation. At the last part, this article analyzes and describes the awakening thought and the ideal of serving society conveyed through the alienation features in Dickens's merchant characters.}, language = {zh} } @misc{Zhao, author = {Zhao, Qingmei}, title = {Study on Harmonious Society of College Students Interpersonal Self-adjustment [和谐社会视域下大学生人际交往的自我调适], Master thesis, Ideological and Political Education, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2010}, abstract = {Interpersonal communication is not only access to information and opportunities as the basic channel, is also an important factor in the success or failure determine the cause. College Students in the 21st century knowledge economy and the backbone is of the mainstream, they are the hope of the nation, the motherland's future, shouldering the important task of building socialist modernization, the social relationships they are an important component. Particularly in the context of building a socialist harmonious society, the students interpersonal harmony or not related to the smooth realization of a harmonious society. Based on the lessons of previous studies based on the lack of useful and to Harmonious Society interpersonal communication for college students self-adjustment for the study. This subject is divided into four parts: The first part, Introduction. This section includes the research background, research review and research the content and methods. The second part, students an overview of interpersonal self-adjustment.- First, students self-adaptive content defined. This article reference in the Ci Hai >self< and >adjustment< based on the Definition of summarizing the content of Self Adjustment.- Secondly, the students inter-personal meaning and characteristics. In this paper, the content and relationships on the basis of comparative analysis, creatively summarize the content of interpersonal communication, and thus summarizes the students interpersonal meaning of self-adjustment. By the definition of interpersonal meaning, combined with the actual students summed up the students are the characteristics of interpersonal communication has four aspects: (1) the urgency of communication needs; (2) to highlight the personality and strong sense of independent exchanges. (3) interpersonal expansion of content areas; university exchanges for university students provides a very wide world; the majority of students in relationship with other people want to act in their own opinions, teachers or parents do not want too much interference. Again, students interpersonal theory of self-adjustment support. Students self-adjustment of interpersonal communication has a profound theoretical basis. Confucianism in ancient China, such as starting from the Mind almost made people believe that the inner virtue, based on human nature, emphasizing self-denial self-reflection, self complacent, and explored a set of more systematic and self-education method with oriental features; learn these ideas and method of self-adjustment of interpersonal communication has an important inspiration and reference. Also some foreign famous philosophers, such as Fromm, Kant and others have thought about self-education. Students of these ideas would be harmonious interpersonal self-adaptation theory.- Finally, the students interpersonal meaning of self-adjustment. Interpersonal Communication Students help to promote self-adaptive self-realization; help to promote the formation and development of self-consciousness; help students to maintain physical and mental health; help improve students personality. Students interpersonal self-adaptation in the improvement of college personality, to maintain physical and mental health, enhanced self-awareness and the promotion of self-worth has a significant, interaction in these areas are interrelated. Students improve character, to maintain physical and mental health, enhanced self-awareness is to promote the realization of self-worth based on the premise of the conditions and to promote the realization of self-worth is to improve students personality, to maintain physical and mental health, the ultimate goal of enhancing self-awareness. The third part, students interpersonal problems and causes of self-adjustment analysis.- First, students who show outstanding problems of interpersonal communication there are four main areas: (1) self-centered, emotional instability of interpersonal conflict, personality; (2) low self-esteem, create contacts and other psychological terror alert; (3) shy, closed own and other poor communication psychology; (4) addicted to the Internet caused a long-term loneliness, depression and other personality defects.- Second, the impact of interpersonal factors that college students are mainly two aspects of subjective and objective. Subjective factors include cognitive factors, emotional factors and personality factors. Objective factors include social, family-school aspects. The fourth part, students interpersonal self-adjustment of the principles and methods.- First, the students interpersonal self-adjustment of the basic principles. To the principles of equality, honesty, tolerance and so on principle.- Secondly, the students interpersonal self-adjustment of the main methods. In interpersonal conflicts, communication fear, poor communication, the network self-regulating aspects of addiction. Needs to be stressed is that students cultivate a harmonious interpersonal relations cannot do without the social, school and family and other environmental efforts, this article does not deny this. The past, scholars have most of these environment-pronged approach to explore students interpersonal adjustment measures, but this paper scholars on the basis that to solve the key problem is that students interpersonal self-adjustment of the Strategy, from the students themselves point of view Students of solving interpersonal harmony way.- In addition, this paper comparative research methods, literature search methods, history and logic of the method, deductive reasoning and inductive research methods, to extract from the whole social system starting on College Students interpersonal self-adjustment of the significance of interpersonal discord status and causes of, College Student Communication self-adjustment of the principles, methods and other issues for some useful exploration.}, language = {zh} } @misc{Zhao, author = {Zhao, Jing}, title = {On Fromm's Theory of Human Nature [弗洛姆人性理论探析], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China 2010.}, abstract = {Erich Fromm who is an American social philosopher, psychologist and ethicist, is an important representative personage of Frankfurt school of thought in the 20th century. Frankfurt school of thought about philosophy research of >human< holds the important status in the modern West, but as its main representative personage Fromm to be not allowed to neglect to the human nature research theory achievement to the entire westerner's study research contribution. Fromm devoted his whole life on the >people< issues of concern for people concerned about human nature, human alienation, and human liberation. His human nature theory is founded on the basis of the Freud's psycho-analysis mediates Marx to form about in person's theory foundation, simultaneously has also absorbed the Judea Christianity, the Zen Buddhism and so on outstanding cultural thought essence, is his entire social philosophy theory core and the cornerstone.- He receives Marx >person's liberation< this grand concept and the philosophy subject, takes root to person's attention in the real life, faces directly modern people's survival circumstances, may say that >the human nature theory< is the Fromm thought theory core. The human nature theory's basic connotation and so on three parts conducts system's research and the elaboration to its human nature theory's dialectical analysis, The attempt unearths its profound thought theory connotation, and in the dialectical analysis's foundation, wants to show its sincere academic value and to the real life guiding sense. Fromm devotes to the capitalist economy society disease's revelation and to the developed industry social person's disassimilation root exploration, The goal is liberates the human from the disassimilation condition, re-establishes person's in dependent status, realizes person's free development truly. We must a more profound assurance and dialectical ethics morals which, the philosophy of life, the political philosophy develops in his human nature theory to contain and so on this complex and have the depth topic, unearths its profound connotation and in-depth theory and the practical significance.}, language = {zh} } @misc{Ma, author = {Ma, Fujun}, title = {Fromm's Humanitarian Ethics and its Implications [弗洛姆人道主义伦理思想及其启示], Master thesis, Ethics, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China 2010.}, abstract = {Fromm as the twentieth century, the famous psychologist and humanitarian ethicists, his unique personal experience and the prevailing turbulent social environment is generated by its ideological premise of humanitarian ethics, his ideas mainly come from the Jewish humanitarian ethics, ethical thinking, Marx and Freud's theory, Bahe Fen's [巴霍芬, Ba hu{\`o} fēn] social theory and ideology of Zen. Human nature is based on Fromm humanitarian ethics. Human nature is the theoretical foundation of humanitarian ethics, and psychology from a psychoanalytic point of view of human nature, that human nature is >the presence of people inherent contradictions<, nature itself is not good and evil, good and evil is the two kinds of potential for meeting the >existing needs< and pointed out the existence of good and evil are two potential that achieve the status of the conditions are different, good is >the first potential< and evil is >the second potential< ,the realization of human potential for good and evil mainly influenced by external social. Fromm believed that the human has the highest values and the genuine self-realization as its main task of ethics. For this reason, Fromm thinks that >free<, >love<, >conscience< are main content of his humanitarian ethics, through the >free<, >love<, >conscience< categorized and described, it shows the real people self-realization must have a truly >free<, >love< and >conscience<. People also need to have a complete personality to realize themselves, from socialization, assimilation, pathology and values of the four angles, Fromm improves his personality theory and divides into healthy and unhealthy personality character. People really should have their own self-realization in addition to the above these qualities, the view from the external conditions, there should be a maximum value of human society, therefore, Fromm results the >healthy society< as the practice of humanitarian ethics. Fromm humanitarian ethics has its significance and contribution, Fromm explains his ethics from a new perspective, which has positive significance for the spirit of ethics and the development of Western Marxism Ethics, but Fromm's humanitarian ethics also has its limitations. Meanwhile, Fromm's humanitarian ethics improves a useful reference for the construction of harmonious society and the civic virtue building in our country.}, language = {zh} } @misc{Liu, author = {Liu, Weiwei}, title = {Marx's and Fromm's Alienation Comparative Study [马克思与弗洛姆异化观之比较研究], Master thesis, Marxist Philosophy, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China 2010.}, abstract = {In modern society, great wealth of human material, life changing. Personality, fashion, enjoy, Petty have become a trend. However, abundant material life doesn't give people the expected healthy spiritual life. Pressure, stress, emptiness, lost shadowing, often accompanied by about, people's spiritual life but into unprecedented anxiety and solitude. The face of this situation of human existence, people cannot help ask, why modern man's spiritual life are not with material development and the development? In order to in-depth understanding and analysis of this phenomenon, we need to analyze and compare the Theory of Alienation of Marx and Fromm. This article is sort of the two theories on alienation, carried out on the comparative analysis of both Theory of alienation, not only they see similarities between the two Alienation, but alos see two differences between Alienation. By comparing, this article hoping to find such a person living condition of the modern understanding of the key.}, language = {zh} } @misc{Song, author = {Song, Huifen}, title = {The Emotional Dilemma and the Exploration of Free Women - A Psychoanalytic Interpretation of >Love, Again< [自由女性的情感困境与出路 - 爱情》的精神分析解读], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China 2010 [Application of Fromm's theories to art]}, abstract = {Doris Lessing (born 1919) is one of the most famous writers in contemporary England In her novel >Love, Again< (1996), Lessing tries to put her focus on the emotional dilemma of the ignored old professional women at The novel describes a free professional woman Sarah Durham experiences the emotional confusion in the process of the pursuit of freedom and reveals the actual state of free women in contemporary society: in the emotional dilemma. The thesis analyzes Sarah's emotional dilemma and tries to find the possible way out of emotional dilemma. The thesis is based on the study of Sarah's life experiences with the help of Fromm's theory of love and freedom. The thesis attempts to interpret Love, Again from the perspective of psychoanalysis by analyzing its text in detail. It is composed of six parts.- In Chapter One a brief survey is made on Doris Lessing's life, her novel >Love, Again< and her concern for women reflected in her life. Also demonstrated is the structure of the thesis.- Chapter Two is Literature Review and Theoretical Foundation. Firstly, the previous critical studies from various angles on this novel are summarized. Then, psychoanalysis is introduced, which serves as the theoretical basis for the analysis to follow.- In the third chapter, based on the theory of psychoanalysis, through close reading of the novel, the illusion of women's emotional freedom in Love, Again is illustrated.- Chapter Four stresses the fact that free women are becoming increasingly confused in the illusion of freedom. Sarah gets the so-called freedom, but in this freedom Sarah feels lonely most of the time: the more freedom the more loneliness. In loneliness and trouble, Sarah gets comfort through dreams.- Chapter Five discusses what the novel conveys as a solution to Sarah's emotional dilemma-a solution similar to Fromm's proposal that man has to find >a new harmony< to man and nature, a relationship that connects the individual with the world without eliminating his individuality. >Real freedom< will be achieved in the fusion and understanding between the sexes.- The last part summarizes the present research and points out that >Love, Again< reflects Lessing's thinking on the emotional problem of >free women<: the real freedom of women should not be confined to the external freedom or independence signified in >a room of one's own<; it depends more on the harmonious relationship between women and men, women and nature.}, language = {zh} } @misc{Xie, author = {Xie, Xinqiu}, title = {The Writer as Migrant: Reading Ha Jin's Novels as Metahistorical Fiction [我以我心荐轩辕:解读哈金小说的元历史性] English Language and Literature, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, China 2010 [application of Fromm's theories to art].}, abstract = {本论文旨在探讨作家哈金的历史情结和他十余部作品中一贯的关于当代中国的历史叙事。我的论文主题是:解读哈金作品为元历史小说(Metahistorical Fiction);区别于琳达•哈契(Linda Hutcheon)解读后现代小说而得出的史学性元小说(Historiographic Metafiction)。由于篇幅所限,笔者主要选取哈金的三部长篇小说《战废品》,《等待》和《疯狂》作三章来讨论。理由在于三部小说均为作者有代表性的重要作品,而且将三部小说叙事的历史背景连接起来即可基本构成整个当代中国历史的风云变迁。哈金早期赋予自身的>代言人<身份和该身份引起的持久的笔伐争议是我思考其历史叙事合法性的肇始和论文写作的切入点。哈金阐释的由康拉德和纳博科夫开启的移民作家英语写作传统和海登•怀特(Hayden White)的元历史理论(Metahistory)是提领该论文理论参照。而各章节在分析每一部小说叙事特点和具体的理论运用上各有其相对的独立性。第一章运用E.L. Doctorow关于虚构和历史的真实性的理论阐述《伪造文书》(>False Document<)来分析小说《战废品》中再现的抗美援朝战争时期中国战俘的历史记忆。第二章主要分析小说《等待》中爱情故事和历史叙事的互文并置来探讨个人追求与历史背景的关系。第三章意在运用R.D Laing的《The Divided Self: An Existential Study of Sanity and Madness》和Erich Fromm的《The Sane Society》分析小说《疯狂》中借>癫狂者<之口叙述历史。哈金在其写作主题转型的纠结过程里否定自己前期>代言人<身份。笔者于后记中就此主题矛盾和哈金开始涉及的身份认同政治学(The Politics of Identity)亦有探讨,认为他期望摆脱其备受争议的代言人<角色而转变为一个华裔美国作家。正如怀特分析总结的西方十九世纪史学(Historiography)和历史哲学(Philosophy of History)的各种历史认知和书写方式,窃以为该论文的意义在于通过分析哈金以其中国经验为素材写就的小说发掘其叙写历史的客观意图并提出以一种客观,包容和多元的态度观照另一种历史书写的可能性。}, language = {zh} } @misc{Yan, author = {Yan, Jiezhi}, title = {On Distorted Love: Psychoanalytical Interpretation of Toni Morrison's >Love< [论畸形的爱—托尼•莫里森《爱》的心理解读], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2010 [application of Fromm's theories to art].}, abstract = {美国黑人女作家托尼•莫里森一直以来都关怀、同情黑人妇女这一边缘群体,并关注黑人女性在充斥着父权制和种族歧视的社会中的命运。在其2003年发表的小说《爱》中,莫里森展示了历史、种族、性别等诸多因素作用下维系黑人民族的最基本的情感-爱,并以爱的扭曲与复原为主线探讨并指出:黑人家庭和社区中诸多矛盾的解决都需要爱的力量。本论文以心理学家弗洛姆和罗杰斯的理论为依据,探讨了畸形之爱产生的原因及解决的方法。首先,论文通过分析《爱》中畸形之爱的表现形式,如畸形的母女关系、黑人女性之间失败的友谊以及畸形的婚姻,展示了黑人女性的边缘化地位。在小说《爱》中,种族歧视和父权制使人与人的关系发生扭曲。爱的异化使深厚的母女感情和纯真的友谊演变为彼此间的敌对和仇恨,婚姻也在这种力量的催化下摇摇欲坠。其次,论文探讨《爱》中畸形之爱产生的原因。父母之爱缺失的转移、人性弱点的投射和父权种族主义的压抑共同产生作用,使原本美好的爱扭曲变形。最后,论文为黑人女性走出畸形之爱指明一条道路。罗杰斯认为人性本善,有自我实现的发展潜力;他创立的当事人中心疗法主张:要真心关怀当事人的感情,在真诚和谐的关系中启发当事人运用自我发展潜力促进自身的健康成长,增强自信心。而在小说《爱》中,黑人女性个体和社区充当的就是心理治疗师的角色。基于以上分析,论文认为:异化的爱虽具极强的摧毁力,但爱作为黑人民族凝聚力的象征,在黑人女性个体和黑人社区的共同努力下得以回归。}, language = {zh} } @misc{Wan, author = {Wan, Jiezhi}, title = {On Distorted Love: Psychoanalytical Interpretation of Toni Morrison's >Love< [论畸形的爱—托尼•莫里森《爱》的心理解读], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2010 [Application of Fromm's theories to art].}, abstract = {美国黑人女作家托尼•莫里森一直以来都关怀、同情黑人妇女这一边缘群体,并关注黑人女性在充斥着父权制和种族歧视的社会中的命运。在其2003年发表的小说《爱》中,莫里森展示了历史、种族、性别等诸多因素作用下维系黑人民族的最基本的情感-爱,并以爱的扭曲与复原为主线探讨并指出:黑人家庭和社区中诸多矛盾的解决都需要爱的力量。本论文以心理学家弗洛姆和罗杰斯的理论为依据,探讨了畸形之爱产生的原因及解决的方法。首先,论文通过分析《爱》中畸形之爱的表现形式,如畸形的母女关系、黑人女性之间失败的友谊以及畸形的婚姻,展示了黑人女性的边缘化地位。在小说《爱》中,种族歧视和父权制使人与人的关系发生扭曲。爱的异化使深厚的母女感情和纯真的友谊演变为彼此间的敌对和仇恨,婚姻也在这种力量的催化下摇摇欲坠。其次,论文探讨《爱》中畸形之爱产生的原因。父母之爱缺失的转移、人性弱点的投射和父权种族主义的压抑共同产生作用,使原本美好的爱扭曲变形。最后,论文为黑人女性走出畸形之爱指明一条道路。罗杰斯认为人性本善,有自我实现的发展潜力;他创立的当事人中心疗法主张:要真心关怀当事人的感情,在真诚和谐的关系中启发当事人运用自我发展潜力促进...}, language = {zh} } @misc{Deng, author = {Deng, Ceng}, title = {The Alienation Factors and Ways of Self-salvation in Hemingway's Works [海明威作品中的异化因素及其自我拯救之路], Master thesis, Comparative Literature and World Literature, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2010 [application of Fromm's theories to art].}, abstract = {>异化<是指:在异己力量的作用下,人类丧失了自我与本质,丧失了主体性,丧失了精神自由,丧失了个性,人变成了非人,人格趋于分化。目前评论界的各国研究学者在分析海明威作品时,都承认海明威笔下的世界是一个充满战争、暴力、邪恶、堕落、恐惧和绝望的荒诞世界,充分肯定了海明威对人生异化感、荒诞感、虚无感的体认。本文试图以海明威作品作为研究考察的对象,运用西方马克思异化理论对西方这个荒诞、虚无的异化世界进行深入剖析,讨论分析其包含的异化因素,并探究海明威通过文学书写所积极倡导的反抗异化的人类自我拯救之路。本文共分五个部分,第一部分为引言和文献综述,第二部分析海明威小说中异化因素形成的社会背景及其成因,第三部分分别从社会生产领域、消费领域、人的心理领域三个方面阐述了小说所呈现的的异化因素,第四部分则从塑造硬汉子英雄、建立与大地的联系、远离物化世界回归大自然来分析海明威对抗异化的自我拯救之路。第五部分为结语。笔者以马克思和弗洛姆的异化说为理论支持,通过对海明威作品的解读,探讨涵盖在海明威小说里的异化因素,归纳整理出海明威在面对异化世界的积极自我拯救的抗争之路。}, language = {zh} } @misc{Blaha, author = {Blaha, Georg Richard}, title = {Lateinamerikanische Aspekte zu Humanismus und Identit{\"a}t ausgehend von Arbeiten Erich Fromms und Paulo Freires, Master thesis, Philosophy, Faculty of Philosophy and Educational Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria 2010, 153 pp. [doi.org/10.25365/thesis.13155]}, abstract = {>Die geschichtliche Aufgabe des Menschen ist es, menschlicher zu werden< - Paulo Freire >Wenn jemand zu stark unterdr{\"u}ckt wird, m{\"u}ssen wir ihm erlauben, weniger unterdr{\"u}ckt zu werden.< - Erich Fromm Es ist Aufgabe der Menschheit, Geschichte miteinander zu erleben, es ist Aufgabe des Menschen, andere von Angst zu befreien. Rationale Wege zur gesellschaftlichen Befreiung von Angst als Basis friedlichen Zusammenlebens sind das zentrale Anliegen meiner philosophischen Arbeiten. Zentral in dieser Arbeit sind die Begriffe Freiheit und Befreiung als Wege aus Angst und Unterdr{\"u}ckung, wof{\"u}r in der Hauptsache die Werke Furcht Vor Der Freiheit von Erich Fromm und P{\"a}dagogik Der Unterdr{\"u}ckten von Paulo Freire behandelt werden. Die Wahl fiel auf diese Autoren, weil sie einander als Fl{\"u}chtlinge und Exilanten am CIDOC in Cuernavaca trafen, wo in interkultureller Begegnung intensiv diskutiert wurde. Die vorliegende Arbeit umfasst einen historischen Teil, welcher dazu dient, die Herleitung des Gesellschaftscharakters zu illustrieren. Ein weiterer Abschnitt umfasst die Diskussion der beiden genannten Werke, im letzten Kapitel wird das zuvor Erarbeitete hinsichtlich der Begriffe Entfremdung und Angst reflektiert und {\"u}ber den Subjekt-Objekt Begriff der Autoren der Versuch unternommen, mit dem Begriff der Geborgenheit oder Intimit{\"a}t einen Denkweg aus der Angst zu finden. Wir k{\"o}nnten ihn Liebe nennen.}, language = {de} } @misc{Kania, author = {Kania, Paweł}, title = {Wizja zdrowego społeczeństwa Ericha Fromma [Vision of the Sane Society of Erich Fromm], Master's thesis, Law, Faculty of Law and Administration, Jagiellonian University in Krak{\´o}w, Poland 2010.}, language = {pl} } @misc{Zhou, author = {Zhou, Feifei}, title = {The Language View of Zen - A New Perspective from Integrated Linguistics [禅的语言观—整合语言学提供的新视角], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China 2010 [application of Fromm's theories to art].}, abstract = {语言在禅宗中一直以来都是一个备受争议的话题。禅宗一方面提出>不立文字<,另一方面又坚持>不离文字<。对这两种对立观点的历史背景进行一番探索应该也会让我们对禅宗的语言观有更深的了解。但本文没有从这里取道,而是将禅宗中一种重要的语言形式——公案置于本文观照的中心,目的在于从日常交流语境中对禅的语言作一番审视。基于Erich Fromm, Thomas P. Kasulis, Dales Wright and LiuNing Zhou等人的研究,本文一方面展示了这些论著的内部逻辑,另一方面试图通过进一步发展这种逻辑来延伸讨论的方向。通过对这些论著的严密讨论,本文表明在禅宗、心理分析和后现代哲学流派间建立对话的可能性。引用这些论著中的某些比喻,我们可以这样做一番总结:以上研究从把语言作为>过滤器<到把语言作为>水库<;引用这些论著中的某些术语,我们又可以总结:以上研究从>语言<过渡到>行动<,从>公案<过渡到>交流活动<。为了将>公案<置于禅师和学生的日常生活的真实交流场景中,本文考察了整合语言学的理论构思,从两个方面展示了在其与禅宗这两者之间建立对话的可能性。显而易见,两者在挑战传统的语言和交流范畴上异曲同工,更为重要的是,它们都凸显交流活动中的交流主体并比其他语言学研究更重视交流主体的个体性。综上所述,本文希望通过这一全新的研究视角进一步探讨禅宗的语言观。}, language = {zh} } @misc{Tang, author = {Tang, Xiaoqing}, title = {Research on Moral Evaluation of Network Communication [网络传播方式的道德评价研究], Master thesis, Ethics, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 2010.}, abstract = {道德评价的目的是对不道德的行为形成一种威慑和遏制力,对道德的行为形成一种奖励和鼓动力,并在社会中形成一种向善的价值取向和道德风尚,促进人们道德水平的提升,并最终促进人的全面发展。道德评价对于人们道德的形成和习惯的养成占有一个举足轻重的地位,那么是什么力量促使人们参与道德评价?这个力量形成了一个什么样的道德评价机制?如何进一步完善和践行好这个道德评价机制?带着这些疑问我选择了写这篇论文。本论文是借鉴对中国影响较大学者——如罗国杰、魏英敏等伦理学家的思想,对西方当代影响中国深广的伦理思想家——如萨特、弗洛伊德、弗洛姆等思想进行分析,论证道德评价的社会功能和历史文化意义,并将这些理论分析的观点运用到范美忠事件上,实际地论证道德评价的社会功能。笔者认为,个人的社会利益、良心、名誉是道德评价实现其道德作用的三个最基本的因素,只有在充分调动这三个因素的基础之上,道德评价机制才会得到完善,道德评价作用才会得到充分展现。论文进一步分析了良心和名誉完善的措施,从道德教育和道德修养两个方面来分别阐述激发人的良心和名誉的方法。在网络传播方式中,以范美忠事件为例分析这些方法的实际效果,从而证明道德评价机制实施的可取性和操作性。本论文将理论和实践相结合,以个案分析为手段,具体证实了个人的社会利益、良心和名誉在道德评价中的重要性。网络是社会的延续、拓展和放大器,比现实道德评价更具有舆论场,更能体现道德评价机制的运行。本论文最终阐明了其观点:网络传播方式的道德评价的最终目的不是让公民接受惩罚,而是通过一系列措施形成威慑和遏制力,让公民知道自己的错误之所在,并有悔改之心,唤起所有公民真正的良知,并在社会中形成一种向善的价值取向和道德风尚,促进人们道德水平的提升,并最终促进人的全面发展。}, language = {zh} } @misc{GarciaArguetaetal, author = {Garc{\´i}a Argueta, Ana Flor and et al.,}, title = {El tratamiento informative que le dio La Prensa Gr{\´a}fica al tema de homicidios en las p{\´a}ginas noticiosas durante Noviembre de 2009 a Febrero de 2010, Thesis, Journalism, Journalism Department, Faculty of Sciences and Humanities, University of El Salvador, El Salvador 2010, 131+7 pp., Spanish. [repositorio.ues.edu.sv/server/api/core/bitstreams/bb406101-b9a4-44b5-9e28-b58466c55320/content]}, abstract = {[Introduction] En el Salvador el tema de la violencia, espec{\´i}ficamente los homicidios se han posicionado en los diferentes medios de comunicaci{\´o}n y especialmente en las p{\´a}ginas noticiosas de La Prensa Gr{\´a}fica, quienes le dan cobertura de principio a fin a estos sucesos. Es por ello que la presente indagaci{\´o}n se centr{\´o}, en el tratamiento period{\´i}stico que le dio La Prensa Gr{\´a}fica al tema de homicidios, durante un periodo determinado. Adem{\´a}s explica las caracter{\´i}sticas y evoluci{\´o}n que present{\´o} el fen{\´o}meno en el pa{\´i}s. En la presente investigaci{\´o}n de car{\´a}cter cualitativo, se obtuvieron resultados que explicaron c{\´o}mo fue tratado el fen{\´o}meno por este medio y sus comunicadores, pero eso no es todo, resulta m{\´a}s interesante conocer sobre el grado de manipulaci{\´o}n existente en la notas que publica. En su primer cap{\´i}tulo, el documento explica cu{\´a}l es el objeto de la investigaci{\´o}n, brinda las pautas necesarias para comprender el fen{\´o}meno del tratamiento period{\´i}stico de la problem{\´a}tica (homicidios), tambi{\´e}n encontramos los objetivos, limitaciones y alcances del estudio. En este apartado se podr{\´a}n encontrar tambi{\´e}n generalidades como el tipo de investigaci{\´o}n y su delimitaci{\´o}n espacio- temporal. En el cap{\´i}tulo II, se explican las consideraciones te{\´o}rico conceptuales, se encuentran definidos aquellos estudios que por su importancia y grado de similitud podr{\´i}an ser tomados en cuenta como antecedentes de esta investigaci{\´o}n; de igual forma, la perspectiva desde la cual se abord{\´o}. Tambi{\´e}n contiene el sistema de conceptos necesario para el an{\´a}lisis e interpretaci{\´o}n de algunos aspectos del trabajo. En el cap{\´i}tulo III se encuentra la metodolog{\´i}a, explica puntualmente el proceder que se sigui{\´o} en este estudio: La teor{\´i}a, las t{\´e}cnicas de obtenci{\´o}n de datos y los procedimientos de an{\´a}lisis, entre otras cosas. Finalmente, en el cuarto capitulo est{\´a} la exposici{\´o}n de resultados; esta es la parte m{\´a}s importante, ya que expone la evidencia recabada en la indagaci{\´o}n, cumpliendo as{\´i} los objetivos trazados.}, language = {es} }