@article{Khantzian, author = {Khantzian, Edward J.}, title = {A Clinical Perspective of the Cause-Consequence Controversy in Alcoholic and Addictive Suffering}, series = {The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 15 (1987), pp. 521-538.}, journal = {The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 15 (1987), pp. 521-538.}, language = {en} } @article{Khantzian, author = {Khantzian, Edward J.}, title = {When feeling is unbearable. Commentary on paper by Paul Williams}, series = {Psychoanalytic Dialogues, Vol. 15 (2005), pp. 613-619.}, journal = {Psychoanalytic Dialogues, Vol. 15 (2005), pp. 613-619.}, abstract = {The author discusses papers by Director and Burton, placing their work in a context of contemporary psychoanalytic models for understanding addictive behavior. Whereas early psychoanalytic models stressed drive theory and a topographic model of the mind, the contemporary models discussed here emphasize themes of dissociation - integration, helplessness - omnipotence, self-organization, and relational therapy. The author considers how these modern themes resonate with psychoanalytic formulations of addictive vulnerability that have considered disturbances in affect recognition/tolerance, self-esteem, relationships, and self-care. The author concludes by suggesting that the dyadic paradigms advanced by Director and Burton likely have implications for psychodynamic group treatments.}, language = {en} }