TY - GEN A1 - Zhu, Dai T1 - >The Way of the World< and >The Human Heart< – Diagnosis, Treatment and Healing Accor¬ding to Fromm [世道<与>人心< – 弗洛姆的诊断、治疗和拯救], Master thesis, Foreign Marxism Research, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China 2012. N2 - 在弗洛姆看来,异化既是>世道<的病态,也是>人心<的病态。马克思是针对>世道<病态的人道抗议者,劳动异化本质上是人性异化和非人化,而马克思的目标是人的自由和解放。弗洛伊德是针对>人心<病态的人道关怀者,异化亦是心理的异化,表现为原欲的压抑和疏离的体验,因此人的解放亦是人心的解放。弗洛姆对异化的社会病理诊断,是从人性世界的精神诊断入手的。人性是善恶同体的。从个体性格看,爱生、爱人和独立性是积极的品质,爱死、自恋和乱伦固结是消极的品质。从社会性格看,创生倾向、成长综合症等是积极的品质,非创生倾向、衰败综合症等是消极的品质。弗洛姆对异化的社会治疗方案,包括了从>世道<到>人心<的各个维度和层面:消除人性的异化,满足人的需求,包括爱、自由及自我实现的需求等,是治疗的人道目标,这个目标通过培养健全的人格和建构健全的社会来共同完成。弗洛姆的拯救,是把爱作为一种伦理原则和一种信仰:人的世界应该是爱的世界,爱既是对人的信任,也是一种积极的自由。爱是一种艺术,需要克服个人的自恋,发展谦卑,需要客观性和理性以及培养他生性。弗洛姆启示我们:人性是一个既包括自然属性又包括社会属性,既包括理性又包括感性,既包括意识又包括无意识的多维度、多层面的范畴,>以人为本<应以这个人性范畴为本,而>和谐社会<的建设,也应该包括从>世道<到>人心<的多个维度和多个层面,是系统性的和整合性的。 N2 - For Fromm, alienation is both the pathology of the >way of the world< and the pathology of the >human heart<. Marx was a hu-mane protestor against the pathology of the >way of the world<, and the alienation of labor is essen-tially the alienation and dehumanization of humanity, while Marx's goal is the freedom and liberation of human beings. Freud was a humanist caring for the pathology of the human heart, and alienation is also psychological alienation, manifested in the experience of suppression and alienation of origi-nal desires, so the liberation of the human heart is also the liberation of the human heart. Fromm's socio-pathological diagnosis of alienation begins with the spiritual diagnosis of the world of human nature. Human nature is both good and evil in the same body. In terms of individual character, love of life, love of people and independence are positive qualities, while love of death, narcissism and incest fixation are negative qualities. In terms of social personality, generative tendencies and growth syndrome are positive qualities, and non-generative tendencies and decay syndrome are negative qualities. Fromm's social therapy program for alienation includes all dimensions and levels from >the way of the world< to >the human heart<: the elimination of human alienation and the satisfaction of human needs, including the need for love, freedom and self-actualization, are the humane goals of therapy. The development of a sound personality and the construction of a sound society come together to accomplish this. Fromm's salvation is love as an ethical principle and a belief: that the world of man should be a world of love, and that love is both a trust and a positive freedom. Love is an art that requires the overcoming of personal narcissism, the development of humility, objectivity and rational-ity as well as the cultivation of otherness. Fromm reveals to us that human nature is a multi-dimensional and multi-faceted category that includes both natural and social attributes, both rational and emotional, both conscious and unconscious, and that >people-oriented< should be based on this category of human nature, while >a harmonious society< should be based on this category of human nature. It should also include multiple dimensions and levels, from >the way of the world< to >the human heart<, in a systematic and integrated manner. [Automatic translation] Y1 - 2012 UR - https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-Fromm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/30687 ER -