@techreport{OPUS4-6304, title = {3rd Workshop on smart medical devices and systems - RC-SMDS '22}, editor = {Reichenbach, Marc and Schmailzl, Kurt J.G.}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-6304}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-63042}, year = {2022}, abstract = {For the third time we were able to hold our PhD workshop "Research is Calling" on smart medical devices and systems, this time in Berlin again. This unique workshop brings together young scientists from computer science and medicine to provide a forum to discuss the very latest approaches to smart medical devices and systems. This year, for the first time, it is possible to publish corresponding workshop proceedings via the publication service of the Brandenburg Technical University (BTU). In our view, this format can create true interdisciplinarity because everyone presents their ideas and interim results to colleagues from a wide variety of disciplines and, conversely, hears and sees the latest from many other specialties. This forum is the vehicle for initiating new collaborations and planning joint research projects. The 'Cottbus project' emerged from personal partnerships between 'technicians' and 'physicians' and was planned from the beginning as a platform and an offer: as a platform for free and fully open scientific exchange and discourse, as an offer to all who are interested, also and gladly beyond Brandenburg. Begun as a "PhD Colloquium", Cottbus' "Research is Calling" is an ideas laboratory for young scientists. Cottbus is to establish a university medical faculty in the next few years as part of the structural change program following the coal phase-out. From our point of view, this lab is an important building block to establish cross-sectional issues right at the interface between medicine and technology, a culture of open discourse and scientific dialogue. The workshop covers the following topics in particular: Smart sensors for medical applications, Low-power wearable sensors, artificial intelligence for medical applications, medical robots, algorithms for medical applications, applications and case studies. Despite the pandemic situation the workshop could be held in presence. In five exciting presentations new ideas and cooperation possibilities were shown. Two keynotes (including Alina Nechyporenko, Marcus Frohme as special guests) and a dinner rounded off the program. At this point we would like to thank all participants, the reviewers, and the organizers, Stefan Scharoba and Kathleen Galke. We look forward to establishing this event as permanent and reaching an ever-growing audience.}, subject = {Low-power device; Medical device; Robots; ECG; Bipolar disorder; Energiesparsame Ger{\"a}te; Medizinische Ger{\"a}te; Roboter; EKG; Bipolare St{\"o}rung; Medizintechnik; Elektrokardiografie; Intelligenter Sensor; Roboter; Energieeinsparung; Konferenzschrift}, language = {en} } @techreport{LessmannGrueneberg2021, author = {Leßmann, Dieter and Gr{\"u}neberg, Bj{\"o}rn}, title = {Impacts of artisanal small-scale gold mining on Hkaung Tung Hka Chaung River and recommendations for the conservation of Indawgyi Lake/Myanmar}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-5685}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-56850}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Indawgyi Lake is one of the largest lakes in East Asia. Due to its habitat diversity and its great importance for international bird migration, it has the status of an UNESCO biosphere reserve. In the last decades, anthropogenic pressures on the lake due to increasing population numbers, overfishing and intensification of agriculture and forestry as well as to the impacts by artisanal small-scale gold mining in the catchment area have increased sharply. As a result of gold mining, lake inflows have very high suspended matter loads, both from the washing of gold-bearing sediments and from soil erosion as a result of the destruction of the floodplain and of the forest close to the river. The input of sediments and suspended matter from the Hkaung Tung Hka Chaung River has led to massive deposits of river sediments in the southern part of Indawgyi Lake within a few years. In the context of short-term investigations and a one-year monitoring close to the stream mouth, the extent of the suspended matter input from Hkaung Tung Hka Chaung River into Indawgyi Lake was estimated and heavy metal pollution concentrations of the suspended matter were measured as a basis for recommendations for the reduction of the pollution pressure on the lake. Sedimentation analyses showed that the river water was still very turbid even after 50 hours due to high concentrations of very small solids. In contrast, material in the size of sand grains settled completely after about ten hours. The clay fraction of the suspended matter was heavily contaminated by different heavy metals, including cadmium, copper, nickel, chromium and lead. The load of suspended matter was subject to strong fluctuations and showed no correlation with the discharge. The mean concentration of suspended matter was 9.6 g/L (as dry weight per volume of water). The daily dry matter load in Hkaung Tung Hka Chaung River varied between 2.3 and 2,900 t. The mean load was 359 t/d, with by far the largest amount being transported by the river during the rainy season during times of high discharge. That indicates that, in addition to direct inputs from mining activity, there was also suspended matter input from soil erosion and from the remobilization of river sediments. The estimates of the annual input into Indawgyi Lake came to an amount of about 133,000 t. This corresponds to a volume of the fresh matter between 0.26 and 0.4 million m³. The results show the urgent need for a control of the artisanal small-scale gold mining activities and for the building of sedimentation basins at Hkaung Tung Hka Chaung River to protect Indawgyi Lake with its highly valuable ecosystem.}, subject = {Indawgyi Lake; Artisanal small-scale gold mining; Pollution; Suspended matter; Indawgyi-See; Goldkleinbergbau; Schwebstoffe; Belastung; Indawgyi Lake; Goldbergbau; Wasserverschmutzung; Schwebstoff; Schwermetallbelastung}, language = {en} } @techreport{Yadollahi2021, author = {Yadollahi, Solmaz}, title = {Universal approaches in local circumstances : a series of discussions on policy-practice gaps in urban conservation (abstracts)}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-56814}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Today, urban conservation scholarship calls for case studies that problematise universal conservation principles in local planning circumstances, particularly in countries from which modern conservation has not originated. In this series of workshops, we discuss singularities of urban conservation and the protection of historic urban areas with local experts who have been directly involved in processes of putting conservation policy documents into practice. We discuss how the planned goals of conservation projects are influenced by unplanned factors such as war, economic and political instability, inter-organisational conflicts, and natural hazards. The discussed cases represent cities with non-western cultural backgrounds that are geographically and culturally interconnected. By discussing urban conservation issues in Ankara, Baghdad, Tehran, Shiraz, Yazd, Kerman, Herat, and Mumbai, we aim to reflect on the functionality of mainstream conservation approaches in local conditions. The speakers share their local insight into obstacles of realising the international conservation models under rapidly changing natural and socio-political conditions. The workshops' moderators are outstanding young academics who have a deep understanding of the discussed issues and have co-planned the sessions with the speakers. This series of events is cooperatively organised by the Chair Urban Management and the DFG Training Group 1913, "Cultural and Technological Significance of Historic Buildings" in the framework of the DFG project, Assembling Iran's Urban Heritage Conservation Policy and Practice: Problematised in Tehran.}, subject = {Urban conservation; Policy; Practice; Historic cities; Workshops; Stadterhaltung; Politik; Praxis; Historische St{\"a}dte; Workshops; Altstadt; Stadtsanierung; Kulturerbe; Kommunalpolitik}, language = {en} } @techreport{Kuban2021, author = {Kuban, Robert}, title = {PGAS for (in)coherent manycore systems}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-5618}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-56183}, year = {2021}, abstract = {As the architectural walls drive the number of parallel cores in multicore systems up, it becomes harder to maintain cache coherence across all of the physical memory and all cores. On the other hand, even given a performant cache-coherent system, the unavoidable non-uniform memory (NUMA) and non-uniform cache (NUCA) architectures make programming for it difficult. A potential solution to this problem is to interpret massive multicore machines as a distributed system with remote memory access, and therefore, use existing distributed programming models. A natural fit for such an approach is the PGAS model, which provides a global address space divided into partitions that can be either local or remote. Unfortunately, completely discarding the notion of sharing ignores the efficient hardware mechanisms available in multicore machines with shared memory. This survey examines PGAS frameworks and communication libraries with an focus on the PGAS model to enable PGAS applications to exploit shared memory in massive multicore machines without sacrificing the benefits of the PGAS programming model.}, subject = {PGAS; Shared memory; Manycore systems; PGAS; Gemeinsamer Speicher; Vielkernsysteme; Mehrkernsysteme; Gemeinsamer Speicher; Mehrrechnersystem}, language = {en} } @techreport{Schmitt2021, author = {Schmitt, Ingo}, title = {Generating CQQL conditions from classifying CNNs}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-5550}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-55503}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Convolutional neural networks are often successfully used for classification problems. Usually, a huge number of weights need to be learnt by use of training data. However, the learnt weights give no insight how the cnn really works. Thus, a cnn can be seen as a black box solution. In our approach we develop a method to generate a commuting quantum query language (cqql) condition from a sample derived from a given cnn or from training input. CQQL is inspired by quantum logic and its conditions obey the rules of Boolean algebra. The evaluation of a cqql condition provides values from the unit interval [0; 1] and establishes therefore an elegant bridge between logic and a cnn. The underlying assumption is that a condition (a logic expression) gives much more understanding than pure cnn weights. Furthermore, the rich theory of Boolean algebra can be used for manipulating logic expressions. After extracting a cqql condition from a cnn or its training data we can use logic as a way to predict classes alternatively to a cnn.}, subject = {CQQL; Quantum Logic; CNN; CQQL; Quantenlogik; CNN; Erkl{\"a}rbarkeit; Zellulares neuronales Netzwerk; Abfragesprache; Quantenlogik}, language = {en} } @techreport{Schubanz2021, author = {Schubanz, Mathias}, title = {How software engineers deal with decisions in Scrum - An analysis}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-5066}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-50662}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The Agile Manifesto titled "Working software over comprehensive documentation". Although the stated principle makes an important point, it should not follow that documentation becomes obsolete. On the contrary, agile software development (ASD) is based on frequent decisions focused on customer benefits. Those decisions guide further development, subsequent maintenance, and software evolution and are made during every stage of the software development cycle. Thus, documenting the most important ones is an important foundation fostering product comprehension, software quality, and customer benefit. Besides, preserving decision knowledge supports refactoring and, thus, diminishing software erosion. However, all these beneficial properties are opposed by a dismissive attitude among software developers. Documentation is very unpopular among software developers, especially in the ASD community. A common interpretation of the agile manifesto at this point is that good and functional code can fully replace documentation. Among other reasons, this attitude is the reason for the sparse application of structured and systematic documentation of decisions and their rationale. To shed more light on imponderables, developer's desires regarding decision documentation, and assess the outlined perception of a lack of decision documentation, this paper reports a survey on decision documentation in Scrum among industry practitioners. The author assesses to what extent the above claims hold by asking industry practitioners about their perceptions and applied practices regarding decision documentation in Scrum. Therefore, the author conducted a large-scale survey in the German and English speaking Scrum community. A few more than 100 software developers were asked what they document, how they document and how they use/share produced documentation. The findings of this report reveal that there is a wide range of opinions in the agile community. The responses show that a developer's experience significantly impacts the documentation frequency and the interest in the available documentation. Similarly, the role in which software developers have operated in Scrum plays a significant role in the frequency of documentation and the timing when developers document.}, subject = {Agile software development; Decision documentation; Survey; Rationale management; Scrum; Agiles Software Engineering; Entscheidungsdokumentation; Umfrage; Begr{\"u}ndungsmanagement; Scrum; Agile Softwareentwicklung; Scrum ; Programmdokumentation; Umfrage}, language = {en} } @techreport{SkedzuhnSafirFranceschini2020, author = {Skedzuhn-Safir, Alexandra and Franceschini, Nicole}, title = {Tattoo taboo : a reader}, isbn = {978-3-940471-58-1}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-5236}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-52365}, year = {2020}, abstract = {In different parts of the world, tattoos historically have been expression of the socio-cultural identity of individuals or communities: Tattoos are firmly integrated into social practices as elements of initiation or marriage, in other parts of the world, however, tattoos carry negative associations being linked to immorality, and crime. To research the practice of and places associated with tattooing a research-based study project was designed to address the practice of tattooing from the point of view of its cultural heritage values, both intangible and tangible. In the winter semester 2018/2019 this study project was offered jointly by the Chair of Architectural Conservation and the Department of Heritage Management at the Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU) Cottbus-Senftenberg. Twelve international students from the study programmes World Heritage Studies and Architecture participated in this study project, which included a field trip to London and Oxford and several interviews and interactions with researchers and academics from the fields of tattoo history, anthropology, medical sciences and museography. A collection of students' essays on this topic is presented in this reader with a particular focus on the tangible and intangible aspects of tattooing, and the spatial history of tattooing based on two distinct areas in London as a case study. The papers are divided into three distinctive themes that are linked to the practice of tattooing. Section one is dedicated to tattoos as a form of heritage, the one to tattooing as a form of art, and the last one to mapping as a methodological tool to visualise, assess and present relationships between heritage, tattooing practice and its connection to the social fabric in London at the turn of the penultimate century.}, subject = {Tattoo; Cultural heritage; London; Urbanscape; Spatial history; T{\"a}towierung; Kulturerbe}, language = {en} } @techreport{SchmittBorckHentscheletal.2020, author = {Schmitt, Randolf and Borck, Christian and Hentschel, Christian and Berger, Ulrich}, title = {Lightweight digital shadow concept for batch size one products and modular shopfloors}, organization = {Brandenburgische Technische Universit{\"a}t Cottbus-Senftenberg, FG Medientechnik}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-5220}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-52208}, year = {2020}, abstract = {The Digital Twin is seen as the step towards digitalization in many areas, including the area of manufacturing which is the focus of this paper. However, the frequently application-oriented development of concepts and initial implementations make it difficult to adapt them to other applications. Especially when production deviates from the usual highly automated processes and requires high flexibility, e.g. to allow batch size one. In such a case, the Digital Twin must support modular shopfloors with flexible areas in which different production times and various tools and machines are used. It should also be possible to react promptly to problems in production. Design errors that only become apparent during production must be reported directly. In order to deal with this problem, the paper presents a concept for an abstract representation of a Digital Shadow (DS). The DS combines the disciplines of production planning and control, product lifecycle and layout planning which creates new links and enables further application scenarios. Based on this Digital Shadow, different applications can be realized that provide user-related solutions. For this purpose, a tree structure is used that links information about the product and the production environment which in this case is variable.}, subject = {Industry 4.0; SME; Flexible Manufacturing; Digital Twin; Digital Shadow; Industrie 4.0; Digitaler Zwilling; Flexible Fertigung; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb}, language = {en} } @techreport{Schmitt2019, author = {Schmitt, Ingo}, title = {Quantum-based construction of a probability measure}, editor = {Schmitt, Ingo}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-50760}, year = {2019}, abstract = {From Gleason's theorem we know that in principle every probability measure can be expressed by Hermitian operators in a separable Hilbert space and the Born rule as part of a quantum mechanical system. However, that theorem is not constructive. For a given discrete and additive probability measure based on a σ-algebra we construct a quantum system with projectors expressing that probability measure.}, subject = {Quantum modelling; Probability measure; Wahrscheinlichkeitsmetrik; Mathematische Modellierung; Quanteninformatik}, language = {en} } @techreport{ZazaiFuegenschuh2019, author = {Zazai, M. Fawad and F{\"u}genschuh, Armin}, title = {Computing the trajectories for the development of optimal routes}, editor = {F{\"u}genschuh, Armin}, issn = {2627-6100}, doi = {10.26127/BTUOpen-5065}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-50651}, year = {2019}, abstract = {Planning the construction of new transport routes or power lines on terrain is usually carried out manually by engineers, with no guarantee of optimality. We introduce a new approach for the computation of an optimal trajectory for the construction of new transit routes and power lines between two locations on a submanifold U _ R3 representing the topography of a terrain. U is approximatively modeled by a special weighted grid. On this grid, the shortest paths for the construction of new routes are determined, whereby we consider three optimization criteria: routes with minimum distance, routes with lowest construction costs and routes with minimum absolute altitude variations or minimum absolute gradients. Subsequently, a combination of these criteria is used to expand this problem into a multi-criteria optimization problem. A shortest path algorithm, such as the Dijkstra algorithm, is used to compute optimal compromises for the construction of new routes.}, subject = {Shortest path; Graph construction; Multi-criteria optimization (Pareto frontier); Trajectory planning; Topography; K{\"u}rzeste Wege; Graphen-Aufbau; Geographische Informationssysteme (GIS); Mehrzieloptimierung (Pareto-Front); Trajektorienplanung; Geoinformationssystem; K{\"u}rzester-Weg-Problem; Bahnplanung}, language = {en} }