@misc{Zhou, author = {Zhou, Tianjuan}, title = {The Rise and Fall of the Brodie Myth - Assessment of the Muriel Spark's Novel >The Young Miss Brodie< [布罗迪神话的兴衰 - 评缪丽尔•斯帕克的小说《布罗迪小姐的青春》], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China 2005 [Application of Fromm's theories to art]}, abstract = {For the >mythmaker< novelist Muriel Spark, >The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie< is a myth of her creation, and Miss Jean Brodie in the novel also makes endeavor of her own in the mythmaking. This thesis is, by pointing out the predestining influence on it of the epic Paradise Lost, provides an analysis of the rise and fall of the Brodie myth in the novel as a dramatization of Muriel Spark's concern with the existential dichotomy intrinsic to the machinery of human fate and the glimmering of humanism shown through the novel, which conforms to Erich Fromm's theories of humanistic social analysis brought herein as a tentative approach facilitating literary interpretation. The first two chapters, though centering respectively on the two main characters, Miss Jean Brodie and Stranger Sandy, actually have the same gist within: both are the embodiment of human endeavor to unshackle the limitations intrinsic to destiny and instrumental to the existential dichotomy. However, difference in the agent of the endeavoring act, that is, in chapter one, Miss Jean Brodie's, and in the second chapter, Sandy's, defines the rise and the fall of the Brodie myth, main plot of the whole story. In Brodie's exercise of free will and power to achieve her identity and self-realization, the myth is formed, and when it is ripe for Sandy to wield her own freedom of choice, the myth is disenchanted. Therefore, these two processes intertwine with each other, unfolding the mechanism of the whole plot.- Chapter one proposes that the Brodie myth is for both Muriel Spark and simultaneously, for Miss Jean Brodie, and then there is a discussion of man's living conditions where there is a gap between an ideal life and a lived life. Erich Fromm's theory of human needs is employed, which offers further insight into man's existential dichotomy and the contingency he is bound to meet. Besides, his definition of character orientations is used to ease interpretation of the complex relationship of the characters in the novel, crucial to the basis of the rise of the Brodie myth. One with an exploitive orientation, Miss Brodie assumes satanic image, holding sway over both the Brodie set and her two lovers in the Macia Blaine School. On the part of the controlled, Mary is a paradigmatic one, representation of the receptive character orientation submissive to the authoritarianism of Miss Brodie, which reinforces Miss Brodie's unchecked power-wielding for her self -realization.- The second chapter focuses on Sandy Stranger's pursuit of identity and self-realization. She is the only one in the Brodie set who is not overwhelmed by Miss Brodie's domination. What is more, a perceptive mind enables her to >research< the reality and Miss Brodie in a new light, science, imagination and personal experiences being the instrument with which she cultivates a reasonable faith from an erroneous faith, a humanistic conscience from an authoritarian conscience. However, there are occasions of bewilderment for Sandy, reminiscent of Adam and Eve who aspire after knowledge about the formation of the Universe. Fromm's theory of faith and conscience forms the grounding for delineating Sandy's change, which is a simultaneous process to her position of antagonism to Miss Brodie, whose retire for fascist propaganda heralds the fall of a myth.- The third and last chapter is about the epiphany of the rise and fall of the Brodie myth for both the readers and for Sandy herself. With Miss Brodie's downfall and her conversion to the Catholicism, Sandy is still not free from an ambiguous situation. This ambiguity is examined with corroboration of Muriel Spark's experience in conversion, and Sandy's case is characteristic of one of the Sparkian morals - to know good from evil, same to Adam and Eve. Fromm's humanistic stance for man's freedom and potentiality is emphasized here, which conforms to Muriel Spark's intention with literary creation. For all the dichotomy Sandy is stuck in, there is glimmering of humanism shined with her potential for development, suggestive of the humanistic streak in Muriel Spark. The predestining influence of Paradise Lost finds voice in The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie<, with many prototypes in the paradise myth revisioned to take on enriched implications. The message revealed can be theoretically interpreted through Erich Fromm's humanistic social analysis, which provides insights on aspects such as human needs, character orientations, man's possibility and potentiality, and the like. The core of this theoretical system is to highlight humanism and a meaningful existence for individuals, which coincides with Muriel Spark's moral in this novel. This initiative to employ the humanistic social analysis for interpretation of a post-modernist novel does not prove to be fruitless. Much leaves to be done in terms of researches on either Muriel Spark's literary creation or Erich Fromm's theoretical system, the combination of which may turn out more fruitfully. Further study will merit the effort exerted up to now, and all the same, it might be hoped that a cross-disciplinary tentativeness, as has been explored by many forerunners, will ever shed light on a puzzled mind when facing literary works so compelling to the sensory yet, no less challenging to the intelligence.}, language = {zh} } @article{Zheng, author = {Zheng, Shumei}, title = {Fromm's >Social Unconscious< - Read >Beyond the Chains of Illusion< [弗洛姆及其>社会无意识<——读《在幻想连锁的彼岸》感想之一 ]}, series = {Journal of Jiangxi Radio \& TV University [江西广播电视大学学报], No. 1 (2005), pp. 10-12.}, journal = {Journal of Jiangxi Radio \& TV University [江西广播电视大学学报], No. 1 (2005), pp. 10-12.}, abstract = {本文了弗洛姆提出的社探讨会无意识范畴的理论及现实意义,并简要论述了弗洛姆对弗洛伊德精神分析理论和马克思社会理论综合的重要思想。}, language = {zh} } @misc{Zhang, author = {Zhang, Xiaodong}, title = {Decoding Emily Dickinson's Reclusive Life [解读艾米莉•狄金森的隐居生活], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China 2005 [Application of Fromm's theories to art].}, abstract = {Based on the study of Fromm's theory, this thesis is an attempt to examine Dickinson's life and poetry, with the aim of exploring the mystery of her reclusive life. Upon examining Emily Dickinson's life experience, poetry and letters, the author of the present thesis has found that Dickinson's way of life is just the same way as Fromm argues in his Escape from Freedom. Her life and poems can be regarded as her meditation upon the phenomena which Fromm's theory covers. Just as Fromm argues that human beings have a deep longing for freedom, but at the same time fear nothing as much as that very freedom. Freedom for humans ends psychologically in solitude, isolation and fear. In order to overcome fear and loneliness, man has to escape. Fromm calls it >mechanism of escape<. There are several ways to escape. But there is only one way that can lead to >positive freedom<. It's identical with the full realization of the individual's potentialities, together with his ability to create something actively and spontaneously. Dickinson experienced the same process as Fromm argues. She wanted to seek freedom, to keep her individuality. But the earthly world confined her. Freedom for her, ended in solitude, isolation and fear. But she would rather be alone than lose herself. She preferred to give up the public world and chose to live in seclusion to create her own world. Her reclusive life was her intentional choice to achieve >positive freedom<. In the world of her poetry, in active and spontaneous creation, she achieved spiritual freedom and self-realization.}, language = {zh} } @article{Zhang, author = {Zhang, Heping}, title = {An Analysis of Erich Fromm's >Escape from Freedom< [ 试论弗洛姆的>逃避自由<说]}, series = {Journal of Northwest Normal University (Social Siences) [西北师大学报(社会科学版)], No. 2 (2005), pp. 105-110.}, journal = {Journal of Northwest Normal University (Social Siences) [西北师大学报(社会科学版)], No. 2 (2005), pp. 105-110.}, abstract = {Fromm's theory, >escape freedom<, regards gaining freedom and losing freedom as the two extremes of the intergrowth, which means the more freedom human beings have, the more freedom they lose. It is the freedom that human beings get, which leads to the fascism. This consequence is due to the mental mechanism of human beings. The implications of this theory are: that freedom and democracy should be combined with the social system; the innovation of political system should be implemented practically and the innovation of political system should be implemented practically and concretely.}, language = {zh} } @article{Zhang, author = {Zhang, Heping}, title = {A Brief Discussion on Fromm's Humanistic Ethics [略析弗洛姆的人本主义伦理学]}, series = {Journal of Southwest Normal University (Social Sciences Edition) [西南师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)], No. 2 (2005), pp. 10-16.}, journal = {Journal of Southwest Normal University (Social Sciences Edition) [西南师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)], No. 2 (2005), pp. 10-16.}, abstract = {Fromm founded his ethics on the basis of noumenon of people. He engaged in an original study on the humanity, on the people's character structure and on the ethical standard. That study supplied our country's ethical construction with worthly enlightenment and deserved to be study conscientiously. There is no denying that the study also have many problem to be eliminated, such as the abstract, ponder and perceive, which had been criticized by Marx.}, language = {zh} } @misc{Yu, author = {Yu, Ziyou}, title = {Paradox and Tragedy - Dystopian Novel Research, Master thesis [悖论与悲剧 - 反乌托邦小说《我们》研究], Comparative Literature and World Literature, Sichuan University, Shengdu, Sichuan, China 2005 [application of Fromm's theories to art].}, abstract = {The famous anti-utopian novel >We<, which was written by Zamyatin, the famous writer in Russian Silver Ages, is the object investigated The paper analyzed the constitution, operation, ethics and the paradox of subsistence in the future of the world in the novel, and revealed some super-ideological considerations and forecast for the human society by Zamyatin.- First, the constitution of the society and the government in the Only State are analyzed and compared with >1984< and >Brave New World<, and I analyzed the operation of the Only State in four aspects: production, distribution, political system and law. So we can discover some basic exterior features, such as the annihilation of the imparity, average ration system, direct vote by all of the people, and the essence of autarchy and totalitarianism which were concealed by the exterior, then we can sum up the morals and the measures of value in the Only State. It has been proved in the beginning of the second part that the Only State is an objectizational world by the personalism of the famous Russian philosopher БЕРДЯЕВ [Berdyaev] and the viewpoints in the book Escape from Freedom by the eminent American scholar Erich Fromm.- Then the paper analyzed the four morals and the measures of value one by one: the negation of freedom, the negation of individual, absolute rationalism, absolute equality, and the paradox which cannot be overcome by themselves. This was the roots of the numbers' tragedy.- In the third part, I analyzed Zamyatin's consciousness and some super-ideological considerations and forecast in the novel: 1. The Universal Messiah, a kind of compelling salvation which always personated as >for freedom<, >for felicity<, >for national security<; 2. The dissimilation of human being, the people must be trained and work like machines; 3. totalitarianism and personality cult; 4. Entropy and anti-entropy, including Zamyatin's thoughts - fighting ossification and endless revolution. These thoughts were looked upon as >heresy< because of the ideological parochialism and the short sight of the age and the society, it was the cause of Zamyatin's personal tragedy.- The fourth part mostly discussed the significance of We in the history of literature. It opposed some trends of thought in literature and society since the October Revolution in Russian Silver Ages, including fighting for the literary hegemony; and in Russian literature of twentieth-century, it foreshowed that the repenting literature mode died out of the Russia, which would be superseded by the socialist realism and the hero literature mode in the days of Stalin; in world literature of twentieth-century, it was the beginning of the twentieth-century anti-utopian novel. The publishing time of >We< was the earliest and it's accomplishment was the highest. It is not only in the only State in the novel that the paradox exists and the numbers' tragedy did not have no realistic roots. Also it is not a personal tragedy to Zamyatin or many other writers in the Silver Age, the Silver Age had the same fate, they were all the tragedies in the age and the social environment.}, language = {zh} } @article{Ye, author = {Ye, Xiaolu}, title = {On Fromm's Criticism of Human Self-alienation from the >Social Character< and >Social Unconscious< - Significance of the Ethics [从>社会性格<和>社会无意识<看弗洛姆对人的自我异化的批判——人本主义伦理学的意义]}, series = {Lanzhou Academic Journal [兰州学刊] No. 6 (2005), pp. 81-83.}, journal = {Lanzhou Academic Journal [兰州学刊] No. 6 (2005), pp. 81-83.}, abstract = {本文通过对弗洛姆修正弗洛伊德理论后提出的两个新概念———>社会性格<和>社会无意识<的分析,阐明资产阶级意识形态范围的进一步扩大以及人的自我异化的进一步深化。但弗洛姆对此并不悲观失望,他提出了人本主义的伦理学以应对这种情况,这一思想到现在还很有启发意义。}, language = {zh} } @misc{Wu, author = {Wu, Fengcheng}, title = {人的全面發展如何可能:佛洛姆教育理論研究 [How Comprehensive Human Development is Possible: A Study of Fromm's Theory of Education], Doctoral dissertation, Institute of East Asian Studies, National Chengchi University, Taiwan 2005.}, abstract = {佛洛姆雖然沒有提出系統的教育理論,但其理論以人的全面發展、充分誕生為目標,以建立人本主義的社會主義社會為理想,冀望人人覺悟異化的實相,努力克服非理性的熱情與性格,發展生產性格,以解決生存的矛盾,而能夠健全的生活,實具有教育理論的內涵。本文所嘗試為其建立的教育理論,奠基於其人性論、異化論與歷史唯物論,既重視人本身人性力量的發揮,也重視社會整體結構對人發展的影響,有別於先前對其教育理論探討者之忽視社會結構的分析。其人性論承繼馬克思的人性論,以自由而有意識的活動的社會存有為人的本質,同時又根據其心理分析實踐的反思,以內在於人生存處境的矛盾為人的本質。人要獲得自由,必須擴大對自己無意識的覺察,從無意識的壓抑中解放出來。在最深的無意識中,人可以覺察到普遍的人性,而體驗到與所有人類為一體。一般人無法意識到如此深的無意識,但如能意識到其性格結構、社會性格、社會無意識、社會的意識形態等,則能覺察到諸種壓抑其自由發展的內、外在障礙。資本主義社會的生產方式,促使人發展非生產性的市場性格、接受性格等異化的性格,又發展出產業與人工頭腦時代的宗教,來強化這些性格。人由這些非生產性格發展出貪婪、自戀、亂倫固著、威權性格、破壞性等非理性熱情,又屈從於匿名權威,成為自動機器人,遂不得自由發展。人由生產性的工作、工作社群、產業民主、健全消費、全民參與式民主、集體藝術、人本主義的宗教與教育,可以發展生產性格結構,發展生產性的愛與理性的力量,以克服與自我、他人、自然異化的生存矛盾,而達到與世界合一的真我,真正得到自由的發展。生產性格者能夠帶動產生更多的生產性格者,一個社會若有許多生產性格者,就能逐漸轉變社會盛行的價值與觀念,進而逐漸轉變社會性格與社會的生產方式。佛洛姆以生產性的愛為基礎的認識論,和格物致知的修養功夫相似,必須格除私欲,克服自戀等非理性熱情,以無我的愛與世界關聯,心清淨無染,才能看清世界。在這個基礎上,才能發展愛與理性的能力,及其他的人性潛能。故學為聖人,放下自我,從自我的牢籠中脫離出來,乃人得以自由發展的重要關鍵。以「存有」情態學習人類導師與人本宗教的教誨,知行合一的實踐博愛,能夠克服自戀,發展生產性格。能相當程度的發展生產性格,解決生存矛盾之後,才能健全的生活,發展各種人性潛能。生產性格的教育者與領導人「作之君、作之親、作之師」,將家庭、學校、公司等小團體,建立成以愛生性為導向的學習社會,可以促進所有成員生產性格的發展。這種學習社會可以漸次擴大,而將整個社會、國家建立成以愛生性為導向的團體。經由教育者的愛與人格典範、童蒙養正、教勞結合、內在自我實現動機的啟發、落實所教內容、對受教者的信心,可以幫助人發展生產性格,克服異化。教育學的理論與實踐,應更重視整體社會結構與歷史對人的影響,應更重視德育對人整體發展的影響,避免將自私、異化的人視為常態,而應以幫助人發展成生產性格者為目標去進行研究與實踐。}, language = {zh} } @book{WidodoSukmoko, author = {Widodo, Martinus Satya and Sukmoko, Didik Adi}, title = {Cinta dan Keterasingan dalam Masyarakat Modern: Kritik Erich Fromm terhadap Kapitalisme, Yogyakarta (Narasi) 2005, 107 pp.}, language = {mul} } @misc{Whitehead, author = {Whitehead, Clay C.}, title = {Review Francois Rachline: Don Juan's Wager}, series = {The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 33 (2005), pp. 571-572.}, journal = {The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 33 (2005), pp. 571-572.}, language = {en} } @article{Whitehead, author = {Whitehead, Clay C.}, title = {The Theory of Knowledge and the Third Psychoanalytic Revolution}, series = {The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 33 (2005), pp. 287-298.}, journal = {The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 33 (2005), pp. 287-298.}, language = {en} } @article{Whitehead, author = {Whitehead, Clay C.}, title = {A New Paradigm for the Third Psychoanalytic Revolution}, series = {The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 33 (2005), pp. 425-430.}, journal = {The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 33 (2005), pp. 425-430.}, language = {en} } @book{Wehr, author = {Wehr, Helmut}, title = {Große Denker - Erich Fromm. Eine Einf{\"u}hrung, Wiesbaden (Panorama) 2005, 144 p.}, language = {de} } @article{Wasyluk, author = {Wasyluk, Pjotr}, title = {Etyka Ericha Fromma [Erich Fromm's Ethics], in: W. Tulibacki and A. Mo{\'{z}}dzierz (Eds.): Świat człowieka w perspektywie wiedzy humanistycznej [The world of Man in the Perspective of Humanistic Knowledge], Olsztyn (Olsztyn Higher School J{\´o}zef Rusiecki), Poland 2005, pp. 191-209.}, language = {pl} } @article{Wangh, author = {Wangh, Stephen}, title = {The World Trade Center Disaster and the Apocalyptic}, series = {Psychoanalytic Dialogues, Vol. 15 (2005), pp. 001-016.}, journal = {Psychoanalytic Dialogues, Vol. 15 (2005), pp. 001-016.}, abstract = {This author posits that, perhaps because of its religious implications, psychoanalysis has historically avoided speaking of forgiveness, although playwrights have often depicted forgiveness as a psychological mechanism that can help resolve cycles of anger and revenge. The Laramie Project (Kaufman et al., 2001), a play about how a U.S. town deals with a murder and its aftermath, provides an example of the way in which forgiveness offers an exit from vengeance. The play points to both the positive and the negative roles that religious ideas play in human actions. At the same time, however, the play itself avoids some of the painful processes that enable human beings to locate forgiveness. This paper draws on psychoanalytic literature, social commentary, and plays by Aeschylus and Shakespeare to demonstrate how the mechanisms of forgiveness operate. In conclusion, it suggests that although enabling the psychological processes of forgiveness can be extremely difficult, ignoring these processes may be life-threatening.}, language = {en} } @article{Wangh, author = {Wangh, Stephen}, title = {Theorizing in the Shadow of Foucault: Facets of Female Sexuality}, series = {Psychoanalytic Dialogues, Vol. 15 (2005), pp. 047-056.}, journal = {Psychoanalytic Dialogues, Vol. 15 (2005), pp. 047-056.}, abstract = {In their commentaries, Sandage and Frommer each describe ways in which forgiveness may be intrinsic to the therapeutic process. But their papers also point to one of the great difficulties of promoting forgiveness as the goal in either theater or therapy, which is that the need to control the healing process can actually impede that process. This reply examines how that need may have undermined the writing of The Laramie Project, and it suggests that, in order to help audiences and clients find true forgiveness, playwrights and analysts may need to relinquish their own righteousness.}, language = {en} } @article{Wang, author = {Wang, Yuchen}, title = {Fromm's Human Explanation on Marxist Philosophy [略论弗洛姆对马克思主义哲学的人学解读]}, series = {Wuhan University Journal (Humanity Sciences) [武汉大学学报(人文科学版)], No. 3 (2005), pp. 273-278.}, journal = {Wuhan University Journal (Humanity Sciences) [武汉大学学报(人文科学版)], No. 3 (2005), pp. 273-278.}, abstract = {Fromm considered Marxist philosophy as a kind of humanism theory on the basis of >humanitarianism and alienation<. Accordingly, Fromm analyzed the concepts such as >human essence<, >human indivi-duality< and >self-realization< of historical materialism, put forward some new categories including >social character<, >social unconsciousness< and >social percolator<, and attempted to explain the microscopic mechanism of the interaction between economic foundation and superstructure. Based on these theories he analyzed the alienated living circumstances of the Occidental and the approach of liberation. Fromm's interpretation of Marxist philosophy involved not only truthful and creative conclusions, but some fallacy.}, language = {zh} } @article{Wallach, author = {Wallach, Mary}, title = {Listening to Oedipus: Two Poems by Sons About Fathers}, series = {The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 33 (2005), pp. 191-206.}, journal = {The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 33 (2005), pp. 191-206.}, language = {en} } @article{Walkter, author = {Walkter, E. M.}, title = {Book Review. James W. Jones, >Terror and Transformation: The Ambiguity of Religion in Psychoanalytic Perspective<.}, series = {Contemporary Psychoanalysis, Vol. 41 (2005), pp. 567}, journal = {Contemporary Psychoanalysis, Vol. 41 (2005), pp. 567}, language = {en} } @article{Wagner, author = {Wagner, J. W.}, title = {Psychoanalytic Bias Against the Elderly Patient: Hiding Our Fears Under Developmental Millstone's.}, series = {Contemporary Psychoanalysis, Vol. 41 (2005), pp. 077-092.}, journal = {Contemporary Psychoanalysis, Vol. 41 (2005), pp. 077-092.}, language = {en} }