@misc{Wu, author = {Wu, Fengcheng}, title = {人的全面發展如何可能:佛洛姆教育理論研究 [How Comprehensive Human Development is Possible: A Study of Fromm's Theory of Education], Doctoral dissertation, Institute of East Asian Studies, National Chengchi University, Taiwan 2005.}, abstract = {佛洛姆雖然沒有提出系統的教育理論,但其理論以人的全面發展、充分誕生為目標,以建立人本主義的社會主義社會為理想,冀望人人覺悟異化的實相,努力克服非理性的熱情與性格,發展生產性格,以解決生存的矛盾,而能夠健全的生活,實具有教育理論的內涵。本文所嘗試為其建立的教育理論,奠基於其人性論、異化論與歷史唯物論,既重視人本身人性力量的發揮,也重視社會整體結構對人發展的影響,有別於先前對其教育理論探討者之忽視社會結構的分析。其人性論承繼馬克思的人性論,以自由而有意識的活動的社會存有為人的本質,同時又根據其心理分析實踐的反思,以內在於人生存處境的矛盾為人的本質。人要獲得自由,必須擴大對自己無意識的覺察,從無意識的壓抑中解放出來。在最深的無意識中,人可以覺察到普遍的人性,而體驗到與所有人類為一體。一般人無法意識到如此深的無意識,但如能意識到其性格結構、社會性格、社會無意識、社會的意識形態等,則能覺察到諸種壓抑其自由發展的內、外在障礙。資本主義社會的生產方式,促使人發展非生產性的市場性格、接受性格等異化的性格,又發展出產業與人工頭腦時代的宗教,來強化這些性格。人由這些非生產性格發展出貪婪、自戀、亂倫固著、威權性格、破壞性等非理性熱情,又屈從於匿名權威,成為自動機器人,遂不得自由發展。人由生產性的工作、工作社群、產業民主、健全消費、全民參與式民主、集體藝術、人本主義的宗教與教育,可以發展生產性格結構,發展生產性的愛與理性的力量,以克服與自我、他人、自然異化的生存矛盾,而達到與世界合一的真我,真正得到自由的發展。生產性格者能夠帶動產生更多的生產性格者,一個社會若有許多生產性格者,就能逐漸轉變社會盛行的價值與觀念,進而逐漸轉變社會性格與社會的生產方式。佛洛姆以生產性的愛為基礎的認識論,和格物致知的修養功夫相似,必須格除私欲,克服自戀等非理性熱情,以無我的愛與世界關聯,心清淨無染,才能看清世界。在這個基礎上,才能發展愛與理性的能力,及其他的人性潛能。故學為聖人,放下自我,從自我的牢籠中脫離出來,乃人得以自由發展的重要關鍵。以「存有」情態學習人類導師與人本宗教的教誨,知行合一的實踐博愛,能夠克服自戀,發展生產性格。能相當程度的發展生產性格,解決生存矛盾之後,才能健全的生活,發展各種人性潛能。生產性格的教育者與領導人「作之君、作之親、作之師」,將家庭、學校、公司等小團體,建立成以愛生性為導向的學習社會,可以促進所有成員生產性格的發展。這種學習社會可以漸次擴大,而將整個社會、國家建立成以愛生性為導向的團體。經由教育者的愛與人格典範、童蒙養正、教勞結合、內在自我實現動機的啟發、落實所教內容、對受教者的信心,可以幫助人發展生產性格,克服異化。教育學的理論與實踐,應更重視整體社會結構與歷史對人的影響,應更重視德育對人整體發展的影響,避免將自私、異化的人視為常態,而應以幫助人發展成生產性格者為目標去進行研究與實踐。}, language = {zh} } @article{Wasyluk, author = {Wasyluk, Pjotr}, title = {Etyka Ericha Fromma [Erich Fromm's Ethics], in: W. Tulibacki and A. Mo{\'{z}}dzierz (Eds.): Świat człowieka w perspektywie wiedzy humanistycznej [The world of Man in the Perspective of Humanistic Knowledge], Olsztyn (Olsztyn Higher School J{\´o}zef Rusiecki), Poland 2005, pp. 191-209.}, language = {pl} } @article{Wachaczyk, author = {Wachaczyk, Katarzyna}, title = {Ericha Fromma człowiek zagubiony w dychotomiach [The Lost Man in Dichotomies]}, series = {Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe 21 (2005) 31-46.}, journal = {Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe 21 (2005) 31-46.}, abstract = {The aim of this article was presentation the Fromm's concept of person, person, who is involved to dichotomy of human subsistence. Person live, sometime it lived according to nature, there was part, however, in course of evolution, mental authorities have spread out at it. Person gaining consciousness, it has broken attachment of junction it with nature same. Fear has appeared and sense of alienation. Person has become free, but same very solitary. In purpose of killing existential solitude, person resorts to rate interpersonal. Correct, according to Fromm's conception, rate is love, however the most often chosen rate is authoritarism, destruction and mechanical conformism. Dichotomies of person incline for choice among life or death, existence or property. Correct orientation, inherent restless being, is existence and life, other postures are secondary in accordance with they and if they are in balance, it lives according to nature person.}, language = {pl} } @article{Song, author = {Song, Jihyun}, title = {[E. 프롬의 『자유로부터의 도피』고찰] A Study on E. Fromm's Escape from Freedom}, series = {범한철학 [Pan-Korean Philosophy], Vol. 38, No. 3 (2005), pp 209-237}, journal = {범한철학 [Pan-Korean Philosophy], Vol. 38, No. 3 (2005), pp 209-237}, abstract = {우리는 외부 권력으로부터의 자유, 즉 소극적 자유의 신장에 매혹되어, 자유와 그것의 전통적인 적들에게 대항해 얻은 승리의 의미를 훼손할 수 있는 내적인 억압, 강제, 두려움이 있다는 사실을 알지 못하고 있다. 그 결과 우리는 자유의 문제란 오로지 근대사의 과정에서 얻은 소극적 자유를 훨씬 더 많이 얻는 문제라고 생각하기 쉽다. 그리고 그런 자유를 부정하는 힘들에 대항해서 자유를 지키는 것이 필요한 전부라고 믿는 경향이 있다. 우리는 이제까지 쟁취한 자유 모두가 최대의 힘으로 지켜져야 하지만, 자유의 문제는 양적인 문제일 뿐만 아니라 질적인 문제이기도 하다는 것을 잊고 있다. 그리고 우리는 전통적인 자유를 지키고 늘려가야 할 뿐만 아니라 새로운 종류의 자유, 즉 우리 자신의 개인적인 자아를 실현하고 이 자아와 삶을 믿을 수 있게 해주는 자유도 획득해야만 한다는 것을 잊고 있다. 따라서 나는 소극적 자유의 실현뿐만 아니라 적극적 자유(개인적 자아실현)의 실현을 위해, 프롬(Fromm, E.)이 분석한 자유로부터의 도피심리와 사회현상을 살펴보고, 프롬이 말한 >적극적 자유<의 의미는 무엇이며, 또한 적극적 자유의 개념은 문제점이 없는지 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 벌린(I. Berlin)의 >자유의 두 개념<에 대해서도 살펴보고자 한다. 또한 현대인들이 왜 그렇게 신흥종교에 매료(자유로부터의 도피 수단)되는지를 분석한 앨빈 토플러(Albin Toffler)의 생각도 살펴보고자 한다. 나는 이러한 일련의 작업이 보다 나은 자유 민주주의 시민을 형성하는데 많은 도움을 주리라 생각한다.}, language = {ko} } @article{Min, author = {Min, Hyoung-Won}, title = {비판이론과 정신분석학(Ⅱ) - 초기비판이론의 학제적 유물론과 프롬 (2005) [Kritische Theorie und Psychoanalyse (II) - Der interdisziplin{\"a}re Materialismus der fr{\"u}hen Kritischen Theorie und Erich Fromm]}, series = {美學(미학) [Mihak - The Korean Journal of Aesthetics], Vol. 42, No. 6 (2005), pp. 69-116.}, journal = {美學(미학) [Mihak - The Korean Journal of Aesthetics], Vol. 42, No. 6 (2005), pp. 69-116.}, abstract = {Dieser Aufsatz befasst sich mit der fr{\"u}hen Phase der Kritischen Theorie in der Geschichte der Frankfurter Schule, die sich vom Jahre 1930 zum Jahre 1938 erstreckt. Sie ist durch die folgenden Vorg{\"a}nge gekennzeichnet: die {\"U}bernahme des Amtes des Institutsdirektors durch Horkheimer; die Teilnahme Fromms an dem Institut im Jahre 1930; die offizielle Teilname Adornos an dem Institut im Jahre 1938; den Austritt Fromms im Jahre 1939. Diese Phase ist f{\"u}r die Frankfurter Schule dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch die Mitwirkung Fromms ein konkreter Prozess der Integration der Psychoanalyse in den interdisziplin{\"a}ren Materialismus Horkheimers verwirklicht wird. Er erreicht seinen H{\"o}hepunkt in den im Jahre 1936 ver{\"o}ffentlichten zweib{\"a}ndigen >Studien {\"u}ber Autorit{\"a}t und Familie<. In diesem Beitrag soll dargestellt werden, wie sich diese fruchtbare Zusammen¬arbeit der beiden in ihren f{\"u}hen Werken widerspiegelt, und ferner aus welchem Grund es zu dem Bruch zwischen den beiden kam.}, language = {ko} } @article{Le, author = {Le, Thao N.}, title = {A measure of immature love}, series = {Individual Differences Research, Vol. 3, No. 2 (2005), pp. 72-87. [ISSN 1541-745X]}, journal = {Individual Differences Research, Vol. 3, No. 2 (2005), pp. 72-87. [ISSN 1541-745X]}, abstract = {Based on the theoretical underpinnings of Fromm, Maslow, and Sorokin, this study described the empirical development of a measure to assess love. In its immature form, love is conceptualized as being rooted in self-other distinctions, and can be selfish and instrumental. In its mature form, love becomes autotelic and is expressed as a form of being, independent of others and relationships. Four separate studies revealed 4-6 items for an immature love scale, and were supported in confirmatory factor analyses among college students. The robustness of the scale was demonstrated in its consistent findings with other constructs (personality, other love measures, self-transcendence) regardless of assessment style (true/false, forced-choice). The scale was also found to have satisfactory validity but fairly low reliability, suggesting caution in using it. Implications and future directions are discussed.}, language = {en} } @misc{Funk, author = {Funk, Rainer}, title = {Foreword (Farsi)}, series = {E. Fromm, (The Art of Being, fas), Paris (Homa-Association) 2005.}, journal = {E. Fromm, (The Art of Being, fas), Paris (Homa-Association) 2005.}, number = {translation / {\"U}bersetzung}, language = {mul} } @article{Cohenetal, author = {Cohen, Erik H. and et al.,}, title = {Being, Having and Doing Modes of Existence: Confirmation and Reduction of a New Scale Based On a Study Among Israeli Female Teachers, Student-Teachers and Counselors [Des modes d'existence Etre, Avoir et Faire: Confirmation et r{\´e}duction d'une nouvelle {\´e}chelle bas{\´e}e sur une {\´e}tude d'enseignants, stagaires-enseignants et conseilli{\`e}res isra{\´e}liennes]}, series = {Bulletin of Sociological Methodology / Bulletin de M{\´e}thodologie Sociologique, Vol. 87, No. 1 (2005), pp. 38-60. [Online ISSN 2070-2779] [journals.sagepub.com/toc/bmsa/87/1]}, journal = {Bulletin of Sociological Methodology / Bulletin de M{\´e}thodologie Sociologique, Vol. 87, No. 1 (2005), pp. 38-60. [Online ISSN 2070-2779] [journals.sagepub.com/toc/bmsa/87/1]}, abstract = {Following Fromm's (1976) and Rand's (1993) theory, a scale of 51 items on attitudes towards the Being, Doing and Having >Modes of Existence< has been constructed (Reichenberg 1996). Our objectives are two-fold: first, an examination, in parallel, of the validity of the scale with two methods: Factor Analysis and Facet Theory. And second, a shortening of the scale from 51 questions to a more compact one. The present article is based on empirical data gathered from 386 female teachers, students and counselors in college education departments in Israel in 1995 and 1997.}, language = {en} } @article{Bosetal, author = {Bos, Jaap and et al.,}, title = {Strategic self-marginalization: The case of psychoanalysis}, series = {Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 3 (2005), pp. 207-224. [Online ISSN 1520-6696] [doi.org/10.1002/jhbs.20101]}, journal = {Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 3 (2005), pp. 207-224. [Online ISSN 1520-6696] [doi.org/10.1002/jhbs.20101]}, abstract = {Marginality is an important concept in the history of science, though it is often used in a manner that presumes marginality to be a static designation. We contend that the dynamics of marginality are crucial to the history of psychoanalysis, a discipline that has moved between dominant and marginal positions. We address psychoanalytic marginality via three specific >cases<: the marginalization among Freud and his followers when psychoanalysis was an emergent discipline; the marginality trope in Erich Fromm's popular psychoanalytic writing when psychoanalysis was orthodoxy in American academic psychiatry; and the rhetorical marginality of psychoanalysis in Sweden as psychoanalysis entered a decline within psychiatry. Our aim is to show that marginalization and self-marginalization serve interpersonal, social, and professional strategies. (© 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)}, language = {en} } @article{Bazerman, author = {Bazerman, Charles}, title = {Practically human: The pragmatist project of the interdisciplinary journal >Psychiatry<}, series = {Linguistics and the Human Sciences, Vol. 1, No.1 (2005), pp. 15-38. [Online ISSN 1743-1662] [journal.equinoxpub.com/LHS/issue/view/1396]}, journal = {Linguistics and the Human Sciences, Vol. 1, No.1 (2005), pp. 15-38. [Online ISSN 1743-1662] [journal.equinoxpub.com/LHS/issue/view/1396]}, abstract = {The interdisciplinary journal Psychiatry, founded in 1938 by the psychiatrist Harry Stack Sullivan, provided a remarkable interdisciplinary forum for such outstanding social scientists as Edward Sapir, Harold Lasswell, Ruth Benedict, Gregory Bateson, Ashley Montague, Lev Vygotsky, Erich Fromm, Erving Goffman, A. H. Maslow, and Robert Merton. The journal sought an interdisciplinary synthesis concerning personality, problems of living, and community mental health. Almost all of the major contributors to the early years of the journal drew strongly on the pragmatic tradition. In that tradition, Sullivan saw language shaping the development of personality and the interactions that constitute social life. Major themes of articles in the journal included the relation of personality of culture, the relation of the political order to the psychic order, propaganda and the creation of public and private meaning, racial and gender issues, and social arrangements influencing mental health. While pursuing the many dimensions of being human revealed by the different social sciences, the journal never developed an integrative theory to create a coherence among the many thematic strands and disciplinary perspectives on its pages. The journal also never developed an adequate account of how language served a central role in mediating personality development and social interactions. With the added theoretical and methodological tools now at our disposal we may be in a position to advance the unfinished project proposed by this journal.}, language = {en} }