TY - GEN A1 - Jia, Feifei T1 - On Holden’s Alienation in >The Catcher in the Rye< [论《麦田里的守望者》中霍尔顿的异化], Master thesis, English Language and Literature, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China 2013 [application of Fromm's theories to art]. N2 - J•D•塞林格的代表作——《麦田里的守望者》,是当今美国文学史上最具影响力的作品之一。本论文主要采用了艾里希•弗罗姆的异化理论,基于文本细读的分析方法,从霍尔顿与社会、他人、自身三个角度分析了霍尔顿异化的表现和原因。第一章分析了霍尔顿与社会异化的表现和原因。霍尔顿在学校和纽约都是孤独的,而他很清楚自己的异化状态,在他的生活中他是一个典型的异化了的人或者说是局外人。他不能与母亲、自然和社会建立联结;而且他也无法实现自己做一名麦田守望者的目标。而霍尔顿在生存根基需求、定向与献身的需求上得不到满足,正是他与社会异化的原因。第二章研究了霍尔顿与他人的异化,包括他与老师、同龄人,甚至与父母的异化。信任的缺失和逐渐淡漠的亲情都显示了霍尔顿与他人的异化。而霍尔顿与他人异化的原因正是他在关联性需求方面的不满足——他无法与其他人建立联系。他想通过顺从或控制达到与他人的融合,却失败了;而且他也缺少兄弟之爱、母亲之爱和男女之爱。这些都揭示了他在关联性需求方面的不满足。最后一章研究了霍尔顿与自身的异化,即:他在身体和精神需求方面的矛盾和挣扎。在精神方面,霍尔顿想要一个没有伪君子的理想世界,但他却生活在充满伪君子的世界中。通过分析霍尔顿的性格,本论文得出论点:霍尔顿的性格弱点,如:自卑、幼稚、悲观,导致了他与自身的异化。本文结论指出:霍尔顿的异化正是由于他的性格弱点以及他个人需要三方面的不满足导致的,即:——生存根基的需要、关联性的需要以及定向与献身的需要。而为了解决他的问题霍尔顿必须竭力去满足自己的需要。霍尔顿所面临的异化问题正是战后美国青年面临的难题,因此,本文的研究也为当今社会青少年的心理健康提供了一些帮助。 N2 - J. D. Salinger’s master piece, The Catcher in the Rye is one of the most influential novels in modern American literature. By using the textual close-reading method, this thesis applies Erich Fromm’s theory to study Holden’s alienation from the following three aspects: his alienation from society, his alienation from others, and his alienation from himself.– The first chapter analyzes the manifestations and causes of Holden’s alienation from society. Holden is both isolated at schools and in New York City, and he is keenly aware of his alienation. He is a typical outsider or an alien in his existence. Holden can’t found his ties to his mother, to nature and to society; moreover Holden also can’t fulfill his goal to be a catcher in the rye. Holden’s discontentment with rootedness and a frame of orientation and devotion is the cause of his alienation from society.– Chapter Two studies Holden’s alienation from others, such as his teachers, his peers and even his parents. The loss of trust and the cooling affections show Holden’s alienation from others. And the cause of Holden’s alienation from others lies in his discontentment with relatedness – be fails to relate with others. He wants to unite with others through submission or domination, but he fails. His discontentment with brotherly love, motherly love and erotic love reveals his discontentment with relatedness.– The last chapter examines Holden’s alienation from himself which is manifested in his ambivalence and struggles in his natural and spiritual needs. His spiritual need is an ideal world without phonies, while he lives in a world replete with phonies. - By analyzing Holden’s personalities, this thesis concludes that the weaknesses of Holden’s personali-ties, such as inferiority complex, childishness and pessimism, lead to his alienation from himself.– Conclusion points out that Holden’s alienation result from the weaknesses of his personalities as well as his discontentment with three kinds of needs – rootedness, relatedness, and a frame of orien-tation and devotion. In order to solve his problems, Holden has to satisfy his needs. And Holden’s problems are also the problems of the postwar youngsters. In this way, this thesis will offer some help for the psychological health of the young in modern society. [Author’s translation] Y1 - 2013 UR - https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-Fromm/frontdoor/index/index/docId/30015 ER -