@article{Ahmadi, author = {Ahmadi, Anas}, title = {Musashi: Takezo the Ronin, Aggression, and Erich Fromm's Psychological Perspective}, series = {Izumi - Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra dan Budaya Jepang, Vol. 10, No. 1 (2021), pp. 11-20. [doi.org/10.14710/izumi.10.1.11-20]}, journal = {Izumi - Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra dan Budaya Jepang, Vol. 10, No. 1 (2021), pp. 11-20. [doi.org/10.14710/izumi.10.1.11-20]}, abstract = {This study explores the character of Takezo the ronin in Musashi by Eiji Yoshikawa through the psychological perspective of aggression. This research specifically aims to (a) explore Takezo's psychology of aggression as a ronin and (b) the impact of Takezo's aggression on others. The approaches used in this research are the psychology of literacy and the psychology of aggression. The method used is qualitative; it uses data exposure and interpretation. The data source is the novel Musashi by Eiji Yoshikawa (translated version in Indonesian). The data used is in the form of text that is relevant to Takezo's psychology of aggression. The data analysis techniques are carried out in five stages, (1) identifying data related to Takezo's psychology of aggression, (2) data classification related to Takezo's psychology of aggression, (3) data presentation related to Takezo's psychology of aggression, and (4) summarizing data related to Takezo's psychology of aggression. The results showed that Takezo's aggressions are represented in the form of thoughts and behaviour. Takezo's aggressive thoughts are wanting to defeat and kill his enemies. Takezo's aggressive behaviour is killing his enemies, who are samurai. Takezo's aggressions cause the impact of physical category, and they are death and disability on the defeated samurai. Besides, in the psychological category, Takezo's aggressions cause fear and hatred in society. It is concluded that Takezo represents ronin, which desires destructive aggression that has a physical and psychological impact on others. [Author's English version]}, language = {en} } @article{Ailon, author = {Ailon, Galit}, title = {Profit, Self, and Agency: A Reevaluation}, series = {Critical Sociology, Vol. 48, No. 2 (2021), pp. 251-264. [Online ISSN 1569-1632] [doi.org/10.1177/08969205211002250]}, journal = {Critical Sociology, Vol. 48, No. 2 (2021), pp. 251-264. [Online ISSN 1569-1632] [doi.org/10.1177/08969205211002250]}, abstract = {In 1939, Erich Fromm argued that capitalist culture imbues the pursuit of economic advantage with moral tensions that harm self and psyche. Since this time, the inner implications of such tensions have been somewhat overlooked by theorists, and not without seemingly good reasons. By many accounts, social and technological developments in the later decades of the 20th century have ostensibly reduced the cultural tensions surrounding profit making and mitigated their inner effects. This article, however, presents a different account. Drawing from literature on culture, self, and subjectivity in the neoliberal era, it argues that the tensions Fromm identified have actually been recreated in new, sometimes more elusive ways that bear substantial inner costs. Moreover, focusing on economic elites, this article analytically explores the agentic implications of these inner costs. It argues that the moral tensions that haunt profit making ironically stand at the basis of capitalist agency, shaping its materialistic default through processes rooted in self.}, language = {en} } @article{Alexander, author = {Alexander, Jeffrey C.}, title = {The prescience and paradox of Erich Fromm: A note on the performative contradictions of critical theory}, series = {Thesis Eleven, Vol. 165, No. 1 (2021), pp. 3-9. [Online ISSN 1461-7455] [doi.org/10.1177/07255136211032830]}, journal = {Thesis Eleven, Vol. 165, No. 1 (2021), pp. 3-9. [Online ISSN 1461-7455] [doi.org/10.1177/07255136211032830]}, abstract = {As social theorists seek to understand the contemporary challenges of radical populism, we would do well to reconsider the febrile insights of the psychoanalytic social theorist Erich Fromm. It was Fromm who, at the beginning of the 1930s, conceptualized the emotional and sociological roots of a new 'authoritarian character' who was meek in the face of great power above and ruthless to the powerless below. It was Fromm, in the 1950s, who argued that societies, not only individuals, could be sick. This essay traces the intertwining of psychoanalytic and sociological methods that allowed Fromm to create such new ideas. At the same time, it highlights how Fromm's sociology was hampered by an economistic Marxist approach to the institutions and culture of democratic capitalist societies. Such theoretical restriction prevented Fromm from conceptualizing how institutions like democracy, science, and psychotherapy can provide resources for widespread emotional recuperation and civil repair.}, language = {en} } @article{Angel, author = {Angel, Valerie Tate}, title = {Looking back - Moving forward}, series = {International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 30 (No. 4, 2021), pp. 203-205.}, journal = {International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 30 (No. 4, 2021), pp. 203-205.}, language = {en} } @misc{Bao, author = {Bao, Wei}, title = {A Study of Chinese Urban Poetry in the Post-1990s from the Perspective of Comparative Literature, Doctoral dissertation, Chinese Literature, Inner Mongolian University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China 2021 [application of Fromm's theories to art].}, abstract = {Since the 1990s, urban literature has risen and become the most important literary landscape. As an important part of urban literature, urban poetry has been gradually developing in the middle and late 1980s. With its constantly spring-up, the research on urban poetry has gradually increased. In the early days, most of the research and discussion of related concepts. After the 1990s, along with the introduction of Western urban poetry theories, urban poetry research showed a diversified research trend as well as achieved a fruitful result. The Chinese cities after the 1990 s have striking similarities with Baudelaire's Paris described by Benjamin. Therefore, based on the texts of Chinese urban poetry after the 1990s and took reference of Western multidisciplinary urban studies, this thesis analyzes the writing of urban poetry in this period and its modern urban consciousness in a comparative perspective, and demonstrates the urban development and human spiritual dilemma of universal significance in the process of urbanization. The first chapter of the thesis mainly analyzes the urban landscape as imagery. Based on the research ideas of Roland Bart's semiotics and Kevin Lynch's urban planning, it draws and studies the formal characteristics and semantic structure in Chinese urban poetry after the 1990 s, which applied the related concepts and methods of urban space theory and architectural phenomenology, using basic units such as city streets, nodes, landmarks to combine urban architecture and the space. Dense streets are a typical feature of urban space, which also present the most authentic people's life. In poetry, abstract and conceptual streets often symbol the urban space, representing fastness or congestion. The specific streets with clear directivity become the memory carrier or the emotional projection in the poet's narration. The constantly demolished old streets are regarded as the epitome of urban culture. Typical urban nodes are like squares with the nature of gathering points as well as railways and stations with the nature of connecting points. The connotation of city squares in poetry has gone from a space with rich political accommodation or ideal accommodation to a huge public entertainment function. The urban railway is not only a symbol of modern civilization, but also a metaphor of time, and a symbol of the ideal love of urban people. The station with a strong spirit is not only a place for strangers and nostalgia, but also the maternal symbol of the initiator of era and nurturing new life. As the symbol and unique characteristic of a city, tall buildings transcend reality and enters the imaginary level in poets' writing from symbolizing power and rebirth to squeezing, siege and becoming an ancient behemoth. To get rid of the invisible majesty and pressure brought by the shape of tall buildings, poets choose to take the top or glass windows, curtain walls of tall buildings to determine their position and perceive the shape of the city. The second chapter shows the modern crowds wandering in the city. It divides into three types, i. e. wanderers, aliens and margins, defined by Benjamin, Simmel, and Robert Parker on the role of urban people combining the poet's subjective life experience, urban vision, and self-identity. Wanders are further divided into wandering meditators, lonely garbage pickers, and angry critics. Wandering meditators walk through the streets to achieve a complex relationship among the city and urban people; lonely garbage pickers observe the people and objects in the city as a >garbage picker< in Baudelaire's pen to collect his own poetry; angry critics take the angle to stand on the opposite side of the city, revealing the deformed development of the city in a manner that is incompatible with the city, and the ecological crisis and human survival crisis. There are two types of aliens. Some of them can >dwells on this earth poetically< in the city. They eagerly present and examine the city's unique mundane feelings with their own original vision and take a proactive attitude toward the city. Another part are people ran back and forth between the countryside and the city. They were >dual-aliens< between the countryside and the city. Marginal people mainly include those who have a real-world marginal situation and those who have a >self-marginal< mentality. The marginalized people with realistic marginal situations often have rural growth backgrounds, and most of them still live in small towns. By showing the urban life and living conditions of urban fringe people, they express the filth and greatness, lofty and despicableness of the city on the one hand, and on the other hand the aspect also completed the identification of the marginal identity of the self, and realized the comfort and salvation of the self. Although marginalized people with a self-marginal mentality live in cities, they all have long or short experiences in rural life. They are particularly aware of the sadness, bitterness, and heaviness of life. They express the hidden worries and sorrows in the process of urban modernization by writing about the lives of people on the periphery of the city. The third chapter presents the alienated modern urban spirit. It takes on Simmel's sociological theory, Fromm's theory of human nature, and Jungian personality analysis psychology to illustrate the alienated urban spirit in modern cities. Modern cities continue to throw people into new experiences, new environments, and new crowds. When these new stimuli make city people feeling the threat, they will use their rationality and then produces indifferent. Indifference makes people form reserved interpersonal relationships. Indifferent individuals are forced to enter various relationships, so personality masks are caused and lead to constant splits in personality. Finally, indifferent modern people seek psychological balance, occasionally reveals his sincere emotions, creating a stranger's emotional penetration. The biggest impact of indifference on modern urbanites is to make individuals suffer from loneliness. The loneliness with multiple faces has become a common mental state of modern people. It originated from the poet's attitude of self-estrangement and the decline of the physical home (country) and the nowhere to put the spiritual home in the process of urbanization. Facing loneliness, different poets have different attitudes, which reflect the different moods of the poets. In addition, the rise of a consumer society, the expansion of material desires, and the pressure of survival forced poets to change their attitude towards commodities and strive to approach poetry in the material flood. The objects of modern civilization will gradually be degenerated with the passage of time and the changing environments. The meaning and value of money will continue to collapse, and people will never be able to achieve a poetic dwelling. Finally, the expansion of body desires is a typical symptom of modern society. Cities are full of erotic desires, and sexual desire has become the >top priority< of modern society. Herein, love is no longer a pure spiritual pursuit, but a vain term tied to material needs and even equates to prostitution. He inspires individual passions and desires, and at the same time turns individuals into puppets controlled by passions and desires. [Translation: www. cnki.net, 4/2023]}, language = {en} } @article{BarbieroBerto, author = {Barbiero, Giuseppe and Berto, Rita}, title = {Biophilia as Evolutionary Adaptation: An Onto- and Phylogenetic Framework for Biophilic Design}, series = {Frontiers in Psychology, Vol. 12 (2021), pp. 1-13. [Online ISSN 1664 1078] [doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.700709]}, journal = {Frontiers in Psychology, Vol. 12 (2021), pp. 1-13. [Online ISSN 1664 1078] [doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.700709]}, abstract = {Biophilia is a human personality trait described initially by Erich Fromm and later by E.O. Wilson, both of whom agree that biophilia has a biological basis and that it is fundamental to develop harmonious relationships between humans and the biosphere. This review aims at establishing a definition of biophilia as an evolutionary process. To this end, the most significant studies of evolutionary psychology were considered, to outline the fundamental characteristics of a hypothetical biophilic temperament/personality and to reconstruct a plausible history of biophilia as an evolutionary process. This process considers different typologies of Nature (wilderness, rural, and urban) and human cultures (Paleolithic, Neolithic, and Burg) and leads us to consider environmental preference and psycho-physiological recovery in relation to the threshold of time spent in contact with Nature. Unfortunately, modern people, especially children, lack direct and frequent contact with Nature and this can have negative consequences on their physical and mental health. Biophilic design, considering the evolutionary roots of this architectural approach, is an effective way of planning/designing interior and urban environments to stimulate the innate biophilia of the individual.}, language = {en} } @article{Barratt, author = {Barratt, Barnaby B.}, title = {Reassessing Wilhelm Reich's Mass Psychology: Libidinality, Authoritarianism and the Rise of Fascism}, series = {Philosophy and Global Affairs, Vol. 1, No. 2 (2021), pp. 179-208. [doi.org/10.5840/pga202192119]}, journal = {Philosophy and Global Affairs, Vol. 1, No. 2 (2021), pp. 179-208. [doi.org/10.5840/pga202192119]}, abstract = {Explanations for the contemporary rise of fascistic attitudes and activism solely in terms of historical, political, and socioeconomic determinants, because they tend to assume the individual is a >rational actor< , are often limited in their capacity to account for the significance of individual enchantment with, and passion for, authoritarian movements. The article argues for the urgent need for greater understanding of the psychodynamic allure of fascist and authoritarian politics. In this context, Wilhelm Reich's 1933 essay, >The Mass Psychology of Fascism<, is reassessed. It is suggested that he presents a valid and profoundly significant thesis when he points to the connections among the attraction and ardor for fascism, societal oppression of sexuality, and the individual's libidinal inhibitions, conflicts, and frustrations. But his essay needs substantial correction and modification in three respects: (1) His ideas about >natural sexuality<; (2) his assumptions about matriarchal bliss; and (3) his pervasive heteronormativity or homophobia. The critique of these three aspects is primarily theoretical but also touches on Reich's life history to the extent that it contextualizes his blind spots. Finally, it is suggested that, in subsequent psychoanalytic writings on the dynamics of authoritarianism and the rise of fascism (from Theodor Adorno and Erich Fromm, to Christina Wieland and Jonathan Sklar), far too little attention has been paid to the libidinal underpinnings of these phenomena, to which Reich's thesis should draw our attention.}, language = {en} } @article{Buchholz, author = {Buchholz, Michael B.}, title = {Obituary - Horst K{\"a}chele (1944-2020)}, series = {International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 30 (No. 1, 2021), pp. 069-070.}, journal = {International Forum of Psychoanalysis, Vol. 30 (No. 1, 2021), pp. 069-070.}, language = {en} } @article{Bziker, author = {Bziker, Ousama}, title = {Re-visiting The History of Consumerism: The Emergence of Mass Consumer Culture as a Distinctive Feature of Capitalist Societies}, series = {International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation, Vol. 4, No. 10 (2021), pp. 159-162. [ISSN: 2617-0299 (Online); ISSN: 2708-0099 (Print)]}, journal = {International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation, Vol. 4, No. 10 (2021), pp. 159-162. [ISSN: 2617-0299 (Online); ISSN: 2708-0099 (Print)]}, abstract = {The Frankfurt School was the first school to discern the roles of the media in shaping human thought, influencing politics, and increasing the insatiable demand of consumers in capitalist societies. The analysis brought to the fore by Adorno and Horkheimer regarding the >Culture Industry< illustrated a model of media as tools of hegemony and social control advanced by Walter Benjamin, Herbert Marcuse, Erich Fromm, and J{\"u}rgen Habermas. The School also examined the repercussions of mass culture and the rise of the consumer society on the proletariat that was aimed to be the instrument of revolution in the classical Marxian scenario. Another thing that was analyzed is how the culture industries and consumer society were considered as stabilizing forces of contemporary capitalism. Therefore, they were among the first to see the expansion of communication and mass media roles in politics, socialization and social life, culture, and the construction of docile subjects as Foucault puts it. In the present article, I review the contributions to media and social theory advanced by the Frankfurt School. The integration of psychoanalysis, aesthetic theory and the critique of mass culture, and the critique of the Enlightenment are the main components discussed in the present article.}, language = {en} } @article{Carney, author = {Carney, John C.}, title = {Deciphering Crypto-fascism}, series = {Philosophy and Global Affairs, Vol. 1, No. 2 (2021), pp. 209-224. [Online ISSN 2692-790X] [doi.org/10.5840/pga20219108]}, journal = {Philosophy and Global Affairs, Vol. 1, No. 2 (2021), pp. 209-224. [Online ISSN 2692-790X] [doi.org/10.5840/pga20219108]}, abstract = {Fascism is a virulent historical social pathology that presents itself as a political ideology or a component of general ideology. It is historical in a double sense. It is actualized at specific times and places. It is also, a recurring feature of history itself. Crypto-fascism is the manipulation of the ambiguity of language for the purpose of fascistic actualization. Crypto-fascism is often an early >tell< or warning of the presence of more widespread fascism. There have been several powerful and deep studies of fascism and its co-optation of the ambiguity of language. Two of these approaches are of particular importance. In both instances fascism is addressed as a potentiality or susceptibility tied to the human condition per se. The first is Freudian and the second is existential. These approaches both meet the historical criteria noted above. In this essay I follow the work of Erich Fromm and Jean-Paul Sartre to understand the ground of fascism and its crypto variant. Camouflage is the hallmark of crypto-fascism, and it is exactly this that Fromm's analysis and that of Sartre discloses.}, language = {en} }