@book{Doe2019, author = {Doe, Jonathan Bill}, title = {Archaeology of wetland commons : Anlo adaptive management of Keta Lagoon}, editor = {Schwarz, Astrid}, issn = {2749-151X}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-5830}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-58303}, publisher = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Wetlands have gained tremendous importance since the 1970s, both in scientific discussion and in government policy discourse. The Ramsar Convention provided some clarity in definitions of wetlands and their natural and social significance. However, the current scientific understanding of wetlands was constructed in the centers of knowledge production in the West. One of the consequences has been that local knowledge of wetlands has been obscured or ignored altogether. This research uses methods of historical archaeology, ethnography, and archival work to explore the Anlo's local knowledge of wetlands in Ghana. Anlo local knowledge includes unique forms of wetland ownership arrangements, appropriate management approaches, and so-called atsidza are used as epistemic tools. Bryan Norton's conceptual framework of adaptive management gives an important role to local experimentation and is therefore seen as a key tool for sustainable management. Adaptive management is understood as anlo-style consensus-building management to appropriately incorporate local knowledge and western science into wetland management. The concept of adaptive management is modified accordingly to integrate postcolonial studies of knowledge production and thus can also contribute to the critical analysis of the integration of local knowledge, which has tended to be underestimated or even ignored in postcolonial theories.}, subject = {Anlo; Ramsa Convention; Adaptive Management; Consensus Building; Commons; Anlo; Ramsa-Konvention; Adaptives Management; Konsensbildung; Commons; Ghana; Feuchtgebiet; Ramsar-Konvention. - 1971 Februar 02; Risikomanagement; Konsens; Ahlo}, language = {en} } @book{Vasconi2019, author = {Vasconi, Nicole}, title = {Sharing authorities : participatory museum exhibitions with local communities}, editor = {Schwarz, Astrid}, issn = {2749-151X}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-5831}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-58313}, publisher = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2019}, abstract = {This Master's thesis research investigates how and if sharing authority is happening through a participatory exhibit, specifically by critically analyzing the Community Altar (CA) exhibit at Denver Botanic Gardens (DBG) from 2018. This case was selected partly due to the proliferation of D{\´i}a de los Muertos exhibits and related celebrations occurring in museums steadily since the 1970s, particularly in a United States context. The context of working with this intangible cultural heritage practice brings up interesting questions in light of intensifying discussions in museum management surrounding equity and sharing authority. Furthermore, methods for examining how to share authority—particularly through participatory exhibit design with local communities and cultural heritage—remain lightly explored from theoretical perspectives. Through a qualitative content analysis, this research assesses results from exhibit planning documents and in-person interviews with CA participants and DBG staff members. Ultimately, this research suggests that in order to initiate sharing authority between CA exhibit participants and DBG, empowerment through "transformative participation" needs to occur (White, 1996). The planning structure of the CA exhibit should empower involved community members and DBG staff to co-produce exhibit elements in a co-creative way. A discussion around what empowerment means is offered in the end of the study, including that DBG staff can further support Community Altars participants in utilizing lived experience(s) as curatorial authority.}, subject = {Museums; Participation; Sharing authority; Community engagement; Cultural Heritage; Museen; Partizipation; Geteilte Autorit{\"a}t; Engagement der Gemeinschaft; Kulturelles Erbe; Kulturerbe; Ausstellung; Gemeinde; Teilhabe; Kooperation; Museum}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{OPUS4-5714, title = {18th EEEIC International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering - Student Edition : Cottbus Ostrava-Wrocław 11th - 14th of June 2019}, editor = {Schwarz, Harald and Janik, Przemyslaw and Gono, Radomir and Lehmann, Dirk}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-5714}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-57144}, year = {2019}, abstract = {In the time of increased awareness about the environment problems by the public opinion and also intensive international efforts to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, as well increase of the generation of electrical energy to facilitate industrial growth, the conference offers broad contribution towards achieving the goals of diversification and sustainable development. Focus of the student conference is to promote the discussion of views from scientists and students from Wroclaw University of Technology, Technical University of Ostrava and Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg. The conference offers prominent academics and industrial practitioners from all over the world the forum for discussion about the future of electrical energy and environmental issues and presents a base for identifying directions for continuation of research.}, subject = {Energy resources; Energy system transformation; Elektrische Energie; Energietechnik; Energievorrat; Umweltbezogenes Management; Environmental management; Power quality; Energiequalit{\"a}t; Energieressourcen; Energietechnik; Energiewende; Umweltmanagement}, language = {en} } @misc{Liedtke2019, type = {Master Thesis}, author = {Liedtke, Victoria}, title = {Elucidating the role of DFS70/LEDGF/p75 in DNA damage response using CRISPR/Cas9 technology}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-55913}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Lens epithelium derived growth factor (LEDGF), is known to be overexpressed in different solid cancers and cancer cell lines but is also involved in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and diverse inflammatory diseases. Due to its chromatin-binding ability, it acts as a transcriptional coactivator, promoting anti-apoptotic pathways leading to increased tumor aggressiveness and chemotherapy resistance. In this thesis, the role of LEDGF in laryngeal cancer cells was investigated. Thus, a knock-out of LEDGF in HEp-2 cells was successfully generated by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Moreover, LEDGF-deficient HEp-2 cells exhibited a decreased proliferation and migration, as well as an increased chemotherapy sensitivity towards topoisomerase II inhibitor etoposide. The DNA damage response was in more detail investigated, where LEDGF depleted cells showed a drastic reduction in the recruitment of downstream damage-response related proteins, more precisely replication protein A subunit of 32kDa (RPA32), and an increased amount of DNA fragmentation, highlighting the role of LEDGF in homology-directed DNA repair. In addition, a efficient method was established to allow genomic tagging of LEDGF at its C-terminus with EGFP which enables the monitoring of LEDGF in living cells. Therefore, an efficient Cas9-mediated DNA DSB induction was supplemented with a DNA template containing homology arms to the C-terminus as well as the EGFP sequence to allow homology-directed repair. Subsequently, EGFP-expressing cells were FACS sorted and single cells expanded. Almost all test clones showed a homozygous genotype for LEDGF-EGFP fusion which exhibited the typical nuclear pattern of LEDGF.}, subject = {LEDGF; Wachstumsfaktor; Linsenepithel; Kehlkopfkrebs; CRISPR/Cas-Methode; CRISPR/Cas9; Etoposide; DNA-Schadensantwort; FACS; CRISPR/Cas9; LEDGF; Etoposide; DNA damage response; FACS}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Ravankhah2019, author = {Ravankhah, Mohammad}, title = {Earthquake disaster risk assessment for cultural World Heritage sites : the case of "Bam and its cultural landscape" in Iran}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-52537}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Despite the continuous effects of natural hazards on cultural heritage and growing body of research on disaster risk assessment, cultural heritage still suffers from the lack of integrated risk assessment methodologies. Within the context of natural hazards, earthquakes need to be differently considered mainly due to the sudden massive destruction without warning and the unpredictability of the exact occurrence time and place. So far, limited sources have been adequately dedicated to developing risk assessment methodologies for cultural heritage. The challenge is to integrate the principles and methods of risk assessment in heritage conservation on one side, and to incorporate particular characteristics of cultural heritage and World Cultural Heritage properties (e.g. the Outstanding Universal Values and associated conditions of authenticity and integrity) into the risk assessment procedure, on the other. There are numerous cultural properties that have been extremely affected by seismic events, such as the historic city of Bam in Iran. The World Heritage site of 'Bam and its Cultural Landscape', as a unique example of a traditional human settlement, is investigated in this research. Because Bam and its Cultural Landscape is located in a high-probability earthquake region and appeared to be highly vulnerable to seismic events, an integrated risk assessment for the property needs to be developed in response to potential earthquakes. Recognising the challenge, a Cultural Heritage Risk Index for Bam is performed to measure the level of risk by aggregating the risk components, which are 'hazard' (earthquakes), 'exposure' (significance of the site elements), and 'vulnerability' (susceptibility and coping capacity). According to the risk index, an earthquake risk map is generated by applying Geographic Information System (GIS) to demonstrate a common understanding of the level of potential impacts on the property. Furthermore, a multiple impact identification matrix supports determining the potential impacts of an earthquake as well as its related secondary hazards and human-induced threats that need to be addressed in a risk preparedness plan. The findings of the research emphasis that in addition to the hazard itself, diverse factors associated with the heritage significance, structural susceptibility, and institutional capacity highly influence the level of risk. The outputs of the risk assessment allows determining site-specific risk reduction strategies, particularly seismic susceptibility reduction and coping capacity building. This provides specialists and practitioners from multiple sectors engaged in the protection of (World) cultural heritage with a practical tool to facilitate risk communication and appropriate risk management planning.}, subject = {Earthquakes; Bam (Iran); Vulnerability assessment; World Cultural Heritage; Disaster risk assessment; Erdbeben; Bam (Iran); Vulnerabilit{\"a}tsbewertung; Weltkulturerbe; Katastrophenrisikobeurteilung; Bam ; Weltkulturerbe; Erdbeben; Risikoanalyse}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{OPUS4-5166, title = {18th EEEIC International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering - Student Edition : Cottbus Ostrava-Wrocław 11th - 14th of June 2019}, editor = {Schwarz, Harald and Janik, Przemysław and Gono, Radomir and Lehmann, Dirk}, isbn = {978-3-940471-50-5}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-5166}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-51660}, year = {2019}, abstract = {In the time of increased awareness about the environment problems by the public opinion and also intensive international efforts to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, as well increase of the generation of electrical energy to facilitate industrial growth, the conference offers broad contribution towards achieving the goals of diversification and sustainable development. Focus of the student conference is to promote the discussion of views from scientists and students from Wroclaw University of Technology, Technical University of Ostrava and Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg. The conference offers prominent academics and industrial practitioners from all over the world the forum for discussion about the future of electrical energy and environmental issues and presents a base for identifying directions for continuation of research.}, subject = {Energy resources; Environmental management; Power quality; Energy system transformation; Energieressourcen; Energiewende; Umweltmanagement; Energietechnik; Energiequalit{\"a}t; Umweltbezogenes Management; Energievorrat; Elektrische Energie; Energietechnik}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{CastilloAlejandre2019, author = {Castillo Alejandre, Susana}, title = {Digital humanity: the temporal and semantic structure of dynamic conversational facial expressions}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-51562}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2019}, abstract = {This thesis focuses on establishing a - theoretically founded and empirically derived - novel methodological pipeline to provide Embodied Conversational Agents (ECAs) with natural facial expressions and desired personality traits. After giving an overview on the content of this thesis, we dedicate its second part to derive the Semantic Space (SSp) for facial expressions, finding that the same space is used for expression words, expression videos, and motion-capture-based point-cloud animations. The process involved the creation of a new facial expression database using Motion Capture (MoCap) technology. Our technique can be used to empirically map specific motion trajectories (including their frequency-decomposition) onto specific perceptual attributes, allowing the targeted creation of novel animations with the desired perceptual traits, as exemplified in the third part of this thesis. Before addressing our final conclusions and, on the grounds that the systematic differences between individuals while performing the same facial expressions are related to their personality, we devote the fourth part of this thesis to the study of the mapping between personality and expressive facial motions.}, subject = {Facial Animation; Cognitive-based behavioural modelling; Motion capture; Personality; Gesichtsanimation; Kognitiv-basierte Verhaltensmodellierung; Pers{\"o}nlichkeit; Merkmalsextraktion; Motion Capturing; Mimik; Computeranimation}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Sharma2019, author = {Sharma, Sparsh}, title = {Stochastic modelling of leading-edge noise in time-domain using vortex particles}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-5085}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-50858}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2019}, abstract = {The conceptual designing of rotating machines such as fans, wind turbines, contra-rotating open rotors and helicopter blades require low-cost, easy-to-run tools which allow quick noise assessments and optimization analyses underlying this phenomenon. The state-of-the-art numerical and experimental methods are far more expensive to conduct an optimisation study, whereas inexpensive methods like the analytical ones can have significant errors in realistic geometries at high-frequency ranges, higher angles of attack. The response to large coherent disturbances and the statistical modeling of turbulence is required because turbulence, by far its nature, is stochastic. Determining the accurate unsteady response of airfoil is crucial for noise prediction. The primary goal of the project is to develop a new low-cost and easy-to-use numerical technique for aero-acoustic designs, focused primarily on airfoil-turbulence interaction. The development of the statistical method is divided into three sections; namely - 1) calculating the background flow, 2) modeling of statistically optimized inflow disturbance, 3) constructing a vortex database to predict the noise in multiple flow fields characterized by different values of turbulent intensities and length scales. In the framework of this work a new approach to model inflow turbulence, a significant noise-generating element, is suggested, which does not depend on heavy computations requiring supercomputers. Through this approach, the influence of turbulence parameters on the noise generated in turbomachinery can be quantified. The approach also considers the geometrical parameters of the airfoil in the noise prediction. The background flow is numerically simulated via solving the vorticity transport equations in the Lagrangian form (vortex methods). The acoustic influence of a finite number of vortices, characterized by all the possible combinations of size, circulation and injection position/time defined using the ranges of probability distribution functions, released from injection points upstream of the airfoil are precomputed and stored in a matrix. The method is computationally inexpensive compared to classical vortex methods since the effect due to particles are precomputed, stored in a/an matrix/array. The matrix can be called as a library while predicting the noise from a specific airfoil.}, subject = {Leading-edge noise; Aeroacoustics; Ffowcs-Williams Hawkings; Broadband noise; Airfoil-turbulence interaction; Tragfl{\"u}gelvorderkantenschalls; Breitbandger{\"a}usch; Tragfl{\"a}chenger{\"a}usch; Aeroakustik; Zeitbereich; Tragfl{\"u}gel; Vorderkante; Tragfl{\"u}gelumstr{\"o}mung; Str{\"o}mungsakustik}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Gypser2019, author = {Gypser, Stella}, title = {Identification of phosphate adsorption mechanisms on Fe- and Al-hydroxides and the influence of inorganic and organic compounds to reduce long-term phosphorus fixation on mineral surfaces}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-51311}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2019}, abstract = {With regard to the depletion of global phosphorus reserves and with the aim of ensuring sustainable soil fertility on agricultural soils, a fundamental understanding of mechanisms of fixation and mobilization of inorganic phosphorus in soils is required. Amongst others, phosphorus availability is affected by ad- and desorption reactions on pedogenic Fe- and Al-hydroxide surfaces. The characterization of phosphate binding on those contrasting mineral surfaces can help to find solutions for enhancing the mobilization of fertilized but not available soil inorganic phosphate. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic experiments were carried out during phosphorus adsorption on crystalline gibbsite, poorly crystalline 2-line-ferrihydrite and amorphous Fe:Al-hydroxide mixtures. Desorption experiments with CaCl₂, CaSO₄, citric acid (C₆H₈O₇), and humic acid (C₉H₉NO₆) were conducted to determine the capacity of phosphate fixation and mobilization in short- and long-term. Additionally, phosphorus release from the Fe- and Ca-phosphates vivianite and hydroxyapatite were analyzed. For gibbsite, the formation of AlHPO₄ and Al₂HPO₄ can be assumed, while for ferrihydrite, a FeHPO₄ or Fe₂PO₄ complex and the precipitation of FePO₄ with longer equilibration time were observed. Fe₂HPO₄ or a Fe₂PO₄ surface complex was deduced for amorphous Fe-hydroxides, an AlH₂PO₄ surface complex was identified for Al-hydroxides. The weakly associated amorphous FeO(OH) molecules enhance the precipitation of FePO₄. With high Al content, a weaker phosphate binding of both inner- and outer-sphere complexes and either no or minor quantities of precipitate were formed. Ferrihydrite showed a more rigid structure and a lower extent of precipitation compared to amorphous Fe-hydroxide. The cumulative phosphorus desorption followed the order CaCl₂ < CaSO₄ < humic acid < citric acid for crystalline and amorphous Fe- and Al-hydroxides as well for vivianite and hydroxyapatite. While inorganic anion exchange took part at easily available binding sites and fast exchangeable phosphorus, organic acids additionally affect the more heavily available binding sites and slow exchangeable phosphorus. For humic acid, the accumulation of metal-organic complexes in the desorption solution was suggested, whereas for citric acid the dissolution of the minerals was maintained. The cumulative release rates of the Flow-Through-Reactor setup were higher compared to batch due to a short residence time and a continuous concentration gradient. This could lead either to an over- or underestimation of the available phosphorus pools and influenced the comparability of both methods.}, subject = {Phosphorus; Adsorption/Desorption kinetics; FT-IR; Hydroxides; FTR; Phosphor; Adsorptions-/Desorptionskinetik; Hydroxide; Adsorptionskinetik; Desorptionskinetik; Hydroxide; Phosphor; Bodenfruchtbarkeit}, language = {en} } @phdthesis{Downes2019, author = {Downes, Nigel Keith}, title = {Climate adaptation planning : an urban structure type approach for understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics of risks in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-51185}, school = {BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Urban adaptation is a critical issue for many of the developing countries of Southeast Asia. Vietnam is likely to be among the countries most adversely affected by climate change. Moreover, its largest city, Ho Chi Minh City is considered worldwide as one of most vulnerable to a multitude of climate-related hazards, including flooding, sea-level rise and extreme heat events. Similar to other rapidly developing megacities in Southeast Asia, Ho Chi Minh City has undergone enormous changes in recent decades and has rapidly developed into an emerging megacity shaped by global processes and local settlement patterns. Recently, the need to adapt to the multiple stressors of rapid urbanisation and climate change has become increasingly evident. Adaptation to climate change in urban areas depends on decision-makers' understanding of the current and future impacts of climate change. Land-use planning as a place-based and problem-solving strategy has been recognised as a key tool in this respect, to mainstream climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction into urban development. Yet a key challenge is a lack of relevant information on exposed populations and assets at risk to planners and policymakers. The dissertation outlines the development of an integrated framework predominantly based on an urban structure type approach. This approach was used to manually interpret high resolution, remotely sensed imagery in order to portray and understand patterns of settlement and urban structure layout of the current and emerging landscapes of Ho Chi Minh City. The approach is able to capture the highly dynamic spatiotemporal, social and structural changes associated with rapid urbanisation. The overall findings show the applicability of the developed framework to produce important input indicators for risk adapted land-use planning. These are ultimately useful to determine hotspots for administrative interventions and to assist prioritising in spatial and urban planning decision-making.}, subject = {Climate change; Urban adaptation; Urban structure type; Land-use planning; Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Stadtstrukturtypen; Landnutzungsplanung; Ho Chi Minh Stadt, Vietnam; Klimawandel; St{\"a}dtische Anpassung an den Klimawandel; Ho-Chi-Minh-Stadt; Klima{\"a}nderung; Stadtstruktur; Stadtplanung}, language = {en} }