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  • Andreas Drechsler (1)
  • Claudia Heß (1)
  • Dajie Zhang (1)
  • Karsten Loesing (1)
  • Martin Hohnisch (1)
  • Sven Kaffille (1)

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  • 2007 (5) (remove)

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  • Dissertation (3)
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  • English (5) (remove)

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  • Afghanistan (1)
  • Afghanistan ; Medien ; Geschichte 2006 ; Online-Publikation (1)
  • Chord (1)
  • Distributed Hash Table (1)
  • Dokumentennetzwerke (1)
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  • Fakultät Sozial- und Wirtschaftswissenschaften: Abschlussarbeiten (1)
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  • Lehrstuhl für Psychologie I - Entwicklungspsychologie (1)
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Show/Hide Abstract Trust-Based Recommendations in Multi-Layer Networks (2007)
Claudia Heß
The huge interest in social networking applications - Friendster.com, for example, has more than 40 million users - led to a considerable research interest in using this data for generating recommendations. Especially recommendation techniques that analyze trust networks were found to provide very accurate and highly personalized results. The main contribution of this thesis is to extend the approach to trust-based recommendations, which up to now have been made for unlinked items such as products or movies, to linked resources, in particular documents. Therefore, a second type of network, namely a document reference network, is considered apart from the trust network. This is, for example, the citation network of scientific publications or the hyperlink graph of webpages. Recommendations for documents are typically made by reference-based visibility measures which consider a document to be the more important, the more often it is referenced by important documents. Document and trust networks, as well as further networks such as organization networks are integrated in a multi-layer network. This architecture makes it possible to combine classical measures for the visibility of a document with trust-based recommendations, giving trust-enhanced visibility measures. Moreover, an approximation approach is introduced which considers the uncertainty induced by duplicate documents. These measures are evaluated in simulation studies. The trust-based recommender system for scientific publications SPRec implements a two-layer architecture and provides personalized recommendations via a Web interface.
Show/Hide Abstract Models of direct-interactions-driven collective economic phenomena (2007)
Martin Hohnisch
The present thesis consists of seven papers specifying and analysing models of direct-interactions-driven collective economic phenomena. Within theories and models of coordination in large decentralized market economies (and analogously also within theories and models of coordination in natural systems, for instance models of magnetism) the notion of direct interactions is to be contrasted with the notion of indirect interaction via aggregate signals, such as the price system. The presented papers apply a direct-interactions-based modelling to the analysis of economic phenomena, such as the emergence of collective economic sentiment, business cycles, and new-product diffusion.
Newspapers and periodicals from Afghanistan: a snapshot from May 2006 (2007)
Andreas Drechsler
Show/Hide Abstract Open Chord version 1.0.4 User's Manual (2007)
Sven Kaffille Karsten Loesing
In recent years peer-to-peer networks have developed from unstructured to structured overlay networks. Structured peer-to-peer overlay networks facilitate a bounded number of messages in the number of peers for querying and publishing content opposed to unstructured networks, which usually flood the network with messages. To prevent the messages from overflooding the network they have a bounded life time, which may cause that some published content will be lost. Structured peer-to-peer networks guarantee that all published content can be found. One well known structured overlay network is the chord distributed hash table. An implementation of chord is only available in C, but not in Java, which is used widely and often in computer science education. This manual describes an open source implementation of chord in Java - called Open Chord - and how it can be used in Java-based applications. It provides a console-based experimentation environment to explore the functionality of chord, as well.
Show/Hide Abstract Learn a Word Learning Constraint: Emergence of the Taxonomic Constraint and its Relationship with Early Word Acquisition (2007)
Dajie Zhang
This research systematically investigated the emergence and development of an assumed word learning constraint - the taxonomic constraint. The constraint has been proposed to account for young children’s rapid noun learning. It has been well demonstrated in children at 2 years of age or older. Only few studies have been conducted with younger infants. The origin and the starting point of the constraint are in debate. The current research sampled infants aged from 9 months to 18 months. It was explored how the constraint that is supposed to facilitate word learning may emerge during this period, where significant changes take place in language and cognitive development. It was investigated whether the evolvement of the constraint interacts with infants' language development. Two lines of experiments were conducted. First, infants at 9 and 12 months of age were sampled. A series of bottom-up categorization tasks and word-extension tasks were conducted. It was explored whether a precursor of the taxonomic constraint might already be evident at the early stage of language acquisition. Second, infants at 15 and 18 months of age were sampled. A top-down match-to-sample task was conducted. It was investigated whether the taxonomic constraint emerges during this period. The two lines of experiments have converged to suggest that the assumed taxonomic constraint emerges gradually as young infants acquire language. Shortly after word production begins, a precursor of the constraint is evident. By the time infants begin to more efficiently expand their productive language, they benefit from the taxonomic constraint to learn novel words. The emergence and the development of the constraint seem to be closely related to the status of infants' language development.

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